JPS62217845A - Motor - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain a high torque by furnishing a motor with a cylindrical coil frame having an axis of rotation in the center, coils on the peripheral face of this frame, permanent magnets arranged through a gap, a yoke forming a closed magnetic circuit through the gap, flux-focusing yokes arranged along axial components and magnetizing yokes provided in the manner of covering pole faces. CONSTITUTION:A motor is furnished with a cylindrical coil frame 1 having an axis of rotation 18 in the center, coils 2, 3 provided on the peripheral face of this frame, permanent magnets 5, 6 with pole faces N or S opposite to the coils 2, 3 through a gap 4, a yoke 9 retaining these magnets and forming a closed magnetic circuit through the gap 4, flux-focusing yokes 12, 13 arranged along axial components 10, 11 in parallel with the axial direction of the frame 1 and magnetizing yokes 14, 15 provided in the manner of covering the pole faces N or S. A magnetic flux phi coming into and out of the pole faces N, S is focused on the flux-focusing yokes 12, 13 and the axial components 10, 11 of the coils 2, 3 make an interlinkage with this focused portion of the flux to permit obtaining a large Lorentz's force and a high torque.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] 〔Technical field〕 The present invention relates to a motor.

[Background technology]

Conventional means for increasing the rotational torque of a motor are as follows, but all of them have drawbacks. In other words, the air gap is made smaller and the magnetic resistance is made smaller. The means to increase the n flux density is to increase the gap distance from 0.1 to 0.21.
is the limit, and if it is made smaller than this, assembly becomes difficult and costs increase.

In addition, methods for increasing the excitation current applied to the coil or increasing the number of turns in the coil generate heat in the former case, making it impossible to downsize due to cooling, and later on, the quality of the coil and the moment of inertia become large. Therefore, even if the torque increases, acceleration performance does not necessarily improve.

Means using permanent 66 stones such as rare earth materials with a large energy product or permanent magnets with a large shape result in a cost Q due to the high magnet grinding cost.

Using a magnetic material (iron, etc.) for the entire coil frame or the cylindrical part to reduce the air gap and increase the sit torque increases the inductance and moment of inertia of the coil, resulting in a large delay with respect to the input voltage, resulting in coreless Motor acceleration performance deteriorates.

[Object of the Invention] An object of the present invention is to provide a motor that can easily obtain a high torque.

[Disclosure of the invention]

This invention includes a cylindrical coil frame having a rotation axis at the center;
A coil is provided such that the coil plane follows the circumferential surface of the coil frame, and a coil is disposed with a gap between the outer circumferential side and the inner circumferential side of the coil frame so that one magnetic pole surface is m
a permanent magnet facing the coil, having one end on the outer periphery of the coil frame and the other end on the inner periphery of the coil frame to hold the permanent magnet and forming a closed magnetic path through the air gap; a Tft flux convergence yoke disposed in the coil frame along an axial component parallel to at least the axial direction of the coil frame, and a magnetic pole surface of the permanent magnet facing the coil. It is equipped with a magnetic flux collecting yoke provided to cover the magnetic field.

According to this invention, the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet flows through the magnetic flux collection yoke and the magnetic flux convergence yoke via the air gap, and the axial component of the coil interlinks with the magnetic flux passing through the magnetic flux correction east yoke where the magnetic flux is concentrated. Efficiency is improved and high torque can be easily obtained. That is, since there is no need to reduce the gap as in the conventional case, the structure is not complicated, and assembly is easy and inexpensive.

Furthermore, since the excitation current and the number of coil turns are not increased, it is possible to downsize the device, reduce the moment of inertia, and improve acceleration performance. Furthermore, compared to the conventional method, when the same permanent magnet is used, the torque is increased, and when the torque is made the same, the volume of the permanent magnet can be made smaller and the energy product can be made smaller. Since the magnetic flux convergence yoke is used only in a part of the coil frame and the entire coil frame is not made of magnetic material, the inductance of the coil is small, the current rises well, and the acceleration performance is good.

Although it is a vertical type with a large length in the axial direction, large torque can be obtained without increasing the length in the radial direction.

Embodiment A first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 4. In other words, this motor has a rotating shaft 1 at the center.
8, a coil 2.3 provided so that the coil plane follows the circumferential surface of the coil frame l,
A permanent magnet 5.6 is disposed on at least one of the outer circumferential side and the inner circumferential side of the coil frame 1 with a gap 4 in between, and has one magnetic pole surface N or S facing the coils 2 and 3, and the coil frame l. a yoke 9 having one end 7 on the outer periphery of the coil frame l and the other end 8 on the inner periphery of the coil frame l to hold the permanent magnet 5°6 and form a closed magnetic path through the air gap 4;
and an axial component 10.1 of the coil 2.3 which is at least parallel to the axial direction of the coil frame 1 in the coil frame l.
1, and an I[fi yoke 14 provided so as to cover the magnetic pole faces N or S facing the coils 2 and 3 of the permanent magnets 5 and 6.
゜15.

The coil frame l is made of synthetic resin, in order to improve acceleration performance.
Using a non-conductive and non-magnetic material such as ceramic, it is integrally molded or bonded to form a cylindrical shape having an opening 16 at one end and a mounting hole 17 at the other end. The rotation shaft 18 is integrally attached to the attachment hole 17.

The coils 2 and 3 are each formed into a rectangular plane, curved into an arc so that the coil plane corresponds to the circumferential surface of the coil frame I, and are provided at symmetrical positions on the outer circumferential surface of the coil frame I.

The magnetic flux convergence yoke 12.13 is an arc plate-shaped body made of a magnetic material such as iron, and corresponds to the axial component 10.11 of the coil 2.3 on the inner peripheral surface side of the coil frame l. It is provided only in this part.

The yoke 9 is made of a magnetic material such as iron, and has one end 7
forms an outer cylinder, and the other end 8 forms a coaxial inner cylinder, with one end being open. A bearing 19 is disposed at the center of the other end portion 8 via a connecting cylinder 21, and the rotating shaft 18 is supported by the bearing I9. Being noticed,
A coil frame 1 is interposed between the one end 7 and the other end 8.

The permanent magnets 5.6 have a low plate shape, and are oriented in the radial direction (
thickness), and the inner and outer peripheries are magnetized (I side N, S
is formed. However, the permanent magnet 5 has a magnetic pole face N on the inner circumferential side, and the permanent magnet 6 has a magnetic pole face N on the outer circumferential side. This permanent magnet 5.6 has magnetic pole faces N and S on its outer circumferential side set on the inner circumferential surface of one end 7 of the yoke 9, and the yoke 9, the permanent magnet 5.6, and the air gap 4 A closed magnetic path is formed.

The yoke 14.15 is made of a magnetic material such as iron, and is provided to cover the magnetic pole faces N, S of the permanent magnet 5.6 on the side facing the coils 2, 3. It will be done.

Note that 20 is a lid that closes the opening of the yoke 9.

FIG. 4 shows a part of the magnetic flux φ caused by the permanent magnet 6.

That is, the magnetic flux φ is from the magnetic pole face N of the permanent magnet 6 to the yoke 9.
It enters one end 7 and the magnetic pole surface S of the permanent magnet 6 moves inside the yoke 9.
6i1 flux φ flows to the other end 8 on the opposite side of the coil frame 1, passes through the air gap 4 from the other end 8, and concentrates on the magnetic flux converging yoke 13, and the axial component 10. of the coil frame l and the coil 2.3. 11 in the radial direction, enters the magnetic flux collecting yoke 15 via the air gap 4, the magnetic flux Φ is dispersed by the magnetic collecting yoke 15, and enters the magnetic pole face S. Magnetic flux Φ
If the flow is in the opposite direction, the direction of the arrow will be reversed.

The same applies to the permanent magnet 5. As a result, all of the magnetic flux φ passing through the air gap 4 is concentrated on the magnetic flux converging yoke 13, and this concentrated magnetic flux φ interlinks with the axial components 10.11 of the coils 2 and 3.

The operation of this motor will be explained. That is, when an excitation current is applied to the coils 2.3, the axial component 10.11 of each coil 2.3 interlinks with the magnetic flux Φ, so that the coil frame l rotates in one direction due to the Lorentz force. in this case,
Each coil 2.3 has a pair of axial components 10.11, and the direction of the exciting current is opposite. For example, as shown in FIG.
are opposed to different permanent magnets 5.6, and the directions of the magnetic flux φ are different, so the Lorentz forces are in the same direction. In addition,
When controlling the rotational position of the coil frame 1, for example, the direction of the current in the pair of coils 2 and 3 is made different so that the direction of the driving force is opposite, and the balance of the driving force causes the coil frame 1 to
is stopped and the excitation current to one of the coils 2 or 3 is cut off to drive it in one direction.

Because of this configuration, this motor can easily obtain high torque compared to the conventional motor. That is, coil 2.
3's axial component 10.11 and 6's east converging yoke 12.1
3, and by providing magnetic collecting yokes 14.15 on the magnetic pole faces N and S facing the coil 2.3 of the permanent magnet 5°6, the magnetic pole face N.

The magnetic flux Φ entering and exiting S is concentrated on the magnetic flux convergence yoke 12.13. Since the axial component 10.11 of the coil 2°3 intersects with this concentrated part of the magnetic flux Φ, the number of linkages increases and a large Lorentz force is obtained. Therefore, there is no need to reduce the air gap 4 in order to obtain high torque as in the conventional case, there is no need to increase the excitation current, there is no need to increase the number of coil turns, and there is no need to make the magnet material expensive. A larger torque can be obtained. Further, since the coil frame 1 is provided with the magnetic flux convergence yoke 12.13 only in a part and is not entirely made of magnetic material, the inductance of the coil 2.3 is small and the current rise is good (acceleration performance is good).

In particular, the magnetic flux convergence yoke 12.13 is provided only in the portion corresponding to the axial component to, 11 of the coil 2°3,
, 3, the coil frame 1 is further reduced by not providing it in other parts of the coil frame 1.
The rotational force can be increased.

As a modification of this embodiment, although not shown, the coil frame l
may be made of a conductive material. In this case, an eddy current is generated in the coil frame 1, and although the acceleration performance is slightly inferior to that of the embodiment described above, the damping property is improved, and the stability of the rotational operation can be improved.

Further, although the coils 2 and 3 are provided on the outer peripheral surface side of the coil frame 1 in the above embodiment, they may be provided on the inner peripheral surface side.

Further, although the magnetic flux convergence yoke 12.13 is provided on the side opposite to the permanent magnet 5.6 of the coil 2.3, it may be provided on the side having the permanent magnet 5.6. Furthermore, in the above embodiment, the coil 2.
Magnetic flux convergence yoke 1 to the adjacent axial component 10.11 of 3
2.13 is shared, but if they are provided for each, the number of linkages with the axial component 1O511 will further increase, and high torque can be obtained.

A second embodiment of the invention is shown in FIGS. 5-7.

That is, in this motor, in the first embodiment, the permanent magnets 5.6 are provided on the outer peripheral surface of the other end 8 of the yoke 9, that is, on the inner cylinder side. In this case, the magnetic collecting yoke 14.1
5 is provided on the side facing the coils 2 and 3, and the coils 2.
3 is provided on the inner circumferential side of the coil frame l, and magnetic flux convergence yokes 12 and 13 are provided on the outer circumferential side of the coil frame l.

Other configurations and effects are similar to those of the first embodiment.

A third embodiment of the invention is shown in FIGS. 8 and 9.
That is, in the first embodiment, this motor further has permanent stones 22 and 23 on the outer circumferential surface of the eight other ends of the yoke 9.
, and magnetic flux collecting yokes 24.25 are provided on the magnetic pole faces N and S of the permanent magnets 22.23 facing the coils 2.3. In this case, a set of permanent magnets 5.22 and a permanent (f
The pairs of magnets 23 are radially opposed to each other, and the magnetic pole faces N and S of each pair are rotated. According to this embodiment, since the magnetic flux φ is increased compared to the first embodiment, the number of interlinkages of the coils 2.3 is increased, and the torque is further increased. The rest is the same as the first embodiment.

In each of the above embodiments, the yoke 9 is formed into a cylindrical shape, but the yoke 9 does not have to be cylindrical. Further, in the above embodiment, the magnetic flux convergence yoke 12.13 is connected to the axial component 10.1 of the coil 2.3.
11, but even if it is provided along the entire coil 2.3, a larger rotational force can be obtained than in the conventional example.

Furthermore, the materials of the permanent magnets 5, 6, etc. are not limited, and materials with high energy products such as rare earth materials can be used.

〔Effect of the invention〕

According to this invention, the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet flows through the magnetic flux collecting yoke and (n unfocused yoke) through the air gap, and the axial component of the coil interlinks with the magnetic flux passing through the magnetic flux focusing yoke where the magnetic flux is concentrated. Magnetic efficiency is improved and high torque can be easily obtained.In other words, there is no need to make the air gap smaller as in the conventional case, so the structural strength is 9M, and the structure can be easily and inexpensively constructed.

Furthermore, since the excitation current and the number of coil turns are not increased, it is possible to downsize the device, reduce the moment of inertia, and improve acceleration performance. Furthermore, compared to the conventional method, when the same permanent 6F1 stone is used, a high torque is obtained, and when the torque is made the same, the volume of the permanent magnet can be made small and the energy product can be made small. Since the magnetic flux convergence yoke is used only in a part of the coil frame and the entire coil frame is not made of magnetic material, the inductance of the coil is small, the current rises and falls well, and the acceleration performance is good.

Although it is a vertical type with a large length in the axial direction, it has the effect of obtaining large torque without increasing the length in the radial direction.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a half-sectional perspective view of the first embodiment of the present invention;
The figure is a sectional view taken parallel to the radial direction, FIG. 3 is an exploded perspective view, FIG. 4 is a partial sectional perspective view showing the flow of magnetic flux, and FIG. 5 is a half sectional perspective view of the second embodiment. , Fig. 6 is a sectional view taken parallel to the radial direction, Fig. 7 is an exploded perspective view, and Fig. 8 is a sectional view taken parallel to the radial direction.
9 is a sectional view taken in the radial direction, and FIG. 10 is an exploded perspective view of the third embodiment. ■...Coil frame, 2,3...Coil, 4...Gap, 5゜6...Permanent magnet, 7...One end, 8...Other end, 9...Yoke , to, 11... axial component,
12.13...Magnetic flux convergence yoke, 14.15...[
Engraving of f yoke drawing (no change in content) Figure 9 Procedural amendment (examination January 31, 1985 Patent Application No. 257375 2, name of invention motor 3, amendment person case) Related: Applicant 4, Agent 5 amends Figures 4, 7 and 9 of the drawing dated the amendment order as stated below. Application No. 257375 2, Name of the invention Motor 3, Relationship with Hanyu who makes the amendment a. In the line 10, correct the phrase ``It shall be done so.'' to ``It may be done so.'' (2) In lines 6 to 10, page 10 of the specification, ``In particular,...''
······can. ” will be deleted. (3) Lines 3 to 5 of Section 11 of the specification, ``If you do this,
Moreover...I can do it. '' is corrected to ``It can also be done like this.'' (4) Page 12 of the specification, lines 9 to 17, “Please note...
······be able to. "In the above embodiment, the magnetic flux convergence yoke 12.13 was provided only for the axial component 10.11 of the coil 2.3.
It may be provided along the entirety of 3. Furthermore, the materials of the permanent magnets 5, 6, etc. are not limited, and materials with high energy products such as rare earth materials can be used. ” he corrected. Procedural formalities (written April 10, 1988)

Claims (2)

[Claims] (1) A cylindrical coil frame having a rotation axis at the center, a coil provided so that the coil plane follows the circumferential surface of the coil frame, and a void on at least one of the outer and inner circumferential sides of the coil frame. a permanent magnet with one magnetic pole face facing the coil; and a permanent magnet having one end on the outer circumferential side of the coil frame and the other end on the inner circumferential side of the coil frame. a magnetic flux converging yoke disposed in the coil frame along an axial component parallel to at least the axial direction of the coil frame; A motor comprising: a magnetic flux collecting yoke provided to cover a magnetic pole face facing the coil of a magnet. (2) The motor according to claim 1, wherein the coil frame is electrically conductive.