JPS622059B2 - - Google Patents

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Publication number
JPS622059B2
JPS622059B2 JP53042317A JP4231778A JPS622059B2 JP S622059 B2 JPS622059 B2 JP S622059B2 JP 53042317 A JP53042317 A JP 53042317A JP 4231778 A JP4231778 A JP 4231778A JP S622059 B2 JPS622059 B2 JP S622059B2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
fibers
palm
emulsion
aggregate
molding
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
JP53042317A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JPS54134180A (en
Inventor
Kenzo Mieno
Takeo Matsui
Shizuo Narisawa
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Sumitomo Chemical Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Sumitomo Chemical Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Sumitomo Chemical Co Ltd filed Critical Sumitomo Chemical Co Ltd
Priority to JP4231778A priority Critical patent/JPS54134180A/en
Publication of JPS54134180A publication Critical patent/JPS54134180A/en
Publication of JPS622059B2 publication Critical patent/JPS622059B2/ja
Granted legal-status Critical Current

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Description

【発明の詳細な説明】[Detailed description of the invention]

本発明はパーム繊維からなる集合体の加工方法
に関し、更に詳しくはパーム繊維からなる集合体
に、その組成比(重量比)がエチレン:酢酸ビニ
ル:塩化ビニル=5〜30:10〜95:0〜75である
二元もしくは三元共重合体エマルジヨンもしくは
その変性物を塗布または付着させ、乾燥後加熱成
型することを特徴とするパーム繊維からなる集合
体の加工法である。 本発明にいうパーム繊維とは、たとえば熱帯地
方に分布するココヤシ(Cocos mucifera)、日本
の比較的北部にまで生育するシユロ
(Trachucarpusexcelsa)あるいは主としてマレ
ーシアに産するサトウヤシ(Arenga pinnata)
等のヤシ科植物の果皮、葉鞘あるいは葉柄等から
採取される繊維を総称し、耐水性および耐腐蝕性
にすぐれ、強靭なため、網、縄および敷物あるい
はマツト、クツシヨンなどとして使用されている
ものである。特にココヤシから得られる繊維は最
も有用なもので、耐水性の網、縄および敷物など
に広く用いられている。 本発明の主たる目的は、かかるパーム繊維から
なる集合体に一定の形状を与え、かつその形状を
安定にして保持せしめると共に、機械的強度を改
善して耐久性を付与することにある。 すなわち、従来よりパーム繊維よりなる集合体
は、原料製造の簡便性、経済性およびパーム繊維
自体の持つ強靭性、圧縮弾性等に富むことなどの
理由により、自動車用シート、クツシヨン材等に
広く用いられている。また近年では前述の特質に
加え、とくに該繊維の軽量性、耐腐蝕性のすぐれ
た特徴から、文化ダタミと称されている畳床用
(クツシヨン)や土木用シートと称されている護
岸シート、透水管シートあるいは保温材、植生用
途などに広く使用されてきている。 ところが、こうしたパーム繊維からなる集合体
はそのままの形態では形状が不安定であり、繊維
が容易に解れるなどその使用が極めて困難となる
ため、天然ゴム、スチレン−ブタジエンラテツク
ス、アクリロニトリル−ブタジエンラテツクスな
どの合成ゴムラテツクス、あるいはポリアクリル
酸エステルエマルジヨン、ポリ酢酸ビニルエマル
ジヨン、ポリ塩化ビニルエマルジヨンなどの熱可
塑性樹脂エマルジヨンを該集合体に塗布したり、
あるいは含浸したりして付着せしめ、乾燥したの
ち、加熱成型し、繊維間を接着させることによ
り、一定形状を保持せしめる方法が従来より試み
られている。 しかしながら、天然ゴムや合成ゴムラテツクス
を用いた場合には、それ自身が柔軟であるために
成型後の形状安定性に乏しく、賦型効果が得られ
にくく、更に加硫処理を必要とするなど作業の連
続化が困難で生産効率も低いという欠点があり、
また熱可塑性樹脂を用いた場合には、例えばポリ
酢酸ビニルエマルジヨンは耐水性に乏しく、ポリ
アクリル酸エステルなどのアクリル系エマルジヨ
ンは高価な故に経済性に問題があり、ポリ塩化ビ
ニルエマルジヨンは耐水性にすぐれる反面ポリマ
ー自身が硬すぎて十分な接着性が得られず剥離し
やすいなどの諸欠点があり、必ずしも満足しうる
ものではなかつた。 このようなことから、本発明者らは上記諸欠点
を改良すべく鋭意検討の結果、本発明に至つた。 すなわち、本発明はパーム繊維からなる集合体
に、その組成比(重量比)がエチレン:酢酸ビニ
ル:塩化ビニル=5〜30:10〜95:0〜75である
二元もしくは三元共重合体エマルジヨンもしくは
その変性物を塗布または付着させ、乾燥後加熱成
型することを特徴とするパーム繊維からなる集合
体の加工方法であつて、本発明を実施することに
より形状の保持性およびその耐水性などすぐれた
接着効果と成型効果および経済性、生産性を同時
に満足させることができる。 本発明の最も重要なところは前記特定範囲の組
成比からなるエチレン−酢酸ビニル二元共重合体
エマルジヨンもしくはエチレン−酢酸ビニル−塩
化ビニル三元共重合体エマルジヨンを用いること
にある。この組成比範囲はパーム繊維集合体の成
型性および繊維同志の結合性(接着性)等に密接
に関係し、その範囲を外れた場合には好ましい成
型性、結合性が得られない。 たとえば、エチレンが30%(重量、以下同じ)
を越えると加熱成型後の形状が次第に崩れ、形状
安定性が低下し、一方5%未満では接着力が弱
く、繊維間の結合力に劣るため、たとえばシート
状に成型したものでは層間剥離を生じ、かつ成型
に高温を要するためパーム繊維素材を損傷するこ
とになる。 また酢酸ビニルが95%を越えると成型物繊維間
の湿潤時接着強度が低下し、10%未満では成型物
の常態における繊移間接着強度に劣り、たとえば
シート状物では層間剥離が生じ易くなる。 塩化ビニルが75%を越えると成型に高温が必要
となり、繊維素材が損傷され易くなると共に、繊
維間の接着性が低下する傾向がある。 なお、塩化ビニル量の下限は特に設定されない
が、パーム繊維の集合体が水と接触する用途に使
用される場合には耐水性が強く要求されるため、
塩化ビニルが15%以上になる組成範囲の塩化ビニ
ル−酢酸ビニル−エチレン共重合体エマルジヨン
を使用することが好ましい。 本発明に用いる上記二元もしくは三元共重合体
エマルジヨンは、それぞれの共重合体を製造する
ためのモノマー成分の合計に対して約10%以内の
N−メチロールアクリルアミド、モノ−n−ブト
キシメチルアクリルアミド、ビニルスルホン酸、
グリシジルメタクリレートなどの反応性モノマー
で変更したものであつてもよいし、あるいは酢酸
ビニルの一部を他のビニルエステルモノマー、た
とえばプロピオン酸ビニル、バーサテイツク酸ビ
ニルなどで置きかえたものであつてもよく、これ
らはいずれも公知の方法により製造される。 この変性は、塗膜の耐水化、耐溶剤性およびエ
マルジヨンの放置安定性の向上、充填剤の混和性
の向上など種々の目的、用途に応じて変性モノマ
ーの種類、配合量が適宜決められる。 もちろん、本発明の目的に使用されるこれら共
重合体エマルジヨンあるいはその変性物エマルジ
ヨンは、該エマルジヨン単独でもよいし、あるい
は更に炭酸カルシウム、タルク、クレーなどの充
填剤、着色剤、難然剤、増粘剤などを配合して用
いることもできる。 次に、加工方法について具体的に説明する。 まず、前記共重合体エマルジヨンもしくはその
変性物を、パーム繊維からなる集合体に、たとえ
ばスプレー、ロールコーター、フロコーター、ナ
イフコーター等の公知の塗工装置を用いて塗布ま
たは付着させ、ついで熱風、赤外線照射等の方法
によつて乾燥し、塗工液中の水分を除去して塗膜
を形成せしめ、ついで成型される。 ここで塗工する際の塗工液の量は特に制限され
ないが、安定した効果を得るには通常1m2当り
300〜500gのパーム繊維の集合体に対して0.2〜
1Kgが適当である。塗工量が少ないときは期待す
る耐水強度をも含めた結合性(接着性)、成型性
の2つの性能が十分に付与できないことがある。 一方、過剰量の塗工はとくに弊害はないが、乾
燥効率を悪くするなど経済的に不利であり、とく
に性能が比例的に向上するものでもない。 パーム繊維集合体の該繊維同志間の結合効果
(接着性)は塗工と乾燥によつて得られるが、も
うひとつの特徴である成型は塗工、乾燥した集合
体の加熱、加圧によつて行なわれる。 すなわち、塗工液を塗工後、乾燥された集合体
を熱風、赤外線等の方法によつて予め80〜160℃
に加熱した後、任意の厚みあるいは任意の形状を
もつ冷却されたロールもしくはプレスにて圧縮し
て形付する方法、あるいは加熱されたロールもし
くはプレスにて任意の厚みあるいは任意の形状に
圧縮し、圧縮した状態で冷却する方法などの方法
によつて成型される。 かくして得られた形状物はきわめて強固な繊維
の接着強度および耐水強度を有し、かつ容易に成
型することができ、その形状も安定している。 以下本発明を実施例によつて説明する。 実施例 1 第1表に示すモノマー組成比からなる各共重合
体エマルジヨンを製造し、乾燥固型分が50重量%
のエマルジヨンを得た。 これらのエマルジヨンおよびスチレン−ブタジ
エンラテツクスを、各々パーム繊維からなる集合
体(坪量400g/m2、厚み10cm)に対し、乾燥固
型分として0.3Kg/m2をスプレー塗布し、110℃の
熱風乾燥器中で5分間乾燥した。 かくして得た夫々の集合体を150℃の熱風中で
5分間予熱した後、5mmの厚さにセツトした加熱
プレスで1分間圧縮し、冷却して厚み5mmのシー
ト状物を作成した。このシート状物の常態時およ
び湿潤時の引張強度を測定し、該共重合体のパー
ム繊維への接着性を試験した。 また、この成型されたシート状物の層間剥離状
態についても観察を行なつた。この結果を第1表
に示す。
The present invention relates to a method for processing an aggregate made of palm fibers, and more specifically, the present invention relates to a method for processing an aggregate made of palm fibers, in which the composition ratio (weight ratio) of ethylene:vinyl acetate:vinyl chloride is 5 to 30:10 to 95:0. This is a processing method for an aggregate made of palm fibers, characterized by coating or adhering a binary or terpolymer emulsion having a molecular weight of 75 to 75 or a modified product thereof, drying and then heat-molding. The palm fibers referred to in the present invention include, for example, coconut palm (Cocos mucifera) distributed in the tropics, palm fiber (Trachucarpus excelsa) that grows even in the relatively northern part of Japan, or sugar palm (Arenga pinnata) that mainly grows in Malaysia.
A general term for fibers collected from the pericarp, leaf sheath, or petiole of palm trees such as palm trees, etc., which are used as nets, ropes, rugs, mats, cushions, etc. due to their excellent water resistance, corrosion resistance, and toughness. It is. In particular, the fibers obtained from coconut palms are the most useful and are widely used in waterproof nets, ropes, and rugs. The main object of the present invention is to give a certain shape to such an aggregate made of palm fibers, to stably maintain that shape, and to improve mechanical strength and impart durability. In other words, aggregates made of palm fibers have traditionally been widely used in automobile seats, cushion materials, etc. due to the ease and economy of producing raw materials, and the palm fibers themselves have high toughness and compressive elasticity. It is being In recent years, in addition to the above-mentioned characteristics, especially due to the lightweight and corrosion-resistant characteristics of this fiber, tatami flooring sheets (kutssion), which are called cultural data, and seawall sheets, which are called civil engineering sheets, have been developed. It has been widely used for water permeable pipe sheets, heat insulation materials, and vegetation applications. However, such aggregates made of palm fibers are unstable in shape and the fibers easily unravel, making it extremely difficult to use them. Applying a synthetic rubber latex such as Tux, or a thermoplastic resin emulsion such as polyacrylic acid ester emulsion, polyvinyl acetate emulsion, or polyvinyl chloride emulsion to the aggregate,
Alternatively, attempts have been made in the past to maintain a fixed shape by impregnating the fibers, drying them, then heating and molding them to bond the fibers together. However, when natural rubber or synthetic rubber latex is used, since it is flexible, it has poor shape stability after molding, makes it difficult to obtain a molding effect, and requires vulcanization, which makes the work difficult. It has the disadvantages of being difficult to serialize and having low production efficiency.
In addition, when thermoplastic resins are used, for example, polyvinyl acetate emulsion has poor water resistance, acrylic emulsion such as polyacrylic acid ester is expensive and has economical problems, and polyvinyl chloride emulsion has water resistance. Although it has excellent properties, it has various drawbacks, such as the polymer itself being too hard, making it difficult to obtain sufficient adhesion and being easily peeled off, so that it is not always satisfactory. Under these circumstances, the present inventors conducted intensive studies to improve the above-mentioned drawbacks, and as a result, arrived at the present invention. That is, the present invention uses a binary or ternary copolymer having a composition ratio (weight ratio) of ethylene:vinyl acetate:vinyl chloride=5 to 30:10 to 95:0 to 75 in an aggregate made of palm fibers. A method for processing an aggregate made of palm fibers, which comprises applying or adhering an emulsion or a modified product thereof, and heating and molding the fibers after drying. Excellent adhesion effect, molding effect, economy, and productivity can be satisfied at the same time. The most important aspect of the present invention is the use of an ethylene-vinyl acetate binary copolymer emulsion or an ethylene-vinyl acetate-vinyl chloride terpolymer emulsion having a composition ratio within the specified range. This composition ratio range is closely related to the moldability of the palm fiber aggregate and the bonding properties (adhesiveness) between fibers, etc., and if it deviates from this range, favorable moldability and bonding properties cannot be obtained. For example, 30% ethylene (weight, same below)
If it exceeds 5%, the shape after heating and molding will gradually collapse and the shape stability will decrease, while if it is less than 5%, the adhesive strength will be weak and the binding force between fibers will be poor, resulting in delamination, for example, when molded into a sheet. , and since high temperatures are required for molding, the palm fiber material will be damaged. Furthermore, if vinyl acetate exceeds 95%, the wet adhesive strength between the fibers of the molded product will decrease, and if it is less than 10%, the adhesive strength between fibers in the molded product under normal conditions will be poor, and for example, delamination will easily occur in sheet-like products. . If the vinyl chloride content exceeds 75%, high temperatures are required for molding, which tends to damage the fiber material and reduce the adhesiveness between fibers. Although there is no particular lower limit for the amount of vinyl chloride, water resistance is strongly required when aggregates of palm fibers are used in applications where they come into contact with water.
It is preferable to use a vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate-ethylene copolymer emulsion having a composition range in which vinyl chloride is 15% or more. The above-mentioned binary or ternary copolymer emulsion used in the present invention contains N-methylolacrylamide or mono-n-butoxymethylacrylamide within about 10% of the total monomer components for producing each copolymer. , vinyl sulfonic acid,
They may be modified with reactive monomers such as glycidyl methacrylate, or a portion of the vinyl acetate may be replaced with other vinyl ester monomers, such as vinyl propionate, vinyl versatate, etc. All of these are manufactured by known methods. The type and amount of the modified monomer to be used in this modification are determined as appropriate depending on various purposes and uses, such as increasing the water resistance of the coating film, improving the solvent resistance and storage stability of the emulsion, and improving the miscibility of fillers. Of course, the copolymer emulsion or its modified emulsion used for the purpose of the present invention may be the emulsion alone, or may further include fillers such as calcium carbonate, talc, and clay, colorants, retardant agents, and additives. A sticky agent or the like may also be added. Next, the processing method will be specifically explained. First, the copolymer emulsion or its modified product is applied or adhered to an aggregate of palm fibers using a known coating device such as a spray, a roll coater, a flow coater, or a knife coater, and then hot air or infrared rays are applied. It is dried by a method such as irradiation to remove water in the coating solution to form a coating film, and then molded. There is no particular restriction on the amount of coating liquid used in coating, but in order to obtain a stable effect, it is usually applied per 1 m2.
0.2 to 300 to 500 g of palm fiber aggregate
1 kg is appropriate. When the amount of coating is small, it may not be possible to sufficiently provide the two properties of bonding (adhesion) and moldability, including water resistance. On the other hand, although there is no particular harm in applying an excessive amount, it is economically disadvantageous, such as deteriorating drying efficiency, and does not particularly improve the performance proportionally. The bonding effect (adhesiveness) between the fibers of a palm fiber aggregate can be obtained by coating and drying, but another characteristic, forming, is achieved by coating, heating and pressurizing the dried aggregate. It is carried out with That is, after applying the coating liquid, the dried aggregate is preheated to 80 to 160°C using methods such as hot air or infrared rays.
After heating, the material is compressed and shaped with a cooled roll or press having an arbitrary thickness or shape, or compressed into an arbitrary thickness or shape with a heated roll or press, It is molded by a method such as cooling in a compressed state. The shaped product thus obtained has extremely strong fiber adhesive strength and water resistance, can be easily molded, and has a stable shape. The present invention will be explained below with reference to Examples. Example 1 Each copolymer emulsion having the monomer composition ratio shown in Table 1 was produced, and the dry solid content was 50% by weight.
An emulsion was obtained. These emulsions and styrene-butadiene latex were each spray-coated to an aggregate of palm fibers (basis weight 400 g/m 2 , thickness 10 cm) at a dry solid content of 0.3 kg/m 2 and heated at 110°C. It was dried in a hot air oven for 5 minutes. Each of the thus obtained aggregates was preheated in hot air at 150° C. for 5 minutes, compressed for 1 minute in a heated press set to a thickness of 5 mm, and cooled to produce a sheet-like product with a thickness of 5 mm. The tensile strength of this sheet-like product in normal state and wet state was measured, and the adhesion of the copolymer to palm fibers was tested. Furthermore, the state of delamination between the layers of this molded sheet-like material was also observed. The results are shown in Table 1.

【表】【table】

【表】【table】

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 1 パーム繊維からなる集合体に、その組成比
(重量比)がエチレン:酢酸ビニル:塩化ビニル
=5〜30:10〜95:0〜75である二元または三元
共重合体エマルジヨンもしくはその変性物を塗布
または付着させ、乾燥後加熱成型することを特徴
とするパーム繊維からなる集合体の加工方法。
1 A binary or ternary copolymer emulsion or its modification having a composition ratio (weight ratio) of ethylene:vinyl acetate:vinyl chloride=5 to 30:10 to 95:0 to 75 on an aggregate of palm fibers A method for processing an aggregate made of palm fibers, which comprises coating or adhering an object, drying and then heat-molding.
JP4231778A 1978-04-10 1978-04-10 Processing of assembled body comprising palm fiber Granted JPS54134180A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP4231778A JPS54134180A (en) 1978-04-10 1978-04-10 Processing of assembled body comprising palm fiber

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP4231778A JPS54134180A (en) 1978-04-10 1978-04-10 Processing of assembled body comprising palm fiber

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPS54134180A JPS54134180A (en) 1979-10-18
JPS622059B2 true JPS622059B2 (en) 1987-01-17

Family

ID=12632630

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP4231778A Granted JPS54134180A (en) 1978-04-10 1978-04-10 Processing of assembled body comprising palm fiber

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPS54134180A (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS63110019U (en) * 1987-01-10 1988-07-15

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS6067382U (en) * 1983-10-17 1985-05-13 上田 正次 outdoor pine fabric
NL2009601C2 (en) * 2012-10-09 2014-04-14 Barracuda Products B V Biological polymeric matrix component.

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5758464A (en) * 1980-09-26 1982-04-08 Canon Inc Picture pattern converter

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5758464A (en) * 1980-09-26 1982-04-08 Canon Inc Picture pattern converter

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS63110019U (en) * 1987-01-10 1988-07-15

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS54134180A (en) 1979-10-18

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