JPS62223412A - Combustion promoting equipment of internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To prevent any creation of knocking certainly and enable an internal combustion engine to have high compression ratio by disposing a ultraviolet radiation control means which radiates ultraviolet ray to the combustion chamber to promote activating reaction of fuel molecule at closer position to a firing means. CONSTITUTION:An ignition means 6 which fires mixture gas supplied into a combustion chamber is disposed at the upper central position thereof. A ultraviolet ray generating means 8 which radiates ultraviolet ray is disposed above said combustion chamber 5. A radiation control means 18 radiates ultraviolet ray generated by the ultraviolet ray generating means 8 to the inside of the combustion chamber 5 at to promote radical reaction of fuel molecule at close point to the ignition means 6. Knocking generation engine be increased, and the actual effect of supercharging ratio be realized.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] (Industrial Application Field) The present invention relates to a combustion promotion device for an internal combustion engine, and in particular to a device that prevents the occurrence of knocking by chemically controlling the combustion of an air-fuel mixture in a combustion chamber. Regarding.

(Prior Art) Conventionally, one of the ways to improve the thermal efficiency of an internal combustion engine is to set the compression ratio of the engine to a high value.
A device 4t1 is used as a supercharger for supercharging intake air.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) However, in internal combustion engines with such high compression ratios, the combustion pressure rises rapidly, so there is a problem that knocking, which is self-ignition occurring in the end zone of the combustion chamber, is likely to occur. be.

Further, similar problems tend to occur in supercharged internal combustion engines because the intake pressure is high. In this case, as a countermeasure to prevent the occurrence of knocking, fuel with a high octane rating is used to increase the ignition delay, but this reduces the pressure and temperature in the end zone, resulting in poor output performance and emission performance.
I feel bad. In addition, various measures have been attempted by generating swirl or selecting the position of the spark plug, but at present no significant improvement has been achieved.

By the way, one known ignition device for an internal combustion engine is one in which light energy is introduced into the combustion chamber through a light transmitting material to form a focal point, and the air-fuel mixture is ignited by this light energy. Kaisho 55-102
See Publication No. 075>.

Therefore, by installing multiple ignition devices like this, the air-fuel mixture is ignited at multiple points in the combustion chamber and combusted all at once.
It is possible to try to prevent knocking.

However, in this case, since a large amount of energy is required to ignite the air-fuel mixture using light energy, the problem of energy supply -L makes it impractical to apply to a vehicle internal combustion engine.

In view of this point, the present invention has been made by focusing on the following characteristics of the combustion process. Zuna? ), 1 ml of internal combustion engine fuel mainly consists of paraffinic components and aromatic components, and in the combustion process, as shown in the chemical reaction formula below, both components are converted into radicals by collision with radicals such as ○HX. The first reaction, which consists of a radicalization reaction and a decomposition reaction in which 02 is decomposed into R+ CHO and RzCH20, is carried out in a light manner, and this R+
It is known that Cl-1○ and R2CHzO undergo a rapid chain branching reaction in which lfi is broken down in a chain manner. Before the present invention, the present invention was conceived based on the knowledge that this early reaction constitutes the rate-determining process, and the purpose was to solve the central role of this Oh light reaction.
The aim is to spatially control the generation of radicals that perform the following functions using ultraviolet rays, thereby improving the anti-knocking properties of internal combustion engines.

(Means for solving the problem) In order to achieve the above object, the solving means of the present invention includes an ignition means for igniting the air-fuel mixture in a combustion chamber, an ultraviolet light generation means for generating ultraviolet light, and an ultraviolet light generating means for generating ultraviolet light. 11; irradiation control means for irradiating the combustion chamber with the ultraviolet light generated by the generation means so that the activation reaction rate of the fuel molecules increases as the proximity to the ignition means increases;
111.

(Function) With the above configuration, in the present invention, when the combustion chamber is irradiated with ultraviolet light, the fuel molecules are excited in response to the ultraviolet light and their radicalization reaction is activated, thereby activating the combustion process. The progress of the first stage reaction is promoted and rapid combustion is achieved.

At this time, the activation reaction rate that governs the excitation activation of fuel molecules is spatially controlled υj, and the excitation of fuel molecules close to the ignition means becomes larger, resulting in a faster flame propagation speed. Therefore, self-ignition occurs in the end zone away from the ignition means, and flI<, thereby preventing the occurrence of non-king.

(Example) Embodiments of the present invention will be described below based on the drawings.

FIG. 1 shows a combustion promoting device according to an embodiment of the present invention (I.11).
This figure shows an internal combustion engine that has been developed. In the same figure, 1 is cylinder tab 1.
A cylinder is formed between a cylinder 2 and a cylinder head 3, and a piston 4 is slidably inserted into the cylinder 1. At the lower end of the cylinder head 3,
A combustion chamber 5 opening into the cylinder 1 is formed. An ignition means 6 for igniting the air-fuel mixture supplied to the combustion chamber 5 is arranged in the upper center of the combustion chamber 5, and the ignition means 6 is connected to an igniter power source 7.

Further, above the combustion chamber 5, an ultraviolet light generating means 8 for generating ultraviolet light is arranged. The ultraviolet light generating means 8
(Y) is connected to the light source power source 9 and when energized from the light source power source 9 (this is connected to the ultraviolet light source lamp 10 made of a xenon lamp or deuterium lamp that charges ultraviolet light, and the ultraviolet light source lamp 10 is wound around the ultraviolet light source lamp 10). and 1 to 12 which are connected to the light emitting power source 11 and cause the ultraviolet light source lamp 10 to emit ultraviolet light when energized from the light emitting power source 11.
I'm angry.

Further, the ultraviolet light generated from the ultraviolet light generating means 8 is outputted to the side of the combustion chamber 5 through an optical fiber cable 13, and the side of the combustion chamber 5 of the optical fiber cable 13 is In order.

A concave lens 14 that expands the solid angle of irradiation of ultraviolet light and a selective wavelength filter 15 that selects a specific wavelength of ultraviolet light from the ultraviolet light are arranged, and a side wall of the combustion chamber 5 is provided with a UV transmitting filter made of quartz. A window 16 is arranged so as to face the selective wavelength filter 15, and is configured to illuminate substantially the entire area of the combustion chamber 5 with ultraviolet light of a specific wavelength among the ultraviolet light from the ultraviolet light generating means 8. ing.

Here, the selective wavelength filter '15 is formed by stacking three filters 158 to 15C with different specific wavelengths in three stages, upper and lower, and the filter 15a in the upper stage has 24
The middle filter 15b is arranged to transmit only ultraviolet light of 0 to 260 mm and to irradiate this ultraviolet light to the lower space 5a of the combustion chamber 5 including the vicinity of the ignition means 6.
The lower filter 15C is arranged to transmit only ultraviolet light of 0 to 240 mm and to irradiate this ultraviolet light to the middle space 5b of the combustion chamber 5.
Only 0mm ultraviolet light is allowed to pass through, and this ultraviolet light is directed to the lower space 5C of the combustion chamber 5 including the end zone 5a! )J
It is arranged so that l, n.

The igniter power source γ, light source power source 9, and light emitting power source 11 are each input with one number each of engine speed, boost pressure, crank angle, intake air temperature, combustion chamber wall temperature, and air-fuel ratio. Also electric control unit 1
Controlled by 7.

Next, to explain the operation of the electric control unit 17, when each signal of engine speed and boost pressure is input to the electric control unit 17, the engine operating state (ignition 114i light and ultraviolet light according to (B) The timing of light irradiation is changed to a large window, and at the timing shown in FIG.
A signal is output to the light emitting power source 11, and ultraviolet light is emitted into the combustion chamber 5 through the illumination port 4.

Then, when the air-fuel mixture in the combustion chamber 5 is irradiated with ultraviolet light,
In the aromatic components of the fuel molecules in the air-fuel mixture, the energy of ultraviolet light causes a rearrangement of electrons, resulting in a higher level of excitation than in the case of molecular rotation or molecular imaging using thermal infrared light. It is done in a short period of time on the order of seconds. In addition, the olefinic components of the fuel molecules are also excited in the same way as the aromatic components (R+C11= CI-I R2→R+ CH=CR2
), on the other hand, paraffinic components are completely transparent to ultraviolet light.

No excitation occurs. In this way, the excitation of aromatic components and olefinic components increases the radical tj of these components.
The combustion reaction is activated, which promotes the progress of the combustion reaction and causes combustion to occur at a rapid rate.

At that time, as shown in Figure 3, the ultraviolet light absorption of benzene, which is the main component of the fuel, is in the wavelength range of 260 to 300 mm,
220~240m+, 240~26011+
Since the fuel molecules in the combustion chamber 5 do not exhibit the characteristic of increasing in the order of wavelength selection filters 15a to 11, the fuel molecules in the combustion chamber 5 are
Depending on the specific wavelength of 15C, the ultraviolet light absorbance increases in the order of the lower space 5c, the middle distillation space 5b, and the Kamioka space 5a, and accordingly controls the excitation activation of fuel molecules. The activation reaction rate also increases. Therefore, the electric control unit 17 controls the irradiation control means 18 that irradiates the combustion chamber 5 with the ultraviolet light generated by the ultraviolet light generation means 8 so that the closer to the ignition means 6 the higher the 1 activation reaction rate of the fuel molecules is. is configured.

Therefore, in the embodiment described above, the fuel molecules in the air-fuel mixture are excited and activated by the ultraviolet light irradiated into the combustion chamber 5, so that the air-fuel mixture can be burned at zero speed.

Moreover, the fuel molecules in the combustion chamber 5 are filtered by the selective wavelength filter 1.
Depending on the specific wavelength of each of the filters 158 to 15C of 5, the closer to the ignition means 6 the activation reaction speed increases, the excitation density increases, and the flame propagation speed becomes faster. Self-ignition is less likely to occur in a dry end zone, making it possible to reliably prevent knocking, thereby increasing the effectiveness of increasing the compression ratio and supercharging of the internal combustion engine.

In addition, -[In the above example, the wavelength is 220 m1Il to 3o.

I tried to select +++m ultraviolet light, but the wavelength was 19
By selecting ultraviolet light of Qvn to 220IIIm, ozone can be generated in the air-fuel mixture, and combustion can be promoted due to the reactivity of this ozone.

Further, as the material of the ultraviolet light passing window 16, lithium fluoride, calcium fluoride, mono-lithium chloride, potassium chloride, or potassium bromide may be used in addition to the above.

Further, FIG. 4 does not show a modified example of ultraviolet irradiation.

Furthermore, an ultraviolet light passing window 16' is arranged around the T1 pole of the ignition means 6', and as shown in FIG.
This ignition causes ignition and the flame begins to propagate before being irradiated with ultraviolet light. By timing this way, the large hole is irradiated with ultraviolet light from the rear side (ignition means side), so that the combustion reaction part J5 at the center of the flame and the combustion unreaction part at the leading edge of the flame T: Ultraviolet light is actively irradiated to promote excitation and activation of fuel molecules, resulting in rapid combustion.

In addition, since the flame acts as a barrier to ultraviolet light, it is difficult for ultraviolet light to leak to the front side of the flame and to irradiate the end zone, so the fuel molecules in the end zone are not excited and activated, and their self-ignition is prevented. This makes it possible to reliably prevent the occurrence of knocking.

As shown in Figure 5, if the irradiation time of ultraviolet light is shifted to decrease as the crank angle progresses, the combustion speed after ignition will become even faster, and the temperature of the air-fuel mixture will increase as it approaches the end zone. Since the pressure is high, it is desirable from the viewpoint of promoting rapid combustion.

(Effects of the Invention) As explained above, according to the combustion promotion device for an internal combustion engine of the present invention, ultraviolet light is irradiated into the combustion chamber so that the activation reaction rate of fuel molecules increases as the proximity to the ignition means increases. As a result, rapid combustion occurs due to the excitation and activation of fuel molecules, and the fuel molecules close to the ignition means are highly excited to form radicals, increasing the flame propagation speed to the end far from the ignition means. This makes it difficult for self-ignition to occur in the zone, making it possible to reliably prevent the occurrence of knocking, thereby increasing the compression ratio of the internal combustion engine and increasing the failure of the supercharging ratio.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is an overall schematic configuration diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing the irradiation timing of ultraviolet light, Fig. 3 is a diagram showing the ultraviolet light absorption characteristics of benzene, and Fig. 4 is a modification example. FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram showing the F, 1104 timing of the ultraviolet light. 5... Combustion chamber, 6.6'... Ignition means, 8... Ultraviolet light generation means, 18... Irradiation control means. Patent applicant Mazda Motor Corporation

Claims (1)

[Claims] (1) An ignition means that ignites the air-fuel mixture in the combustion chamber, an ultraviolet light generation means that generates ultraviolet light, and the closer the ultraviolet light generated by the ultraviolet light generation means is to the ignition means, the faster the activation reaction of fuel molecules. 1. A combustion promotion device for an internal combustion engine, comprising: irradiation control means for irradiating a combustion chamber so as to increase the amount of irradiation.