JPS62244906A - Ocean water cross-current breakwater - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To introduce ocean water into a harbor with good efficiency by a method in which a waterway to connect the inside of the harbor with the outside thereof is formed in a breakwater, and the horizontal width of the inlet of the waterway on the outside of the harbor is made smaller toward the inside of the harbor. CONSTITUTION:An ocean water-introducing trench 7 is formed on the outside 3 of a harbor, and a vertical drainage 14 is connected to the inside end of the trench 7. The lower end of the drainage 14 is led to the inside 4 of the harbor to form a breakwater 2. The horizontal width of the trench 7 is made smaller toward the inside 4 of the harbor. When waves come into the trench 7, the waves are converged and the sea water is allowed to flow through the drainage 14 into the harbor by a corresponding head.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Field of application in the naval industry) The present invention relates to a seawater exchange breakwater that exchanges sensitive seawater into a port.

(Conventional Art) The Japanese coastline is roughly divided into three areas: coastal areas facing the open sea, open bay areas, inland seas, and 111w4 inner bays. In particular, open bay areas, inland seas, and open chain inner bays have been used for a long time at 14°C because of their natural topography and gentle natural conditions such as waves.

It is widely known that landfills, coastal factories, and ports are concentrated in these areas, making the problem of fresh water pollution even more serious.

Currently, drainage AI patterns are being used, and seawater purification is progressing gradually, but in open water areas such as port areas, ti
The deterioration of PM water quality is still a hot topic. In addition, in the fisheries industry, with the recent establishment of a 200 nautical mile water area, fishing patterns have been changing from distant sea to offshore to coastal, and aquaculture cages and the like are being installed within fishing ports. From this point of view as well, water quality conservation in MRA water areas within fishing ports is required.

A conventional seawater exchange breakwater 1 that exchanges seawater outside the port into the inside of the port in order to maintain the water quality inside the port has a breakwater main body 2 that is installed to separate the outside of the port 3 and the inside of the port 4 as shown in Fig. 142. A flow path 5 is installed in the lower part of the breakwater main body 2 so as to communicate between the outside 3 and the inside 4 of the port, so as to facilitate seawater exchange using wave power or the like. In addition, as shown in FIG.
The bell mouth shaped part 5A is made 1 in diameter, and the protruding part 5B with a large loss is made in the port 4 II, so as to cause a difference in the amount of inflow and outflow due to the wave horn. In this way, the amount of water flowing into the port 4 will be improved on average, and the flow of seawater in the port 4 will be promoted. Next, the conventional full-water exchange breakwater 1 shown in FIG. 4 is provided with a 7-lutter valve 6 at the outlet of the flow path 5 on the port side 4. When the water flows in, the valve 6 opens due to the wave force, allowing seawater to flow in, and when it flows out, the valve 6 opens. The valve 6 is closed to prevent seawater from flowing out. In this way, a unidirectional flow 1, 1i is always created toward the inside of the port 4, and the flow of seawater in the inside of the port 4 is promoted.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) However, in the structure shown in Fig. 2, when the wave height is small compared to the water depth, the waves outside the port 3 have a sine waveform,
For this reason, there is a problem that a reciprocating flow with completely equal flow lines occurs in the flow path 5, and the amount of inflow cannot be expected. In addition, in any of the types shown in FIGS. 2 to 4, pressure changes due to waves outside the port 3 propagate directly to the inner part 4 through the flow path 5, so new transmitted waves are generated inside the port 4. The original purpose of breakwater 1, which is wave dissipation, has become a political issue.

An object of the present invention is to provide a seawater exchange breakwater that can maintain the water quality of the harbor area while keeping the inside of the harbor calm.

(Means for Solving the Problems) The structure of the present invention for achieving the above object will be explained with reference to FIGS. 1(A) to (C) corresponding to embodiments. A breakwater main body 2 is provided to separate the breakwater 3 from the inside of the port 4, and an entrance 8 is opened at the top of the breakwater main body 2 on the outside of the port 3 side, and the end faces toward the inside of the port 4 and has an anti-Q441 end.
! The breakwater main body 2 is provided with seawater introduction grooves 7 closed at 9, and the seawater introduced into each of the seawater introduction grooves 7 is directed to the bottom 13 side of the port 4 at the reflecting wall 9 at the end thereof by a water head difference H. A drainage channel 14 is provided for discharging water into the port, and the seawater introduction groove 7 has a converging side wall 10 whose horizontal groove width becomes narrower toward the inside of the port 4, and a submerged bottom wall 11 submerged below the water surface 12. It is characterized by being configured with the following features:

(Function) In such a seawater exchange breakwater 1, when a wave enters the full water introduction groove 7 at a rate of υ, the seawater introduction groove 7 closes to its converging side wall 1
0, the groove width becomes narrower as it goes in the 4 directions inside the port, so the water level of the seawater entering the 4th direction becomes higher as the groove width decreases, and the reflection v! It reaches its maximum at 49. Since a drainage channel 14 is provided at this position, the seawater within the port is drained to the bottom AI$13 of the port interior 4 due to the water head difference I'' at that time. Therefore, seawater flows into the harbor 4 from the lower part of the breakwater body using the water head 1, making it quieter, and maintaining the water quality of the harbor 4 while keeping the harbor 4 calm.

(Example) Hereinafter, an example of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 1(A) to 1(C). The seawater exchange breakwater H11 of this length is
It has a breakwater main body 2 which is provided to separate an outside port 3 and a port inside 4. In the upper part of the breakwater main body 2, a seawater introduction groove 7 has an entrance 8 opened on the outside 3 side of the port, facing 4 directions inside the port, with the end facing the opposite wall 9, and extending in the longitudinal direction of the breakwater main body 2. are arranged in parallel. Moreover, these seawater introduction grooves 7 have convergent side walls 10 whose horizontal groove width becomes narrower toward the inner port 4 side, and a waveguide slope portion 11 at the bottom of the entrance 8.
A and a submerged bottom wall 11 submerged below the water surface 12. In addition, the seawater introduced into each seawater introduction 'a7 into the breakwater main body 2 is connected to the reflection wall 9[11 at the end thereof, where the water head difference H
A drainage channel 14 is provided on the bottom 13 side of the groove 4 to drain water. A top plate 15 for preventing overtopping is provided on the ceiling at the end of the groove 7.

In such a seawater exchange breakwater 1, a waveguide slope portion 11A/fi is provided at the lower part of the entrance 8 of each seawater introduction groove 7, so that incident waves are efficiently guided onto the submerged bottom wall 11. The seawater that has entered each seawater introduction groove 7 in this way forms converging side walls 10 whose horizontal walls become narrower as they move toward the inner port 4 side, so the reflective wall 1) at the end As it approaches , it gradually increases as shown by the broken line, and shows the maximum water head difference at the reflecting wall 9.

Utilizing this water head difference 1, the seawater in the iM 7 is drained to the bottom 131111 of the port interior 4 through a non-channel 14. A top plate 15 for preventing overtopping is provided at the end of 7, so
Overtopping of the waves is prevented.

(Effects of the Invention) As explained above, since the seawater exchange breakwater according to the present invention uses a seawater introduction groove having a convergence side wall, a considerable amount of water Il is generated at the end reflecting wall due to the convergence effect.
l! can be obtained, and water can be guided efficiently even in small waves. In the present invention, this water head difference is used to drain water to the bottom of the port through the drainage channel, so seawater flows into the port calmly, making it possible to maintain the water quality in the port while keeping the port calm. can. Historically, there was a wave-guiding slope at the entrance of the seawater inlet trench, which was able to efficiently guide the waves to the submerged wall soil.
It has the advantage that the amount introduced is not affected by the tidal level difference in the target sea area.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1(A) shows the actual t1 of the seawater exchange breakwater according to the present invention.
The plan view of Mp/4, Figure 1 (B) is the X- of Figure 1 (A>
X-ray cross-sectional view, Figure 1 (C) is the front view of the breakwater, Figure 2
Figures 4 through 4 are cross-sectional views showing three types of conventional breakwaters. 1... Seawater exchange breakwater, 2... Breakwater main body, 3...
・Outside the port, 4...Inside the port, 7...Seawater introduction ditch, 8...
Entrance, 9...Reflection wall, 10...Convergence side wall, 11A
... waveguide slope portion, 11 ... submerged bottom wall, 12 ... water surface, 13 ... bottom, 14 ... drainage channel, 15 ... wave overtopping prevention top plate. Patent applicant: Goyo U-Setsu Co., Ltd. Agent
Patent attorney Isao Sasaki, “”
s 2nd figure color 4th figure 1 3rd figure 'A 's b 巳

Claims (1)

[Claims] A breakwater main body is provided to separate the outside of the port from the inside of the port, and a seawater introduction groove is provided in the upper part of the breakwater main body with an entrance opening on the outside of the port and facing toward the inside of the port and having an end closed with a reflecting wall, The breakwater main body is provided with a drainage channel that drains the seawater introduced into each of the seawater introduction grooves to the bottom side of the port due to a water head difference at the end thereof on the reflecting wall side, and the seawater introduction grooves are horizontal grooves. A seawater exchange breakwater comprising a converging side wall whose width becomes narrower toward the inner side of the port, and a submerged bottom wall submerged below the water surface.