JPS62275842A - Power distributing device for vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To remove various inconveniences which may occur in a differential limiting device when pulling a vehicle, etc. by connecting one side gear of a differential device to a differential case at the same time the connection between said side gear and the mount case of a direction changing mechanism is cut off. CONSTITUTION:A transfer which is connected to a transmission has a center differential gear 20a which distributes power and outputs the power to a front wheel side and a rear wheel side, a front differential gear 20b which outputs power inputted from the side gear 24 side of the differential gear 20a to one side of each of front and rear wheels, a direction changing mechanism 30a, and a differential limiting mechanism 30b. A connecting shaft for connecting the side gear 23 of the center differential gear 20a to the mount case 31 of the direction changing mechanism 30a is divided and the first and second divided shafts 25, 31b can be connected and disconnected to and from each other via a spline engagement by means of the axial sliding movement of a coupling sleeve 38. Also, when both the shafts 25, 31b are disconnected from each other, the divided shaft 25 is connected to a differential case 21.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] 3. Detailed Description of the Invention [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a power distribution device for a vehicle, and particularly to a differential limiting device that generates a differential limiting torque when differential is applied between front and rear wheels. The present invention relates to a vehicle power distribution device comprising:

[Prior art]

As a power distribution device, the power transmission device of a transverse engine type two-wheel drive vehicle can be configured as a power transmission device of a four-wheel drive vehicle with a slight modification.It distributes the power input from the gears to the front and rear wheels. A first differential device that is arranged coaxially with the differential device on one side of the first differential device and outputs power to the front and rear wheels from one side gear side of the differential device. a second differential device that outputs to one side of the first differential device, and a power input from the other side gear side of the differential device that is arranged coaxially with the first differential device on the other side of the first differential device. A type equipped with a direction conversion gear that outputs the signal to the other side of the front and rear wheels is known.

In addition, the applicant has proposed that in this type of power distribution device,
A differential limiting device that generates a differential limiting torque between both output sides of the first differential device is assembled compactly, and when relative rotation occurs between both output sides, it increases the torque on the low speed side and also increases the torque on the high speed side. Japanese Patent Application No. 59-92666 (Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 60-236839) has been filed for a power distribution device that improves the running performance of a vehicle by reducing side torque.

[Problem that the invention seeks to solve]

By the way, in the power distribution device described above, the differential limiting device is in a state where it can be operated at all times. Therefore, in a vehicle equipped with such a power distribution device, a single two-wheel chassis is used to measure emissions, fuel consumption, check the accuracy of meter readings at a predetermined speed during vehicle inspections, and check engine and other malfunctions. Therefore, the following problems occur when the vehicle is towed to a repair shop.

In other words, the former measurements and checks are carried out by placing one of the front and rear wheels on a single two-wheeled chassis and fixing the other to prevent the vehicle from moving. The difference occurs and the first differential is left in a high differential state for an extended period of time. For this reason, in a differential limiting device, a large relative rotation occurs between the two rotating members that make up the device, and a long period of time, resulting in large wear between the friction plates that generate the differential limiting torque. Furthermore, if the device is of a type that seals a viscous fluid, the fluid may rise to a high temperature and its viscosity decreases, causing it to leak from the device. Also,
In the latter case, such as when towing a vehicle, the front or rear wheels are lifted and fixed or suspended from the chassis, but when one wheel is fixed to the chassis, the same problems as mentioned above occur.
Furthermore, when one wheel is suspended, there is a problem in that the same wheel rotates in a suspended state.

The object of the present invention is to eliminate these problems in the power distribution device of the type described above.

[Means for solving problems]

In the power distribution device of the above-mentioned type, the present invention is characterized in that a connecting shaft that connects the other side gear of the first differential device and the mount case so as to enable torque transmission is divided into the side gear side shaft and the mount case side shaft. At the same time, a coupling sleeve is assembled to be slidable only in the axial direction on these two split shafts, and the coupling between the two split shafts is disconnected by the action of the coupling sleeve, and when the two split shafts are disconnected, the side gear side shaft and first
The present invention is characterized in that the differential case of the differential device is coupled to the differential case of the differential device.

[Action/effect of the invention]

According to this configuration, the connection between the other side gear of the first differential and the mount case that supports the direction conversion gear is interrupted by the action of the connection sleeve, and in the state where the connection is interrupted, the side gear and the The differential case of the first differential device can be coupled to the differential case of the first differential device. Therefore, the power input from the transmission is output from one side gear of the first differential device to only one side of the front and rear wheels via the second differential device. In this state, the other side of the front and rear wheels does not rotate, and the differential limiting device does not operate. Therefore, the above-mentioned emissions measurements, fuel consumption measurements, meter reading accuracy checks, vehicle towing, etc. In this case, the various problems described above that occur in the differential limiting device and the problems caused by both the front and rear wheels rotating together are eliminated.

〔Example〕

Hereinafter, the present invention will be explained based on the drawings. FIGS. 1 and 2 show a power distribution device according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1, the power distribution device constitutes a part of a pre-engine type power transmission device.

In the power transmission device, a transmission 12 is connected to one side of an engine (not shown) via a clutch device 11.
The transmission 12 includes an input shaft 12a coaxial with the crankshaft and an output shaft 12b parallel to the input shaft 12a.

In this embodiment, a transfer, which is a power distribution device according to the present invention, is housed in a mission case 12C that accommodates a gear train of a transmission 12 and an additional housing 13. The transfer has a first differential device, the so-called center differential 20a, and a second differential device.
The front differential 20b is a differential device of
, direction changing mechanism 30a.

It is equipped with a viscose coupling 30b which is a differential limiting device.

The center differential 20a is a bevel gear type differential device that distributes the input power and outputs it to the front wheels and the rear wheels. We support it in an integrated manner.

As shown in FIG. 2, this center differential 20a is rotatably supported by a transmission case 12c through a differential case 21 (hereinafter referred to as a differential case), and has a plurality of pinion gears 22a inside.
, 22b, a pair of left and right side gears 23, 24, and a front differential 20b are accommodated.

Each pinion gear 22a, 22b is rotatably supported via each pinion shaft, and each side gear 23, 24 meshes with both pinion gears 22a, 22b. The right side gear 23 is integrally provided with a hollow first split shaft 25 which is a main component of the present invention and serves as a first connection shaft.

The first divided shaft 25 rotatably passes through the differential case 21 and faces into the additional housing 13.

In the front differential 20b, the differential case is integrally constructed with the left side gear 24 of the center differential 20a, and within the differential case 24 are a plurality of pinion gears 26a.

26b is rotatably supported via a pinion shaft, and left and right side gears 27 and 28 mesh with both pinion gears 26a and 26b. One end of the differential case 24, which is integrated with the left side gear, faces the center of the center differential 20a, and is located coaxially with the right side gear 23 and the first split shaft 25, which is integrated therewith. An internal spline 24a is provided at one end of the differential case 24, and a hollow connecting shaft 29 is connected to the external spline 29a.

This hollow shaft 29 rotatably passes through the first split shaft 25 and faces into the additional housing 13 .

In such a front differential 20b,
A short left side gear shirt 15a, which liquid-tightly and rotatably penetrates the mission case 12c, is spline-coupled to the left-hand side gear 28, and also liquid-tightly and rotatably penetrates the additional housing 13, and passes through the connection shaft 29. A long right side gear shaft 15b is connected to the right side gear 27 by spline. These side gear shafts 15a, 15b are respectively connected to respective drive shafts for front wheels.

The direction changing mechanism 30a is the center differential 20
It transmits the output from a to the rear wheel side, and is composed of a mount case 31, a ring gear 32, and a drive pinion 33. The mount case 31 is formed into a stepped cylindrical shape with a large diameter portion 31a at the center, and is rotatably supported by the additional housing 13 at the outer periphery of small diameter portions 31b and 31c on both sides. 1 and a second split shaft 25.31b to be described later, and is located coaxially with the center differential 20a on the right side of the center differential 20a. In such a mount case 31, the left small diameter portion 31b
is configured in a hollow second split shaft. This second divided shaft 31b is connected to the right side gear 2 of the center differential 20a together with the first divided shaft 25.
3 and the mount case 31, and an outer spline 31d is provided at the left end thereof.

The ring gear 32 is assembled to the outward flange gPJ31e of the mount case 31. The drive binion 33 is rotatably supported within the additional housing 13, extends rearward, and projects from the housing 13 in a fluid-tight and rotatable manner. The drive pinion 33 meshes with the ring gear 32 and is connected to a rear wheel drive shaft via a known propeller shaft, rear differential, etc. (not shown).

The viscose coupling 30b generates a differential limiting torque using the viscous resistance of silicone oil, and is housed in the large diameter portion 31a of the mount case 31.

The coupling 30b is composed of an inner sleeve 34, a stepped cylindrical outer case 35, and a large number of two types of friction plates 36 and 37. The inner sleeve 34 has an inner spline 34a at its center, and an outer spline 29 provided at the right end of the hollow shaft 29.
spline connection to b. The outer case 35 has an outer spline 35b on its small diameter portion 35a, and is assembled onto the inner sleeve 34 in a liquid-tight and rotatable manner, so that the small diameter portion 35a is connected to the first split shaft 25 on the connecting shaft 20. They are coaxially located and close to each other. A chamber formed by the inner sleeve 34 and the large diameter portion 35c of the outer case 35 accommodates both friction plates 36 and 37 and a predetermined amount of silicone oil.

The first friction plate 36 is attached to the inner sleeve 34 side so as to be able to rotate together therewith, and the second friction plate 37 is attached to the outer case 35 side so as to be able to rotate together therewith. 36.3
7 are alternately located opposite each other. In this embodiment, the first split shaft 25 and the outer case 35
A coupling sleeve 38 is provided on the small diameter portion 35a of the coupling sleeve 38. This coupling sleeve 38 is formed into a stepped cylindrical shape consisting of a large diameter part 38a and a small diameter part 38b, and the large diameter part 38a is provided with an inner spline 38c that engages with an outer spline 31d of the second divided shaft 31b. ing. Further, the small diameter portion 38b of the coupling sleeve 38 has an inner spline 38d that is always engaged with the outer spline 25a of the first split shaft 25 and is engaged with and disengaged from the outer spline 35b of the small diameter portion 35a of the outer case 35, and an inner spline 38d that is disposed on the small diameter portion 38b of the center differential 20a. A plurality of teeth 38e are provided that engage and disengage from a plurality of teeth 21a provided at the right end of the differential case 21. In this connection structure, the connection between the right side gear 23 of the center differential 20a, the differential case 21, and the mount case 31 is selectively disconnected by the sliding operation of the connection sleeve 38. For example, when the coupling sleeve 38 is located on the right side in the figure (see the upper side of FIG. 2), the right side gear 23 and the mount case 31 are coupled, and the coupling between the side gear 23 and the differential case 21 is cut off. and when the coupling sleeve 38 is located on the left side in the figure (
2), the connection between the right side gear 23 and the mount case 31 is interrupted, and the side gear 23 and the differential case 21 are connected. In this connection structure, the inner sleeve 34 connects to the left side gear 2 of the center differential 20a via the connection shaft 29.
It is connected to 4.

In this embodiment configured as described above, when power from the engine is input to the input shaft 12a of the transmission 12 via the clutch device 11, the power is changed by the speed change gear and transmitted to the output shaft 12b. This power is transmitted to the center differential 20a via the output gear 12d and ring gear j4.
and distributed to both side gears 23 and 24. The power distributed to the left side gear 24 is transmitted to the front differential 20b, and both side gears 27, 28
and is transmitted to both front drive shafts. Further, the power distributed to the right side gear 23 is transmitted to the ring gear 3 via the first split shaft 25, the coupling sleeve 38, the second split shaft 31b, and the mount case 31.
2, and is further transmitted from the ring gear 32 to the rear differential via the drive pinion 33 and a propeller shaft (not shown). When transmitting such power, if the rotational speeds of both side gears 23 and 24 of the center differential 20a are different, a relative rotation occurs between the inner sleeve 34 and the outer case 35 of the viscose coupling 30b, and this relative rotation Differential limiting torque is generated depending on the degree. This results in
The drive torque on the low-speed side of the front and rear wheels increases, while the drive torque on the high-speed side decreases. Since the driving torque increases, the running performance of the vehicle improves.

In addition, in this example, the viscose scumbling 3
0b is interposed between both side gears 23.24 of the center differential 20a, and both side gears 23.2
Since differential limiting torque is directly generated when relative rotation occurs between the front and rear wheels, all of the generated torque contributes to the differential limiting torque between the front and rear wheels. Therefore, the viscose coupling 30b does not require a large size, and is advantageous in terms of assembly space, weight, and cost savings.

By the way, in this embodiment, the connection between the right side gear 23 of the center differential 20a and the mount case 31 can be disconnected by sliding the connection sleeve 38, and when the connection between these two 23 and 31 is interrupted, the connection is made to the rear wheel side. The power transmission is cut off and the rear wheels become free.

In such a state, the right side gear 23 and the differential case 21 are connected and the center differential 20
The differential a is regulated, and the power input to the differential 20a is transmitted to the front wheels without being affected by the differential, and the front wheels are driven according to the power input to the differential 20a.

Therefore, if you cut off the power transmission to the rear wheels by sliding the coupling sleeve for 3 days when measuring the vehicle's energy efficiency, measuring fuel efficiency, checking the accuracy of meter readings, or towing the vehicle, the viscose coupling 30b By stopping the operation of the friction plates 36, 37, it is possible to prevent large wear between the friction plates 36 and 37, and also to prevent the temperature of the viscous fluid in the compulsion ring 30b from rising, thereby preventing its leakage. Furthermore, even when the right wheel is in a suspended state when the vehicle is being towed, there is no problem in which the right wheel rotates when the vehicle is being towed.

In addition, in the present invention, the differential limiting device is not limited to the viscose coupling 30b, but may include two rotating members that can rotate relative to each other, and an appropriate device that generates a differential limiting torque when these members rotate relative to each other. Can be adopted.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a power transmission device equipped with a power distribution device according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is an enlarged sectional view of the same power distribution device. Explanation of symbols 12... Transmission, 20a... Center differential, 20b... Front differential, 21... Differential case, 23.24...
Side gear, 25...first split shaft, 29...
Hollow shaft, 30a... Direction changing mechanism, 31...
Mount case, 31b...second split shaft, 32
...Ring gear, 30b...Viscose coupling, 34...Inner sleeve, 35...Outer case, 36.37...Friction plate.

Claims (1)

[Claims] A first differential device that distributes power input from the transmission and outputs it to the front wheels and the rear wheels, and a first differential device that is arranged coaxially with the differential device on one side of the first differential device. a second differential device that outputs power input from one side gear side of the differential device to one side of the front and rear wheels; and a second differential device that is coaxial with the differential device on the other side of the first differential device. a direction conversion gear that outputs the power input from the other side gear side of the differential to the other side of the front and rear wheels; A power distribution device for a vehicle comprising a differential limiting device that is arranged coaxially with a differential device and generates a differential limiting torque when differential is applied between both output sides of the differential device, wherein the first differential A connecting shaft that connects the other side gear of the device and the mount case so that torque can be transmitted is divided into a shaft on the side gear side and a shaft on the mount case side, and a coupling sleeve can be slid only in the axial direction on these two divided shafts. The connecting sleeve connects and disconnects the two divided shafts, and when the two divided shafts are disconnected, the side gear side shaft and the differential case of the first differential device are connected. A vehicle power distribution device characterized by: