JPS62267690A - Fast breeding type reactor - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] [Industrial application field] The present invention relates to fast breeder nuclear reactors.

[Conventional technology]

A conventional technique close to the present invention is disclosed in Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 60-57289.

According to this conventional example, the steam generation system and secondary cooling system of a fast breeder nuclear reactor are closely integrated around the primary cooling system, resulting in a highly intensive nuclear reactor.

However, the structure inside the primary vessel, which includes the primary cooling system, consists of a horizontal bulkhead placed around the outer periphery of the core that divides the inside of the primary vessel into a hot plenum and a cold plenum, and a machine that flows the primary coolant inside the primary vessel. The primary coolant-driven pump and intermediate heat exchangers for exchanging heat between the primary coolant and the secondary coolant are arranged alternately along the inner wall of the primary container. Further, from a perspective related to the present invention, the basic function of an electromagnetic flow coupler incorporating an electrothermal surface is disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 61-29688.

[Problem that the invention seeks to solve]

In the prior art, the concentration has not extended to the inside of the primary container, and further consolidation is desired.

An object of the present invention is to provide a simpler nuclear reactor plant that is more integrated than the conventional one.

[Means for solving problems]

The structural requirements for solving the above object are: a primary vessel containing a reactor core and a primary coolant; a partition wall that partitions the inside of the primary vessel into a hot plenum and a cold plenum;
A secondary refrigerant containing a large container, a secondary refrigerant placed between the primary and secondary containers, a secondary refrigerant driving pump, and a steam generator. In a nuclear reactor with a secondary coolant flow path, a primary flow path and a secondary flow path are provided in the cold plenum and around the outer periphery of the core, and a heat transfer surface is provided between the two flow paths. An electromagnetic flow coupler is provided, the discharge port of the driving pump and the inlet of the secondary flow path are connected through piping, and the outlet of the secondary flow path and the secondary coolant inlet of the steam generator are connected through piping. The inlet of the primary flow path is in communication with the hot plenum, and the outlet is in communication with the cold plenum, and the suction port of the drive pump and the secondary coolant outlet of the steam generator are connected between the two containers. It is characterized by being connected to.

[Effect]

According to the above configuration requirements, if the driven pump introduces the secondary coolant through the secondary flow path into the steam generator and returns from the steam generator into the secondary vessel, the electromagnetic flow coupler function will cause the secondary coolant to pass through the primary flow path. Even without a driving pump in the primary vessel, the primary coolant can be transferred from the cold plenum through the core to the hot plenum, and from the hot plenum through the primary flow path and back to the cold plenum. When the fluid state of the circulation system is established, heat is exchanged between the primary and secondary fluids using the heat transfer surface within the electromagnetic flow coupler, and heat from the reactor core can be taken out to the steam generator using the secondary coolant. reach.

〔Example〕

An embodiment of the present invention will be described below based on the drawings.

As shown in FIG. 1, a reactor core 3 is installed on a pedestal 2 installed at the bottom of the primary organ 1. - Inside the large container 1, there is a hot plenum 5 in the upper part and a cold plenum 6 in the lower part by the partition wall 4.
It is divided into An electromagnetic flow coupler 7 is installed on the pedestal 2 so as to surround the outer periphery of the reactor core 3. With this arrangement, the electromagnetic flow coupler 7 is placed in the cold plenum 6. The bottom of the primary vessel 1 is curved in a partially spherical shape, and a horizontal flange 8 is formed at the upper end.

This flange 8 connects two roof slabs 9, 10° 11
It is sandwiched between the roof slabs 10 and 11 and attached. Such attachment makes it possible to avoid the use of troublesome welded joints of dissimilar materials when attaching the roof slab to the primary vessel 1.

Liquid metal sodium is contained in the primary container 1 as a primary coolant 12 . The space between the liquid level 13 of the primary coolant 12 in the primary organ 1 and the roof slabs 9, 1o is filled with an inert cover gas 14.

The primary container 1 is enclosed in a secondary container 15, which is fixed at its upper end to the roof slab 11. This fixing may be done by welding since the secondary container 15 side tends to be lower in temperature than the primary container 1 side.

The shape of the secondary container 15 is a stepped shape in which the lower part is partially spherical and the partially spherical surface is narrowed in the middle.

By adopting such a stepped shape, the gap between the curved bottom portion of the primary container 1 and the inner wall surface of the bottom portion of the secondary container 15 is made narrower than the gap in other portions. The size of this gap is determined to ensure that the secondary coolant 16 in the secondary vessel 15 exerts a sufficient fluid vibration effect on the primary vessel 1 after thermal expansion of the primary vessel 1 during operation of the reactor. Set it to the size you can. According to such a setting, the safety of the primary container 1 and the equipment within the primary container 1 can be ensured even if external forces such as earthquakes are applied, and it is possible to contribute to weight reduction without increasing reinforcement.

As with the primary coolant 12, the aforementioned secondary coolant 16 uses sodium, which is a liquid metal. This secondary coolant 1
The space between the liquid level 17 of 6 and the roof slab 11 is also filled with an inert cover gas 18.

A secondary coolant 16 is provided between the primary container 1 and the secondary container 15.
a drive pump 19 for the secondary coolant 16 that provides a flow force to the
Steam generator 2 for heat exchange between secondary coolant 16 and water
0 and is suspended and supported from the roof slab 11.

The planar layout of the driving pump 19 and the steam generator 20 is annular and staggered as shown in FIG. 2, so that the secondary coolant 16 can easily flow in and out evenly between them.

A suction port 21 of the secondary coolant 16 of the drive pump 19 opens into the secondary container 15, one end of a pipe 23 is connected to the discharge port 22, and the other end is connected to the electromagnetic flow coupler 7.

On the other hand, a piping 2
6 is connected, one end of which opens into the body 27 of the steam generator 20, and the other end connected to the electromagnetic flow coupler 7. Both pipes 23 and 26 pass through the wall of the upper portion of the primary container 1 and run between the interior of the primary container 1 and the interior of the secondary container 15. According to this way of passing, the pipe 23.26
Since the water does not pass through the outside air (air) and instead passes through the inert cover gas 14, 18, the piping route can be shortened and sodium fires can be prevented when the piping breaks. .

This facilitates the recovery of sodium leaking from piping. Furthermore, the short piping route contributes to the downsizing of the reactor. In particular, if the through hole provided in the primary container 1 for the passage of the pipes 23 and 26 is made large enough to allow the cover gas to pass through, the cover gas in both containers 1 and 15 will communicate with each other and the pressure will be balanced. Heat exchanger tubes 30 connected to pipes 28 and 29 are provided in the body 27 of the steam generator 20 and submerged in the secondary coolant 16.

The roof slabs 9, 10.11 are installed by the roof slab 11 being supported by the concrete structure 31. A heat insulating material 32 with a liner is provided between the concrete structure 31 and the secondary container. This heat insulating material 32 is used when the liner is in the secondary container 15 under the environment during reactor operation.
The shape and thickness should be a perfect fit for the exterior wall surface. By rubbing in this manner, the heat retaining means also serves as an earthquake-resistant support for the secondary container, making it safe and contributing to miniaturization and weight reduction.

The electromagnetic flow coupler 7 is shown in FIGS. 3, 4, and 5, and has the configuration described below.

That is, an annular flow path surrounded by an inner peripheral wall 43 and an outer peripheral wall 44 is formed between an annular inner circumferential magnetic pole 41 and an annular outer circumferential magnetic pole 42, and this annular flow path space is defined as shown in FIG. It is divided into a plurality of sections at the heat transfer surface 45, and primary channels 46 and secondary channels 47 are formed alternately. As shown in FIG. 3, the primary flow path 46 of the two flow paths 46 and 47 opens into the hot plenum S at its upper end, and is connected to one end of a pipe 48 in the cold plenum 6 at its lower end. The other end of this pipe 48 is formed within the pedestal 2 and connected to a coolant distribution means 49 to the reactor core 3 .

The upper end of the secondary flow path 47 communicates with the upper ring header 50 and the lower end communicates with the lower ring header 51.
Both ring headers 50, 51 and the primary flow path 46 are separated by a heat transfer surface 45 and an upper or lower extension of the outer peripheral wall 44, as shown in FIG. Lower ring header 51
The other end of the pipe 23 is connected to the upper ring header 50 as shown in FIG. 3, and the other end of the pipe 26 is connected to the upper ring header 50. The inner circumferential magnetic pole 41 and the outer circumferential magnetic pole 42 are arranged vertically in multiple stages as shown in FIG. Each of these magnetic poles may be a permanent magnet or an electromagnet.

A fast breeder nuclear reactor with such a configuration provides the following effects.

That is, when the drive pump 19 is operated, the secondary coolant 16 is sucked in through the suction port 21 and is discharged into the pipe 22 from the discharge port 22 at high pressure. Therefore, the secondary coolant 16 passes through the pipe 23 and enters the lower ring header 51, and the secondary coolant 16 enters the lower ring header 51 and enters the secondary flow path 4.
It rises and flows within 7. The secondary coolant 16 is in the secondary flow path 4
7, the secondary coolant 16 crosses the radial magnetic field 52 between the inner and outer magnetic poles 41, 42. Therefore, an annular current is induced in the annular region surrounded by the inner and outer walls 43 and 44, as indicated by the arrow in FIG. 5, for example. When the primary coolant 12 in the primary flow path 46 receives this current under the environment of the radial magnetic field 52, the primary coolant 16 flows downward, which is the opposite direction to the flow of the secondary coolant 16. These principles are established by Fleming's right-hand and left-hand rules.

When the primary coolant 12 flows in the electromagnetic flow coupler 7 in this way without a driving pump, the primary coolant 12 flows from the large flow path 46 through the pipe 48, as shown by the thick black arrow in FIG. The primary coolant 16 is passed from the distribution means 49 to the core 3, heated in the core 3, discharged into the hot plenum S, and then re-entered into the large flow path, repeating the cycle. While passing through the primary flow path 46 , heat is transferred to the secondary coolant 16 flowing in the secondary flow path 47 via the heat transfer surface 45 .

The secondary coolant 16, which has become high in temperature due to heat transfer, is drawn out to the upper ring header 50 by the driving force of the drive pump 19, passes through the pipe 26, and is discharged into the body 27 of the steam generator 20. The water is drawn out from below into the secondary container 15, and is then sucked into the drive pump 19 again, where it repeats circulation as indicated by the thick white arrows to the thin arrows in Figure 1.During this circulation, it reaches a high temperature. Inside the body 27 that receives the secondary coolant 16, the heat of the secondary coolant 16 is transferred to the water entering the heat transfer tube 30 from the pipe 28 as shown by arrow a in FIG. The secondary coolant 1 has been turned into steam and discharged through the pipe 29 in the direction of the arrow, losing heat and becoming low temperature.
6 is discharged from the body 27 into the secondary container 15. The steam produced from the nuclear reactor in this way is sent to a steam turbine that drives a generator and is consumed as a power source.

In this embodiment, since the magnetic poles 41 and 42 can be placed in the relatively low temperature cold plenum 6, there is little fear that the performance of the magnets etc. will deteriorate due to high temperatures, and a situation in which reliable performance can be easily obtained can be obtained.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As described above, according to the present invention, not only can the secondary cooling system and the steam generation system be consolidated in a compact manner, but also in the primary cooling system, the functions of the primary coolant drive pump and the intermediate heat exchanger can be consolidated in a compact manner. Therefore, it is possible to provide a nuclear reactor plant that is more integrated than before.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a fast breeder nuclear reactor according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 4 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the electromagnetic flow coupler employed in the figure, and corresponds to the BB arrow view in FIG. 4, FIG. 4 is a CC arrow view in FIG. 3, and FIG. FIG. 1... Primary organ, 3... Reactor core, 4... Bulkhead, 5
...Hot plenum, 6...Cold plenum, 7
...Electromagnetic flow coupler, 8...Flange, 9.1
0.11... Roof slab, 12... Primary coolant,
14.18...Cover gas, 15...Secondary container, 1
6...Secondary coolant, 19...Drive pump, 20...
・Steam generator, 21... Suction port, 22... Discharge port, 23, 26.28° 29.48... Piping, 25.
... Secondary coolant inlet, 30 ... Heat exchanger tube, 31 ... Concrete structure, 32 ... Heat insulating material, 41 ... Inner circumference magnetic pole, 42 ... Outer circumference magnetic pole, 45 ... Transfer Thermal surface, 46.
...-Main channel, 47...Secondary channel, 50...Upper ring header, 51...Lower ring header Engraving of diagram f (no change in content) 20th 1., Primary rock tool, 3 Yamasyl brother part, 7...1. Magnetic flow coupler, 2...Primary cypress #shoulder, 15...Secondary ticket wing, 16...Two-dog cold guard, 19...Ma t (J Bono's, 20...Gokiko) Yukai, 23., l... arrangement 9゜ 3 intestines 7 ro 419.-1'l m H1A@4'l -
= NZ; * u4'L... Gaimyo Kamal Ayu 50
・・Partially biased〉7 peopleもも4≦・Heat transfer surface Precept 01. Lower fermentation〉Gehezday 4.6 ... -nInijiL"jj (≦, Procedural amendment (method) August 21, 1986

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A primary vessel containing a reactor core and a primary coolant, a partition partitioning the inside of the primary vessel into a hot plenum and a cold plenum, a secondary vessel containing the primary vessel, and a secondary vessel containing the primary vessel; A nuclear reactor comprising a secondary coolant placed between the primary and secondary containers, a drive pump for the secondary coolant, and a steam generator, and with the space between the containers as a flow path for the secondary coolant. An electromagnetic flow coupler having a primary flow path and a secondary flow path and a heat transfer surface between the two flow paths is provided in the cold plenum and around the outer periphery of the core, and the electromagnetic flow coupler is provided with a heat transfer surface between the two flow paths. The outlet and the inlet of the secondary flow path are connected through piping, the outlet of the secondary flow path and the secondary coolant inlet of the steam generator are connected through piping, and the inlet of the primary flow path is connected through piping. A fast breeding type characterized in that an outlet is connected to the hot plenum and an outlet is connected to the cold plenum, and a suction port of the driving pump and a secondary coolant outlet of the steam generator are connected to the space between the two containers. Reactor. 2. In claim 1, the lower part of the secondary container has a two-stage curved shape, and the distance between the bottom curved part of the primary container and the bottom curved part of the secondary container is narrower than other parts. A fast breeder nuclear reactor characterized by having the above-mentioned vessel interval. 3. A fast breeder nuclear reactor according to claim 1, wherein each of the pipes passes through a vertical wall of the primary vessel and passes into the primary vessel and the secondary vessel. 4. In claim 1, heat insulating means is provided between the bottom of the secondary vessel and the structure on the outer periphery of the secondary vessel so as to fit into the secondary vessel at a temperature during reactor operation. A fast breeder nuclear reactor characterized by: 5. In claim 1, the nuclear reactor is a reactor type in which the upper part of the container is covered with a roof slab, the upper part of the primary container is a flange, the flange is fitted into the roof slab, and the primary container is covered with a roof slab. A fast breeder nuclear reactor characterized by positioning the vessel within a secondary vessel.