JPS6226072A - Blood treatment apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Industrial Application Field) The present invention relates to a blood processing device that can be systematized by connecting a continuous centrifugal separator and a plasma purification device. Such a system can efficiently remove pathogen-related substances and harmful substances contained in the blood.

(Conventional technology and its problems) In recent years, an abnormal increase in high molecular weight substances in the blood has been associated with autoimmune diseases such as rheumatism, 8LE, myasthenia gravis, Gutbus chair syndrome, and idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura. , multiple myeloma, metabolic abnormalities such as macroglobulinemia, and hyperviscosity syndrome, it has become clear that these substances are deeply involved in the onset and pathology of various diseases. Plasma separation methods have become widely practiced. The plasma separation method involves first separating blood into plasma components and blood cell components, removing harmful high molecular weight substances from the separated plasma components, and then injecting the thus treated plasma components and previously separated blood cell components into the body. This is a method of returning the money to the

Conventional methods for separating blood into plasma components and blood cell components include a membrane separation method using a filtration membrane module and a centrifugation method using a centrifugal separator. The plasma separation method using the membrane separation method described above is as follows: (1) After separating blood into plasma components and blood cell components through a plasma separation membrane, plasma components containing harmful substances are removed and new plasma is produced in an amount equivalent to the plasma components. A method of mixing it with blood cell components and returning it to the body.

(2) After separating blood into plasma components and blood cell components through a plasma separation membrane, the plasma components containing harmful substances are adsorbed with an adsorbent to adsorb and remove the harmful substances, and then the plasma components are combined with whole blood cell components. Method of mixing again and returning to the body (3) After separating blood into plasma components and blood cell components through a whole blood plasma separation membrane, the plasma components are separated into low molecular weight substances including albumin and high molecular weight substances using a plasma processing membrane. Separate into
A method of returning purified plasma from which high molecular weight substances including harmful substances have been removed into the body by mixing it with blood cell components (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 56-74
No. 164, No. 56-145860, etc.) (4) After separating blood into plasma components and blood cell components through a plasma separation membrane, the plasma components are cooled to gel high molecular weight substances containing harmful substances, A method is known in which this gel is removed with a filtration membrane, and only the low molecular weight substances that have passed through the filtration membrane are mixed with blood cell components and returned to the body (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 31869/1983). On the other hand, the plasma processing method using centrifugation is as follows: (1) After separating blood into blood cell components and plasma components using a centrifugal separator, plasma components containing harmful substances are removed, and new plasma is produced in an amount equivalent to the blood cell components. Method of mixing with blood cell components and returning to the body (2) After separating blood into plasma components and blood cell components using a centrifugal separator, the blood is separated into high molecular weight substances and low molecular weight substances using a plasma component total filtration membrane module, A method in which purified plasma from which only high molecular weight substances have been removed is returned to the body along with blood cell components.

(Unexamined Japanese Patent Publication No. 57-64058, No. 59-8967) It has been known.

Among the above blood processing methods, plasmapheresis therapy, in which separated plasma is exchanged with new plasma, has problems in securing plasma from healthy individuals to be transfused to patients, and the transfusion of healthy plasma may cause the introduction of new pathogens. Because of the side effects such as infection with blood and serum sickness, it is recommended to purify one's own plasma before transfusion. Among them, the method of separating blood into blood cell components and plasma components using a centrifugal separator and then processing the separated plasma components using a plasma purification device is a method that efficiently removes unnecessary substances from the blood without damaging the blood and is easy to handle. This is an excellent method that is simple and extremely safe. However, at present, there is no blood processing method in which blood is processed by combining a centrifugal separation device and a plasma purification device.

(Means for Solving the Problems) Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a blood processing apparatus that can be systematized by continuously connecting a centrifugal separator and a plasma purification apparatus.

The present invention continuously connects a continuous centrifugal separator and a plasma purification device provided in an extracorporeal circulation circuit, and purifies plasma components separated by the centrifugal separator with the plasma purification device. In a blood processing device that mixes plasma with blood cell components and returns it to the body, a plasma supply circuit is provided that connects a centrifugal separator in the extracorporeal circulation circuit to a plasma purification device N, and a plasma storage bag is provided in the circuit, and A plasma supply pump is provided which is equipped with a means for sensing the liquid level in the plasma storage bag and whose flow rate can be adjusted so that the liquid level is within a set range by interlocking control with the liquid level sensing means. This plasma processing device is characterized in that a circuit for returning plasma purified by the plasma purification device to the body is provided, and a purified plasma storage tank is provided in the circuit.

The blood processing device of the present invention is used in a system in which a centrifugal separator and a plasma purification device are connected continuously, and the plasma separated by the centrifugal separator is processed by the plasma purification device to remove unnecessary substances from the plasma. This invention relates to a blood processing device that returns purified plasma to the body.

A continuous centrifugal separator connected to the blood processing apparatus of the present invention continuously supplies blood from one side into a centrifugal bowl,
This is a continuous type device (such as a 2997 type device manufactured by IBM, a C8-3000 type device manufactured by Fenwa 1), in which blood cell components and plasma components are individually taken out from the bowl continuously.

The plasma purification device used has a plasma inlet and a plasma outlet, and has an unnecessary substance processing agent inside the main body. In this device, a filter, which normally prevents the flow of waste treatment agents, is tightened by a body and a nozzle that are screwed together. The filter functions to prevent the plasma purification treatment agent from flowing out and only allows plasma to pass through. For this purpose, it is necessary to select and use a plasma purification agent that is suitable for the properties of the plasma purification treatment agent used. For example, when using a plasma purification agent in the form of a fine powder, the pore size must be small enough to prevent the fine powder from flowing out. Even when using a relatively large particle plasma purification agent, if some of the particles tend to become fine and flow out, the pore size must be small enough to prevent the fine particles from flowing out. Generally the pore size is in the range of 1000μ to 0.05μ, preferably 200μ
It is preferable to have a pore diameter as uniform as possible within the range of μ to 0.1 μ. The filter may have any properties as long as it is safe for living organisms.

The plasma purification treatment agent used in the plasma purification bag fl varies depending on the unnecessary substances, but for example, activated carbon, alumina,
Silica, ion exchange resin, etc. can be selected according to the purpose of removal. Moreover, a mixture of these at the same time may also be used. These unnecessary substance processing agents may be modified versions of the above substances.

For example, activated charcoal coated with various polymer membranes such as cellulose, collodion membranes, and gelatin, or coated with proteins such as albumin, or microencapsulated; furthermore, when it comes into direct contact with blood, blood cells and platelets may be destroyed or adsorbed. It can be used in a wide range of applications, including those that cannot be used directly in the blood.

The plasma purification agent used in this device must be able to be sterilized by various methods, as well as safety tests such as acute toxicity tests, pyrogenicity tests, and hemolytic tests.

Figure @1 is a system diagram in which a continuous centrifugal separator 50 and a plasma purification device 6 are continuously connected to form a system. To explain the configuration according to the flow of blood, blood first passes through the blood introduction section 1 ( A pump 2 such as a roller pump, for example, is supplied as necessary from a blood introduction circuit 10 (portion that can be connected to a normal blood collection device or blood storage device such as a shunt or a syringe needle).
The blood is transported into the bowl 3 of the centrifugal separator 50 and separated into blood cell components and plasma components. The plasma components separated by the centrifugal separator 50 are continuously supplied to the plasma purification device 6. That is, the plasma components separated by the centrifugal separator are transferred to the plasma supply circuit 16 by a roller pump 14 built into the centrifugal separator.
and stored in the plasma storage bag 4 provided in the circuit. The plasma storage bag 4 has a liquid level 4 in the bag.
1. Means 21 for knowing is provided. When more than a certain amount of plasma accumulates in the plasma storage bag, a plasma supply pump 5 such as a roller pump that is controlled in conjunction with the liquid level sensing means is activated to take out the plasma from the bag and send it to the plasma purification device 6. . The plasma supply circuit 16 is provided with a drip chamber 22 to which a pressure gauge 23 is connected, and monitors abnormal pressure caused by clogging of the plasma purification device 6 or other factors. When systemizing the plasma purification bag fa"fr by connecting it to a continuous type centrifugal separator, the flow rate of the plasma supply pump 5 is set to be higher than the flow rate of the roller pump 14 that discharges plasma from the centrifugal separator. By storing the plasma in the plasma storage bag, the plasma accumulated in the plasma storage bag can be quickly processed and the amount of extracorporeal blood circulation can be minimized. Unnecessary components are removed. The blood 1 purified by the plasma purification device 6 is sent to the purified plasma storage tank 8 provided in the purified plasma return circuit 17. The purified plasma is drawn out from the purified plasma storage tank 8. The plasma is sent to the mixing device 9 by a roller pump 19 built into the centrifugal separator, where it is mixed with blood cell components drawn out to the blood cell extraction circuit 11 by a roller pump 15 built into the centrifugal separator.

Purified blood in which purified plasma and blood cell components are mixed is drawn out from a purified blood outlet section 18 (a section that can be connected to a shunt, an intravenous drip set, etc.) provided in the purified blood return circuit 20. When using the roller pump 19, the mixing device may be used as a purified plasma reservoir.

It is preferable that the means 21 for detecting the liquid level in the plasma storage bag 4 constantly monitors the freshly washed level because the setting of the liquid level can be easily changed. As the liquid level detection means, a method using a pressure sensor that detects the liquid level by pressure, a method of sensing the liquid level by weight, a method of directly detecting the liquid level by ultrasonic waves, etc. can be used. reactor.

FIG. 2 shows an example in which a pressure sensor is used as the liquid level sensing means 21, and a tube 31 with an inner diameter of 1 mm or less, usually 0.8 length, is inserted into a pressure detection hole 30 provided at the bottom of the plasma storage bag 4.
is connected, and a pressure sensor 21 is attached to the end thereof. A diaphragm type pressure transducer is usually used as this pressure sensor. When plasma is supplied into the plasma storage bag and the liquid level changes, head pressure is applied to the air sealed in the thin tube, and this air pressure causes displacement of the diaphragm. Of this diaphragm? fll A small displacement is detected by a metal wire strain gauge, a semiconductor strain gauge, etc., and the detection signal is transmitted to the control device 32 that controls the drive of each pump. The signal sent from the pressure sensor is sent to the amplification circuit 3
3 and send it to the soft circuit 34. The comparator circuit compares the liquid level with the liquid level set by the setting circuit 35, and the signal is sent to the drive circuit 36 to control the rotation of the pump 5.

This liquid level detection means 21 detects the risk of plasma accumulation in the plasma storage bag 4, and also automatically changes the rotation speed of the plasma supply pump 5 or automatically switches the t- By turning ON-OFF, the liquid level in the plasma storage bag can be controlled to be within the set range. For example, if the liquid level falls below a set level, the rotation speed of the plasma supply pump 5 may be slowed down or temporarily stopped. Plasma Retention - Bag 4 is flexible 50-300
A 0cc bag, such as a blood bag, could be used. In addition, the purified plasma storage tank 8 usually has a volume of 200 to 3000 cc.
A flexible bag is used.

The mixing device is for mixing purified plasma and blood cell components, and can be a flexible bag, a drip chamber, or the like. The above device may further be provided upstream of a plasma warmer that warms the cooled plasma during extracorporeal circulation and a prefilter membrane module that removes formed components in the plasma.

(Effects) As described above, the device of the present invention is equipped with a plasma storage bag and a purified plasma storage tank, and by interlocking and controlling the liquid level detection means of the plasma storage bag, the plasma supply pump, and the purified plasma delivery pump, it can be used with existing equipment. It is possible to provide a blood processing system in which a continuous centrifugal separator and a plasma purification device are connected in series.

This system can efficiently and safely remove harmful substances from the blood without damage or loss of red blood cells or platelets or loss of serum proteins.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The drawings show an embodiment of the blood processing device of the present invention. Fig. 1 is a system diagram of a system that combines a continuous centrifugal separator and a plasma purification device, and Fig. 2 shows a system for detecting the liquid level of a plasma storage bag. FIG. 3 is an electrical circuit diagram of the means.

Claims (1)

[Claims] A continuous centrifugal separator and a plasma purification device provided in the extracorporeal circulation circuit are connected continuously, and the plasma components separated by the centrifugal separator are purified by the plasma purification device, and the purified plasma is converted into blood cells. In a blood processing device that mixes components and returns them to the body, a plasma supply circuit is provided that connects a centrifugal separator and a plasma purification device in the extracorporeal circulation circuit, a plasma storage bag is provided in the circuit, and the plasma inside the bag is A plasma supply pump is provided, which is equipped with a means for sensing the liquid level, and whose flow rate can be adjusted so that the liquid level is within a set range by interlocking control with the liquid level sensing means, and furthermore, the plasma purification device is used to purify the plasma. 1. A blood processing device comprising: a circuit for returning purified plasma to the body; and a purified plasma storage tank provided in the circuit.