JPS62257420A - Binary component polyester composite fiber - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide the titled fiber composed of a component consisting of a polyester containing block polyether amide and another component divided into plural sections by the first component, giving dry touch and creak feeling and having excellent dyeability and antistaticity. CONSTITUTION:The objective binary component polyester composite fiber is composed of a component A consisting of a polyester added and mixed with an antistatic agent comprising a block polyether amide which is a block copolymer of a polyalkylene ether and polyamide and a component B consisting of a polyester copolymerized with an isophthalic acid component preferably having a metal sulfonate group and divided into plural sections with the component A, wherein said component A forms the bottom part of groove continuously extending along the longitudinal direction of the fiber.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Application Field] The present invention is characterized in that two types of polymers are arranged in a specific positional relationship within the cross-section of the fiber, resulting in a dry touch, squeaky texture, and good color development. The present invention relates to a polyester bicomponent composite fiber that can suitably constitute a high-grade woven or knitted fabric having excellent properties, antistatic properties, and anti-frosting properties.

``Prior Art'' Conventionally, in composite fibers obtained by melt-composite spinning two types of thermoplastic polymers with different solubility, easily soluble polymers are placed at specific positions near the fiber surface, and made from fibers or fabrics. A method is known in which yarns with various cross-sectional shapes are obtained by dissolving and removing easily soluble polymers from the fibers.

In particular, the irregular cross-section yarn obtained from composite fibers in which multiple easily soluble polymers are arranged wedge-shaped from the fiber surface toward the inside of the fiber has a dry touch, creaky texture, high color development, and unique luster. Can be applied to knitted fabrics. Regarding such technology, specifically, the present inventors have disclosed
'j 5, JP-A-57-5912@, JP-A-57-5921, JP-A-58-98425, etc.

These yarns with irregular cross-sections are non-static, reflecting the characteristics of the polymer used therein, and need to be anti-static in order to be used in a wider range of applications.

Regarding the antistatic properties of fibers with grooves on the surface, the present applicant has proposed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 139816/1982 a composite fiber in which a polymer added with an electrostatic component is arranged in a wedge shape from the fiber surface toward the inside of the fiber. We proposed a method to partially dissolve and remove the polymer to which the electrolytic component was added. However, with this method, grooves are formed as the antistatic component is dissolved and removed, and by the time the grooves are clearly formed, most of the polymer to which the antistatic component has been added has been dissolved, resulting in a significant drop in electrostatic properties and poor anti-frosting properties. The drawback is that the drop is also large.

JP-A-56-73116 also discloses a composite fiber in which a polymer containing polyoxyalkylene glycol or a derivative thereof is disposed near the fiber surface, which is subjected to a weight loss treatment within a range of 15% or less to make it hydrophilic and antistatic. A technique for imparting is disclosed. However, the earlier Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 60-1398
Similar to the technique disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 16, this technique has the drawback that the amount of depreciation treatment is extremely limited.

On the other hand, the present inventors proposed a cationically dyeable polyester having grooves on the surface in JP-A No. 58-22819, but the technology here required special consideration to obtain good antistatic properties. There are rarely any shortcomings.

As explained above, it is difficult to achieve both a shape that can exhibit the groove effect and electrostatic conductivity in fibers with grooves on the surface that have been given antistatic properties, and also have anti-frosting properties based on the antistatic properties. A decline in the value was also unavoidable.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] The object of the present invention is to have a dry touch, a squeaky texture, and good color development due to a good groove shape, and also to have electric conductivity. The present invention provides a polyester bicomponent composite fiber having anti-frosting properties.

[Means for Solving the Problems] The object of the present invention is to provide a two-component composite fiber in which the B component is divided into a plurality of pieces by the A component, and the A component forms the bottom of a groove continuous in the longitudinal direction of the fiber. This can be achieved by a polyester bicomponent composite fiber characterized in that component A is a polyester mixed with block polyether amide.

The two-component composite fiber of the present invention is made of two types of polyester, a polyester Δ component and a polyester B component, and its cross-sectional shape is such that the B component is divided into a plurality of pieces by the A component, and the A component is divided into a plurality of pieces in the longitudinal direction of the fiber. This shape forms the bottom of a continuous groove. °In other words, in the cross-sectional shape, the outer periphery is alternately occupied by the hemi component and the B component, and the surface of the A component is relatively toward the inside of the fiber than the surface of the B component, and the integral Δ component is the groove. All parts except the bottom are in contact with component B. By clearly forming a plurality of grooves in this way, it is possible to exhibit a groove effect that can impart good dry touch, squeaky feeling, gloss, and color development. Note that the groove in the present invention refers to a space in which the surface of component A is located toward the inside of the fiber relative to the surface of component B, and is recessed toward the inside of the fiber, and the bottom of the groove is the surface of component A, The side portion is the surface of component B.

The cross-sectional shape of the bicomponent fiber of the present invention will be explained below with reference to the drawings. FIGS. 1 and 2 show preferred examples of the two-component conjugate fiber of the present invention, in which the eight components are divided into three and five parts, respectively, depending on the A component. A component is the bottom, B
Three grooves and five grooves, each having a side component, are formed at substantially equal intervals. The A component is a radial shape with approximately equal width and equally spaced intervals. In this way, it is preferable that the grooves are substantially equally spaced on the fiber surface because the groove effect can be easily exhibited. The fact that the A component has approximately the same width makes it possible to make a relatively small reduction in the △ component even if the conjugate fiber is subjected to a large weight loss treatment when producing the two-component conjugate fiber of the present invention, which will be described later. This is preferable because it can exhibit stable and good power training properties.

A tangent line is drawn to the outer surface of the composite fiber at the entrance of the groove, and the distance between two points that intersect with the tangent line is the line segment M connecting the ends of the side surfaces of the groove at the entrance of the groove, and the B component excluding these both sides. The cross-sectional shape assuming that there are no grooves formed with the fiber surface is a multi-lobed shape, and the fact that the line segment M corresponds to the multi-lobed convex portion with the same positional relationship is due to the groove effect, especially It is preferable because it imparts an elegant silk-like luster. In this case, the preferred number of leaves is 3 to 8, more preferably 3 to 6.

In order to exhibit a good groove effect, the line segment M1, that is, the entrance of the groove, preferably ranges from 0.4 to 4 μ, more preferably from 0°6 to 3 μ. Similarly, the depth of the groove, that is, the length of the perpendicular line drawn from the point closest to the fiber center of gravity at the bottom of the groove to the line segment M, is preferably in the range of 0.3 to 2°5μ, and 0.5μ.
The range of 1.8μ is more preferable. If the groove depth exceeds 2.5 μm, the coloring property tends to decrease.

Next, the block polyether amide to be added and mixed with component A as a charging agent will be explained. Block polyether amide is a block copolymer of polyalkylene ether and polyamide, and in order to impart good antistatic properties to composite fibers, polyalkylene ether with molecules ff11
．． 000 or more polyethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, a copolymer of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide, etc. are preferred. Among them, molecular weight 3
．． 000 to 8,000 polyethylene glycols are suitable. The polyamide segments that make up block polyetheramide are nylon 6, nylon 8, and nylon 1.
2. It is a homopolyamide such as nylon 66 and nylon 610, or a copolymer containing these or other copolymer components, and is a homo or copolyamide produced by a polycondensation reaction of polyamide-forming components. The weight ratio of polyalkylene ether segments to polyamide segments in the block polyether amide is 30 to 70 fibers to 0.
It is preferable to contain it in an amount of 1 to 5% by weight. 0.1% by weight
This is because if the amount is less than 5% by weight, the antistatic property is extremely small, and if it is more than 5% by weight, the effect of improving the power training performance is saturated and the SN characteristics tend to deteriorate. In addition, when it is added to the A component of the block polyether amide, it is preferably 201% by weight or less based on the polyester forming the A component from the viewpoint of fiber properties and anti-frosting properties.
More preferably, the content is 5% by weight or less.

Polyesters forming component A and component A include terephthalic acid, isophthalic acid, phthalic acid, naphthalene-2,6-
Aromatic dicarboxylic acids such as dicarboxylic acids, aliphatic dicarboxylic acids such as acetic acid, dipic acid, and sebacic acid, or esters thereof, and ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, 1°4-butanediol, and neopentyl glycol.

It is a polyester synthesized from a diol compound such as cyclohexane-1,4-dimetatool, and particularly preferred is a polyester in which 80 mol% or more of the structural units are ethylene terephthalate units.

In addition, the above polyester components include polyalkylene glycol, glycerin, and pentaerythritol.

Methoxypolyalkylene glycol, bisphenol A
, sulfoisophthalic acid, etc. may be added or copolymerized.

Among these polyesters, when a polyester in which an isophthalic acid component having a metal sulfonate group is copolymerized as component B, it is possible not only to make the two-component fibers dyeable by cations, but also to make them resistant. It exhibits a remarkable effect in improving frosting properties. In order to impart cationic dyeability and improve anti-frosting properties, the amount is preferably in the range of 0.8 to 3.0 mol% based on the polyester forming component B of inphthalic acid having a metal sulfonate group. . If the copolymerization zone of isophthalic acid having 1-metal sulfone group increases, the cationic dyeability increases, but the strength of the two-component composite fiber tends to decrease.
The isophthalic acid component having a metal sulfonate group is Q, F
3-3. Q mol% and molecular weight is 100 to 5,0
It is more preferable to use a polyester obtained by copolymerizing 0.3 to 10% by weight of the glycol component of No. 00, and even more preferably the degree of polymerization is 80 to 100.

In the present invention, the isophthalic acid component having a metal sulfonate group is a compound represented by the following formula, and specifically, dimethyl (5-sodium sulfo) isophthalate, bis-2- and droxyethyl (5-sodium sulfo) isophthalate. , bis-4-hydroxybutyl (5-sodium sulfo) isophthalate, and the like.

(However, M represents an alkali metal such as Na1Li,
A and A'' represent 10H3 or -(CH2)nOH.

n represents an integer of 2 or more. ) Preferred isophthalic acid components having metal sulfonate groups include dimethyl (5-sodium sulfo) isophthalate and bis-2-hydroxyethyl (5-sodium sulfo) isophthalic acid.

If the molecular weight of the glycol component is less than 100, the effect of improving dyeability will be small and undesirable. Also, the molecular weight is 5,000
A glycol component in excess of the above range is undesirable because the light fastness of the dyed fiber obtained from the polymer copolymerized with the glycol component decreases. A more preferable molecular weight of the glycol component is 120
-4,000, particularly preferably 120-1,00
It is 0. Glycol components with molecules of 1io0 to 5,000 include neopentyl glycol, 1,4-butanediol, 1,5-bentanediol, 1,6-hexanediol, 1,4-cyclohexanediol, 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol. , bisphenol-ethylene oxide adducts, and polyalkylene glycols represented by the following formulas.

A ((/Z H271O) x H Al, tCg H20+I O or HaOH1Ω is 1 to 1
0, n is 2 to 5, and m is 2 to 65. A more preferable glycol component is polyalkylene glycol. This is because polyalkylene glycol has a greater viscosity reducing effect than other glycols, so the degree of polymerization is 8.
This is because it is more advantageous than other glycols in obtaining polymers with a molecular weight of 0 to 100.

The copolymerization amount of the glycol component is preferably 0.3 to 10% by weight based on the resulting polyester. If the amount is less than this range, the effect of improving dyeing property will be small, and if it is more than this range, the physical properties and heat resistance will be greatly deteriorated. Therefore, the range of 0.4-7% by weight is more preferable.

When the B component is a polyester copolymerized with an isophthalic acid component having a metal sulfonate group, it is recommended that the polyamide segment ω in the block polyether amide added to the Δ component be 0.5% by weight or more based on the A component. It is preferable from the viewpoint of frosting properties, and a range of 1.0 to 10% by weight is more preferable because better anti-frosting properties can be obtained than when the bicomponent composite fibers are all made of polyethylene terephthalate.

The ratio of the A component to the B component is preferably in the range of 4=96 to 40:60, and 6:94 in terms of weight, in order to create a groove shape that can exhibit a good vortex effect and provide good electrical conductivity.
The range of 35:65 is more preferable.

Next, a method for suitably producing the bicomponent composite fiber of the present invention will be explained. The bicomponent composite fiber of the present invention is A, which is a polyester mixed with block polyether amide.
A polyester bicomponent composite fiber in a shape in which component B is divided into a plurality of pieces is spun by a composite spinning method, stretched as necessary, and then made into a fibrous, preferably woven or knitted fabric.
It can be suitably produced by dissolving and removing some of the components.

The two-component composite spun fiber is divided into spun pieces by applying the known composite spinning apparatus proposed by the present inventors and has a multilobal shape. A including the vicinity of the apex of the multi-lobed shape
Preferably, the components are arranged. By dissolving and removing part of the A component from the three-lobed two-component composite spun fiber shown in FIG. 3 and the five-lobed composite spun fiber shown in FIG. 4, two-component composite areas as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 are obtained, respectively. fiber is obtained.

When part of the Δ component is dissolved and removed, it is inevitable that a part of the B component is also dissolved and removed. In any case, component A needs to have a faster dissolution rate than component B. For the dissolution and removal treatment, alkaline aqueous solution treatment, which is usually carried out on polyesters, can be suitably used. In order to obtain a two-component fiber with grooves having a vortex effect, component A needs to have a higher dissolution rate than component B, preferably 2.0 times or more, more preferably 2.5 times or more. It is known that when a block polyether amide is added and mixed with polyester, the solubility in an alkaline aqueous solution increases. The present invention is an attempt to make effective use of the characteristics that polyester mixed with block polyether amide has 111 electroconductivity and is easily soluble in aqueous alkaline solutions. To make component △ 2.0 times more easily soluble in alkaline aqueous solutions than component B, if the polyesters forming component A and component B are of the same type, add block polyether amide to component A in double percent. However, when the polyester of component B is a polyester copolymerized with an isophthalic acid component having a metal sulfonate group, the more the amount of copolymerization of the isophthalic acid component having a metal sulfonate group is increased, the more the polyester becomes resistant to an alkaline aqueous solution. It is known to increase solubility. Therefore, when the polyester of component B is a polyester copolymerized with an isophthalic acid component having a metal sulfonate group, in order to form grooves that exhibit a vortex effect, (wt% of block polyether amide in component Δ)/( The copolymerization mole % of the isophthalic acid component having a metal sulfonate group in component B is preferably in the range of 3 to 20.

The weight ratio of the A component and the B component in the two-component composite fiber is preferably in the range of 8:92 to 40:60, and 10:90 in order to obtain a good vortex effect in the two-component composite fiber.
The range of 35:65 is more preferable.

[Example] The present invention will be specifically explained with reference to Examples below, but the relative viscosity, intrinsic viscosity, degree of polymerization, electrical specific resistance,
The frictional charging voltage, alkali treatment weight loss rate, and anti-frosting property were measured using the following methods.

Δ: Relative viscosity of a block polyether amide composition A sample was dissolved in 70% chloral hydrate to give a concentration of 1%, and this was measured at 25°C using an Ostwald viscometer.

B. Intrinsic viscosity of polyester This is the value measured at 25°C using an Ostwald viscometer after dissolving a sample in an orthochlorophenol solvent.

C0 degree of polymerization The degree of polymerization was calculated by determining the number of terminal groups per unit weight by a commonly used method and using the following formula.

Degree of polymerization = (2x106)/[number of terminal groups (co/106g)
After washing in an electric washing machine for 2 hours in an aqueous solution containing the average molecular weight of X polymer, the sample was washed with water and dried. Next, the sample was drawn into a fiber bundle with a length (L) of 5 cm and a fineness (D) of 1,000 denier.
After controlling the temperature and humidity at 40% R for 2 days at a temperature of 40% R, the resistance of the sample was measured with an applied voltage of 500 V using a gestational volume Q-type micropotential measuring device and calculated using the following formula.

ρ = (RXD) / (9X105XLXd) ρ: Volume resistivity (Ω・cm) R = Resistance (Ω) d = Sample density (CJ/cm> D = Fineness (denier) L = Sample length (d) E , Friction electrification Kyoto University Kaken type rotary stabilizer (manufactured by Koa Shokai) was used to prepare the cloth to be rubbed, scouring,
Bleached silk plain weave Kanakin No. 3 (Weight: 100g/m2)
using, rotor rotation speed 400 rpm, applied voltage 100
(2) Values measured in an atmosphere with a temperature of 20° C. and a relative viscosity of 30%.

F, alkali treatment weight loss rate fiber made into a woven or knitted fabric containing soda ash 19/Ω and sanded G-29 [Sanyo Chemical ■] 13/Ω 80
It was scoured for 20 minutes in warm water at a temperature of 0.degree. C., then washed with water and dried.

Approximately 2 g of the dried woven fabric or knitted fabric was accurately weighed and treated in a 3% caustic soda aqueous solution at a bath ratio of 1:125.98 to 100° C. for a predetermined period of time. After the treatment, the sample was washed with hot water, rinsed with water, rinsed with water, dried, and then accurately weighed, and the weight loss rate was calculated using the following formula.

Weight loss rate (%) = [(Wo-W+)/Wa, IW
o: weight of alkali-treated surface Wl: weight after alkali treatment Gl Frosting property Figure 5 shows a schematic diagram of the anti-frosting property test area.

A wet sample (dyed knitted fabric) 1 is attached to the head 3 using the holder 4 so that the friction area with the friction cloth 2 is 12.5 cm, and the sum of the loads @ 5 is 7503 cm.
so that it becomes

On the other hand, a friction table 6 is attached via anti-slip sandpaper 7, eccentrically rotated at 85 rpm, and after friction is performed for 10 minutes, the sample 1 is removed and the degree of frosting is judged with the naked eye.

That is, when frosting occurs, the rubbed part looks whiter than the unrubbed part, so we observed how the rubbed part looked white and judged it in the following 5 stages.

Grade 5: Frosting is not acceptable.

Grade 4: Slight frosting The degree to which it can be done.

Grade 3: Slight frosting is observed. Ru.

Grade 2: Frosting is quite noticeable.

Grade 1: Frosting is noticeably visible. It will be done.

Of the above, grades 3 and above are considered passing levels.

Example 1 A block polyetheramide composition with a relative viscosity of 2.10 as the A component polyester (weight ratio of polyethylene glycol with a molecular weight of 5° OOO/nylon 6 segments 1/
A mixture of composition No. 1) and polyethylene terephthalate having an intrinsic viscosity of 0.63 in a weight ratio of 1/9 was used. Limit viscosity ff as component B polyester? 0.63
Level 1 is a composite fiber using polyethylene terephthalate. As the B component polyester, 5-sodium thorium sulfoisophthalic acid (2.4 mol%)/terephthal M (
Level 2 is a composite fiber using a copolymerized polyester with a degree of polymerization of 78, which is formed from ethylene glycol (97.6 mol%) and ethylene glycol. Polymerization in which the acid component is terephthalic acid (98.4 mol%), 5-sodium sulfoisophthalic acid (1.6 mol%) as the B component polyester, and the glycol component is ethylene glycol and polyethylene glycol with a molecular weight of 16000 (5% by weight). Level 3 is a composite fiber using polyester with a degree of 92. The B component polyesters of levels 1 and 2.3 have approximately the same melt viscosity, and the dissolution rate ratio of the B component polyester to the A component polyester in an alkaline aqueous solution is 10.3 and 5.3 times, respectively. The B component polyesters of levels 2 and 3 exhibit equivalent cationic dyeability. Spinning temperature: 295°C, spinning speed: 1,
200 m/min, and the weight ratio of A component: B component is 80.
: 20 was a polyester two-component composite spun fiber as shown in FIG. This °1 drawn thin yarn was drawn according to a conventional method to obtain a drawn yarn of 75 denier and 36 filaments.

Habutae was woven with a warp density of 112 threads/inch and a weft thread density of 92 threads/inch, and an aqueous alkaline solution (Ha01+2(
Reduction processing was performed at EJ/Ω, 98°C>.

In order to obtain substantially similar groove shapes as shown in FIG. 1 at levels 1, 2 and 3, the weight loss rates were set to 15 and 28.30%, respectively. The weight loss rate of component A alone is 13 and 10.11, respectively.
%. Typical yarn and fabric properties are shown in Table 1. All fabrics had the dry touch, creakiness, luster, and antistatic properties of silk. However, in level 1, the anti-frosting property was at the lower limit and weight loss could not be maintained any further, and the drapability and fluffiness were somewhat insufficient. At level 2, the anti-frosting property is good, but the strength of the medium-thickness yarn of the fabric is small, making it somewhat lacking in practicality. Level 3 was a silk-like fabric that had 70 sting resistance and acceptable strength, and had practicality as well as texture and appearance.

[Effect of the invention] As described above, the present invention has two types of polyester components A and B.
A two-component composite fiber composed of two components, in which a plurality of continuous grooves are formed, and the bottom of the groove is the A component, and a specific antistatic agent is added and mixed to the A component.

Dry touch based on the formation of clear grooves,
It is possible to have a squeaky texture, good color development, and gloss. Good antistatic properties can be imparted by adding and mixing a specific electrostatic agent to component A. In particular, since the A component forms a part of the two-component composite fiber, it is possible to impart a significantly greater electrophoretic effect than when the A component does not form the fiber surface.

A polyester copolymerized with an isophthalic acid component having a metal sulfonate group can be used as component B. In this case, it is possible to not only impart cationic dyeability and good coloring properties, but also improve frosting resistance. can. Furthermore, by specifying the polyester of component B, it is possible to obtain a highly color-forming material with excellent light resistance and strength properties.

As described above, the polyester two-component composite fiber of the present invention can be made into a woven or knitted fabric having multiple functions, and is particularly suitable for use in high stitch silk-like woven or knitted fabrics.

Furthermore, when producing the polyester bicomponent composite fiber of the present invention, it is not necessary to use special equipment and it can be produced stably without special processing conditions.

In particular, when forming grooves by weight reduction treatment after making the woven or knitted fabric, it is possible to perform a large weight loss process of 15 to 35%, which not only forms clear grooves but also gives the woven or knitted fabric good drapability and softness. It is possible to give a feeling of texture, fullness, etc.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

1 and 2 show preferred examples of the cross-sectional shape of the bicomponent composite fiber of the present invention, and FIGS. 3 and 4 show the cross-sectional shape of the bicomponent spun fiber of the present invention. No preferred example is shown, and FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an anti-frosting property test. A...A component B...B component Patent applicant Toshi Co., Ltd. Figure 1 Figure 2
Figure 6 Figure 4 Figure 5

Claims (3)

[Claims] (1) The B component is divided into multiple parts by the A component, and
A polyester bicomponent conjugate fiber in which the components form the bottoms of grooves continuous in the fiber longitudinal direction, characterized in that component A is polyester mixed with block polyether amide. (2) The polyester bicomponent composite fiber according to claim (1), wherein component B is a polyester copolymerized with an isophthalic acid component having a metal sulfonate group. (3) Component B contains 0.8 to 3.0 mol% of an isophthalic acid component having a metal sulfonate group, and has a molecular weight of 100 to 5.
The polyester bicomponent composite fiber according to claim (2), which is a polyester obtained by copolymerizing 0.3 to 10% by weight of a glycol component of 0.000.