JPS62215040A - Special fabric - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] [Industrial application field] The present invention relates to a special fabric comprising rectangular fibers.

In more detail, the fiber cross-sectional shape is a hole-shaped cross-section NM that is substantially a collection of a plurality of rectangles.
The present invention relates to a fabric in which a large number of rectangular fibers are generated inside the 15 woven fabric by dividing it into rectangular shapes by subjecting it to an alkali weight reduction process.

[Prior Art] Conventionally, texture improvement (
In particular, it is known as a common means to perform alkali weight loss processing for the purpose of softening (softening).

However, when using single fibers with round, square, or triangular cross-sections, even if the alkali weight loss treatment described above is applied, the surrounding surface fibers will only gradually lose weight, and the weight loss rate itself will also decrease. It is only 25 to 30% at most, and within this range, it is not only difficult to soften the material to a certain extent, but also the strength deteriorates significantly.

On the other hand, finer denier is the most effective means for softening, but melt spinning technology using a single hole has a denier of 0.3 to 0.
The limit is about 5d, and composite spinning methods (seabird type composite spinning, etc.) can be used to make the denier even finer than this, but the elution process and in some cases the splitting process to make elution easier This requires high cost.

Melt spinning of coarsely irregular cross-section fibers with fine denier is difficult compared to round cross-section fibers, and
For rectangular fibers in the vicinity, not only is spinning difficult, but also the high-order passability is extremely deteriorated. In particular, when producing spun yarn, there are problems in that not only yarn unevenness and fluff quality deteriorate, but also yarn breakage and fluff occur frequently, resulting in a marked deterioration of operability.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] In view of the above-mentioned problems, an object of the present invention is to provide a fabric having a soft texture that effectively contains fine denier rectangular cross-section fibers. There is something to do.

[Means for Solving the Problems] The present invention that achieves the above-mentioned object consists of the following configuration.

In other words, in the case of a fabric that is made up of at least synthetic fibers made from a homopolymer or copolymer having a main chain of polyethylene terephthalate or polybutylene terephthalate as a starting material, and which has been subjected to alkali weight loss processing, the synthetic fibers must be monopolymers. The fiber cross-sectional shape is substantially rectangular, the single fiber fineness is 0.1 to 5.0 denier, and the rectangular fibers are present in the fabric in an amount of 20% by weight or more. Made of special fabric.

In such a fabric of the present invention, the preferred fruit/II
In this embodiment, the single fiber strength of the single fiber having a rectangular cross section is 1.
q/d or more, it is made by mixing cellulose fibers, and has a basis weight of 20q/d or more.
m2 to 600q/TrI2.

[Function] Hereinafter, the special fabric of the present invention will be briefly explained in detail.

In the present invention, synthetic fibers whose starting material is a homopolymer or copolymer having polyethylene terephthalate or polybutylene terephthalate as a main chain is a general term for continuous filament yarns, spun yarns, or mixtures thereof made of these polymers. It is something to do.

Furthermore, when looking at the single fibers of the yarn, it may be any of undrawn yarn, semi-drawn yarn, drawn yarn, etc.

Furthermore, the fabric of the present invention may contain fibers other than the above-mentioned synthetic fibers, such as cellulose fibers, etc. It's good. The fabric may be knitted, woven, or non-woven.

The fabric of the present invention is made of a substantially rectangular fabric made of the above-mentioned synthetic fibers and having a single fiber fineness of 0.1 to 5.0 deniers by reducing the weight of such fabric by alkali treatment and then processing the alkali raw material. The fabric is made up of 20% by weight or more of monofilaments of the same shape. If the single fiber fineness is 5.0 denier or more, it is difficult to obtain the desired soft texture, which is not preferable.

In order to reduce the weight and set it by alkali treatment to form a substantially rectangular single fiber group, the single fiber form before the weight loss treatment is a single fiber g consisting of a substantially rectangular aggregate or combination.
It is desirable to use i11t. That is, for example, it is desirable to use a single fiber having a fiber cross-sectional shape such as a "curly" shape or a "U" shape, and there are an infinite number of cross-sectional shapes when considering the combination of multiple rectangular shapes. Needless to say.

The present invention requires that the rectangular fibers be present in the fabric in an amount of 20% or more by weight; It is difficult to effectively exhibit the desired effects, that is, the texture properties including roughness 1 to ness and the aesthetic properties such as gloss.

In general, the reason why the present invention uses alkali reduction processing as the manufacturing technology is because it is convenient because the processing produces fiber deteriorated parts in the fiber axis direction and the fiber cross-sectional direction, and the reduction rate is It is preferable to set it within the range of 5% to 50%.

However, although the single fiber strength of the yarn decreases due to the alkaline weight loss processing, it is desirable to keep the processing loss rate to a level that can maintain this at least 1 Q/d or more.

Here, in the present invention, it is preferable to use a rectangular aggregate shape as the lIa fiber for the raw material. If the diameter of the circumscribed circle is d, the circular coefficient f is calculated by the following formula.According to this, f=1 for a perfect circular cross section, and f<1 for a cross section other than a perfect circle. become.

Circular coefficient f - Δ/(π・(d/2)2) When a perfect circular cross section is subjected to an external force, the force is easily dispersed and stress concentration does not occur in a specific section, but the above f
Those having a small value, that is, those having a rectangular aggregate shape, can be easily separated by alkali treatment.

From the above viewpoint, according to the knowledge of the present inventors, the range of f value of the raw material single fiber used in the present invention is f=0.62
-0.20, most preferably f=0
．． It is in the range of 59 to 0.37. In terms of breakability, it goes without saying that the greater the number of combinations of rectangles, the better the machinability.

The basis weight of the special 15 fabric of the present invention is 20C1/m2
~600Ω/m2 is preferred. If it is less than 20 Q/rn2, the tear strength becomes low and it is generally not practical, while if it is more than 600 Q/rn2, it is too heavy for clothing, which is not preferable.

The fabric of the present invention has even more characteristics when it is configured to contain cellulose fibers. That is, the fabric of the present invention contains monofilaments with a rectangular cross section, thereby forming irregular cross-section fibers. It tends to have a rough and hard feel that is unique to use, but by mixing cellulose fiber,
The roughness and hardness is reduced, giving it a luxurious soft texture and a mild luster, and it can be said to be very compatible with cellulose l&fibre, giving a rough and cool feel to the fabric. It is possible to further improve hygroscopicity and water absorption. When the cellulose fiber is mixed, the usage ratio is 5 to 80% by weight based on the fabric weight.
It is better to In particular, when cotton is used as the cellulose fiber, the mercerizing agent is an alkaline bath, so the alkali weight loss process described above can be carried out conveniently and effectively.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be roughly described in detail based on the drawings.

Figure 1 shows an example of the cross-sectional shape of the raw material single fibers of the rectangular aggregate constituting the fabric before alkali reduction for obtaining the special fabric of the present invention. It is shown that the single fiber cross section consists of at least three rectangles A, B, and C. Of course, there are other ways of dividing lines other than the broken lines in the figure (
Needless to say, there are also actual ways of dividing the fibers. In addition, cross-sectional shapes other than those shown in the same figure, expressed by letters or symbols, are E, F, G, H, L J, L, M, NST.
,v,w,x,y,z,ko,eye,■,shi,π,±,♀,
←, etc. are possible, but these are just examples.

FIG. 2 shows a cross-sectional model of the fabric before the alkali weight loss process using the raw material fibers shown in FIG. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional model diagram of the fabric shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 3, the fabric of the present invention is substantially composed of an aggregate containing rectangular fibers by being subjected to alkali weight reduction processing.

FIG. 4 shows various examples of single fiber cross-sectional shapes after alkali reduction processing is performed on original A31 fibers having a "mouth"-shaped cross section, ranging from clearly rectangular to approximately rectangular. The term "substantially rectangular shape" as used in the present invention includes all of these shapes.

[Example] Hereinafter, the present invention will be explained in more detail with reference to Examples.

Example 1 "mouth" shape made of polyethylene terephthalate (2.0 denier with circle coefficient f = 0.45>, cut length 51
Using mm raw cotton, British cotton count 305, twist coefficient =
A 3.5 spun yarn was produced to produce a plain woven fabric, which was subjected to a weight reduction treatment of 19.7% in a caustic soda solution.

Part 51! When X-ri-ii was observed under a microscope, the mouth shape was separated and divided into three rectangles in 91% of the cases.

The resulting fabric was rich in softness, drapeability, anti-pilling properties, liveliness (natural feel), and excellent anti-pilling properties in terms of functionality.

The strengths of the single fibers before and after the alkali weight loss treatment were 4.8 g/d and 3.6 (l)/d, respectively.

Example 2 Using I-E J-shaped cross section (circle coefficient f = 0.51> 75 denier 24 filament yarn made of polybutylene terephthalate), jersey chives 1 to 1 were prepared and diluted to 18.3% in caustic soda solution. As in Example 1, an elegant fabric with excellent pill resistance, softness, drapability, and liveliness, and a silky luster was obtained. When the cross section of the fabric was observed, each E-shape of the rectangular aggregates changed into 4 to 5 individual rectangles, and the rate was 97.8%.The single fiber strength before and after alkali weight loss was 4.1/d, 2.9g/d
Met.

Example 3 “■” shaped cross section made of polyethylene terephthalate (
1.5 denier with circle coefficient f=0.49>, cut length 38
A spun yarn (30, twist coefficient = 3.7>) consisting of a 50-ply fabric with short fibers of mm length and 50% by weight of rice cotton is used to knit a cotton jersey knit to create a knitted fabric. In addition, plain woven fabrics were prepared according to the shearing specifications. Each of the fabrics was subjected to a weight reduction treatment in a caustic soda solution. When the treated fabrics were observed under a microscope, it was found that 93% of the fabrics had lost their ■-shape. In addition, the weight loss rate is 20.3% for knit fabric and 21% for woven fabric.
．． It was 0%. Both the knitted fabrics and woven fabrics produced in 1Q were high-quality clothing fabrics with excellent pile-pilling properties, rich softness, and excellent silk-like luster.

The strength of the ■-shaped single fibers is 5.5% before alkali processing.
What was 1q/d was 3°8C]/d after the processing.

Example 4 An rHJ-shaped cross-section (75 denier 24 filament yarn with a circular coefficient f = 0.53> made of polyethylene terephthalate 1~), a round-shaped cross-section fiber made of polyethylene terephthalate, and a π-shaped cross-section fiber (both Also 1.3dx38m
m) is mixed in a 1:1 ff1ffi ratio (British style count 606) and twisted (using a yarn machine).
After forming the yarn into a composite yarn, a 2/2 twill was created. When the fabric was subjected to a 23% weight reduction treatment with a caustic soda solution, the figure-8 shape collapsed. The collapse rate is 91
．． It was 8%. The fabric 1q produced in this example had an extremely soft texture and a high-quality wool-like texture such as vicuña with appropriate stiffness and tension.

In addition, the single fiber strength of alkali-reduced Maetoshi is 5.3q/d to 3.4q/d for H-shaped fibers, and 5.7q/d to 4.3Q/d for round cross-section fibers. It had become.

[Effect of the invention] According to the present invention as described above, the following effects are achieved.

(1) The production of irregularly shaped cross-section fine denier fibers, which are generally difficult to produce due to their poor spinning properties, can be easily achieved through high-order processing after fabrication, making it possible to make the fabric softer and have a milder luster. be.

(2) Especially when using spun yarn, anti-pilling properties are significantly improved.

(3) Although the fiber is made of fine denier fiber, the cross-sectional shape of the single fiber is substantially rectangular, so it exhibits appropriate tension and stiffness.

(4) Since the constituent fibers of the fabric include a collection of single fibers with a rectangular cross section, the fiber filling inside the fabric progresses further, and the fabric properties improve recovery after bending deformation and are less likely to wrinkle. .

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a fiber cross-sectional model diagram illustrating an example of the shape of rectangular aggregated single fibers constituting a fabric before alkali reduction for producing 1q of the special acetate of the present invention. Figure 2 shows
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional model diagram of a fabric using the fiber of FIG. 1 before alkali weight reduction processing. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional model diagram of a fabric showing an example of the special fabric of the present invention after the fabric of FIG. 2 has been subjected to alkali production reduction treatment. FIG. 4 is a schematic model diagram showing examples of various single fiber shapes when a fabric made of raw material W4 fiber having an "eye" shaped cross section is reduced by alkali reduction. Patent applicant Higashishi Co., Ltd. Company Business 11 Fue 2 UEJ Dai-3 Hi-Ko 82

Claims (4)

[Claims] (1) A fabric comprising at least a synthetic fiber made from a homopolymer or copolymer having a main chain of polyethylene terephthalate or polybutylene terephthalate as a starting material and subjected to alkali weight loss processing, wherein the synthetic fiber is The fiber cross-sectional shape is substantially rectangular and the single fiber fineness is 0.1 to 5.0 denier,
A special fabric characterized in that the rectangular fibers are present in the fabric in an amount of 20% by weight or more. (2) The single fiber strength of a single fiber with a rectangular cross section is 1 g/
Claim No. (1) characterized in that it is equal to or more than d.
Special fabrics as described in section. (3) A special fabric according to claim (1) or (2), characterized in that it is made of a mixture of cellulose fibers. (4) Claims (1) and (2) characterized in that the basis weight is 20 g/M^2 to 600 g/m^2.
or (3).