JPS6224368B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

The present invention relates to improvements in double glazing having metal thin film coated glass. Two glass plates were placed in parallel at a predetermined distance with spacers around the edges, and the edges of these glass plates were filled with sealant and sealed so that a sealed hollow layer was formed between the glass plates. This type of glass is known as double-glazed glass, and because of its heat-insulating and sound-proofing properties, it is widely used in buildings, transportation vehicles, and various equipment. Metal thin film-coated glass, in which a metal thin film such as Au, Ag, Cu, Fe, Ni, Al, Cr, etc. is attached to one glass plate of double glazing, has coloring performance, heat ray reflection performance, or electrical conductivity performance. Because of this, it is used as heat-reflective double-glazed glass, colored double-glazed glass, and electrically heated double-glazed glass. In particular, heat-reflecting double-layered glass, which is made by layering a thin metal film of heat-reflecting glass toward the inner space and sealing the surrounding area, has recently been attracting attention as a part of energy-saving measures. However, the metal thin film of metal thin film coated glass has the disadvantage that it is chemically active and easily deteriorates. For example, if a commercially available polyisobutylene-based sealant or a polyisobutylene-butyl rubber-based sealant is used as a sealant for this type of heat-reflective double-glazed glass, the metal thin film of the heat-reflective glass will
A shortcoming was often found in durability tests: discoloration. This tendency is particularly remarkable when the metal thin film is made of a chemically active metal such as silver or copper. As a result of research into the causes of such defects,
If sulfur or halogens are present in the sealant,
This sulfur and halogen react with silver and copper in the metal thin film, resulting in silver sulfide (copper sulfide) and silver chloride, such as Ag (Cu) + S → AgS ( _CuB ) Ag (Cu) + Cl ₂ → AgCl ₂ (CuCl 2 ). It was discovered that copper chloride (copper chloride) is produced and this causes discoloration. The present invention was invented with attention to this point, and the gist thereof is to provide a plurality of glass plates, at least one of which is metal thin film coated glass on which a metal thin film is formed, with the metal thin film forming the inner surface. In double-glazed glass, which is sealed by placing spacers around the periphery of the glass plates at predetermined intervals and applying a sealant to the periphery of the glass plates, the above-mentioned sealant is one that does not contain sulfur and/or halogen. The present invention relates to an improved double-glazed glass characterized by: The present invention will be explained in more detail below. FIG. 1 shows a cross-sectional view of a double-glazed glass according to an embodiment of the present invention, and numeral 1 indicates a metal thin-film double-glazed glass plate on which a metal thin film 6 is formed, and 2 indicates a glass plate. The glass plates 1 and 2 are arranged in parallel at a predetermined interval by spacers 3 disposed around their peripheries to form a hollow layer 4 between the glass plates 1 and 2, and sealed with a sealing material 7 arranged around the peripheries. Double-glazed glass 5 is constructed. FIG. 2 shows a cross-sectional view of a double-glazed glass according to another embodiment of the present invention. The glass plates 2 are spaced apart by arranging spacers 3 along their peripheries, and the glass plates 1,
A hollow layer 4 is formed between the glass plates 1, 2 and the spacer 3, and a primary luant 8 is formed on the hollow layer side between the glass plates 1, 2 and the spacer 3. A secondary sealant 9 is placed on the peripheral edge side of the glass 5.
The glass plates 1 and 2 and the spacer 3 are bonded together, and the hollow layer 4 is sealed. The metal thin film coated glass plate 1 described above is made of chemically active metals such as Au, Ag, Cu, Fe, Al, and Ni.
Alternatively, a metal thin film such as an alloy of various metals is formed on the surface of a glass plate by vapor deposition, electroless plating, or other various film forming methods. Since such a metal thin film has poor durability, the glass coated with the metal thin film is arranged so as to face the inner surface of the double-glazed glass 5, that is, the hollow layer 4. Note that this metal thin film coated glass plate 1 is coated with
An undercoat may be applied to the lower layer of the metal thin film, an overcoat may be applied to the upper layer of the metal thin film, or an undercoat and an overcoat may be applied to the lower and upper layers of the metal thin film. For example, to improve durability, the upper layer, lower layer, or upper and lower layers of a metal thin film may contain TiO ₂ , Bi ₂ O ₃ , SnO ₂ , ZrO ₂ ,
Undercoat or overcoat consisting of WO ₃ , Al ₂ O ₃ , In ₂ O ₃ , or metal oxides mainly based on these, or metal compounds such as ZnS, MgF, Cds, etc., or reflectance and color tone In order to adjust the optical properties such as, metal oxide films or metal compound films as described above are applied to the upper and lower layers of the metal thin film. Further, chemical conversion treatment such as rust prevention treatment can also be applied to the surface of the metal thin film. This metal thin film coated glass plate 1 may be used for only one glass plate of double-glazed glass, or may be used for two glass plates of double-glazed glass, or it may be used for three or more glass plates. In the case of multilayer double glazing made of glass, three or more glass plates may be used. In the double-glazed glass of the present invention, a sealant that does not contain sulfur or halogen, which reacts with the metal thin film and causes discoloration, corrosion, peeling, etc., is used.
Such a sealant has excellent adhesion and tackiness to glass plates and spacers, has appropriate flow characteristics, retention, elongation rate, tensile strength, and compression recovery rate, and is highly impermeable to moisture and gas. In addition, polyisobutylene sealants, butyl rubber sealants, and butyl rubber sealants that do not contain sulfur or halogen have high chemical durability.
Representative examples include polyisobutylene-butyl rubber sealants and polyisobutylene-partially vulcanized butyl rubber sealants. Such sealants that do not contain sulfur or halogen are used, for example, when manufacturing sealant base materials such as polyisobutylene or butyl rubber, those that do not contain chlorine by chlorination to increase reactivity during polymerization, and vulcanizing agents for crosslinking. It is made from materials that do not contain sulfur compounds or flame retardants made of halogen compounds. Furthermore, the sealant for double-glazed glass of the present invention preferably does not contain quince for the same reason. In such a sealant, a tackifying agent, a reinforcing filler, a non-reinforcing filler, a flexibility control agent, a flow improver, and a desiccant are added to the above-mentioned sealant base material such as polyisobutylene or butyl rubber as necessary. , and various other components can be added. For example, reinforcing fillers include carbon black, white carbon, silica, titanium oxide, calcium carbonate, etc., and adhesive agents include unsaturated hydrocarbon resins, coumaron resins, terpene resins, and rosin derivatives. Non-reinforcing fillers include magnesium silicate, aluminum silicate, etc. Flexibility control agents include polybutene, polybutadiene, etc. Desiccants include synthetic crystalline zeolite,
Examples include synthetic crystalline metal aluminosilicate, activated alumina, sintered silica, anhydrous calcium sulfate, and silica gel. Such a sulfur- and halogen-free sealant is used in the sealant layer 7 in the type of double glazing shown in FIG. It is used for the secondary sealant layer 8 and can also be used for the secondary sealant layer 9 if necessary. The peripheral area of the metal thin film of the metal thin film coated glass plate is
To further improve durability, the spacer or the inside of the sealant layer can be trimmed. Further, the spacer for the double-glazed glass of the present invention is usually made of metal such as aluminum or galvanized iron plate, and typically has a substantially rectangular cylindrical cross-sectional shape. The corner portion of this spacer may be formed by abutting approximately rectangular cylindrical spacers to obtain a corner at a predetermined angle, or by placing approximately rectangular cylindrical spacers at the corner portion and using a corner joint. You may also connect it. Note that the inside of this substantially rectangular cylindrical spacer can be filled with a desiccant 8 for maintaining a dry state in the interior space of the double-glazed glass. The spacer shown in Fig. 1 has a substantially rectangular cylindrical cross section, and its side surfaces are secured to the inner surfaces of the glass plates 2 and 3 with adhesive, and the outside of the spacer is filled with sealant 7. and
The spacer shown in FIG. 2 has a substantially rectangular cylindrical cross section, and is designed so that the primary sealant 8 can be filled between the side wall 3a and the hollow layer 5 side of the inner surfaces of the glass plates 1 and 2. The side wall 3a is curved inward, and the outer wall 3 of the side wall 3a of the spacer is
The b side is tapered to make it easier to fill with the secondary sealant 9, and a desiccant 8 is further placed in the hollow layer 4 of the spacer 3. In the example shown in FIG. 3, a spacer 3 made of adhesive plastic such as butyl rubber, silicone rubber, polysulfide, polyisobutylene, or polyisobutylene-butyl rubber containing desiccant powder is used, and a sealant 7 is applied on the outside of the spacer 3. It is designed so that it is filled with The primary sealant 8 for double-glazed glass of the type shown in FIG. The secondary sealant 9 to bond and hold the glass plates 1 and 2 and the spacer 3 together, and to improve the sealing properties, should have high adhesion to the glass plates 1 and 2 and the spacer 3, low gas permeability and moisture permeability, and low physical and chemical durability. High-quality sealants are selected, such as silicone sealants, polyisobutylene sealants, polysulfide sealants (Thiocol), polyurethane sealants, butyl rubber sealants, polybutadiene sealants, polybutadiene-polystyrene sealants, acrylic resin sealants, etc. Can be mentioned. Examples of the present invention will be described below. Example Primary sealants having four compositions shown in Table 1 were prepared. Samples No. 1 and No. 2 of this sealant are products of the present invention, and Samples No. 3 and No. 4 are comparative examples. Using these primary sealants of various compositions, double-glazed glass having the structure shown in FIG. 2 was created. The dimensions of the glass plates that make up this double glazing are 30cm x 30cm.
cm x 3mm, spacer height is 6mm, width is 8mm
The width of the primary sealant was 5 mm.
Note that one of the glass plates was a glass plate on which a copper coating was formed by an electroless plating method, and this copper coating was placed on the hollow layer side of the double-glazed glass. Further, a concave portion between the edge of the glass plate outside the primary sealant and the outer wall of the spacer was filled with a secondary sealant made of two-component silicone rubber to a thickness of 5 mm over the entire circumference. In this way, the double-glazed glass samples No. 1 to No. 4 were prepared using the primary sealants No. 1 to No. 4.
4 was placed in a "Tabai Platinum Sconicool" testing machine manufactured by Tabai Seisakusho Co., Ltd. in a dry atmosphere at a temperature of 60℃, and an exposure test was conducted.
FIG. 4 shows the results of measuring the degree of fading (ΔE) of the copper-coated double-glazed glass after 1 day and 90 days. In the figure, line A shows the measurement results of sample No. 1, line B shows the measurement results of sample No. 2, line C shows the measurement results of sample No. 3, and line D shows the measurement results of sample No. 4. In addition, the degree of fading (△
E) shows that the smaller the color is, the more difficult it is to fade, and when the degree of color fading ΔE is 15 or more, the color change is noticeable and can be identified even by visual observation.

[Table] As shown above, for heat-reflective double-glazed glass or electrically heated double-glazed glass that has a glass plate coated with a metal thin film, the sealant used is a polyisobutylene-based sealant that does not contain sulfur or halogen, or a sealant that contains polyisobutylene and butyl rubber. When used, the metal thin film does not react with sulfur or halogen, and can prevent discoloration, performance deterioration, peeling, etc.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

1 to 3 are partial cross-sectional views of double-glazed glass according to the present invention. Moreover, FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the degree of fading. 1... Glass plate coated with metal thin film, 2... Glass plate, 3
...Spacer, 4...Hollow layer, 5...Double glass, 6
...Metal thin film, 7...Sealant, 8...Primary sealant, 9...Secondary sealant.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1 A plurality of glass plates, at least one of which is a metal thin film coated glass plate on which a metal thin film has been formed, are spaced apart with spacers arranged around the periphery so that the metal thin film is on the inner surface, and the periphery of these glass plates is In double-glazed glass that is sealed with a sealant provided on the part, the above-mentioned sealant is a sealant mainly composed of polyisobutylene that does not contain sulfur and/or halogen, or a sealant that contains polyisobutylene and butyl rubber that does not contain sulfur and/or halogen. Improved double glazing characterized by the use of.