JPS62246449A - Nc lathe provided with tool magazine - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To make it possible to exchange tools without the necessity of an expensive ATC, by positionally controlling a tool bed in both X- and Z-axial directions to exchange a tool at an indexing position in a magazine with a tool at an exchanging position on a turret. CONSTITUTION:After completion of machining, an NC device delivers an instruction signal for retracting a tool bed 4 in the X-axis direction, and simultaneously, a saddle 2 also slides in the Z-axis direction to locate a turret at a turning position in order to index a rotary shaft 6 to a tool exchanging position. Meanwhile in a tool magazine device 11 an empty gripper device 14 is indexed to the tool exchanging position, and a tool holder 7 is located on the X-axis of a gripper grip section in association with the movement of the turret in both X- and Z-axial directions so that the tool holder 7 is gripped and is moved in the Z-axial direction. Accordingly, the tool holder 7 is pulled out from the turret 5 and is stored in the tool magazine device 11. Thereafter with the similar step in the reverse order, a required holder is loaded on the turret 5. With this arrangement, it is possible to enhance the working efficiency without the necessity of an expensive ATC.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of Industrial Application This invention relates to an NC lathe with a tool magazine device without an automatic changing device (hereinafter referred to as ATC).

In conventional NC lathes, when tools are transferred between a tool magazine and a turret, this is done using an exchange arm.

For example, as shown in Japanese Patent Publication No. 48-24784, a tool change arm equipped with a reciprocating device, a telescoping device, and a grip release device is installed on a 6-press stand, and a tool magazine is also provided on the tailstock, which acts as a tool rest. Tools are being exchanged between.

Problems to be Solved by the Invention Since the ATC requires a variety of movements, the structure is complicated and therefore expensive. Furthermore, the shared space is large, which has the disadvantage of impairing work efficiency.

Means to solve the problem Each of the turning tools or rotary tools is replaceable, the cutting position and tool exchange position can be indexed, and the X-axis and Z-axis NCI
The turret 5 provided on the I-moving turret 4 and the turret 4
A bed sliding surface 1b that is different from the moving bend sliding surface 1a.
A large number of gripper devices 14 are arranged radially on the same circumference of the magazine body 13, which is provided on the tailstock 9 or the magazine base 34 provided on the magazine base 34, and is provided so as to be indexable arbitrarily around the central axis in the main axis direction. The tool magazine device 1) is used to exchange tools at the index position of the magazine and tools at the exchange position of the turret by controlling the position of the tool rest 4 in the X-axis and Z-axis directions.

Example Embodiments of the present invention will be described below based on the drawings.

In a well-known NC lathe, left and right Z horizontally on the upper surface of bend 1
A saddle 2 in which two sliding guide surfaces 1a are cut in the axial direction, and on top of these two sliding guide surfaces 2a in the front and rear X-axis directions are cut into an inclined surface.
is slidably mounted, and the Z-axis position is determined by a ball screw rotated by a two-axis servo motor (not shown). A middle base 3 is slidably mounted on two sliding guide surfaces 2a of the saddle 2, and its X-axis position is determined by a ball screw rotated by an X-axis servo motor (not shown). The middle stand 3 is provided with a tool rest 4 having a built-in indexing mechanism, and the tool rest 4 is equipped with a mechanism for attaching and detaching tools, and there are three stations A, B, and C as shown in FIG. An indexable turret 5 is provided.

The turret 5 is formed into a rectangular box shape, and each end face in the longitudinal direction has a rotary tool mounting hole 5a in a direction perpendicular to the rotation axis.
A tapered hole 5b for a cutting tool is bored at a symmetrical position. A rotary shaft 6 having a tapered center hole 6a is rotatably provided in the stepped hole 5a by a plurality of bearings, and is rotated by a drive device (not shown). Further, a tool holder 7 equipped with a turning tool or a rotary tool is fitted into the tapered hole 6a of the rotary shaft 6 which is supported in the tapered hole 5b and the stepped hole 5a. A pull stud retraction groove is provided and engages with a pull stud 7C provided at the tip of the taber shank 7b of the tool holder 7 to attach the tool holder 7 to the turret 5.

Further, a tailstock 9 is mounted and fastened within a range where the upper tool rest 4 can control the position of two sliding guide surfaces lb in the Z-axis direction cut vertically in the front side of the bed 1.

The tailstock 9 is connected by a saddle coupling device IO as necessary.
It is connected to the saddle 2 and can be slid on the sliding guide surface 1b by the NCR movement of the saddle 2 to change its position. A tool magazine device 1) is provided concentrically on the rear end surface of the tailstock 9. @Tool magazine device 1) has a magazine main body 13 whose outer periphery is formed in the shape of a tooth groove of a chain gear, rotatably fitted onto a central shaft 12 which is fixed concentrically to a tailstock 9 and has a through-center hole. ing. For example, 24 gripper devices 14 are provided radially on the outer periphery of the magazine body 13 in tooth groove-shaped positions, and correspondingly, clamp devices 15 are provided on the center side. The magazine body 13 is indexed and rotated by an NC-driven magazine drive motor 17 via a gear 16 at a central boss portion.

The magazine drive motor 17 is provided with an encoder 18, which indexes and stops the gripper device 14 that grips the tool holder at the tool exchange position, which is commanded by the NC device, and engages a position 5 determining pin (not shown) to bring the gripper device 14 to the tool exchange position. Positioned.

A pair of symmetrical grippers 20 of the gripper main body 14 are formed in a flat plate shape and have a dogleg shape. Each of the grippers 20 has a gripping part 20a whose front side is formed with a rounded surface, and is pivoted at the center by a support shaft 21 and has a rear side. A roller 2Z is pivotally supported at the end. A spring 23 is tensioned on the rear side of the pair of grippers 20 and operates to open them.

In the clamp device 15, a clamp shaft 24 having a tapered tip 24a is inserted into a bracket 25 having a through hole in the radial direction, and is provided on the center side with respect to the gripper 20, and has a collar fixed to the bracket 25 and the end of the clamp shaft. Due to the compression spring 27 interposed between the clamp shafts 26 and 26, the taber @ 24a of the clamp shaft 24 opens the roller 22 and freely presses against it, thereby closing the gripping portion 20a of the gripper and gripping the tool holder 7.

Furthermore, an unclamping device 30 is provided on the end face of the in-hole tailstock 9 of the magazine center shaft 12. In this unclamping device, a cylinder 31 is formed in the radial direction of the magazine exchange position and a piston 32 is fitted therein, and the piston rod 33 on the gripper 20 side is bored into the boss portion of the magazine body 13 in correspondence with the clamp shaft 24. The distal end 24b of the clamp shaft 24, which can protrude from the provided window and is indexed to the tool exchange position, is pushed up by the operation of pressure oil into the rear chamber of the cylinder 31, and the gripping part 20a of the gripper 20 opens to hold the tool holder. to open.

In addition, in the case of a chuck without a tailstock 9 or an NC lathe exclusively for workpieces, a magazine base 34 is mounted and fixed on the front sliding guide surface 1b of the bed 1, as shown in FIG. A magazine device 1) is likewise provided.

When the machining set by the command from the action NC device is completed, the tool post 4 retreats in the X-axis direction. At the same time, the saddle 2 is also slid in two axial directions by a ball screw rotated by the Z-axis servo motor, and is positioned at the initially set rotation position of the cleft 5 and stopped. Here, the turret 5 is intermittently rotated by an indexing mechanism built in the tool rest 4 according to commands from the NC device, and the rotary shaft 6 on which the rotary tool is mounted is indexed to the tool changing station, while the tool magazine device 1) An empty gripper device 14 is indexed into the tool change position. A solenoid valve (not shown) is opened by a command from the NC device, pressure oil is sent to the rear chamber of the cylinder 3, the piston 32 is actuated, the piston rod 33 pushes up the clamp shaft 24, and the tapers 24M at the tip push up against the rollers of the gripper 20. Open 22,
The grip portion 20a of the clipper is opened by the force of the spring 23, and the tool holder 7 is ready for insertion.

Subsequently, the gripper gripper 5 is opened by moving the X-axis and Z-axis according to a command from the NC device so that the gripping groove 7a of the tool holder 7 of the mounted rotary tool is indexed to the tool exchange position of the tool magazine device 11. After being positioned on the X-axis of the portion 20a, the tool holder 7 is inserted into the gripping portion 20a of the gripper 20 by moving only in the X-axis direction, and stops at a position where the gripping groove 7a and the gripping portion 20a are concentric, In response to a command from the NC device, the electromagnetic valve is closed, the supply of pressure oil from the cylinder 31 is switched to the front chamber, and the piston rod 33, which had been pushed up, is moved back. The force of the compression spring 27 causes the tapers 24a of the clamp shaft 24 to move against the roller 22 of the gripper 20.
Push open and close the grip part 20a to grip the tool holder 7. In response to a command from the NCWJ, the clutch 5 releases the grip of the pull stand 7C, moves a predetermined distance toward the main shaft in the X-axis direction, and the tool holder 7 is extracted from the clutch 5 and stored in the tool magazine device 1).

Next, in response to a command from the NC device, the magazine main body 13 is rotated by the magazine drive motor 17, selects the tool holder required for the next machining from among the tool holders held by the gripper 20 of the magazine main body 13, and moves it to the tool exchange position. It is determined. The clet 5 moves in two axial directions according to a command from the NC device, and the tool holder 7 indexed to the tool exchange position of the tool magazine device 1) is inserted into the rotating shaft 6 of the clet 5, and the pull stud 7c of the tool holder is moved into the clet 5. The tool holder stops at the position where it engages with the pull stand retraction mechanism built into the tool holder 5, and the pull stud retraction mechanism acts to fit the tool holder.

Next, in the gripper 20 of the tool magazine device 1), the solenoid valve is opened by a command from the NC device, pressure oil is sent to the rear chamber of the cylinder 31, the piston 32 is activated, and the piston rod 33 pushes up the clamp shaft 24 and grips the gripper gripping portion 20a. Open it and release the tool holder 7 that was being held. The grip 5 moves in the X-axis direction according to a command from the NC device, and after the tool holder 7 it grips pushes out the gripper 20 of the tool magazine device If, it moves in the X-axis and X-axis directions to be positioned at a turning position and stops. Here, the cret 5 rotates under the command of the NC device and indexes the tool holder 7 to be held at the cutting position.

Next, the clet 5 moves in the X-axis and X-axis directions according to the NC command, is positioned at a predetermined cutting start position, and stops, and the rotating shaft 6 is rotated by a drive mechanism (not shown) built in the turret 5, and the NC device Machining is started with the drilling tool given cutting feed by the command.

Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 6, the tool magazine device 37 includes a plurality of magazine bodies 35 and 36 each having a plurality of magazine bodies 35 and 36 each having a similar gripper device 14 radially with different outer diameters with a larger diameter on the main shaft side. set on top,
It is also possible to provide corresponding unclamping devices 30 in parallel. The turret 5 is moved in the X-axis and X-axis directions to position the tool exchange positions corresponding to the magazine body 35.36, and the turret 5 and the magazine body 35.36
With this configuration, the tool storage capacity of the tool magazine device 37 is doubled compared to the tool magazine device 1). In addition, if the tool magazine device 37 is formed in a symmetrical shape with the right and left opposite to the tool magazine device 1), the indexing position of the turret 5 can also serve as a tool tipion at the cutting position, making it possible to shorten the tool exchange time. .

Effects As detailed above, the present invention uses the X-axis and Z-axis control functions of the tool post so that the turret itself performs the replacement operation, so there is no need for an expensive ATC and there is no need to worry about failure of the ATC part. An NC lathe with reduced cost and tool exchangeability has been realized. Furthermore, it is possible to arrange the rooms so that the operator can easily access the tool magazine, which has the effect of improving work efficiency.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Figure 1 is an explanatory plan view of the tool magazine device attached to the tailstock of an NC lathe, Figure 2 is an explanatory side view of the same, Figure 3 is an enlarged view of the gripper device, and Figure 4 is the rotational positioning of the tool post turret. An explanatory diagram, FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of the relationship between the tool magazine device mounted on the magazine base and the tool rest, and FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram in the case of having two magazine bodies. l... Bed 2... Saddle 4... Turret 5... Turret 6... Rotating shaft 7... Tool holder 9... Tailstock 1)... Tool magazine device 12... Center shaft 13. Magazine body 14・
・Gripper device 2o...Gripper 23.27...Spring 24...Clamp shaft 30...Unclamp device
32... Piston 34... Magazine base 35...
Large diameter magazine body 36...Small diameter magazine body 37...
tool magazine device

Claims (1)

[Claims] (1) Each turning tool or rotary tool is replaceable, the cutting position and tool exchange position can be indexed, and the turret installed on the X-axis and Z-axis NC-driven tool rest and the bed on which the tool rest moves A magazine that is provided on a tailstock or magazine base that is provided on a bed sliding surface that is different from the sliding surface and within the positioning range of the tool rest, and that can be arbitrarily indexed around the central axis in the main axis direction. It includes a tool magazine device having a large number of clipper devices radially on the same circumference of the main body, and by controlling the position of the tool rest in the X-axis and Z-axis directions,
An NC lathe with a tool magazine characterized in that a tool at an index position of the magazine is exchanged with a tool at an exchange position of a turret.