JPS6225647Y2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] [Technical field of the invention] This invention desorbs the refrigerant adsorbed to a solid adsorbent by acquiring solar heat, condenses it into a liquid, and absorbs this liquefied refrigerant by cooling the solid adsorbent. evaporate,
The present invention relates to a solar thermal refrigeration device capable of performing a refrigeration action using the latent heat of evaporation.

[Technical background of the invention and its problems]

A commonly used refrigeration system circulates a refrigerant, such as fluorocarbon gas, in the order of compression, condensation, expansion, and evaporation, forming a so-called refrigeration cycle. A compressor that performs a compression action is integrally equipped with an electric motor section and is driven by electric energy. For this reason, the consumption of the above-mentioned electrical energy becomes large, especially during the summer, and has reached the point where it affects the electric power situation. Therefore, recently there has been a lot of research and development into using other power sources to perform the compression action. Examples include means for converting solar energy into electrical energy using photoelectric solar cells, and means for converting solar energy into mechanical energy such as a Rankine cycle engine, which drives a compressor. However, these methods cannot be fully effective without advanced energy concentrating technology or complex solar tracking technology, and it will take time to achieve high efficiency.

Furthermore, the compressor itself is a complicated mechanism and its manufacturing cost is high, and although various efforts have been made to improve compression efficiency, they are quickly reaching their limits. The mechanism that adiabatically expands the refrigerant also requires accurate matching according to the compression state, which requires adjustment and effort. If the gas is used for a long period of time, it will run out of gas, so it will be necessary to replenish it from time to time, making maintenance time-consuming. Since there are various other problems, the refrigeration cycle itself has been reviewed, and there is a demand for alternative refrigeration means.

By the way, ``zeolite'', a type of solid adsorbent, has recently attracted attention, especially in the United States, and refrigeration experiments using it have begun to be conducted. Zeolite has the property of being able to adsorb large amounts of cooling gases such as water vapor, ammonia, carbon dioxide, and Freon. However, since the heat of vaporization of water is greater than that of other common gases, the combination of zeolite and water is the most efficient. Zeolite-based refrigeration systems use naturally produced chaabasite or clinoptilolite as a solid adsorbent and water vapor as a refrigerant. In other words, zeolite absorbs solar heat and desorbs (releases) the water that has been adsorbed there. The moisture is led to the condenser, where it is condensed and liquefied, becoming water and being stored. When the zeolite cools down, such as during the night when solar heat cannot be obtained, the water adsorption effect begins. The water evaporates, turns into water vapor, and is absorbed by the zeolite. As it evaporates, it absorbs the latent heat of vaporization from the surrounding area, producing a freezing effect. In this case, the cooling effect is possible only during the time when solar heat cannot be obtained, but by adding a cold storage tank, for example, the cooling effect during the daytime is possible.

Therefore, there is no need for a complicated compression mechanism such as a refrigeration cycle or delicate matching, and there is no need for a power source, resulting in an extremely simple configuration. It has the advantage of requiring little maintenance, low running costs, and can be provided at a low price.

Although it is possible to obtain a cooling effect using this system, as it is still in the research stage, no specific configuration suitable for Japanese houses has yet been proposed, and commercialization is awaited.

[Purpose of invention]

The present invention aims to provide a solar thermal refrigeration system that is inexpensive, has low running costs, and provides efficient refrigeration.

[Summary of the idea]

The present invention includes a heat collecting duct, a filling body filled with a solid adsorbent that receives solar heat, and a metallic heat transfer element made of a large number of metal grains or fiber-like metals, and a heat collecting duct arranged inside a heat collecting housing. A condenser and an evaporator are connected to the packing body through a refrigerant pipe, and a baffle plate provided at the bottom of the heat collecting case surrounds the condenser and suspends the evaporator. It was designed to hold.

[Example of idea]

An embodiment of the present invention will be described below based on the drawings. Figures 1 to 3 show a solar thermal refrigeration system. Reference numeral 1 denotes a heat collecting case, which is a rectangular thin box whose upper surface (opening) is closed by overlapping a tempered glass plate 2 and a weather-resistant synthetic film 3 such as a polycarbonate film. Glass wool 4, which is a heat insulating material, is laid on the bottom of this interior.
Insulating materials 5, 5 such as wood or glass wool are provided along both sides in the longitudinal direction. A heat collecting duct plate 7 is provided on the glass wool 4, with a glass mat 6 serving as a heat insulating material interposed therebetween, which is curved in a corrugated cross-section in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction. The surface of the heat collecting duct plate 7 is treated with a selective absorption film to improve the absorption efficiency of solar heat. The opposing portions of the heat collecting duct plates 7 are open on both end faces in the longitudinal direction of the heat collecting casings 1, so that when a plurality of heat collecting casings 1 are placed adjacent to each other along the longitudinal direction, the openings 8a of the heat collecting duct plates 7 communicate with each other. It's getting old. A plurality of filling bodies 8 are arranged on the heat collecting duct plate 7 in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction. This filling body 8 is a glass tube or a metal tube with one end closed, and the inside has a diameter of about 1 to 5 m/m.
Zeolite particles 9, which are solid adsorbents, and numerous metal particles a, which are metallic heat transfer elements A, and fiber-like metal b
are mixed and filled. The other end is open and the filter 10 is fitted therein. The closing side end of each filling body 8 is supported by the heat insulating material 5 or the heat collecting case 1 via the support fitting 11, and the other end communicates with a chamber 12 provided along the longitudinal direction. A refrigerant pipe 13 extending to the outer bottom surface of the heat collecting case 1 is connected to the bottom surface of one end of the chamber 12 . The refrigerant pipes 13 extend in the longitudinal direction on the outer bottom surface of the heat collecting case 1, and a condenser 15 having a large number of fins 14 with narrow gaps therein is provided there. Furthermore, the refrigerant pipe 13 is bent downward and communicates with the evaporator 16. The evaporator 16 is a closed container whose circumferential surface is covered with a heat insulating material, and a coil-shaped heat exchanger 1 is installed inside the evaporator 16.
7 is accommodated. Then, the filling body 8, the chamber 1
2. The refrigerant pipe 13, the condenser 15, and the evaporator 16 are each connected in an airtight manner, and their interiors are maintained in a vacuum. Note that the condenser 15 is surrounded by a baffle plate 18 attached to the bottom surface of the heat collecting case 1. The baffle plate 18 is provided along the longitudinal direction of the heat collection case 1, which is the axial direction of the condenser 15, and a fitting 19 for fixing the evaporator 16 is further provided on the lower surface of the baffle plate 18. Therefore, the heat collecting case 1, the condenser 15 and the evaporator 16 are integrated into an integrated unit.

A solar thermal refrigeration system configured in this manner is used as a cooling system, for example, as shown in FIG. That is, a plurality of devices S... are arranged on the roof 20 of a house. To explain, the roof 20
The longitudinal direction of the heat collecting case 1 is aligned with the slope of the heat collecting case 1, and the end faces are brought into close contact with each other so that the openings 8a of the heat collecting case 1 are in communication with each other.
Each device S has a condenser 15 and an evaporator 16 integrated into one unit, so these can be connected to the roof 20.
protrude inward. Installation is very easy. The heat exchangers 17 in the respective evaporators 16 may be connected in series, in parallel, or in a reverse return manner via piping P, and communicate with the cold storage tank 21 and the circulation pump 22 to form a cold storage cycle. The cold storage tank 21 communicates with a cooler disposed in a living room (not shown) via piping provided with a circulation pump 23.

Next, the operation of the above embodiment will be explained. During sunlight irradiation, such as during the daytime in summer, the filling body 8 receives the sunlight irradiated through the tempered glass plate 2 and the weather-resistant synthetic film 3. The zeolite particles 9 filled in this absorb solar heat, and the adsorbed water is released. At this time, the metal particles a... and the fiber-like metal b store solar heat and transfer the heat to the zeolite particles 9. Therefore, solar heat is directly and indirectly transmitted to the zeolite particles 9, resulting in a good moisture removal effect. The moisture is led to the condenser 15 via the refrigerant pipe 13, where it exchanges heat with the air passed through the baffle plate 18 and is condensed and liquefied. The moisture completely changes to liquid (water) and collects in the evaporator 16. Since the adsorption efficiency of the zeolite particles 9 is high, water is continuously desorbed while solar heat is being obtained. Therefore, the amount of water in the evaporator 16 increases over time.

When sunlight is not irradiated, for example at night, the zeolite particles 9 no longer acquire sunlight,
There will be no further desorption of water. On the contrary, due to its nature,
The moisture collected in the evaporator 16 will be absorbed. The water evaporates and is adsorbed by the zeolite particles 9 via the refrigerant pipe 13. When water evaporates in the evaporator 16, it takes away the latent heat of vaporization and lowers the temperature inside the evaporator 16 to 0°C.
Do the following. The metal particles a and the fiber-like metal b cool the zeolite particles 9 and promote this water adsorption effect. At this time, if the circulation pump 22 is driven, the heat exchanger 17 is cooled, and the gas or liquid sealed in the cool storage tank 21 generates cold air or cold water.
Accumulates refrigerant, etc. This cooling effect can be achieved by driving the circulation pump 23 as needed during the day and circulating cold air to the cooler connected to the cold storage tank 21. The above-mentioned cold storage state continues while sunlight is not irradiating. If the zeolite particles 9 are irradiated with sunlight again, water will be desorbed from the zeolite particles 9 as described above.

[Effect of idea]

In the present invention, a heat collection duct is disposed inside a heat collection case, and a packing body filled with a solid adsorbent and a metallic heat transfer element made of a large number of metal particles or fiber metal is disposed. is connected to the condenser and evaporator via a refrigerant pipe, and a baffle plate is provided at the bottom of the heat collection housing to surround the condenser so that external air can easily pass through.
In addition, since the evaporator is suspended from this, the solar heat collection efficiency is improved, and the solar heat is excellently transferred to the solid adsorbent, and this water adsorption/desorption action can be uniform and smooth regardless of the filling location. Moreover, it has a simple structure, can be provided at a low price, and has the effect of providing efficient refrigeration with low running costs.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a partially cutaway plan view of a solar refrigeration system showing an embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a longitudinal sectional front view thereof, Fig. 3 is a longitudinal sectional side view thereof, and Fig. 4 is an explanatory diagram of cooling action. It is. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1... Heat collection housing, 8a... Opening part, 7... Heat collection duct plate, 9... Solid adsorbent (zeolite), a... Metal particles, b... Fiber-shaped metal, A... Metal heat transfer element, 8
...Filling body, 12...Chamber, 13...Refrigerant pipe, 15
... Condenser, 16... Evaporator, 18... Air guide plate.

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] A heat collecting casing with a heat insulating structure whose top opening is closed with a transparent member such as a glass plate, and a heat collecting duct plate arranged at the inner bottom of the heat collecting casing and communicating with the opening opening on the side of the heat collecting casing. and a plurality of packing bodies arranged at predetermined intervals on the upper surface of the heat collecting duct plate and each filled with a solid adsorbent that receives solar heat and a metallic heat transfer element made of a large number of metal particles or fiber metal. a chamber provided in the heat collection housing with which the openings at one ends of these filling bodies communicate; and a refrigerant pipe whose one end is connected to the chamber and whose midway part protrudes from the bottom surface of the heat collection housing and extends along the bottom. A condenser is provided in the middle of the refrigerant pipe, an evaporator is provided at the end of the refrigerant pipe, and the bottom of the heat collection housing surrounds the condenser so as to guide external air along the condenser, and the evaporator is suspended. 1. A solar thermal refrigeration device characterized by comprising a baffle plate having a