JPS62251991A - File accessing system for ic card - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To speed up and simplify file access by providing a file number control table on an equivalent basis with each area control cell of a directory and making a CPU find a corresponding area control cell from given file number referring to a table. CONSTITUTION:General control of a directory area ZD has a ZD whole size ZDS, forefront address of next registration cell NCA, and makes the registration of cells for file origination, and performs the area control of the file of a business control area ZA by a ZA forefront address ZAA, whole size ZAS and a forefront address of next registration file NFA. Each cell of ZD includes file number, starting relative address FSA of file in ZA, size FLS, formation, record from, length, etc. By this constitution, a CPU 1 can find a corresponding area control cell referring to the file number and a control table 2a. As search over whole control cell is not necessary, file access can be made high speed and simple.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] [Table of contents] Overview Industrial field of application Conventional technology Problems to be solved by the invention Means for solving the problems (Fig. 1) Example of operation (a) Example of one embodiment Explanation of the configuration (Figures 2 and 3) (bl
- Explanation of the operation of the embodiment (FIGS. 4 and 5) (C) Explanation of other embodiments Effects of the invention [Summary] Built-in processor and memory, set in the access device, connected to the access device IC that inputs and outputs data with
In the card, by providing in the memory a business area that can accommodate multiple files, a directory in which these management cells are provided, and a file number management table that shows the correspondence between file numbers and management cells, the business area can be expanded. This allows files to be accessed simply and quickly by file number.

[Industrial application field]

The present invention relates to a file access method in which an access device accesses a file in the memory using a file number in an IC card that has a built-in processor and memory, and in particular allows the processor of the IC card that receives the file number to access the file at high speed. This invention relates to a file access method for an IC card.

2. Description of the Related Art Cards with magnetic stripes are widely used as cards for users to receive various services, and are used as bank cards, credit cards, and the like.

Such cards with magnetic stripes store only a small amount of information (and are not secure enough).
In recent years, IC cards with built-in IC processors and memory have been attracting attention.

Such an IC card can store information files for a plurality of services using the IC memory, and is expected to be used as a multi-service multi-function card.

Since this IC card stores a large number of files in its memory, it is desired to easily access files at high speed.

[Conventional technology]

The IC card has a processor (CPU) as shown in Figure 6.
) 1 and memory 2, is connected to an access device 3 including an IC card reader/writer by a contact, etc., and exchanges data with the access device 3 via the CPUI.
Tae.

The storage area of the memory 2 of this IC card used a layout-free fixed format for single-function cards, but the access device 3 requires specifying the absolute address of the memory 2, and also has multiple functions. In order to use it as a function card, it is necessary to have a fixed layout in advance, which has the disadvantage of lacking expandability.

In order to solve this problem, a method for managing the area of the memory 2 has been proposed.

In this conventional proposal, the format of the memory 2 is a system zone ZS for storing data necessary for the system such as PIN (Personal Identification Number), a directory zone ZD for area management, and a system zone ZD for storing business information files. It is divided into a business information area ZC for storage and a history information area ZT for storing history information files, and the directory zone ZD is divided into a total area management section, a ZC area management section, and a ZT area management section. was set up.

For example, bank POS application (service) ■
For , the business information necessary for the service such as bank name, ownership name, account number, etc. is in the file ZCI of area ZC.
The usage history (amount, date of use, etc.) of services performed is stored in file ZT1 of area ZT.
File ZC3 of C and file ZT3 of area ZT are
File ZC4 in area ZC and file Z in area ZT
T4 was associated with each other, and this correspondence was managed by the ZC area management unit and the ZT area management unit of the directory zone ZD, respectively.

If such area management is performed, the access device 3 of the center or terminal will be able to access files by file number without being aware of the physical (absolute) address of the memory 2, facilitating multi-functional services and expanding the system. It has the advantage of being compatible with gender, making it easier to provide multifunctional services.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] In this conventional file access technology using an area management unit, when a file number is received from the access device 3, the ZC area management unit and the ZT area management unit provided in the directory zone ZD All the area management information corresponding to the stored file in question is searched, the area management information of the file is found, and the file is accessed using the found area management information.

However, when used as a multi-function card, there are a large number of files stored in the memory 2, and the order in which they are stored is not fixed, so it takes time to search for area management information by file number. In addition, since the processor built into the IC card cannot be expected to be high-speed, it is extremely difficult to shorten the time required for searching.

In particular, when writing to or reading from the history file,
There are cases in which a large number of usage histories are written or read, which increases file access time, causing the problem of making the user of the access device wait longer than necessary.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide an IC card file access method that allows file access using file numbers to be performed easily and at high speed.

[Means for solving problems]

FIG. 1 is a diagram explaining the principle of the present invention.

In the figure, the same items as shown in Figure 6 are indicated by the same symbols, ZA is the business area, and each file A-N
is stored, ZD is a directory, area management cells 1 to n having area management information of each file stored in the business area ZA are provided, and 2a is a file number management table, which has information about file numbers. It has a table of correspondence with area management cells.

Further, the CPUI has an access processing function for accessing files using the file number management table 2a.

[Effect]

In the present invention, since the file number management table 2a is provided on a par with each area management cell of the directory ZD, the cpui obtains the corresponding area management cell by referring to the file number management table 2a from the given file number. be able to.

Therefore, the CPU does not need to search all the area management cells in the directory ZD to find the corresponding area management cell (it is fine, so even if such area management is performed, file access by file number can be performed quickly and easily. can.

〔Example〕

(δ) Description of configuration of one embodiment FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram of one embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of file management information.

In the figure, the same parts as shown in FIGS. 1 and 6 are indicated by the same symbols, and 4 is a program memory;
In addition to storing security programs such as PIN verification, it also stores access processing programs. This is what we do.

In this embodiment, the business area ZA is configured as a common area for the business information file area (corresponding to ZC in Figure 6) and the history information file (corresponding to ZT in Figure 6), and the file area is divided. Not yet. Therefore, it is only necessary to allocate the business information file and the history information file in the order in which the files were created, and the file area can be used effectively.

On the other hand, the system zone Zs contains manufacturer manufacturing information, system area information (PIN data area start address, issuer-ID (Secret No) start address, Z
D area start address) and PIN (Personal Identification Number)
Data, issuer-1D, and file number management table 2a are stored.

The file number management table 2a stores logical file numbers rc3 and TC4-TCl corresponding to the area management cell order of the created files as shown in FIG. 3(C).

In addition, the directory zone ZD has management information of the business area ZA as a cell, and there are area management cells (hereinafter referred to as cells) 1 to 1 corresponding to the overall management department and each created file.
n is stored.

Also, the business zone ZA is the system zone ZS of memory 2.
An area excluding the directory zone ZD is allocated and can accommodate, for example, n files.

As shown in Figure 3 (B), the former of the overall management department of the directory zone ZD
ZD total size ZDS indicating the entire size of ZD, start address NCΔ indicating the start address where the next registered cell should be stored in number of bytes from the start of the directory, and start address ZAA indicating the start address of business zone ZA. , ZA total size ZAS indicating the entire size of business zone ZΔ, file start address ZFA indicating the start address of the next registered file in business zone ZA in number of bytes from the beginning of business zone ZA, and A reserved area and CRC check data CRC are included.

Therefore, in order to manage the directory zone ZD, the overall management section has the ZD entire size ZDS and the next registration cell start address NCA, and uses these to register cells for file creation, and also registers the ZA area start address. ZA
A, ZA overall size ZAS and next registered file start address NFA perform area management of files in business area ZA.

On the other hand, the format of each cell in directory zone ZD is as shown in FIG.
and the organization of the file, the format of records within the file, and
The record length of each record in the file, the next registration record storage address NRA of the file indicated by the number of bytes from the beginning of the file, the reserved area for these, and C
Contains RC check data CRC.

Therefore, cells are provided for area management of files created in the business zone ZA, and the start address and size of the file in the business zone ZA can be determined by the relative start address FSA and file size FLS of the corresponding file, and the record format and record. The length indicates the record contents of the file, and the next registration record storage address NRA indicates the next registration address of the file.

(BL--Explanation of Operation of Embodiment FIG. 4 is a flowchart of a command access process to the file, and FIG. 5 is a diagram explaining the file access operation.

To access a file, the access device 3 provides a read command, a file number, and a record number to be read if it is a read system, and a write command, a file number, and data to be written if it is a write system.

(i) The CPU 1 receives and analyzes this command via the bus 5, and starts the access processing program.

First, the CPUI searches the file number management table 2a of the system zone ZS to find the corresponding cell number.

For example, if the file number is tCt, the cell number is n.

Then, Z which is the system area information of system zone ZS
The physical address of cell n is determined from the D area start address ZDA, cell number n, and cell length l. Then, the information of cell n is read out.

(ii) Next, if the access command is a read type, the CPU 1 calculates the read address RADR using the following formula.

RADR=ZAA+FSA+ (Record length x (record number - 1)) -...- (1) When the read address RADR is calculated in this way, the CPU
reads the record of the address, and access device 3
Send as a response.

(iii) On the other hand, if the access command is a write type, the CPUI calculates the write address WADR using the following formula.

DR to W R= Z A, A + F S A + N
RA...(2) Then, CPU I writes the given write record to the address WADR.

(iv) Furthermore, cpui updates the next registration record storage address NRA of the cell in question to CNRA+record length).

Then, completion of the record write is sent to the access device 3 as a response.

Therefore, in the case of access by a write-related command, as shown in FIG. The file in the business zone ZA is accessed based on the management information, and the record given to the next registration record storage address NRA is written, for example.

The same goes for read-related commands; refer to the file number management table 2a' using the file number, find the relevant cell, use the area management information of the relevant cell to find the physical address corresponding to the read record number, and then :1-code not read.

In this way, the corresponding cell of the directory is determined using the file number management table 2a, and furthermore, it becomes possible to access the file using the cell. Therefore, as in the past, it is not necessary to find the address of each cell in B-REF 1 to 1, output its file number one after another, and search for the corresponding cell by comparing it with the given file number. Access is extremely fast and easy.

In addition, in this embodiment, the business information file and the history information file can be allocated to the business area ZA, which is a common area, so the limited memory capacity of the IC card can be used effectively, and the area can be managed using a common directory. This makes file creation and file access easy and fast.

(Cl Description of Other Embodiments In the embodiments described above, the file number management table is provided in the system zone, but it may also be provided in the directory zone.

Alternatively, the file number management table may be a correspondence table between cell numbers and file numbers.

Although the present invention has been described above using examples, the present invention can be modified in various ways according to the gist of the present invention, and these are not excluded from the present invention.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As explained above, according to the present invention, since a file number management table is provided and file access is performed, it is possible to achieve the effect of speeding up the access time to files. Faster access times on stored items; - Contributes to a reduced processing time for transactions; In addition, since file access processing becomes easier, the IC card's CPU program can be simplified, and IC cards with limited program capacity can be easily programmed.
It is possible to store various functional programs on the card.
This also contributes to making the processing functions within the IC card more diverse.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Figure 1 is an explanatory diagram of the principle of the present invention. Figure 2 is a configuration diagram of an embodiment of the invention. Figure 3 is an illustration of file management information configured in Figure 2. Figure 4 is an embodiment of the invention. 5 is an explanatory diagram of the file access operation in FIG. 4; and FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram of the prior art. In the figure, ■ - Processor, 2 - Memory, 2a - File number management table, 3 - Access device, ZA - Business area, ZD - Directory.

Claims (1)

[Claims] An IC card that has a processor (1) and a memory (2), is set in an access device (3), and performs data input/output with the access device (3), comprising: A business area (ZA) that can accommodate multiple files in memory (2), a directory (ZD) that has multiple area management cells for file management corresponding to the files, and area management corresponding to file numbers. A file number management table (2a) for indicating the correspondence with the cell is provided, and the processor (1) creates the file number management table (2a) according to the file number for file access from the access device (3). A file access method for an IC card, characterized in that the file access method for an IC card is characterized in that a corresponding area management cell is obtained by referring to the cell, and a file corresponding to the business area (ZA) is accessed.