JPS62275446A - Discharge stone crushing apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention 3. Detailed Description of the Invention [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a stone crushing device for crushing stones formed in body cavities such as kidneys and ureters using shock waves generated by electrical discharge.

[Prior Art] Various devices have been developed for crushing stones formed in body cavities such as kidneys and ureters. One of them is to install an electrode at the tip of the tube, and the impact of the discharge spark generated by this electrode! @It is known that the waves can crush stones. However, when electric discharge is generated within a narrow body cavity, there is a risk that the spark will directly hit human tissue and cause damage to that tissue.

No prior art has been found that eliminates the danger caused by such discharge sparks, or a similar technique has been proposed, for example, as disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 5G-130033. This conventional technique uses the explosive force of explosives to crush stones, and as shown in Figure 5, the tip of an explosive tube is covered with an expanding body, and the expanding body is glued to the tip of the explosive tube so that it does not come off. There is. By detonating the explosive provided at the tip of the explosive tube, the calculus is crushed through the expanding body.

According to such a structure, the expansion of the explosive force of the explosive is restricted by the expandable body, so that the stone can be crushed without damaging human tissue.

However, with such a structure, since the expandable body is bonded to the tip of the explosive tube, it is difficult to adjust the distance between the tip of the explosive tube and the stone using the expandable body. Therefore, there is a drawback that it is not possible to adjust the interval according to the size and hardness of the stone to optimize the destructive force transmitted to the stone.

This invention makes it possible to crush a calculus using an electric discharge spark without directly applying the electric discharge spark to human tissue, and also to easily change the strength of the shock wave caused by the electric discharge spark that acts on the calculus. It is an object of the present invention to provide a stone crushing device.

[Means and effects for solving the problem] The present invention has the following features:
A tube 1, a tip 2 provided at the tip of the tube 1, an electrode 3 provided on the tip 2 for generating a high-voltage discharge spark, and the tip of the tube 1. It includes an inflatable balloon 7 provided in a covering manner and a fluid flow path 6 provided in communication with the inside of the balloon 7. The balloon 7 prevents discharge sparks from directly hitting human tissue, and the distance between the electrode 3 and the stone can be changed by adjusting the degree of expansion of the balloon 7.

[Embodiment 1] An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 1 to 4. The stone crushing device shown in FIG. 1 includes a tube body 1. The stone crushing device shown in FIG. This tubular body 1 is made of a flexible material such as synthetic resin, and a cylindrical distal tip 2 is fitted and fixed at its distal end. A pair of electrodes 3 are embedded in this distal tip 2 so as to be exposed on the distal end surface thereof. A pair of electrode cords 4 inserted through the tubular body 1 are electrically connected to these electrodes 3. Further, the distal tip 2 is formed with an open storage section 5 on the distal end surface thereof,
One end of a tube 6 forming a flow path is connected to this storage portion 5. The other end of the tube 6 can be selectively connected to a fluid supply pump and a suction pump (both not shown).

The tip of the tubular body 1 is covered with a bag-shaped balloon 7 formed of a liquid-tight, non-stretchable sheet. The open end of the balloon 7 is airtightly fixed by a retaining ring 8 detachably provided on the outer periphery of the tip of the tube 1. Therefore, if fluid is supplied from the tube 6 to the balloon 7, it can be expanded, and conversely, if the fluid supplied to the balloon 7 is sucked, it can be contracted.

In order to prevent the balloon 7 from loosening in the contracted state, the balloon 7 is placed in a second storage section 5 with which the tube 6 communicates.
It can be stored as shown in the figure. Further, when the balloon 7 is damaged, it can be removed by a retaining ring 8 and replaced with a new one.

Next, FIGS. 3(a) to (d) show the case of crushing a stone S formed in the ureter N using the stone crushing device having the above structure.
Explain with reference to. First, as shown in FIG. 3(a), the tube body 1 is endoscopically inserted into the ureter N, and its tip is opposed to the stone S stuck in the ureter N. At this time, since the balloon 7 is stored in the housing portion 5 of the distal tip 2, the balloon 7 does not interfere with the insertion of the tubular body 1 into the ureter N. Next, as shown in FIG. 3(b), the ureter N is expanded by supplying fluid to the balloon 7 and inflating it sufficiently, and the stone S stuck in the ureter N is lifted onto the balloon 7. let it fall.

When the stone S falls onto the balloon 7, fluid is gradually discharged from the balloon 7 to shrink the balloon 7.

When the balloon 7 is contracted, the distance between the stone S that has fallen onto it and the electrode 3 provided on the distal tip 2 at the distal end of the tube body 1 gradually becomes smaller as shown in FIG. 3(C). Then, the balloon 7 is shrunk so that the distance between the calculus S and the electrode 3 is optimal depending on the ease of breaking the calculus S, such as the size and hardness of the calculus S. Once the distance between the calculus S and the electrode 3 is set in this manner, a high voltage is supplied to the pair of electrodes 3 to generate a discharge spark between them.

Then, the impact caused by the discharge spark is transmitted to the calculus S using the fluid in the balloon 7 as a medium, so that the calculus S is crushed as shown in FIG. 3(d).

According to such a calculus crushing device, since discharge sparks generated by the pair of electrodes 3 are generated within the balloon 7, there is no danger that the discharge sparks will directly hit human tissue. In addition, since the distance between the calculus S and the electrode 3 can be adjusted by the degree of expansion of the balloon 7, by changing the distance depending on the size and hardness of the calculus S, the calculus S can be broken up well. be able to. That is, when the stone S is hard and difficult to break into large pieces, the interval can be made small so that the impact caused by the discharge spark can be sufficiently transmitted to the stone S, and when the stone S is easy to break, the interval can be made small. As shown in FIG. Because it is difficult to scatter around,
It can be easily recovered.

Figures 5 and 6 show another embodiment of the invention, in which the balloon 7 is made of a stretchable material such as rubber. In this way, when the balloon 7 is contracted, the tube body 1
Since it is in almost intimate contact with the outer surface of the distal end of the distal tip 2, it is not necessary to form the housing part 5 on the distal tip 2 as in the above embodiment, and the distal tip 2 can be expanded as shown in FIG. 6 by supplying fluid. be able to.

FIG. 7 shows yet another embodiment of the invention, in which the balloon 7 is separated from the probe 11 in the tube body 1 of the electric discharge lithotripter.
The balloon 7 is attached to the tip of the probe 11 with a retaining ring 12, and the balloon 7 can be inflated or contracted by supplying or suctioning fluid using the internal space of the probe 11. And this probe 1
The tube body 1 was inserted through the tube 1 to crush the stone S. According to such a structure, the tube body 1 is provided separately from the balloon 7.
Since it can be moved freely, it has the advantage of improving operability.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As described above, according to the present invention, a distal tip having an electrode is provided at the distal end of the tubular body, an inflatable balloon is provided covering the distal end of the tubular body, and a fluid is provided inside the balloon. The flow channels were made to communicate with each other. Therefore, the discharge sparks generated when crushing stones are generated inside the balloon and do not directly hit human tissue, thereby improving safety. In addition, the distance between the electrode and the stone can be easily adjusted to the optimum condition for crushing the stone by changing the degree of inflation of the balloon, and furthermore, by adjusting the distance, the stone can be reliably crushed. It has the following advantages:

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of the tip of the tube body when the balloon is inflated, showing an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the same balloon when it is deflated, and FIGS. d) is an explanatory diagram sequentially showing the procedure for crushing a stone in the ureter; FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of crushing a stone by pressing it against human tissue; and FIG.
6 and 6 are side views of the distal end of the tube body showing another embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 7 is a sectional view of the balloon attachment structure showing still another embodiment of the present invention. 1... Tube body, 2... Tip tip, 3... Electrode, 7...
·balloon. Applicant's agent Patent attorney Review notes Jun 7 balloon No. 1 (a) (b) busy) (d) No. 3
Figure 6 Figure 7 Procedural amendment 1, Indication of the case Patent application No. 114783/1983 2, Name of the invention Electric discharge stone crushing device 3, Person making the amendment Relationship with the case Patent applicant (037) Olympus Optical Industry Co., Ltd. Company 4, Agent UBE Building 3-7-2 Kasumigaseki, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo
00 Telephone 03 (502) 3181 (main representative)
-m-ゝ・-71 (lli881) Patent attorney Tsuboi a
l, 15, spontaneous correction ゛・□・
-22.j7, Amendment No. 94-J, 5th line of the detailed statement of amendment, "Balloon 7" is corrected to "Balloon 7."

Claims (3)

[Claims] (1) A tube body, a tip provided at the tip of the tube, an electrode provided on the tip for generating a high-voltage discharge spark, and a state that covers the tip of the tube. 1. An electric discharge lithotripter comprising: an inflatable balloon; and a fluid passage communicating with the inside of the balloon. (2) The stone crushing device according to claim 1, wherein a storage section is formed at the distal end of the tubular body to store the balloon in a contracted state. (3) The stone crushing device according to claim 1, wherein the balloon is made of a stretchable material.