JPS62273326A - Soil lump stabilizing apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a device, esepcially for stabilizing soil material, comprising a substantially elongated web (l) which in mounted position on a support (4) forms a plurality of cells or pockets. For the purpose of providing a device which can be manufactured from inexpensive raw material, which possibly can easily decompose, and which can be manufactured in accordance with a simple and preferably known process, and at the same time render a minimum transport volume, and which in connection with soil stabilizing provides favourable anchoring in the ground which is to be soil stabilized, and which forms pockets or cells having walls extending vertically independent of the slope angle of the ground for stabilizing the soil even during heavy rain, it is according to the invention suggested that the web (l) is constituted by an initially relatively thin, substantially flat web (l), preferably of flexible plastics, which in a first direction is provided with rows of consecutively arranged slits (2,2a, 2b) which are so staggerd relative to each other that the web (l) by the stretching thereof in a second direction forms oppositely undulating strips (3a,3b,3c) which upon mounting of the web on a more or less inclined hill define side by side arranged cells or pockets (8) which can be filled with soil (9) being stabilized by the device. Due to the sharp lower edges (l0) of the undulating strips (3a,3b,3c) the device (l) in stretched condition will easily be pressed down into the ground (4) for the anchoring thereof in the ground (4), and the various degrees of stretching can be harmonized to the various angles of inclination of the ground on which the device is to be carried.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION 3. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention provides a method for stabilizing bulk materials generally and more particularly for stabilizing soil masses. ,
The present invention also relates to a method for stabilizing bulk materials, especially soil masses.

The invention also relates to special uses of such devices.

Various products are already known for stabilizing soil masses and especially slopes.

For example, tA(net) made of plastic or steel wire
is used. These types of netting work satisfactorily if the slope is not too steep and if the soil mass is not affected by heavy rains before planting shrubs or the like.

Another type of device for stabilizing soil comprises a plastic plate that is first provided with a hole and then extends in both directions. An example of such a plate is the Norwegian Patent Application Book aI No. 134.
No. 995, No. 152611, and No. 152-612.
It is known from the issue. It is true that elongation of the plates or webs results in a net configuration having a greater depth or thickness than the usual flat line order, but that they do not provide a stabilizing effect on the land in the form of a general array pocket. be.

Another product is Finnish patent application No. 84109042.
No. 6 and Norwegian Patent Application No. 843,270;
It is equipped with multi-edged cells. These elements have a certain height, for example 90 m n+, and can be interconnected to cover the slope, in fact the elements can hold a sufficient amount of soil on the sloped ground. However, the production of such elements not only requires a larger amount of plastic material, but also is itself more expensive to produce. Additionally, the elements require extensive handling during transportation, and even if, to some extent, the elements are stacked on top of each other, expensive shipping costs are involved.

Furthermore, road embankments
, the known so-called semi-rigid honeycomb type made from non-woven polyester for stabilizing the upper layer of river banks and the like,
There is a three-dimensional soil fabric (HeoLext i Ie). This type of stabilizing device can be transported in collapsed form and is easy to place at the site of use.

However, the production of such soil fabrics is very complex and expensive, and the product itself is too soft to exert a sufficient attachment effect on the land on which it is placed. In addition, completed (fini-shed mou)
The walls of the cellular structure of the nted geotex Lile run perpendicularly from the land surface and are sloped diagonally.
In fact, when soil is a problem, the soil that fills and stabilizes the cells is more easily washed out of the cells or pockets by heavy rain showers.

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The object of the invention is firstly to provide a device for stabilizing soil masses, the advantageous features of which, suffering from the shortcomings inherent in prior art devices, are preferably retained. By providing equipment that allows

In other words, soil stabilization according to the invention according to the following requirements:
It is intended as a device.

1. It is manufactured from relatively cheap raw materials.

2. The rate of decomposition should vary from easy decomposition to decomposition occurring over several years, for example in conjunction with easily overgrown soil areas.

3. The manufacturing process is simple and preferably based on prior art.

4. The device requires a small transport volume and on-site installation should be simple.

5. The equipment should have inherent advantages in mounting.

6. The cells or pockets formed during installation should be fully adjustable and preferably have walls that extend vertically, independent of the slope of the slope, for optimal stabilizing effect in the event of heavy rain showers. It is.

In accordance with the present invention, the above requirements are such that when the web is extended transversely with respect to the slit, the webs are arranged in series staggered with respect to each other such that when the web is extended transversely with respect to the slit, it forms relative relief platelets which, by suitable attachment, define cells or pockets arranged side by side. Satisfied with respect to a device of the type mentioned in the preamble, characterized in that it is constituted by an initially relatively thin, substantially planar web, preferably made of bendable plastic, comprising in one direction a row of slits arranged in an array. be done. By spreading the transversely extending device onto the slope, cells or pockets can be filled with soil that is stabilized by the device.

In other words, a flat web is the basis of the device, which web is provided with the above-mentioned slits and allows the production of large or small rolls for storage and transport. in this way,
The web can be transported to the point of use in rolls that provide minimal transport volume.

Only in the field, i.e. after the web has been spread out on the land and stretched in the direction transverse to the slit, an upwardly extending back surface or wall is formed that stabilizes the soil filling the pockets of the stretching device. l-To form. The web can then be cut to a suitable length depending on the terrain or the ground to be semi-difficult for soil stabilization.

During installation of the device, the soil mass filling the pockets does not undergo permanent deformation as it keeps the web in place in the stretched state.

Another feature of the device relates to the small thickness of the web, the extension has a sharp downward edge appearance along the undulating platelets, and the sharp edge can be easily rolled down to the ground when installing the web in the field. In fact, the device can be mounted securely even on steep slopes.

A further feature of the device is that different degrees of elongation allow different mutual angles between the wall portions of the undulating platelets.
) is achieved, and the fact is that different degrees of elongation can be used for different angles of inclination of the land holding the device.Different degrees of elongation also give cells or pockets of different sizes, and the fact that different degrees of elongation can be used for different angles of slope of the land holding the device. This opens up even greater possibilities for selecting the device structure accordingly.

Alternatively, the device is placed on a support and serves as protection against sand, snow or the like.

In the area of each slit, an end region is provided which accommodates the shape of the bulging or embossing, which ensures that, in connection with the elongation, the undulation of the corresponding platelet part takes place orthogonally with respect to the platelet part of the pond.

In order to achieve the correct orientation of platelet undulation during installation of the device according to the invention, the plastic web is still soft and hot during the production of it during the cutting period, when it traverses the slits.
receive the chief. This initial elongation is carried out to a degree such that the individual platelet sections are embedded in natural memory, i.e., the permanent initial positive deformation that dictates the direction of undulation during the final and full elongation of the web in situ. .

For example, a thermal memory or initial elongation takes place in the region of the slit, for example by means of a mating slit I and a pressure roller.

This small pre-stretching gives some bulging of the platelet parts, especially in the area of the slits, but the flexible web is still substantially flat and thus tightly rolled up into rolls for storage and transport.

Presumably the slit has a curved portion at each end to prevent breakage during web elongation.

Additionally, the web may be laminated with a suitable woven or knitted fabric to strengthen the Nli, especially at the end portions of the slits.

Preferably the web is made of plastic, such as polyethylene. Appropriate additives in plastics may alter their resistance to degradation.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The basis of an embodiment of the device according to the invention used as a soil stabilization device In FIG. is the extrusion of plastic material into a web having a thickness of e.g. 0.1+am to 6mm.
+・usion) or calendar process
Manufactured by J.J. The thin, substantially planar web 1 of preferably flexible plastics material has a g! During the process, a continuous array of slits 1I, for example by punching or slits, is formed, the slits 2 of the first row being substantially evenly spaced, while the slits 2a of the adjacent row are equally spaced but the first They are arranged in a staggered manner with respect to the slits 2 of the row. The next row of slits 2b is provided parallel to the first row of slits 2, and in this way, by appropriate elongation of the web l, the relative undulating platelets 3
A slit pattern is provided to create a, 3b, 3c, etc.

The plastic web designated by 1 in Figure 1 is slit or punched during its manufacture so as to be provided with a number of rows of slits 2.2a, 2b, etc., the number of rows depending on the application area of the finished manufactured web. selected according to. In this way, the web can be manufactured to the desired width and delivered as rolls or individual web cedar boards. 1st a
In the figure a part of the web 1 is shown rolled or spread out on a support on which the soil mass is stabilized. If the slit 1l- is made transverse to the production line direction of the web and the web is rolled in this direction, the web rolled in the field will be elongated in the machine direction, i.e. in the same direction as the roll.

As can be seen from Figure 2a, when the plastic foil or web 1 is rolled or spread out on a support, e.g. The stretching provides relatively undulating platelets 3a, 3b, 3c. These platelets have a relatively straight form in the interconnecting web regions held between the slits, here regions 7, but with alternating concave and convex portions 5, respectively, as a result of the slits 2.2a, 2b. and 6. In other words, side-by-side or stepped cells or pockets 8 are provided which can be filled with soil stabilized by the device 1.

In the upper part of FIG. 2a, a small section of the web 1 is shown which is extended across the slit and placed on a sloped piece of land 4, for example of soil or gravel. However, 2nd a
In the middle of the figure it is shown how the cells or pockets 8 are filled with soil 9 which is stabilized by the device 1. The stretching imparts to the web 1 a substantially non-permanent deformation which is maintained by the filling of the soil mass 9. In particular, as shown in FIG. 2b, the upwardly extending rear surface or wall of the reliefs 3a, 3b, 3c not only forms the pocket 8, but also provides an advantageous takeoff with a sharp lower end 10 which embeds considerably better in the ground.

Since the web 1 in the extended state is rolled down deeply into the land, it does not slip even on steep slopes, this condition means that the device 1 is rolled down to a particularly steep hill 4El and the walls of the undulations 3a, 3b, 3c This is better shown in FIG. 3 extending vertically from the ground for the formation of a cell or bokeh 8 with a vertical back surface or wall. The vertical arrangement of the back or wall, apart from providing an advantageous attachment, also provides particularly good stabilization of the soil 9 and the pockets during heavy rains.

Each slit 2.2a, 2b as seen from Figure 1b
In such areas there are arranged bulges or embossings 11 which help the corresponding platelet sections to undulate in the correct direction with respect to other platelet sections during elongation of the web 1.

As further disclosed in the preface of [3], an alternative method for undulating individual platelet sections in the correct direction during in-situ web elongation is when the plastic web is still soft and hot during its production. It is the fact that in the area of the slit it undergoes pre-stretching.

In FIG. 1a a fixing nail 12 is shown inserted into the slot 2 under the upper platelet 3a during the spread of the web 1 on the sloping ground 4. jT12 has a burb 12ae at the lower end that serves for attachment to the upper surface,
and in the upper part an arm (
arm) 12b.

In the lower part of FIG. 2a, the soil pattern after the growing season using a soil stabilization device according to the invention is shown, where the top of the soil 9 is infested with grass 13 with roots extending into the soil 9.

In the pockets 8 of the openings or webs 1, shrubs or the like can also be planted, all depending on the topography shaped by the soil stabilization device.

The material from which the web 1 is manufactured is, for example, a plastic material filled with carbon black, in fact a plastic that is very resistant to decomposition is used. Perhaps the plastic is manufactured without fillers or mixed with pigments that make the web chemically unstable, and in fact the plastic disappears on its own after a number of years.

If a thicker plastic web is used as a soil stabilization device, the mechanical force f! :
It is necessary to use it. Although this is necessary in some cases, the web is preferably manufactured as a flexible plastic web that is stretched in situ by hand.

Presumably the plastic in the stretched state retains its elongated structure and then the web is used for heavy stabilization purposes such as stabilization of thick plastics such as those used for stabilizing secondary roads or areas, military airports or the like. Heat treatment is used in connection with the web.

Alternatively, the device is mounted on a support that acts as a protection against sand, snow or the like.

In this regard it may be appropriate to use a somewhat thicker web stretched between racks or rails or balls located along tracks or roads particularly exposed to swirling snow or sand accumulations.

By means of the device, snow or sand particles are guided in such a way that they are collected in snowdrifts or sand piles that cause minimal damage and, respectively, minimal inconvenience.

It is understood that the device according to the invention can also be used as an awning, for example for protection against sunlight, light, radiation, etc.

Of course, in this respect it is possible to use materials of various textures, colors, transparency, etc. The fc station is then pre-installed into a 7 frame that is installed in the field location where it will be used.

It is also understood that devices for stabilizing maple, in particular soil masses, can also be made of other materials than soil masses, for example covered with concrete or a similar hardening material. For steep river banks etc., the device according to the invention can be installed on the land to be stabilized and then e.g.
Pocket (8) formed by the web (1) of the invention
Can be filled with unhardened concrete supported by. The compacted web thus facilitates the spreading of the material to be cured and allows its uniform distribution due to the pocketed shape of the web.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The invention will now be further disclosed with reference to the accompanying drawings, which illustrate embodiments of the present stabilization device and the field of application. FIG. 1 is a schematic plan view of a web forming the basis of an embodiment of the device; FIG. 1a is a portion of a web according to the invention. FIG. 1b is an enlarged fragment of the area of the device according to FIG. 1a. FIG. 2a is a perspective view showing various aspects of the stabilization process in which the device according to the invention is used; the upper part of FIG. 6 shows the device in a mounting device; At the center of the figure is a device covered with soil material. The lower part of the figure is the stable 1H region after the growing season. Figure 2b is an enlarged fragment of the area shown in Figure 2a. FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a section through the device according to FIG. 2a as seen in the direction I-[1[ in FIG. 2a;

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. Relative undulations (3a, 3
a first row of slits (2, 2a, 2b, etc.) arranged in a staggered manner with respect to each other so as to form a
Device for stabilizing particularly bulky materials, characterized by an initially relatively thin and substantially flat web (1) of preferably flexible material having in the direction. 2. Due to elongation, the web (1) becomes relatively steep on land (4
) so as to form relative relief pieces (3a, 3b, 3c) defining side by side cells or pockets (8) which can be filled with material stabilized by the device (1) when placed in the device (1). , consisting of an initially relatively thin and substantially flat web (1) of preferably flexible material, the web having in a first direction rows of slits (2, 2z, 2b, etc.) in a continuous arrangement staggered with respect to each other; Claim 1, in particular for stabilizing soil materials, characterized in that the body (1) is substantially elongated and defines a plurality of cells or pockets (8) at the site of installation in the land. The device described. 3. Device according to claim 2, characterized in that the material to be stabilized by the device is a molding composition such as hydraulic cement, mortar, plaster, etc. 4. The undulating platelet formed by the elongation of the web (1) is provided with an end portion (10) that is easily rolled down onto the land (4) and thereby ensures the installation of the device (1) in the field. An apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: 5. Various degrees of elongation of the web (1) result in undulating platelets (3a,
Claim characterized in that different mutual angles between the wall parts 3b, 3c) and different degrees of extension are used depending on the angle of inclination of the land (4) holding the device (1) The device according to any one of items 1 to 4 of the range. 6. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the device is suitably arranged in a rack which serves as protection against sand, snow or the like. 7. In the area of one or more slits (2, 2a, 2b) a bulge or embossing is provided which serves for the undulation of the corresponding platelet part in the orthogonal direction with respect to the other platelet parts during the final elongation of the web. 7. The device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: 8. characterized in that the web (1) is provided with a thermal memory, i.e. a preliminary transverse elongation, which is brought about while still soft and hot during the production of the plastic web and which initiates the undulation direction of the platelets during the final elongation in situ. An apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 7. 9. Device according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that the thermal memory or initial elongation takes place in the region of the slit, for example by means of a connecting slit and a pressure roller. 10. Claim 1, characterized in that at the end of the slit (2) of the web (1) a bend is provided to prevent breakage when the web (1) is stretched transversely with respect to the slit. The apparatus according to any one of items 9 to 9. 11. The web is laminated with a suitable woven or braided fabric to further reinforce the end portion of the slit (2). The device described. 12. Device according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the web (1) is manufactured from a plastic web, for example polyethylene. 13. A continuous array of slits in the first direction (2, 2
A relatively thin, substantially flat web (1) of preferably flexible material having rows of (a, 2b) is used, and the web of suitable length is used to stabilize the flat or sloping land (4) to be soil stabilized. , the web at one longitudinally extending end thereof is attached to the land (4) by suitable fastening means (12), and thereafter the web (
1) is a second for the formation of relative relief platelets (3a, 3b, 3c) defining side-by-side arranged cells or pockets (8) which can be filled with the material stabilized by the device (1). A method for stabilizing bulky materials, especially soil masses, characterized in that they are stretched in a direction. 14. The method of claim 13, wherein the pocket is filled with a molding composition such as hydraulic cement, mortar, plaster, etc. 15. The lower end portion (10) of the individual relief platelets (3a, 3b, 3c) where the web (1) after stretching is pushed into the land (4) in order to attach the device (1) to the land (4). 14. A method according to claim 13, characterized in that: 16. The web (1) at the site of use is located in the cell or pocket (
8) elongated in the second direction by a non-permanent deformation to define the cells or pockets (8), said deformation being maintained by filling said cells or pockets (8) with soil; or The method according to paragraph 14. 17. A relatively thin, substantially flat web (1) of preferably flexible material having a row of slits (2, 2a, 2b) in a first direction is used, and a web of suitable length is used at its terminal end. The rear web (1) is mounted on a rack along one of the sections and then the rear web (1) has a relative relief defining side-by-side cells or pockets (8) which serve to protect against swirling sand, snow or the like. Board (3a, 3b, 3
c) A method for stabilizing a bulky material, characterized in that it is stretched in one direction to form. 18. Use of the device according to any one of claims 1 to 11 as an awning, for example for protection against sunlight, light, luminescence, etc.