JPS62256929A - Method for recovering platinum group element from spent catalyst - Google Patents

Method for recovering platinum group element from spent catalyst

Info

Publication number
JPS62256929A
JPS62256929A JP61098635A JP9863586A JPS62256929A JP S62256929 A JPS62256929 A JP S62256929A JP 61098635 A JP61098635 A JP 61098635A JP 9863586 A JP9863586 A JP 9863586A JP S62256929 A JPS62256929 A JP S62256929A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
platinum group
base metal
chloride
group elements
spent catalyst
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
JP61098635A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Toru Shoji
亨 庄司
Chihiro Nakanishi
中西 千博
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Tanaka Kikinzoku Kogyo KK
Original Assignee
Tanaka Kikinzoku Kogyo KK
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Tanaka Kikinzoku Kogyo KK filed Critical Tanaka Kikinzoku Kogyo KK
Priority to JP61098635A priority Critical patent/JPS62256929A/en
Publication of JPS62256929A publication Critical patent/JPS62256929A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/20Recycling

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  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)

Abstract

PURPOSE:To conveniently and efficiently recover platinum group elements from a spent catalyst by introducing gaseous chlorine while heating the spent catalyst contg. platinum group elements in the presence of carbon, converting the oxide of the base metal in the spent catalyst into the chloride, and evaporating and separating the chloride. CONSTITUTION:The spent catalyst contg. platinum group elements and/or their oxides and the oxide of the base metal is mixed with carbon, and the obtained mixture 1 is charged in a chloride-forming vessel 4. Gaseous chlorine or a mixture of gaseous chlorine and a reducing gas is introduced from an inlet pipe 5 through glass fiber 3 at the bottom of the vessel 4 while heating the mixture 1 by an electric furnace 2. The heating temp. is controlled to a temp. higher than the dissociation temp. of the chlorides of the platinum group elements at >=400 deg.C and higher than the b.p. of the chloride of the base metal. Consequently, the platinum group elements, their oxides, and the oxide of the base metal are converted into the chlorides, and then the chloride of the base metal is evaporated and collected in a solid body trap 6. Meanwhile, the chlorides of the platinum group elements are easily dissociated under low chlorine partial pressure, and the platinum group elements are recovered as the metals.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 (産業上の利用分野) 本発明の方法は、白金族および/又は、白金族酸化物お
よび基体金属酸化物の塩化物化反応と白金族塩化物の解
離反応および基体金属塩化物の揮発分離とを全て行うこ
とによる廃触媒からの白金族の回収方法に係るものであ
る。
Detailed Description of the Invention (Industrial Application Field) The method of the present invention comprises a chlorination reaction of a platinum group metal and/or a platinum group oxide and a base metal oxide, a dissociation reaction of the platinum group chloride, and a chlorination reaction of a platinum group oxide and a base metal oxide. The present invention relates to a method for recovering platinum group metals from a waste catalyst by performing the volatile separation of chlorides.

(従来の技術とその問題点) 従来より、アルミナ、シリカ、ジルコニア等の金属酸化
物基体上に白金、パラジウム、ルテニウム、ロジウム等
の白金族担持した触媒は自動車の排ガスの浄化、石油化
学工業用などに大量に使用されている。
(Conventional technology and its problems) Catalysts that support platinum group metals such as platinum, palladium, ruthenium, and rhodium on metal oxide substrates such as alumina, silica, and zirconia have traditionally been used for purification of automobile exhaust gas and for the petrochemical industry. It is used in large quantities.

このような触媒は、使用中に白金族の活性が低下し、一
定の性能を維持できなくなった際には新しい触媒に取り
替える必要がある。
When the activity of the platinum group metal in such a catalyst decreases during use and a certain level of performance cannot be maintained, it is necessary to replace it with a new catalyst.

こうした使用済の触媒中には面相当量の高価な白金族が
残存し、これを回収し有効利用することは工業上重要で
ある。
A surface-equivalent amount of expensive platinum group metals remains in these used catalysts, and it is industrially important to recover and effectively utilize them.

従来の方法としては、硫酸溶解法・王水溶解法等がある
がこれらの方法は溶解工程に長時間の処理を要する。
Conventional methods include a sulfuric acid dissolution method and an aqua regia dissolution method, but these methods require a long dissolution process.

また基体金属酸化物をも液中に入れるため、大型の装置
が必要となり、さらに白金族と基体金属を分離する際、
基体金属水酸化物が析出することや、洗浄に大量の水を
必要とする為、効率が悪く工業的に最適な回収方法とは
言えない。
In addition, since the base metal oxide is also put into the liquid, large-scale equipment is required, and when separating the platinum group metal and the base metal,
Since the base metal hydroxide precipitates and a large amount of water is required for washing, it is inefficient and cannot be said to be an industrially optimal recovery method.

(発明の目的) 本発明は、叙上の事情に鑑みなされたもので、その目的
は、廃触媒から白金族を簡便かつ効率良く回収する方法
を提供することにある。
(Objective of the Invention) The present invention was made in view of the above circumstances, and its object is to provide a method for simply and efficiently recovering platinum group metals from a spent catalyst.

(発明の構成) 本発明は、白金族を回収する方法において、白金族およ
び/又はその酸化物と基体金属酸化物を含む廃触媒をカ
ーボンの存在下で塩素ガス又は還元性ガスと塩素ガスと
の混合ガスを流しながら加熱することより、基体金属酸
化物及び白金族又はその酸化物を塩化物に変える。そし
て塩素分圧と温度を利用して、白金族塩化物のみを金属
状態まで解離させた後、分離回収することを特徴とする
(Structure of the Invention) The present invention provides a method for recovering platinum group metals, in which a waste catalyst containing a platinum group metal and/or its oxide and a base metal oxide is treated with chlorine gas or a reducing gas and chlorine gas in the presence of carbon. The base metal oxide and the platinum group metal or its oxide are converted into chlorides by heating while flowing a mixed gas of. The method is characterized in that only platinum group chlorides are dissociated into a metallic state using chlorine partial pressure and temperature, and then separated and recovered.

塩化物化においては白金族および/又はその酸化物と基
体金属を含む回収物をカーボンの存在下で、塩素を流し
ながら加熱すると、白金族および/又はその酸化物と基
体金属酸化物は塩化物に変わるが、その回収物が塩素量
に対して過剰にあると塩素はほぼ完全に反応し、塩素分
圧が微小となり、白金族塩化物は容易に解離反応を起こ
し白金族になる。
In chloridation, when a recovered material containing platinum group metals and/or their oxides and base metals is heated in the presence of carbon while flowing chlorine, the platinum group metals and/or their oxides and base metal oxides are converted to chlorides. However, if the recovered material is in excess of the amount of chlorine, the chlorine will react almost completely, the chlorine partial pressure will be minute, and the platinum group chloride will easily undergo a dissociation reaction to become a platinum group metal.

一般的に使用される基体金属の塩化物は容易に解離反応
を起こさす又、白金族塩化物の解離温度が基体金属塩化
物の沸点以上になるような塩素分圧にすることは容易で
、基体金属塩化物を気体相として反応系外へ運び出すこ
とができる。
Commonly used base metal chlorides easily cause dissociation reactions, and it is easy to set the chlorine partial pressure such that the dissociation temperature of platinum group chlorides is higher than the boiling point of the base metal chloride. The base metal chloride can be carried out of the reaction system as a gas phase.

反応部分の温度は600°C以上程度の行うのが好まし
い。
The temperature of the reaction part is preferably about 600°C or higher.

これより低い温度では長時間を要したり、塩素化が完全
に行われないことがあるとともに、反応部分で塩化物化
が完全に行われず、塩素分圧の高い状態で保持されると
白金族塩化物が金属状態に解離出来ず蒸発して系外へ出
てしまう恐れがある。
If the temperature is lower than this, it may take a long time or chlorination may not be completed completely, and if the reaction part is not completely chlorinated and the chlorine partial pressure is kept high, platinum group chloride will be formed. There is a risk that the substance will not be able to dissociate into a metallic state and will evaporate and leave the system.

ここで反応部分の温度は600℃以上が好ましいが、塩
化物化反応が発熱反応である場合、加熱温度が600℃
未満であっても反応熱により600°C以上に保持する
ことは可能である。
Here, the temperature of the reaction part is preferably 600°C or higher, but if the chloridation reaction is an exothermic reaction, the heating temperature is 600°C or higher.
Even if the temperature is lower than 600°C, it is possible to maintain the temperature at 600°C or higher due to the heat of reaction.

しかし、加熱温度が400℃未満になると塩化物化反応
が起こりにくく、それによる発熱が期待できなくなる。
However, when the heating temperature is less than 400°C, the chloride reaction is difficult to occur, and the resulting heat generation cannot be expected.

カーボンの存在下で還元ガスと塩素ガスの混合ガス流下
で加熱する理由は、カーボン又は還元ガスの酸化により
酸素分圧を低(し反応の平衡をずらし、反応を促進させ
るためである。
The reason for heating under a mixed gas flow of reducing gas and chlorine gas in the presence of carbon is to lower the oxygen partial pressure (by oxidizing the carbon or reducing gas), shift the reaction equilibrium, and accelerate the reaction.

なお、白金族および基体金属の代表的な塩化物の諸生質
は以下の通りである。
In addition, typical chloride substances of platinum group and base metals are as follows.

PtCAz  解離塩素圧 570℃ 447 llH
gPtCL     //     365°C247
nl1gP d Ce 25Q5℃  12 ** l
(g〃730°C324ml1g Ru Cl :l           〃     
      450℃      24*n11g〃 
                   〃     
      740°C389m1+1gRhCff:
+         780℃  84mm11g〃9
30℃ 589++nt1g AりC13昇華点   182.7℃ ZrCN4沸点 331℃ S iCE 4        57.57℃(実施例
1) 廃触媒(AlzOz、Pt0.04讐t%、P d O
,058−t%)10kgを粉砕し、カーボン粉末4.
25kgを混合し、図に示す如(この混合物1を底部に
ガラス繊維3を装着した塩化物化容器4中に入れ、電気
炉2により塩化物化容器4を1000℃に加熱し、塩素
ガスを塩素ガス導入管5からl□jl!/min流すこ
とにより基体金属酸化物を塩化物にして蒸発させ、それ
を固体トラップ6により捕捉した。
PtCAz dissociated chlorine pressure 570℃ 447 llH
gPtCL // 365°C247
nl1gP d Ce 25Q5℃ 12 ** l
(g〃730°C324ml1g Ru Cl :l 〃
450℃ 24*n11g〃

740°C389m1+1gRhCff:
+780℃ 84mm11g〃9
30°C 589++nt1g AlC13 sublimation point 182.7°C ZrCN4 boiling point 331°C SiCE 4 57.57°C (Example 1) Spent catalyst (AlzOz, Pt0.04%, P d O
,058-t%) was ground to obtain carbon powder 4.
25 kg, as shown in the figure (this mixture 1 was placed in a chloride container 4 equipped with glass fiber 3 at the bottom, the chloride container 4 was heated to 1000°C with an electric furnace 2, and the chlorine gas was By flowing l□jl!/min from the inlet tube 5, the base metal oxide was converted into chloride and evaporated, which was captured by the solid trap 6.

これを8時間続けた後、残材料を取り出し、比重分離に
より、未反応材料、カーボン粉末を分離して金属状Pt
、Pd粉末を回収したところ、回収率は99%以上で回
収された金属状Pt、Pdを定性分析した結果、A!は
ほとんど含まれていなかった。
After continuing this process for 8 hours, the remaining material was taken out and the unreacted material and carbon powder were separated by specific gravity separation to produce metallic Pt.
When Pd powder was collected, the recovery rate was over 99%.As a result of qualitative analysis of the recovered metallic Pt and Pd, A! was hardly included.

(実施例2) 触媒(A I!203/ S i O□ 50 : 5
0、Pt0.04袈t%、Pd0.05匈t%、Rho
、01wt%)2に+rを粉砕しカーボン粉末850g
を混合し図に示す如くこの混合物1を底部にガラス繊維
3を装着した塩化物化容器4申入れ、電気炉2により塩
化物化容器4を1000°Cに加熱し、塩素ガスを塩素
ガス導入管5から10j!/min流すことにより基体
金属酸化物を塩化物にして蒸発させ、それを固体トラッ
プ6により捕1足した。
(Example 2) Catalyst (A I!203/S i O□ 50: 5
0, Pt0.04 t%, Pd0.05 t%, Rho
, 01wt%) 2 and +r and 850g of carbon powder
As shown in the figure, this mixture 1 is placed in a chloride container 4 equipped with glass fiber 3 at the bottom, heated to 1000°C using an electric furnace 2, and chlorine gas is introduced from a chlorine gas introduction pipe 5. 10j! /min to evaporate the base metal oxide into chloride, which was captured by the solid trap 6.

これを、8時間続けた後、残材料を取り出し比重分離に
より、未反応材料、カーボン粉末を分離して金属状Pt
、Pd、Rh粉末を回収したところ回収率は99%以上
で、回収された金属状pt、Pd、Rhを定性分析した
結果、Aj!、Siはほとんど含まれていなかった。
After continuing this for 8 hours, the remaining material was taken out and the unreacted material and carbon powder were separated by specific gravity separation, and the metal-like Pt was removed.
, Pd, and Rh powders were recovered, and the recovery rate was over 99%.As a result of qualitative analysis of the recovered metallic pt, Pd, and Rh powders, Aj! , almost no Si was included.

(従来例) 廃触媒(ANzOz、P t 0.04wt%、Pd0
.058−t%)10kgを王水中で溶解し、濾過によ
りPt、Pd王水液を取り出す方法で行ったところ、回
収率は95%であった。
(Conventional example) Waste catalyst (ANzOz, Pt 0.04wt%, Pd0
.. When Pt and Pd aqua regia liquid was taken out by filtration, the recovery rate was 95%.

しかし、回収効率を高くするため、濾過の際の洗浄等で
液量が大幅に増える等の問題がある。
However, in order to increase the recovery efficiency, there is a problem that the amount of liquid increases significantly due to cleaning during filtration.

(発明の効果) 以上詳述のように、本発明によれば従来例に比し、効率
良く、白金族金属を金属基体酸化物から分離回収するこ
とができ、しかも従来のように多段の湿式処理工程を必
要としないため、経済的にしかも短時間で回収すること
ができるという効果がある。
(Effects of the Invention) As described in detail above, according to the present invention, platinum group metals can be separated and recovered from metal base oxides more efficiently than conventional methods, and moreover, it is possible to separate and recover platinum group metals from metal base oxides using a multi-stage wet method as compared to conventional methods. Since no treatment process is required, it is economical and can be recovered in a short period of time.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of drawings]

図面は本発明の廃触媒からの白金族の回収方法に用いる
回収装置の概略図である。
The drawing is a schematic diagram of a recovery device used in the method for recovering platinum group metals from waste catalysts of the present invention.

Claims (3)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] (1)白金族および/又はその酸化物と基体金属酸化物
を含む廃触媒をカーボンの存在下で加熱しながら塩素ガ
ス又は塩素ガスと還元性ガスの混合ガスを流すことによ
り基体金属酸化物を塩化物にして蒸発分離することを特
徴とする廃触媒からの白金族の回収方法。
(1) A waste catalyst containing a platinum group metal and/or its oxide and a base metal oxide is heated in the presence of carbon while flowing chlorine gas or a mixed gas of chlorine gas and a reducing gas to remove the base metal oxide. A method for recovering platinum group metals from waste catalysts, which is characterized by converting them into chlorides and separating them by evaporation.
(2)加熱温度が白金族塩化物の解離温度以上で、かつ
基体金属塩化物の沸点以上の温度であることを特徴とす
る特許請求の範囲の第1項記載の方法。
(2) The method according to claim 1, wherein the heating temperature is higher than the dissociation temperature of the platinum group chloride and higher than the boiling point of the base metal chloride.
(3)加熱温度が400℃以上であることを特徴とする
特許請求の範囲第1項又は第2項記載の方法。
(3) The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the heating temperature is 400°C or higher.
JP61098635A 1986-04-28 1986-04-28 Method for recovering platinum group element from spent catalyst Pending JPS62256929A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP61098635A JPS62256929A (en) 1986-04-28 1986-04-28 Method for recovering platinum group element from spent catalyst

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP61098635A JPS62256929A (en) 1986-04-28 1986-04-28 Method for recovering platinum group element from spent catalyst

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPS62256929A true JPS62256929A (en) 1987-11-09

Family

ID=14224962

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP61098635A Pending JPS62256929A (en) 1986-04-28 1986-04-28 Method for recovering platinum group element from spent catalyst

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPS62256929A (en)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS63243230A (en) * 1987-03-31 1988-10-11 Tanaka Kikinzoku Kogyo Kk Method for recovering platinum group from waste catalyst
US4960573A (en) * 1988-01-22 1990-10-02 Takeshi Okutani Recovering method of catalytic component and carrier from waste catalyst
KR100367708B1 (en) * 2000-05-29 2003-01-10 희성엥겔하드주식회사 Recovery method of platinum group metals from spent catalyst
KR100367710B1 (en) * 2000-05-29 2003-01-10 희성엥겔하드주식회사 Recovery method of platinum group metals from spent active carbon catalyst
CN110724822A (en) * 2019-11-27 2020-01-24 北京科技大学 Method for recovering platinum group metals by trapping-crushing iron-based alloy

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS6198641A (en) * 1984-10-19 1986-05-16 Ichikoh Ind Ltd Liquid crystal type dazzle preventive mirror
JPS6198640A (en) * 1984-10-19 1986-05-16 Ichikoh Ind Ltd Dazzle preventive mirror device
JPS6198639A (en) * 1984-10-19 1986-05-16 Yamaha Motor Co Ltd Operational conditions supervisory unit for vehicle
JPS6198638A (en) * 1984-10-19 1986-05-16 Hiromi Nozue Hard brake indication device for two-wheeled vehicle
JPS6198637A (en) * 1984-10-18 1986-05-16 Kyokuto Kaihatsu Kogyo Co Ltd Container for transportation
JPS6198642A (en) * 1984-10-17 1986-05-16 Akira Kaminaga Motor-operated rising/falling mirror

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS6198642A (en) * 1984-10-17 1986-05-16 Akira Kaminaga Motor-operated rising/falling mirror
JPS6198637A (en) * 1984-10-18 1986-05-16 Kyokuto Kaihatsu Kogyo Co Ltd Container for transportation
JPS6198641A (en) * 1984-10-19 1986-05-16 Ichikoh Ind Ltd Liquid crystal type dazzle preventive mirror
JPS6198640A (en) * 1984-10-19 1986-05-16 Ichikoh Ind Ltd Dazzle preventive mirror device
JPS6198639A (en) * 1984-10-19 1986-05-16 Yamaha Motor Co Ltd Operational conditions supervisory unit for vehicle
JPS6198638A (en) * 1984-10-19 1986-05-16 Hiromi Nozue Hard brake indication device for two-wheeled vehicle

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS63243230A (en) * 1987-03-31 1988-10-11 Tanaka Kikinzoku Kogyo Kk Method for recovering platinum group from waste catalyst
US4960573A (en) * 1988-01-22 1990-10-02 Takeshi Okutani Recovering method of catalytic component and carrier from waste catalyst
KR100367708B1 (en) * 2000-05-29 2003-01-10 희성엥겔하드주식회사 Recovery method of platinum group metals from spent catalyst
KR100367710B1 (en) * 2000-05-29 2003-01-10 희성엥겔하드주식회사 Recovery method of platinum group metals from spent active carbon catalyst
CN110724822A (en) * 2019-11-27 2020-01-24 北京科技大学 Method for recovering platinum group metals by trapping-crushing iron-based alloy

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