JPS62244935A - Method for assembling glass block wall - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention is directed to a method of assembling glass block walls for the interior and exterior of a building at a construction site or in a factory, and then transporting it to the site and installing it. . Glass block walls let in light while avoiding transparent viewing, refracting and diffusing light with a prismatic effect, controlling light, and excelling in heat insulation, dew condensation prevention, sound insulation, and fireproofing, so they can meet the needs of privacy. It is especially useful in urban architecture, and has a unique Kurasakumi effect.

(Prior art) Conventionally, when assembling the glass block wall of this crosspiece, as shown in the perspective view of Fig. 5, the metal frame was added to the wall at the construction site in advance, and then vertical force gauges (ladder bars) were installed on the wall. Installation, stacking ■° horizontal tension bones (ladder bars) and glass blocks alternately, filling the glass blocks with on-site mortar and stacking them one by one, and after the filled mortar has hardened, decorate the inner and outer joints. Colored mortar (■), (■) is a wet method for filling joints. Therefore, the assembled main components are made of glass bubbles, hardened mortar, and force gauges, and are made into a rigid unit that contacts the frame so that the deformation of the building due to thermal expansion and earthquakes can be absorbed between the members. An elastic cushioning sealant is used only at the expansion/contraction joints provided at regular intervals around the glass block wall, but the main parts are filled with mortar on site, so the deformation capacity is limited. Extremely small. The out-of-plane (wind pressure resistance) strength is a flat slab composed of glass blocks, mortar, and a force meter, and is similar to a reinforced concrete slab, but the strength calculation is difficult with a theoretical formula and is based on an experimental formula.

For floors, as shown in the perspective view in Figure 6, the fixed installation is done on-site using the wet method 1, in which the joints are filled with mortar and then hardened and dried, and then the joints are covered with sheets.The strength is cast iron. It is based on a lattice frame.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) However, the above method has many problems as described below.

(1) Construction method - As shown in the process chart in Figure 7, it is a wet method on site, which involves a lot of on-site work and is easily affected by the weather, and construction in winter is especially problematic, and after the fixing mortar of the frame has hardened. , stacking glass blocks with cement mortar, waiting for them to harden and dry before applying waterproofing agent, filling the decorative eyes with JIK, applying sealant after drying, etc., which often uses water, and there is a risk of frost damage. The construction period is long, and the 11 essential performances such as wind resistance and waterproofness are greatly influenced by the quality of the construction on site.

Therefore, skilled workers are required, but there are few successors to the field workers who are under poor working conditions.For this reason, problems with the construction schedule are likely to occur in large-scale construction projects.

Next, external scaffolding is usually required for external joint construction and seal construction.As a result of 6 or more, large-scale buildings and super high-rise buildings have R3 problems in adoption.

(2) The main part of performance and durability is mortar joints, and decorative joint mortar is prone to water leakage due to separation, shrinkage cracks, etc., and over the long term, corrosion of reinforcing bars may occur. In addition, it is easily deteriorated by the freezing pressure of intruding water and condensed water.

Since the heat capacity of the joint mortar is large, a large temperature stress is generated in the glass block due to solar radiation, and thermal expansion is likely to be restricted, which can also cause cracking of the glass block.

As for earthquake resistance, the displacement of the living room can be avoided between the upper part of the integrated glass wall and the frame as shown in Figure 5, but the allowable value for movement is 75% of the surrounding joint rubber. So, even if 15 mm of rubber is used, it is about 10 mm, and in the event of a major earthquake, it will displace more than 30 mm between layers? 55 Building is definitely insufficient. Furthermore, if the force meter is fixed to the upper frame or concrete as shown in Figure 9, the force will be bent locally, and if the force meter frame is separated from the surrounding frame and slid as shown in Figure 8, the force will be bent locally. The attached anchor will become a pin-fixed cane.

As mentioned above, the wind resistance is generally weak in force anchors, and anchors made of mortar, glass blocks, and reinforcing steel bars.
Since it is a block with simple support on all four sides, the allowable wind pressure strength according to the experimental formula is determined by the block dimensions, thickness, wall area, aspect ratio, and force measurement. In the case of a glass block of m, the wind pressure is 300 K.
For ff r / rn', when the side ratio of the wall is 1:1, the height is 2.8 m, and when the side ratio is infinite, the height is 1.8 m.

Also, at a height of 3.6m and a side ratio of 1:1, the wind pressure limit is only 180
Kgf/m" (wind speed: 33 m).

(3) Results - As mentioned above, the conventional construction method has a low performance lu field (
Despite its many characteristics, it is only used for medium-sized and low-rise buildings, and it is difficult to apply it to large-scale and high-rise buildings.It is a handicraft and craft, and its production volume is low. situation.

(Means for Solving the Problems) The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems.Instead of filling the joints with mortar on-site, the present invention uses molded joint materials pre-formed in a factory as spacers and sealants. The key point is to assemble it by tlft or by combining it with bending stress material such as steel or tensile stress material.

(Function) According to the present invention, the so-called dry method 1 can be used both in factories and on-site.
It is less affected by weather, can be assembled quickly without any skill, is highly reliable, can withstand much higher wind pressures, is safe against very large interlayer displacements, and has a watertight performance than those filled with mortar. By introducing outside air pressure from the bottom of the wall into the spaces between the outer joints, inner joints, and blocks that are not covered, and minimizing the pressure inside and outside the outer joints, the force of water intrusion is reduced.
Furthermore, by employing a so-called isobaric water drainage mechanism that allows drainage of intruding water, it is safe for an extremely long period of time even under the severe storm conditions of high-rise buildings.

As a result of the above, it is possible to use glass blocks with unique performance and design in buildings with an uphill length of 111 m and an IT of 111 m, and also solve the problem of a shortage of 1 m IF stacking technicians.

(Example) Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings.

When assembling a glass wall as shown in the elevation view and sectional view of the ffr2 drawing and the sectional view of the m3 drawing, as shown in the perspective view of Fig. 1, the first row of A loft support frame 6 is placed on the left side of the glass block 1, the loft 4 with threads cut at both ends is passed through, and a bending load-bearing member 5 on which vertical joint rubber 3 is pre-attached is placed along the right side. Assemble the first row of glass blocks and the horizontal joint rubber 2, and tighten the rod from the loft through hole 2' of the horizontal joint IIk rubber.
Hole or notch 3° for each horizontal joint pitch of vertical joint rubber
Assemble by sewing together. Sequentially ↑ 1st row, 2nd row and back.To tighten the opposite side, install the loft holder frame 6-, and to tighten both ends, tighten the rod nuts 7 and tighten the vertical joint rubber 3.
After tightening the bending load-bearing material 5 to a predetermined size and adjusting the pitch of the bending load-bearing material 5 to a predetermined dimensional interval, the upper frame 10 and the lower frame 11 with holes 9 made in advance at the vertical joint pitch are attached, and the bending load-bearing material 5 Bolts 12 previously welded on the top and bottom of the joint are passed through and tightened with nuts 13, and the side joint rubber is compressed to a predetermined size.

The vertical and horizontal joint rubber and bending load-bearing material fit into the shape of the rim 14 of the glass block, and the loft and bending load-bearing steel material fit into the specified relative relationship through the molded rubber, and minute errors are corrected by the rubber joint material. Since this is absorbed by the elastic deformation of , the assembly is completed.

After inspection and curing, move to the mounting position, raise the upper part, and as shown in Fig. 2, install and adjust the mounting pre-installed on the building structure 15 using hardware 1B, 17. In principle, the zero-bending load-bearing material 5 to be fixed receives wind pressure equivalent to half of one glass block and transmits it to the upper and lower frames 10 and 11. The upper and lower frames are installed in relation to the hardware 16.17, and the weight and bending load-bearing material 5
Withstands out-of-plane wind pressure. One of the upper and lower frames is equipped with a bending load-bearing material 5, a block, a horizontal joint rubber 2, etc., in preparation for thermal expansion.
It is possible to slide up and down within the plane. For tightening, the frame 6.6° of the robed receiver should be set as 0 rule, and it should not be constrained by other materials.In the horizontal direction of the plane, the glass block, vertical joint rubber 3, and tightening should be Rof 1!4. It is assumed that it expands and contracts due to thermal expansion. In addition, in the lower frame 11, as a rule, equal pressure ventilation holes 18 are opened to the outside air for each block, and the joint rubber and glass plate I
While supplying external air pressure to the space PE surrounded by the J-tsuku, it is possible to drain water that may have entered the space outside.

However, it is not necessary to use this isobaric drainage (intrusion water may be treated indoors).

In the bending load-bearing material system shown in Figure 1, m2 diagram, and Figure 3,
The wind pressure is simply borne by the bending load-bearing material 5, and the rubber and loft are assembly materials and force distribution materials, and the horizontal grain jI! The I material 2 only needs to withstand its own m. In this case, the out-of-plane buckling of the bending load-bearing material 5 is restrained by the loft tightening force via the glass block and the longitudinal joint rubber 3.

When using the tensile load-bearing member 5' shown in the cross-sectional view of Fig. 4, the bending caused by out-of-plane force is limited to the compressive allowable stress of the glass block l and the horizontal joint material 2, or the allowable tensile stress of the tensile load-bearing member 5°. Can resist stress.

Further, a prestressing method is also possible in which tensile stress is applied in advance to the tensile member 5° and the rod 4 which is the force distribution member. In these cases, unlike the bending load-bearing material method, there is no member to prevent the joint material from falling inward, so the shape of the end of the glass block l is changed to have a convex line 14 or a concave line all or part of the circumference. The joint rubber 2.3 is provided in a form that fits with the joint rubber 2.3.

As a general rule, the bending load-bearing material and the tensile load-bearing material are longitudinal members, but they may also be horizontally oriented.

For molded joint materials, extruded or molded products of various rubbers, synthetic resins, metals, and other inorganic materials are used either singly or as composite materials.

When fire resistance or fire prevention performance is required, inorganic materials,
In addition to metals, chlorinated synthetic rubber, flame-resistant silicone rubber, etc. may be used.

As the load-bearing material, rolled or extruded materials such as steel, stainless steel, aluminum, and other metal scraps are used.

(Effects of the Invention) The effects of the glass block 4 [1 fabrication method according to the present invention as described above] are as follows.

Earthquake-resistant performance - In response to inter-story displacement of a building due to an earthquake, bending load-bearing materials are extremely easily deformed in-plane because they are in the direction of the material's rotational axis, and joint materials also absorb strain through deformation and sliding. ,
The interstory displacement is distributed to each level of the glass block, and the floor height is 100.
It can easily cope with interlayer displacement of about 1/2.

The watertight performance/equal pressure drainage method is based on the principle that water intrusion into walls occurs due to the presence of water, gaps, and the force that forces the water in, and if one of these is missing, it will not occur. .

In other words, the seal at of the rubber material in ** is only tightly packed due to the surface contact pressure of the puffing material and the elastic contact pressure of the rubber material, etc., and there are minute gaps, and it does not work in the presence of pressure and water. However, in the case of this construction method, the space PE between the inner and outer joint materials is made equal to the outside air pressure, so even if there is a gap in the outer joint, the pressure difference is small. 0 of water
Because one condition of human beings is missing, there are very few cases of zero water, and the water is weak, and the water is drained by the slope of the side of the glass block and does not reach the inner joints. Even if there is a pressure difference and a small gap, there is no water, so of course there is no water entering the room, and the water drained downward is pushed in the opposite direction because there is no pressure difference with the outside. It has a so-called isobaric drainage effect, which means that it is extremely easy to drain. In addition, since the space PE is open to the outside air, it is dry, the jug is always kept low, and corrosion of bending stress materials is less likely to occur.

Fire resistance e By using a flame resistant material for the joint material, it is possible to achieve fire resistance and fire spread resistance comparable to that of the conventional wet type 1 method.

In the construction method/wood construction method, the factory prefabricated cage 97 members are simply assembled in a factory or on-site, and can be assembled using only a wrench without using water or cement. Additionally, the use of sealants is limited to a small amount. After assembly, all that is required is transportation, installation, and adjustment, resulting in a so-called curtain wall construction method, which enables quick, reliable, and large-scale construction compared to the complicated on-site wet piling construction method. Furthermore, with the shift to factory production, the environment for working mothers has changed significantly. Furthermore, using a large Yoichi machine, it is possible to construct even skyscrapers without scaffolding.

The dimensions and shape O1 format are now clear, and if the thickness of a 200 m/m square glass block is set to about 125 m/m, the cross section of the bending load-bearing material will be The allowable deflection is 17200 or less than the wall height, and the height is 150.
A height of 3.5 mm is placed at the corner of an M-class skyscraper where the wind pressure is greatest.
6m (front wind pressure approximately 600kgf/rn)
'), the usage limit becomes dramatically higher (.Also, as a general rule, load-bearing materials are arranged in one direction, so if there is a top and bottom frame, the vertical ends of the glass block wall can be thinly tightened, and the rod holder can be placed in the frame. However, if the unit joints 19 are sealed as shown in Figure 1, a horizontally continuous glass block wall can be constructed in total, resulting in a height of 3.5 cm, which was previously impossible.
- Since it is possible to safely and reliably construct so-called light walls that are 4m or more and are continuous without mullions on the sides, it has a completely new effect in terms of design, including the sense of scale.Conventionally, thick and difficult steel walls The frames needed to be lined up at equal intervals.

Furthermore, by changing the shape of the vertical ground, it is possible to construct a wall with a curved surface in the same manner.

If you use durable glass and highly weather-resistant silicone or other special rubber joint materials, you won't have to worry about the joint materials cracking or falling off, and you will be maintenance-free for many years. There are also great advantages, such as greatly reduced maintenance and maintenance, which becomes much easier.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

The drawings show the basic concept and implementation plan of the present invention. Fig. 1 is a perspective view showing an example of the bending load-bearing material method, and Fig. 2 is the same (and its elevation view and O! construction). The attachment to the rectangular body is a cross-sectional view showing the lying state, Figure 3 is a vertical cross-sectional view and a plan view of the glass block joint, Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of the tensile load-bearing material method, Figure 5 is a perspective view of the glass block wall construction method using the conventional method, Figure 6 is a perspective view of the floor construction method using the conventional method, Figure 7 is a construction process diagram of the conventional method, and Figures 8 and 9 are the case of the conventional method. This is a cross-sectional view showing the installation of the glass block wall soil part to the t1! construction structure. Horizontal joint rod through hole, 3: Vertical joint material (rubber), 3': Vertical joint material notch, 4: Rod for tightening, 5: Bending load-bearing material, 6: Rod holder for tightening, frame, 7: Tightening Attachment is with rod nabut, 8: Tightening is with desired frame material, 1O: Upper frame, 11: Lower frame, 1
2: Welding bolt, 13: Bending load-bearing material attachment)
, 14: &ri child block, 15: Building structure, 1G = Hardware for lower mounting, 17: Hardware for upper mounting, 18: W pressure ventilation hole, 19: Unit joint joint, PE: Equal pressure space CPressuer
EQalize )・Patent Applicant 2 Harumi Chiba Patent Applicant: Nikken Sekkei Co., Ltd. Procedural Amendment (Ho) NY+, Fu July 23, 1961 ``1 1 Indication of Case 1989 Patent Application No. 08911
03 Relationship with the case of the person making the amendment Patent applicant address (residence) 663-7 Kitahata, Motoyama-cho, Higashinada-ku, Kobe City (
(1 other person) 4 Deadline for amendment order (Date of dispatch) June 24, 1985 Contents of amendment on paper 6) Specification (Effect of the invention) Page 16, line 1, "Figure 1" was changed to "1 yen" Figures 1 to 1li9 (all Figures) have been clearly redrawn in black, and in order to make the range of the drawings belonging to Figures 3 and 4 accurate, Figure 3 has been redrawn. The elevation view of the joint intersection between Figure 4 and @4 is confusing and unnecessary for explanation purposes, so it has been deleted. Next, correct the vertical cross-sectional view in the upper figure of Figure 3 to be a vertical cross-sectional view of the connection part, add the A-A/cross-sectional indication, clearly indicate A-A/plane cross-sectional view of the joint part in the lower figure, and It was clearly shown that the figures are grouped together as three diagrams. Similarly, in Fig. 4, the above figure is corrected to be a vertical cross-sectional view of the joint, and B-B
'A cross-sectional representation was added, and the bottom figure was clearly labeled as a plane cross-sectional view of the B-BI junction, and the top and bottom figures clearly indicated that they were grouped together as FF14 drawings. All figures above 1 are as attached.

Claims (6)

[Claims] (1) When constructing the interior and exterior walls and floors of a building using glass blocks (referred to as glass block walls), molded joints pre-formed in the factory on the joint surfaces of the glass blocks on the main constituent surfaces A method of assembling glass block walls using materials as spacers and sealants. (2) A method of assembling a glass block wall using the molded joint material described in item (1) above, in which the molded joint material and the glass block are fixed with adhesive, and the joint material itself is used directly as a strength material. A method for assembling a glass block wall according to claim (1), characterized by: (3) A method of assembling glass blocks using the molded joint material of item (1) above, which mainly uses out-of-plane force A method for assembling a glass block wall according to claim (1), which is characterized in that the glass block wall is opposed to the above. (4) A method for assembling glass block walls using the molded joint material of item (1) above, which involves assembly using tensile strength materials such as steel wires combined with the joint material or glass blocks. , or by applying tensile stress to the steel wire etc. after assembly to counter the out-of-plane force, or by applying compressive stress to the glass block wall to counteract the tensile stress associated with the bending stress generated by the out-of-plane force, or by applying tensile stress to the glass block wall after assembly. Using the prestress effect,
A method for assembling a glass block wall according to claim (1), characterized in that it mainly resists out-of-plane forces. (5) A method of assembling a glass block wall using the molded joint material of item (1) above, which involves manufacturing the joint side surface of the glass block into a shape that fits with the molded joint material and load-bearing material. A method for assembling a glass block wall according to claim (1). (6) A method of assembling a glass block wall using the molded joint material described in item (1) above, in which one or both of the joints on the exterior side and the indoor side are generally made of elastic material as a watertight mechanism using the molded joint material. In addition to maintaining watertightness by adhering the glass block and the inner and outer joint materials, use the unfilled space between the glass block and the inner and outer joint materials to make a drainage channel for intruding water, make this space communicate with the outside, and By maintaining the airtightness of the inner joints and making the air pressure in this space approximately equal to the external wind pressure, so-called isobaric drainage is achieved, which reduces water intrusion from defective parts of the external joints and prevents water from reaching the indoor joints. A method for assembling a glass block wall according to claim (1), characterized in that a mechanism is employed.