JPS6223541Y2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] The present invention relates to a device for treating laughing gas in surplus anesthetic gas.

It has been revealed that inhaling anesthetic gas leaked into an operating room for a long period of time can cause health problems for doctors and nurses working in the operating room. Therefore, the US National Institute for Occupational
Safety and Health (NIOSH) recommends that the concentration of leaked anesthetic gas in the operating room be kept below 25 ppm of laughing gas and 0.5 ppm of halothane. Due to this situation, measures to prevent anesthetic gas contamination in operating rooms have recently attracted attention, and a small number of hospitals are beginning to install devices to remove excess anesthetic gas. This discharge device is a device that uses a pump to suck in excess anesthetic gas, which is exhaled air from a patient, and discharges it directly to the outdoors. Although the use of this evacuation device is certainly effective in reducing the concentration of anesthetic gas in the operating room, on the other hand, it may spread anesthetic gas contamination to the surrounding area of the hospital, resulting in secondary pollution. Therefore, when exhausting excess anesthetic gas using an exhaust device, it is necessary to remove or detoxify the anesthetic gas contained therein as much as possible, rather than exhausting it as is. The anesthetic gases mainly used in the operating room are laughing gas (nitrous oxide, N ₂ O) and halothane (1,1,1-trifluoro-2-bromo-2-chloroethane).
Anesthetizing gases other than laughing gas, such as halothane, are well adsorbed on activated carbon, so by incorporating an activated carbon canister into the surplus anesthetic gas discharge device, it is possible to adsorb and remove them relatively easily. On the other hand, there is currently no known practical method for removing laughing gas. Therefore, the current situation is that the laughing gas in the surplus anesthetic gas has no choice but to be discharged outdoors. In view of this fact, the applicant of the present application has conducted various studies on the decomposition of laughing gas using various catalysts in order to detoxify the laughing gas in surplus anesthetic gas.

As a result, they discovered that a catalyst containing a mixture of cupric oxide and chromium oxide has high catalytic activity, produces small amounts of nitrogen dioxide and nitrogen monoxide as by-products, and is less susceptible to halothane poisoning. The application is being filed. (Japanese Patent Application No. 54-37947) However, in order to effectively decompose laughing gas using such a catalyst,
The excess anesthetic gas needs to be brought into contact with the catalyst for at least 0.2 seconds at a temperature of 250 to 650°C. Below 250℃,
It is difficult to sufficiently decompose laughing gas into nitrogen and oxygen, and it is preferable for safety reasons to use high temperatures of 650°C or higher in facilities such as hospitals.

Therefore, it is necessary for a laughing gas treatment device to not only satisfy the above conditions, but also to effectively use the energy for heating the catalyst to provide a safe device with little energy loss.

The inventor of the present invention has arrived at the present invention as a result of intensive studies to provide a laughing gas treatment device that satisfies the above conditions and can efficiently decompose laughing gas. In other words, the present invention consists of a container filled with a catalyst that decomposes laughing gas into nitrogen and oxygen and having a discharge port for the decomposed gas at the top, and a gas discharge device wound around the outside of the container to discharge the excess anesthetic gas. A gas supply pipe whose tip is sealed and has a connecting port connected to the pipe, and whose tip is hermetically inserted into the bottom of the container, and a gas outlet which is bored into the gas supply pipe inserted into the container. This is a device for processing surplus anesthetic gas laughing gas, which is composed of a hole and a heater that heats a catalyst provided on the outside of the supply pipe.

Next, an example of the device of the present invention will be explained with reference to the drawings.
Fig. 1 is an explanatory diagram of the use of the device of the present invention, in which the device is installed in the vicinity of an anesthesia machine 1, and is equipped with a gas gas which has the function of discharging anesthetic gas from the anesthesia machine when the flow path pressure in the anesthesia machine exceeds a certain pressure. A trap 2, an air reservoir 3 for diluting exhaust gas with air at one end of a T-tube provided at the outlet of the trap, and a gas connected to a delivery pipe 4 connected to the other end of the T-tube. Exhaust monitor 5 has a built-in flow monitor, pressure monitor, etc., and a pump 7 that is connected to the monitor by a discharge pipe 6 and sucks and discharges gas. Gas supply pipe 8 supplied to the invented laughing gas processing device 9
are connected. The device disclosed in Japanese Utility Model Application No. 54-26896 can be used as the above-mentioned surplus anesthetic gas discharge device. The detailed structure of the laughing gas processing device is shown in FIG.

In this device, a catalyst 12 is filled in a cylindrical container 11 having an outlet 10 for decomposed gas at the top. A gas supply pipe 14 is wound around the outside of the container in a coil shape and has a gas inlet 13 at the top for introducing the gas discharged from the anesthetic gas discharge device, and the end of the pipe is inserted into the bottom of the container. has been done. The tip of the tube is sealed. A large number of gas ejection holes 15 are bored at the lower end of the tube inserted into the container. The outside of the gas supply pipe is surrounded by a flat electric heater 16. Furthermore, the entire structure is covered with a heat insulating material 17. The material of the gas supply pipe of the container used in this device may be any material as long as it can withstand high temperatures of about 650°C and is durable, preferably stainless steel or the like. Further, the container can have various shapes such as a cylinder and a rectangular cylinder. It is necessary to fill the amount of the catalyst so that the decomposition rate of laughing gas is 95% or more, and for this purpose, it can be appropriately selected depending on the amount of anesthetic gas discharged, the gas heating temperature, etc. Further, the heater may be an electric heater or steam. However, an electric heater whose temperature can be easily controlled is preferred for the device of the present invention.

Next, a method of using the device of the present invention will be explained.

The surplus anesthetic gas discharged from the anesthesia machine is diluted with air by the air reservoir constituting the surplus anesthetic gas discharge device and discharged by the discharge pump, after which it is filled with a catalyst constituting the laughing gas treatment device 9 of the present invention. The tip of the container 11 wound around the outside is preheated by a gas supply pipe 14 inserted through the bottom of the container and introduced into the container through a gas jet hole 15 formed at the end of the pipe. The preheated gas comes into contact with a catalyst heated to 250-650°C, and after the laughing gas contained in the gas reacts with the catalyst and is decomposed into nitrogen and oxygen, the gas is discharged through the gas outlet 10 formed at the top of the container. released into the atmosphere. For safety, the device of the present invention may be installed entirely within a housing, and the decomposed high-temperature gas may be diluted with air within the housing to lower its temperature, and then released into the atmosphere. For this purpose, the housing needs to have enough volume to dilute the high-temperature gas. Furthermore, it goes without saying that it may be released into the atmosphere as it is without using a casing.

Although FIG. 1 shows a combination of one excess anesthetic gas evacuation device and one decomposition device, it can also be used in combination with several evacuation devices.

With the above configuration, the device of the present invention has the following advantages as a device for treating laughing gas in surplus anesthetic gas.

(1) Can be miniaturized and can be installed anywhere.

(2) It is inexpensive.

(3) Heat radiation loss can be suppressed and energy can be used effectively.

(4) The number of combined discharge devices can be expanded from one to several.

(5) Suitable for continuous and repeated use.

(6) It can be universally applied not only to special purposes such as the decomposition treatment of laughing gas, but also to the decomposition treatment of other gases.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The drawings show an example of the device of the present invention, and FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of the use of the device of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of the structure. 1... Anesthesia machine, 9... Laughing gas processing device, 11...
...Container, 14...Gas supply pipe, 15...Gas outlet, 16...Heater.

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] A container that is filled with a catalyst that decomposes laughing gas into nitrogen and oxygen and has an exhaust port for the decomposed gas at the top, and is connected to a gas exhaust pipe of a surplus anesthetic gas exhaust device that is wound around the outside of the container. a gas supply pipe whose tip is sealed and has a connecting port, and whose tip portion is hermetically inserted into the bottom of the container; and a plurality of gas outlet holes drilled in the gas supply pipe inserted into the container. ,
A device for treating laughing gas in surplus anesthetic gas, comprising a heater that heats a catalyst provided outside the supply pipe.