JPS62203744A - Method and device for forming different curvature curved surface - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide a device with general-purpose properties and to improve productivity, by a method wherein a different curvature curved surface having three kinds of curvatures can be formed, and continuous machining can be applied in a range from a coarsening process to a grinding process by means of the same device. CONSTITUTION:A forming saucer 102, having the one curvature, for example, (r) of different curvature curved surface, intended to be formed on a blank 101, is carried, and is placed on the blank 101 so that the center of the forming saucer is coincided with that of the blank 101. Further, a fulcram block 115, situated to a fulcram holder 116 at the tip of a swing unit 117 is set in a grooved hole 105' formed in the forming saucer 102. Grinding grains are fed between the blank 101 and the forming saucer 102. Further, the curvature of a plate cam 103 is formed with the other curvature R by means of which a curved surface is formed on the blank 101. With this, preparation for forming a different curvature curved surface on the blank 101 is completed. With a switch turned ON, a swing unit arm 120 is reciprocated, and the holding member of the blank 101 performs circular movement. Further, a reference plate 112 performs reciprocating movement through the medium of a reference plate guide 124.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Technical Field The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for forming a curved surface with a different curvature, and more particularly to a method and apparatus suitable for forming a toroidal surface having a small curvature in at least one direction.

<Prior Art> Conventionally, as a method for processing a curved surface with a different curvature, for example, a toroidal surface, the method shown in FIGS. 1(A) and 1(B) is well known. Figure 1 (A).

(B) shows the conventional processing method for processing a concave toroid surface, where 1 is a blank, a concave toroid blank for processing, 2 is a mounting method, 3 is an adhesive, and 4 is a convex toroid. A plurality of blanks 1 representing polishing plates are provided with a curved surface that has been processed in advance to have one of the predetermined radii of curvature R, and this processed curved surface is placed around the central axis of the radius of curvature of this curved surface. For correct positioning, each blank 1 is fixed in place inside the mounting bracket 3 with adhesive 4. Next, a convex toroid polishing plate 4 machined into a toroid surface having two predetermined different radii R and r is brought into pressure contact with the machined surface of the blank 1, and the desired precision is achieved with free abrasive grains and fixed abrasive grains. It was processed to obtain the desired toroid surface.

Therefore, in the machining methods shown in Figures 1 (A) and (B), since the machining is performed at a relatively low speed, the machining time is long and work efficiency is low, and the machining accuracy is unbalanced, resulting in a highly accurate toroidal surface. It has disadvantages such as being difficult to process and requiring skill to process.

On the other hand, Japanese Patent Publication No. 55-46819 discloses a toroid surface processing method that eliminates the drawbacks of such processing methods.

In this publication, a convex spherical polishing tool having a radius of curvature r is used instead of the above-mentioned convex toroid polishing plate, and as shown in FIG.
, (B) Similarly, the mounting for holding the workpiece is done by swinging the tool around the central axis of a predetermined curvature R, and rotating the convex spherical polishing tool in pressure contact with the workpiece surface. A predetermined toroid surface is obtained. According to such a method, not only the polishing time is shortened, but also it is possible to form a highly accurate toroid surface by maintaining the precision of the jig and tools (no skill is required).

However, although the above-mentioned two conventional methods are suitable when the curvature R is relatively large, when the curvature R of one side of the toroid surface is small, for example, a toroid surface used in an X-ray reflector, etc. In order to form a surface with a small curvature R, a large-sized device is required, and as the device becomes larger, it becomes difficult to maintain surface accuracy (processing accuracy). Furthermore, the conventional method can only process surfaces having essentially two types of curvature, curvature r and curvature R, and lacks versatility as an apparatus.

<Summary of the Invention> In view of the drawbacks of the above-mentioned conventional examples, an object of the present invention is to provide a method and apparatus for forming a curved surface of different curvature, which is suitable for forming a curved surface of different curvature having at least one relatively small curvature R. It's about doing.

A further object of the present invention is to provide a method and apparatus for forming a curved surface of different curvature, which is capable of forming a curved surface of different curvature having substantially three or more types of curvatures.

A further object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus for forming a curved surface with a different curvature, which allows continuous processing from the roughening process to the polishing process using the same apparatus.

In order to achieve the above object, the method for forming a curved surface of different curvature according to the present invention includes the steps of: arranging a guide member having a first curvature of the curved surface of different curvature to be processed and a holding member that holds the workpiece; moving the holding member according to the guide member; and bringing a forming plate having a second curvature of the curved surface of different curvature to be processed into pressure contact with the processing surface of the workpiece;
The method further includes the step of rocking or rotating the forming plate.

Further, the apparatus for forming a curved surface of different curvature according to the present invention includes a holding means for holding a workpiece, a guide member having a first curvature of the curved surface of different curvature to be processed and supporting the holding means, and the holding means. a first driving means for moving according to the guide member; a forming plate having a second curvature of the curved surface with a different curvature to be processed; a supporting means for supporting the forming plate and bringing it into pressure contact with the workpiece; and the forming plate. and a second driving means for swinging or rotating.

<Example> Fig. 2 shows a configuration example of a processing device based on the method for forming a curved surface with a different curvature according to the present invention, Fig. 1 (A) is a front sectional view of the device, and Fig. 1 (B) is a side sectional view. 1 out of 0 figures showing the figure
01 is a blank for forming a curved surface of different curvature, and 102 is a forming plate having at least one curvature of the curved surface of different curvature to be formed, which is removable. Reference numeral 103 denotes a guide member having a first curvature of a curved surface with a different curvature to be formed, and is composed of a plate cam. 104 is a bearing shaft provided on the holding member that holds the blank; 105 is a bearing that receives the bearing shaft 104; 106 is a bottom plate that supports and fixes the plate cam 103;
07 is a shaft receiving plate to which the bearing shirt 104 is fitted;
108 is a middle plate fixed to the shaft receiving plate, 109 is a main column provided on the bottom plate, 110 is a continuous plate connecting the middle plate 108 and a reference plate 112, which will be described later, and 111 is a top plate supported by the pillar 109. The passage area of the continuous plate 110 forming the holding member that moves on the plate cam 103 is hollow. 1
11' is the relief slot of the top plate 111, and 112 is the blank lO.
1 is a reference plate on which the blank 101 is installed; 113 is a suction port for sucking and fixing the blank 101 to the reference plate 112; 114 is a reference plate 1;
12 adsorption surface, 115 forming plate 102 and fulcrum slot 115
116 is a fulcrum holder that supports the fulcrum piece 115, 117 is a swinging unit for swinging the forming plate 102, 118 is a fulcrum holder receiver that receives the fulcrum holder 116, and 119 is a forming part for the blank 101. 120' is a weight rod for adjusting the amount of pressure applied to the plate; 120' is a swinging unit arm for reciprocating the swinging unit 117;
20 is a swing unit arm that reciprocates the holding member on the guide member 103 according to the shape of the guide member 103 via a bearing 105; 121' and 121 are drive devices that drive the swing unit arms 120' and 120, respectively; 122 123 is a support for the swing unit 117; 124 is a reference plate guide for swinging the reference plate 112 forming a holding member; 125 is a reference plate guide 12
4 is a fixed reference plate side plate; 126 is a sensor holder that supports a sensor to be described later; 127 is a sensor that detects the moving state (position) of the reference plate 112; 128 is a reference plate 112;
The sensor 127 substantially detects the detection rod 128 .

Reference numeral 129 denotes an outline ruler provided on the reference plate 112, which has the function of fixing the blank 101 and can be set according to the size of the blank. 130 is a control box that controls the drive device 121 and/or the drive device 121' based on the signal from the sensor 127 and/or other information.
control.

Hereinafter, an example of the method for forming a different surface ratio curved surface according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 2(A) and 2(B). Note that here, a concave toroidal surface is formed using the present invention.

The outer shape ruler 129 of the reference plate 112 is set according to the dimensions of the blank 101 on which a different surface ratio curved surface is to be formed, and the blank 101 is fitted onto this outer shape ruler 129. The blank 101 is attracted to the attraction surface 114 of the reference plate 112 using a suction device such as a vacuum pump. At this time, it is preferable to set the blank 101 without distortion so that the blank 101 is not distorted.

Next, select a forming plate 102 having one curvature of the different surface ratio curved surface to be formed on the blank 101, for example, a curvature r,
This forming plate 102 is placed on the blank 101 so that its center and the center of the blank 101 approximately coincide with each other. Further, the two fulcrum pieces 115 provided on the fulcrum holder 116 at the tip of the swinging unit 117 are set in the slots 115' formed in the forming plate 102. Then, abrasive grains of a predetermined particle size (type) are supplied between the blank 101 and the forming plate 102. Note that the curvature of the plate cam 103 is equal to the other curvature R to be formed on the blank 101. This completes the preparation for forming the different surface ratio curved surface on the blank 101. Incidentally, the abrasive grains are selected depending on the material of the blank 1 and the stages of formation, that is, each process such as rough sanding, rough polishing, precision polishing, etc. Blanks that can be processed with this apparatus include glass materials, metal materials, mold materials, SIC materials, etc. Basically, any blank can be processed by combining a forming plate and abrasive grains. Therefore, it is easy to not only form curved surfaces with different surface ratios on lenses, reflective mirrors, etc., but also to form molds for glass molds and plastic molds of these optical elements.

To start processing the blank 101, first, a switch corresponding to the drive device 121 in the control box is turned on. When the switch is turned on, the swing knitting arm 120 connected to the drive device 121 reciprocates, and the holding member of the blank 101 ( Bearing 105
．． M receiving shaft 104. Shaft receiving plate 107. Middle plate 10
8. Main pillar 109. Continuous plate 110, top plate 111. Reference plate 1
12) moves in an arc. Also, at this time, the reference plate 112 is connected to the reference plate guide 12 between the reference plate side plates 125 located at both ends.
The reference plate side plate 125 is set on the top plate 111, and a continuous plate is provided so that the holding member of the blank 101 can be moved. 110 moves in the relief slot 111' of the top plate 111. Also, as the holding member moves, the reference plate 11
The detection rod 128 and the top plate 111 set in the predetermined positions of 2
The sensor 12 attached via the sensor holder 126 to
7, the position of the reference plate 112, that is, the relative position of the blank 101 with respect to the forming plate 102, and the blank 1-
Detects the start of movement of 01. Therefore, the position information or movement start information of the holding member (blank 101) obtained by the sensor 127 is sent to the control box 130 via a predetermined signal transmission system, and is used for drive control of the drive devices 121 and 121'.

On the other hand, the forming plate 102 having one curvature r of the different surface ratio curved surface to be formed is moved by the swinging unit arm 120', the swinging unit 117, the fulcrum holder 11
6 and the fulcrum piece 115 in a direction substantially perpendicular to the moving direction of the blank 101 as shown by the arrow in the figure.

That is, by turning on the switch of the drive device 121 of the control box 130, the holding member holding the blank 101 starts to swing according to the curvature R of the plate cam 103 of the guide member, and at the same time, the sensor 127 starts swinging as described above. The start of the movement is detected, and based on the signal from the sensor 127, an ON signal is given to the drive device 121' via the control circuit in the control box 130.

Then, the driving device 121' is started by this ON signal, and a different surface ratio curved surface is formed. Note that if the forming plate 102 is not oscillated or the amplitude of the oscillation is small, the curvature r will be processed by "patching".

Therefore, by the method described above, a different surface ratio curved surface having a relatively large curvature R and curve $r is formed into the plate cam 1 which becomes a guide member.
03 accuracy, formation @ 102 accuracy, and blank 101
By maintaining the precision of the holding member (reference plate 112), etc., which holds the reference plate 112, it is possible to easily and accurately form the reference plate.

In this embodiment, a holding member that holds the blank 101 is swung on a plate cam 103 serving as a guide member via a bearing 104. For example, a concave plate cam having a curvature R shown in FIG. Instead, a convex plate cam having a curvature R is firmly attached to the bottom of the holding member, for example, the bottom of the middle plate 10B, and a rotatable roller or the like that can support the holding member is installed on the bottom plate 106. A convex plate cam may be slid on this roller and oscillated.A mechanism similar to this configuration is shown in the embodiment shown in FIGS. 5 and 6 described below. It is used to shake the plate.

In addition, a holding member that holds the blank 101 and a forming member @102
In this embodiment, the swinging unit arms 120, 120' are driven by pistons back and forth by a drive device, but the means for swinging is not limited to this.For example, An arm-shaped member rotatable about the center is extended from the center of curvature of the curved surface of the plate cam 103 in FIG. The holding member may be swung.
Although it is natural.

This mechanism can also be applied to the case where the formation@102 is oscillated. Alternatively, a small drive device may be incorporated into the holding member, and the drive device may drive wheels provided at the bottom of the holding member to constitute a self-propelled holding member. In this case,
At the same time, it is necessary to incorporate a control device or to accurately control the holding member to reciprocate at a predetermined speed using an external computer or the like.

In addition, in this embodiment, two sets of bearings 1 are mounted on a pair of plate cams 103.
The holding member is swung through the bearing 105.
It is also possible to further increase the number of bearings or replace them with rollers, etc., thereby reducing the load on each bearing and improving stability during rocking.

As is clear from the figure, a mechanism such as the plate cam 103 shown in FIG. 2 is particularly effective in forming a curved surface with a small curvature, and is a mechanism suitable for the purpose of the present invention. On the other hand, if the curvature becomes too large, it becomes difficult to construct the device itself, which is not preferable.

3(A) and 3(B) are other configuration examples of processing equipment based on the method for forming curved surfaces of different curvature according to the present invention, and FIG. 3(A) is a front sectional view of the apparatus, and FIG. B) is a side cross-sectional view, in which the same members as those shown in FIG.
132 is a bearing that moves on the guide member 131, 133 is a moving member that moves on the second guide member via the bearing 132, and this moving member has a fulcrum at the bottom. Fulcrum holder 116 with top 115
It is equipped with Reference numeral 134 indicates a swing unit arm for reciprocating the moving member 133.

The different curvature curved surface forming apparatus according to this embodiment will be described below with reference to FIGS. 3(A) and 3(B). Here, as in the previous embodiment, a case will be described in which a concave toroidal surface is formed.

The outer shape ruler 129 of the reference plate 112 is set according to the dimensions of the blank 101 on which a curved surface with a different curvature is to be formed, and the blank 101 is fitted to this outer shape ruler 129.
3, the blank 101 is attracted to the attraction surface 114 of the reference plate 112 by a suction device such as a vacuum pump (not shown). At this time, it is preferable to set the blank 101 without distortion so that no distortion occurs.Next, select a forming plate 102 having one curvature of the different surface ratio curved surface to be formed on the blank 101, for example, a curvature r. , this forming plate 102 is placed on the blank 101 so that its center and the center of the blank 101 approximately coincide with each other. Furthermore, the two fulcrum pieces 115 provided on the fulcrum holder 116 of the moving member 133 are set in the slots 115' formed in the forming plate 102. Then, abrasive grains of a predetermined particle size or type are supplied between the blank lot and the forming plate 102. Note that the curvature of the plate cam 103 is equal to one curvature R to be formed on the blank 101.

To start processing the blank 101, first, turn on a switch in a control box (not shown). switch on
is input, the swinging unit arm 120 connected to a predetermined drive device (for example, the drive device 121 in FIG. 2) reciprocates, and the swing unit arm 120 moves according to the curvature R of the plate cam 103 via the swinging unit arm 120. Holding member of blank 101 (
Bearing 105. bearing shirt) 104, seat jy7 seat receiving plate 107. Middle board 1o8. Main pillar 1o9° continuous plate 110. Top plate 111. The reference plate 112) moves in an arc. Further, at this time, the reference plate 112 moves via the reference plate guides 124 between the reference plate side plates 125 located at both ends, so that the reference plate 112 stably reciprocates without horizontal wobbling. In addition, the reference plate side plate 12
5 is set on the top plate 111, and the continuous plate 110 moves in the relief groove hole 111' of the top plate 111 so that the holding member of the blank 101 can be moved. Additionally, as the holding member moves, the position of the reference plate 112 is determined by the combination of the detection rod 128 set at a predetermined position on the reference plate 112 and the sensor 127 attached to the top plate ill via the sensor holder 126. The relative position of the blank 101 with respect to the forming plate 102 and the start of movement of the blank 101 are detected. Therefore,
Position information or movement start information of the holding member (blank 1ot) obtained by the sensor 127 is sent to a control box (not shown) via a predetermined signal transmission system, and is used for drive control of a predetermined drive device.

On the other hand, the forming plate 102 for forming one curvature r of the different surface ratio curved surface to be formed is moved by a swinging unit arm 131, a moving member 133, and a fulcrum holder 116 by a predetermined drive device.
, and the second guide member 131 which is integral with the fulcrum piece 115 and has a curvature r of 1, the plank l0IJ: swings and moves back and forth as shown by the arrow in the figure via the bearing 132. Note that this moving direction is substantially orthogonal to the moving direction of the blank 101. That is, by turning on the switch of the control box (not shown), the blank 10
At the same time, the holding member holding the plate cam 103, which is a guide member, starts to swing according to the curved surface of the curvature R, and the sensor 127 detects the start of the swing as described above.
Based on the signal from the controller, an ON signal is given to the drive device of the swing unit arm 131 via a control circuit in a control box (not shown). Then, the drive device of the swing unit arm 131 is started by this ON signal, and the formation of a curved surface with a different curvature is started as in the previous embodiment.

In this embodiment, among the different surface ratio curved surfaces to be formed, not only a relatively small curvature R is formed by reciprocating the holding member that holds the blank 101 on the plate cam 103, but also the other curvature R Also, a second vehicle with a self-vehicle r like a plate cam
It is formed by reciprocating the movable member 133 on the guide member 131 of. Further, the reciprocating movement of the moving member 133 includes the rocking of the forming plate 102, and the curvature r is formed by a good mixture of forced machining and so-called ゛° profile machining. Therefore, it is possible to form a curved surface with a different surface ratio in a shorter time than in the embodiments described above, and sufficient surface accuracy can be obtained. In addition, in this embodiment, by sequentially changing the forming plate, the type of abrasive grains, and the period of reciprocating motion of the holding member and moving member, it is possible to carry out the entire process from rough sanding to precision polishing using a flat plate blank. It is possible to carry out the device only in a car. Further, the blank may have a curved surface that has undergone a rough-sliding process in advance.

FIGS. 4(A) and 4(B) also show other configuration examples of processing equipment based on the method of forming a curved surface with a different surface area according to the present invention, FIG. 4(A) is a front sectional view, and FIG. 4(B) is a front sectional view. In figure 0 showing a side sectional view,
The same members as those shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 are designated by the same reference numbers, and 135 and 138 are motors for rotating the rugby pole-shaped forming plate 102 in the direction of the arrow in the figure; 1
37 indicates a support unit that supports the forming plate 102 and is rotatable.

The different surface ratio curved surface forming apparatus according to this embodiment will be described below with reference to FIGS. 4(A) and 4(B). The explanation will be given again using the case of machining a concave toroidal surface.

The outer shape ruler 129 of the reference plate 112 is set according to the dimensions of the blank 101 on which a different surface ratio curved surface is to be formed, and the blank 101 is fitted onto this outer shape ruler 129. The blank 101 is attracted to the attraction surface 114 of the reference plate 112 using a suction device such as a vacuum pump. At this time, it is preferable to set the blank 101 without distortion so that the blank 101 is not distorted.
The curvature of one side of the different surface ratio curved surface to be formed on the surface, for example, the curvature r
A rugby-pole-shaped forming plate 102 having along the generatrix direction (longitudinal direction) is selected, and this forming plate 102 is placed on the blank 101 so that its center and the center of the blank 101 approximately coincide with each other. Further, a forming plate (equipped with a motor 136) 102 is attached to a support unit 137, and abrasive grains having a predetermined particle size are supplied between the blank 101 and the forming plate 102. As in the previous embodiment, the curvature of the plate cam 103 is equal to the other curvature R of the blank 101 to be formed.

To start processing the blank 101, first, turn on a switch in a control box (not shown). switch on
is input, the swinging unit arm 120 connected to a predetermined drive device (for example, the drive device 121 in FIG. 2) reciprocates, and the swing unit arm 120 moves according to the curvature R of the plate cam 103 via the swinging unit arm 120. Holding member of blank 101 (
Bearing 105. bearing shirt) 104. Shaft receiving plate 107
．． Middle plate 108. Main pillar 109° Continuous plate 110. Top plate 111
．． The reference plate 112) interlocks in an arc shape. Also, at this time, reference plate 1
12 moves via the reference plate guide 124 between the reference plate side plates 125 located at both ends, so it performs stable reciprocating motion without lateral wobbling.The reference plate side plates 125 are set on the top plate 111. The continuous plate 110 moves within the relief slot 111' of the top plate 111 so that the holding member of the blank 101 can be moved. Additionally, as the holding member moves, the detection rod 128 set at a predetermined position on the reference plate 112
The position of the reference plate 112, that is, the relative position of the blank 101 with respect to the forming plate 102, and the start of movement of the blank 101 are detected by a combination of the sensor 127 attached to the top plate via the sensor holder 126. Intersect, sensor 127
The position information or movement start information of the holding member (blank 101) obtained is sent to a control box (not shown) via a predetermined signal transmission system and used for drive control of a predetermined drive device.

On the other hand, the forming plate 102 for forming one curvature r of the curved surface of different curvature to be formed is moved by the motor 135 to the blank 10.
rotates around an axis perpendicular to the machining surface of 1, and also
A motor 136 rotates the rugby ball-shaped forming plate 102 around an axis that is a generatrix.

That is, turn on the switch of the control box (not shown).
As a result, the holding member holding the blank 101 starts to swing according to the curvature R of the plate cam 103, and at the same time,
The sensor 127 detects the start of rocking, and based on the signal from the sensor 127, an ON signal is given to the motors 135 and 136 via a control circuit in a control box (not shown). Then, the motors 135 and 136 are turned on, two types of rotation are applied to the forming plate 102, and the formation of a curved surface with a different curvature is started as in the previous embodiment.

In this embodiment, unlike the previous embodiment, two types of rotation are applied to the forming plate 102 in order to further shorten the machining time. However, it is not preferable to make both rotational speeds extremely high because vibration etc. will occur, and this will also affect the machining accuracy.

Therefore, this rotational speed is appropriately selected in consideration of the processing process, the blank material and abrasive grains, the period of reciprocating movement of the blank holding member, and the like.

FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing another example of the structure of the device for forming a curved surface of different curvature according to the present invention. In FIG. Further, 138 is a drive device for driving the swinging unit arm 134, and 139 is a transmission member 1 for transmitting the rotation of the motor 136 via a belt 141.
The transmission member 140 is the aforementioned transmission member and transmits the rotation of the motor 136 to the rugby ball-shaped forming plate 102. 141 is the aforementioned belt, 142 is the drive device 1
38 is shown.

This embodiment also shows a configuration in which a concave toroidal surface is formed on the blank 101 as in the previous embodiment, and the blank 1
Holding members (105, 107, 11
2) is oscillated on a plate cam 103 having a small curvature R on one side of a curved surface with a different curvature to be formed on the blank 101, and the forming plate 102 that is relatively oscillated is pressed against the blank 101 to form a curved surface with a curvature R. is formed. Furthermore, a feature of this embodiment is that transmission members 139, 140, . A belt 139 is used to apply rotation to a motor 136 to rotate it around the generatrix axis, and a second guide member 131 having a curvature r is provided on a support unit 137 that supports this forming plate 102.
This second guide member 131 is installed on the hill of the roller, and by driving the swinging unit arm 134 with a drive device 138, it is supported by a support unit 137 in a direction substantially perpendicular to the swinging direction according to the plate cam l'03. The point is that a curved surface with a curvature r is formed by swinging the formed forming plate 102. Therefore, unlike the embodiment shown in FIG. 4, vibrations caused by the two types of rotation do not occur much, and the blank 101 can be stably processed.

Furthermore, since the rotating shaft of the motor is not integrated with the forming plate 102, a stable configuration can be achieved.

It should be noted that when forming a curved surface with a different curvature using this apparatus, it can be performed according to substantially the same procedure as in the above embodiment.

Furthermore, if the forming element 102 of this embodiment is provided with a large number of pores and the blank is processed in an abrasive solution so that abrasive grains can be supplied from the large number of pores, so-called float polishing can be performed. It is possible to achieve a configuration suitable for more precise polishing.

6 is a perspective view showing a modification of the embodiment shown in FIG. 5. FIG.

All the numbers in the figure correspond to the numbers shown in FIG. 5, and show the apparatus for forming a convex toroidal surface. Therefore, the difference between this embodiment and the embodiment shown in FIG. 5 is that the plate cam 10
3 has a convex surface rather than a concave surface, and forming plate 1
The shape of 02 is not a rugby pole shape but a pincushion shape having a concave curved surface with a curvature r in the generatrix direction, and the shape of the second guide member 131 formed in the support unit 137 is not a convex surface but has a curvature r. This point has a concave surface.

Therefore, in the apparatus of this embodiment as well as in the apparatus shown in FIG. 5, it is possible to form a curved surface with a different surface ratio stably and with high precision, and it is also possible to perform processing according to the same procedure as in the previous embodiment. .

In the embodiments described above, the method and apparatus for forming a convex toroidal surface and a concave toroidal surface have been described, but the method for forming a curved surface with a different curvature according to the present invention is not limited to this type of curved surface, and can form curved surfaces of various shapes. That is, the toroid surface is generally a curved surface having a curvature R1 curvature r (R>r) in the generatrix and sagittal directions, but it is also possible to form a curved surface with three or more different types of curved surfaces. This can be achieved, for example, by changing the shape of the former used in each embodiment, or by using a guide member such as a plate cam when swinging the holding member that holds the blank. This can be easily achieved by numerically controlling the cam mechanism. Therefore, in the processing device based on the method of the present invention, different types of curved surfaces can be processed using the same device by replacing guide members such as plate cams and forming plates. This means that it can be formed by

Further, the different curvature curved surface forming apparatus shown in each example is only one form for achieving the different curvature curved surface forming method of the present invention, and various forming apparatuses based on the method of the present invention can be constructed. It is possible. Furthermore, it goes without saying that the method of the present invention can be modified in various ways by adding further steps.

That is, the curvature of one side of the different surface, especially the smaller curvature R
In order to form a curvature, in the conventional method, the blank and the forming plate are brought into contact at a position exactly the radius of curvature from the center of the curvature to be formed, and processed by rotating them relative to each other around the center of curvature. On the other hand, in the present invention, the position where the blank and the forming plate come into contact and are processed is configured to be a predetermined distance away from the position of the radius of curvature. In order to achieve this configuration, the present invention employs a method in which the blank is held by a holding member and this holding member is swung on a guide member having a predetermined curvature R, so that the curvature to be formed is extremely small. Even if the surface is small, a desired different surface ratio curved surface can be easily formed using a relatively small device. Therefore, it is sufficient to design the device based on this basic idea, and needless to say, there are many variations regarding the mechanism for forming the larger curvature r.

<Effects of the Invention> As described above, the method and apparatus for forming a curved surface with a different curvature according to the present invention forms a toroidal surface having a small curvature, for example, a curvature close to several meters on at least one side, such as a reflecting mirror for X-rays. The method and device are capable of stably forming curved surfaces with excellent surface accuracy, even when using a relatively small forming device.

In addition, the same equipment can be used to process flat plate blanks, etc. from the roughing process to the polishing process such as ultra-precision polishing, which greatly reduces the idle time required for setup time and improves productivity. You can also do it.

Furthermore, by changing the shape of the former and numerically controlling the mechanism for swinging the holding member that holds the blank,
It is possible to form various different surface ratio curved surfaces with high accuracy, and for example, when forming a toroidal surface, the cross accuracy in the generatrix and sagittal line directions is also very high.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram for explaining a conventional toroid surface processing method. FIGS. 2A and 2B are diagrams showing an example of the configuration of a processing device based on the method for forming a curved surface with a different curvature according to the present invention. FIGS. 3(A) and 3(CB) are diagrams showing other configuration examples of processing equipment based on the method for forming curved surfaces of different curvature according to the present invention. FIGS. 4(A) and 4(B) are diagrams showing other configuration examples of processing equipment based on the method for forming curved surfaces of different curvature according to the present invention. FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing another example of the different surface ratio curved surface forming apparatus according to the present invention. FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing a modification of the different surface ratio curved surface forming apparatus shown in FIG. 101---------Blank 102------
---------One-forming plate 103-----Guide member 104 consisting of a one-plate cam----One bearing shaft 105.1
32-m-Bearing 106--------------One bottom plate 107-----Shaft receiving plate 108-
-------------One middle plate 109-11---------Main plate 110------One continuous plate t l t -
−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
-----One reference plate L 13------------ One one -- Suction port 114 -------- One suction surface 115 --
------------One fulcrum piece 116----
-----Fulcrum holder 117---------
Swinging unit t t a---------One fulcrum holder receiver 1 19--------- Weight rod 120.120', 134 11------ ----- Swing unit arm 121.
121', 138 111-------Drive device 122---11---Fulcrum pin 123---
---11-----Strut 124--11--Reference plate guide 125-
-------------One reference plate side plate 126----
-----------Sensor holder 127------
---Sensor 128-----1 detection rod 1
29----------Outline ruler 130--
-----------Control box 131----
-11-----Second guide member 133-11----
-----Moving member 135.136---Motor 137------Support unit 139.
141--1 transmission member 140--11--belt 141--
----------One support stand No. 10

Claims (2)

[Claims] (1) disposing a guide member having a first curvature of a curved surface of different curvature to be processed and a holding member for holding the workpiece;
moving the holding member according to the guide member; bringing a forming plate having a second curvature of the curved surface of different curvature to be machined into pressure contact with the processing surface of the workpiece; and shaking the forming plate. A method for forming a curved surface with a different curvature, comprising a step of moving or rotating the surface. (2) A holding means for holding a workpiece, a guide member having a first curvature of a curved surface with a different curvature to be processed and supporting the holding means, and a first drive for moving the holding means according to the guide member. a forming plate having a second curvature of the curved surface with a different curvature to be processed; a supporting means for supporting the forming plate and bringing it into pressure contact with the workpiece; and a second drive for swinging or rotating the forming plate. A device for forming a curved surface with a different curvature.