JPS62228617A - Combustion accelerator for internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To aim at the promotion of low fuel consumption and higher output in an internal combustion engine, by installing an irradiating device irradiating ultraviolet light to a combustion chamber at the specified, and also an oxide injection device injecting an oxide into the combustion chamber. CONSTITUTION:An ultraviolet light generating device 8 generating ultraviolet light is set up in the upper part of a combustion chamber 3. There is provided with an irradiating device 21 which is designed so as to irradiate ultraviolet light of a specified wavelength of the ultraviolet light out of the ultraviolet light generating device 8 to the inside from the center of a combustion chamber 3. Also there is provided with an oxide injection device 22 which injects an oxide into the combustion chamber 3. The ultraviolet light is irradiated to the combustion chamber at the specified timing, and a large quantity of active seeds are generated out of the preinjected oxide, while a fuel molecule is excited into a high level, and a radical reaction of this fuel molecule is activated. Thus, the promotion of low fuel consumption and higher output in an internal combustion engine is attainable.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to a combustion promotion device for an internal combustion engine, and particularly to one that improves the combustion of an air-fuel mixture in a combustion chamber from a chemical standpoint.

(Conventional technology) Introducing a lean burn system, increasing the compression ratio, or increasing supercharging have been known as techniques to improve fuel efficiency and increase output of internal combustion engines. It is necessary to reduce the ignition error to achieve rapid ignition, and to increase the combustion speed to achieve rapid combustion.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) Incidentally, in the combustion reaction of the fuel components of the air-fuel mixture, as shown in the chemical reaction formula below, the paraffinic components and aromatic components, which are the main components of the fuel, undergo an OH process. Due to the radicalization reaction in which radicals are converted into radicals by collision with radicals such as 'OR+ CHO,! l:R2CH
It is known that the initial reaction consists of a decomposition reaction in which R20 is decomposed into R2CH20, and a rapid continuous branching reaction in which this R+CHO and R2CH20 are further disintegrated in a chain reaction.

Therefore, when analyzing the combustion process during ignition in a conventional spark-ignition internal combustion engine from a chemical perspective as a combustion reaction, it is found that the instantaneous energy during discharge causes ions such as ions and OH2 near the spark plug. Ignition is achieved by the generation of radicals, which collide with fuel molecules, triggering the above-mentioned reaction (a) and a rapid chain branching reaction.

However, in this case, if we focus on the pre-stage of the radicalization reaction mentioned above, since the L energy imparted to the fuel molecules during discharge is thermal energy, much of the -L energy absorbs the translational axis energy of the fuel molecules. Since the energy used to increase the amount of fuel and contribute to the excitation of fuel molecules for the radicalization reaction is small, the combustion reaction is not very active, and it takes some time from discharge to ignition.
Along with this, there is the problem that the combustion speed becomes slow.

By the way, Jin! ! ! In order to achieve ignition and rapid combustion, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 57-28872 discloses that a He-N0 gas laser vi or COz gas sea 1.1'' device is installed in the internal combustion '11II'IO as an ignition device for the internal combustion engine. A wavelength of 500 to 70oIII is transmitted from the laser device to the combustion chamber.
There is a known method in which the combustion reaction of the air-fuel mixture in the combustion chamber is promoted by irradiating a laser beam of No. 11 with high-density energy of the laser beam.

However, although this proposal can certainly impart dense energy to fuel molecules, the radical generation reaction itself is the same as in the case of spark ignition, so the amount of radicals generated is less than that of spark ignition. There is no big difference from the case of . Moreover, the above energy imparting mechanism is based on the 02 in the mixture.
Alternatively, photons are absorbed by fuel molecules to increase the kinetic or rotational energy of the molecules, and this is converted into thermal energy, so fuel molecules can be excited to a level similar to the above-mentioned spark ignition. However, the objectives of rapid ignition and rapid combustion cannot be fully achieved.

The present invention was developed in view of the above, and its purpose is to inject oxides into the combustion chamber and irradiate the combustion chamber with ultraviolet light to dissociate the oxides and create radicals. Generates a large amount of active species that have the same effect as 33, excites fuel molecules to a high level, and advances the radicalization reaction of fuel molecules at multiple points in the combustion chamber at once to achieve rapid ignition and rapid combustion. It is in.

(Means for Solving the Problem) In order to achieve the above object, the solution means of the present invention includes an ultraviolet light generating means for generating ultraviolet light, and a method for distributing the ultraviolet light generated by the ultraviolet light generating means in a predetermined manner. This configuration includes an irradiation means for irradiating the combustion chamber with timing, and an oxide injection means for injecting oxide into the combustion chamber.

(Function) With the above configuration, in the present invention, when the air-fuel mixture is sucked into the combustion chamber, the oxide is injected, and the ultraviolet light is illuminated.
A large amount of active species are generated from the oxide in response to this ultraviolet light. In addition, the ultraviolet light excites the fuel component t to a high level,
Together with the collision of the active species with the fuel molecules, the radicalization reaction core is activated, which accelerates the progress of the reaction in the combustion process, causing ignition to occur at multiple points in the combustion chamber at once, resulting in rapid combustion. Combustion will take place.

(Example) Embodiments of the present invention will be described below based on the drawings.

FIG. 1 shows an internal combustion engine equipped with a combustion promotion device according to an embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, 1 is a cylinder, 2 is a piston inserted into the cylinder 1, and 3 is a hemispherical combustion chamber formed above the cylinder 1. An intake boat 4 for supplying intake air to the combustion chamber 3 and an exhaust port 5 for discharging exhaust gas from the combustion chamber 3 are connected to each other,
The intake port 4 is provided with an intake valve 6, and the exhaust port 5 is provided with an exhaust valve 7.

Further, above the combustion chamber 3, an ultraviolet light generating means 8 for generating ultraviolet light is arranged. The ultraviolet light generating means 8
includes an ultraviolet light source lamp 10 made of a xenon lamp or a deuterium lamp that is connected to a light source power source 9 and emits ultraviolet light when energized from the light source power source 9; A coil 12 is provided, which is connected to a power source 11 for light emission and causes the ultraviolet light source lamp 10 to emit ultraviolet light when energized from the power source 11 for light emission.

Further, on the combustion chamber side of the ultraviolet light generating means 8, a convex lens 13 that converges the ultraviolet light in order toward the combustion chamber 3;
A specific wavelength from ultraviolet light (e.g. 200RII11-3
Selective Hara filter 14 that selects ultraviolet light of >90 mm
A convex lens 15 that further converges the ultraviolet light is shown disposed, and an ultraviolet transmitting window 16 made of quartz is disposed in the center of the combustion chamber 3 so as to face the convex lens 15. An irradiation means 21 is configured to irradiate the interior of the combustion chamber 3 with ultraviolet light of a specific wavelength among the ultraviolet light from the ultraviolet light generation means 8 from the center of the combustion chamber 3.

Further, from the exhaust bow 1 to 5, a branch passage 17 for branching the exhaust gas is branched, and the branch passage 17 is connected to the injector 1.
It opens into the earthen wall of the combustion chamber 3 through a pipe 8. A discharge boat of an air pump 19 is connected to the middle of the diversion passage 17, and the air from the air pump 19 is mixed with the exhaust air diverted from the exhaust port 5, and NO in the exhaust air is oxidized to NO2. The fuel is injected into the combustion chamber 3 from the injector 18. In addition, since the oxidation of No is an endothermic reaction, N also oxidizes when fresh air enters the cylinder during the compression stroke of the cylinder 1.

2 is generated.

The light source FFL source 9, the light emitting power source 11, and the injector 18 are controlled by the electric control unit 20 to which the engine speed signal, boost pressure signal, and crank angle signal are input.

Next, to explain the operation of the electric control unit 20, when each signal of engine rotation speed and boost pressure is input to the electric control unit 20, the ignition timing and the ignition timing according to the engine rotation speed and load are determined. The irradiation timing of the ultraviolet light is determined, signals are output to the light source power source 9 and the light emitting power source 11, the combustion chamber 3 is irradiated with the ultraviolet light, and a signal is also output to the injector 18. The procedure for this irradiation is as shown in FIG. When the light starts to be charged and the irradiation time comes, the light emitting power source 11 is energized to cause the ultraviolet light source lamp 10 to emit ultraviolet light, and the voltage supplied to the light source power source 9 is increased to the rated voltage for a predetermined period (for example, 50 μsec).
>It is energized. Further, as shown in FIG. 2, signals are input to the injector 18 during a predetermined period from just before the firing time until January 18 when the voltage application to the light source power supply 9 ends.

With the above configuration, the oxide injection means 22 injects oxide into the combustion chamber 3 in timing with the irradiation of ultraviolet light by the irradiation means 21 which irradiates the combustion chamber 3 with the ultraviolet light generated by the ultraviolet light generation means 8. is configured.

Then, when the injector 18 is activated, N02 is sucked into the combustion chamber 3 from the injector 18, and this N
When exposed to ultraviolet light, O2 causes the dissociation anti-window shown in the following formula, and is a highly reactive active species ○(' P2 )
is generated and dispersed within the combustion chamber 3.

NO2(X2A+ >-NO(X'π) 〇 ('F'2) On the other hand, when the fuel molecules in the combustion chamber 3 are irradiated with ultraviolet light, the aromatic components are Electron rearrangement occurs, resulting in a higher level of excitation than that caused by thermal or infrared molecular rotation or molecular imaging.
This is accomplished in a short period of time on the order of SeO. In addition, the olefinic components of the fuel molecules are also excited in the same way as the aromatic components (R+ CH= CHR2→R+
CH=CR2), whereas the varaffinic component is completely transparent to ultraviolet light and no excitation occurs.

In this way, a large amount of highly reactive active species collide with fuel molecules of aromatic components and olefinic components in which the fuel molecules are excited to a high level, thereby activating the radicalization reaction of these components. This accelerates the progress of the reactions in the combustion process, resulting in ignition and combustion.

Therefore, in the above embodiment, a large number of active species 0 (3P, 1) dispersed in the combustion chamber 33 become the nuke and are ignited at multiple points in the combustion chamber 3 at once, resulting in rapid ignition. At the same time, the excitation and activation of fuel molecules increases the combustion speed and enables rapid combustion.Therefore, the combustibility of internal combustion engines can be improved in lean burn systems, high compression ratios, high supercharging, etc. It is possible to achieve lower fuel consumption and higher output.

In addition, the dissociation energy (about 73,2 kcal,/mal) of N O2 subjected to the dissociation reaction is
! .

Dissociation energy of No., 02, etc. (approximately 100 kcal
/mat or more), the dissociation reaction can be sufficiently caused by ultraviolet light in the wavelength range of 200 to 390 IRI11, which is higher than the wavelength range of vacuum ultraviolet light, making it practical -C.

In the above embodiment, the material of the ultraviolet transmitting window 16 is as follows:
In addition to quartz, lithium fluoride, calcium fluoride, sodium chloride, potassium chloride, potassium bromide, etc. may be used.

(Effects of the Invention) As explained above, according to the combustion promotion device for an internal combustion engine of the present invention, ultraviolet light is irradiated into the combustion chamber at a predetermined timing, and a large amount of active species is extracted from the oxides injected in advance. At the same time, the fuel molecules are excited to a level of 0 to activate the radical reaction of the fuel molecules, so multi-point T' ignition is achieved in the combustion chamber, allowing rapid ignition and rapid combustion. This can effectively reduce the effects of lower fuel consumption and higher output of the internal combustion engine due to higher compression ratios or higher supercharging.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an overall schematic configuration diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing the irradiation timing of ultraviolet light. 3... Combustion chamber, 8... Ultraviolet light generating means, 21...
Irradiation means, 22... Oxide injection means.

Claims (1)

[Claims] (1) An ultraviolet light generating means for generating ultraviolet light, an irradiation means for irradiating the combustion chamber with the ultraviolet light generated by the ultraviolet light generating means at a predetermined timing, and an oxide injection means for injecting oxide into the combustion chamber. A combustion accelerating device for an internal combustion engine, characterized by comprising: