JPS62190649A - Metal halide lamp - Google Patents
Metal halide lampInfo
- Publication number
- JPS62190649A JPS62190649A JP3233986A JP3233986A JPS62190649A JP S62190649 A JPS62190649 A JP S62190649A JP 3233986 A JP3233986 A JP 3233986A JP 3233986 A JP3233986 A JP 3233986A JP S62190649 A JPS62190649 A JP S62190649A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- outer tube
- tube
- coating
- arc tube
- thermofluid
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 229910001507 metal halide Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 9
- 150000005309 metal halides Chemical class 0.000 title claims description 9
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 abstract description 21
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 20
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000010422 painting Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 3
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Alumina Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009503 electrostatic coating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen iodide Chemical compound I XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052756 noble gas Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002835 noble gases Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920001225 polyester resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004645 polyester resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Vessels And Coating Films For Discharge Lamps (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
産業上の利用分野
本発明はメタルハライドランプに係り、詳しくは発光管
の動作圧力が高いランプにおいて、発光管が破壊された
ときの飛散防止手段を備えたものに関するものである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a metal halide lamp, and more particularly to a lamp whose arc tube has a high operating pressure and is equipped with a means to prevent scattering when the arc tube is broken. be.
従来の技術
メタルハライドランプは両端部に封着された一対の電極
を具備する発光管内に金部ハロゲン化物。Conventional metal halide lamps are metal halide lamps in an arc tube with a pair of electrodes sealed at both ends.
水銀および始動用希ガスを封入した構成より成っている
。ランプ全体の構成は発光管をマウントし、外管内のほ
ぼ中心部に位置せしめた構成を採り、口金によって電気
的接続を行う。It consists of a structure filled with mercury and a rare starting gas. The overall structure of the lamp is such that the luminous tube is mounted and positioned approximately in the center of the outer bulb, and electrical connections are made through the base.
発明が解決しようとする問題点
かかる構成のメタルハライドランプは、従来、４００Ｗ
ランプを中心とする大型ランプが中心であったが、最近
は、１ｏｏＷ、７０Ｗ、４０Ｗといった低ワツトランプ
が商業照明を中心に利用が増大してきている。安定点灯
中の水銀蒸気圧力が発光管の動作圧力の大部分を占め、
始動用希ガスや金満・・ロゲン化物の圧力は、水銀蒸気
圧に比較して無視できる程度に小さい０かかる水銀蒸気
圧は低ワツトランプはど増大し、第２図に示すとと＜４
００Ｗランプでは約４．５気圧であるが、７０Ｗランプ
では約１７．６気圧まで増大している。このように低ワ
ツトランプを高い水銀蒸気圧で動作させる場合に、発光
管封着部のクラックがラングの寿命末期等に発生すると
、非常にまれなケースではあるが、発光管が破壊され、
発光管片と外管ガラス片が周囲に飛散することがある。Problems to be Solved by the Invention Conventionally, metal halide lamps with such a configuration have a power consumption of 400W.
Large-sized lamps have been the main focus, but recently, low-wattage lamps such as 1ooW, 70W, and 40W have been increasingly used mainly for commercial lighting. The mercury vapor pressure during stable lighting accounts for most of the operating pressure of the arc tube.
The pressure of noble gases for starting, gold, etc. is negligibly small compared to the mercury vapor pressure.The mercury vapor pressure increases as the temperature decreases, and as shown in Figure 2, it becomes <4.
The pressure is about 4.5 atmospheres for the 00W lamp, but increases to about 17.6 atmospheres for the 70W lamp. When operating a low-wattage lamp like this at high mercury vapor pressure, if a crack occurs in the sealing part of the arc tube toward the end of the lamp's life, the arc tube may be destroyed, although this is a very rare case.
Pieces of the arc tube and outer tube glass may be scattered around.
発光管の封着部に発生するクランクと発光管の破壊圧力
との関係を詳しく調べた結果を第３図に示す０第３図で
クラック小とは、直径が約４Ｈ未満の貝殻状クラックが
モリブデン箔埋設部の電極側エツジ部に発生している場
合であり、クラック大とは、直径が約４賜以上の同様の
クラックが封着部に発生していた場合であり、８３図は
これらとクラックなしとの３水準で破壊圧力を比較した
ものである。第３図において、・印は１００Ｗランプの
場合を、○印は４０ＯＮの場合をそれぞれ示す。Figure 3 shows the results of a detailed investigation of the relationship between the crack that occurs in the sealed portion of the arc tube and the burst pressure of the arc tube. This is a case where the crack has occurred at the electrode side edge of the molybdenum foil embedded part, and a large crack is defined as a case where a similar crack with a diameter of about 4 mm or more has occurred in the sealed part. This is a comparison of the rupture pressures at three levels: cracked and crack-free. In FIG. 3, the * mark indicates the case of a 100W lamp, and the ○ mark indicates the case of a 40ON lamp.
第３図から明らかなごとく、たとえ、クラック大が発生
しても、この実験によれば１２〜１３気圧が最低であり
、試験数を増大させたばらつきを見込んでも９気圧以上
の破壊圧力となる。したがって、９気圧未満の水銀蒸気
圧で動作するランプ、たとえば４００Ｗの約４．６気圧
では、クラック大が発生しても発光管の破壊は発生しな
いが、１００Ｗランプの場合は、安定点灯中の水銀蒸気
圧が約１４．６気圧であり、破壊圧力がこれ以下に低下
して発光管を破壊させることがある。ただし、クラック
大に至る確率は非常に少なく、クラック大に達する前に
、クランクの端部が封着部の表面に達して、発光管ｅ
ＩＪ−りさせて、不点に至らしめるので、発光管の破壊
につながる確率は非常にわずかであるが、より高い安全
性を求めるために、たとえ、発光管の破壊が発生しても
、発光管片と外管ガラス片を周囲に飛散させない対応策
が必要である。As is clear from Figure 3, even if a large crack occurs, according to this experiment, the minimum pressure is 12 to 13 atm, and even if the variation caused by the increased number of tests is taken into account, the rupture pressure will be more than 9 atm. . Therefore, in a lamp that operates at a mercury vapor pressure of less than 9 atm, for example at 400 W at approximately 4.6 atm, the arc tube will not be destroyed even if a large crack occurs, but in the case of a 100 W lamp, the arc tube will not be destroyed during stable operation. The mercury vapor pressure is approximately 14.6 atmospheres, and the breakdown pressure may drop below this and cause the arc tube to break. However, the probability of the crack becoming large is very low, and before the crack reaches the large size, the end of the crank will reach the surface of the sealing part and the arc tube e.
The probability that the arc tube will be destroyed is very small, but even if the arc tube is destroyed, even if the arc tube is destroyed, the Measures must be taken to prevent the tube pieces and outer tube glass pieces from scattering around.
問題点を解決するための手段
ガラス管の飛散防止被膜として、螢光ランプではポリエ
ステル系樹脂被膜を用いたランプがすでに実用化されて
いるが、本発明に係るメタルハライドランプに使用する
には、耐熱性の点で問題がある、
発明者は耐熱性の高い飛散防止被膜について種々試験を
行った結果、熱流動性フッ素樹脂被膜が適していること
を見出した。ところで、フッ素樹脂被膜が外部からの衝
撃による外管ガラス割れの場合に飛散防止効果があるこ
とを利用して、１０００Ｗ、２０００Ｗクラスの高ワツ
トランプで、集魚灯などに用ることは公知である（昭和
６９年度（第１７回）照明学会全国大会講演論文集第３
９ページ「フッ素樹脂膜を被覆した漁業用メタルノ・ラ
イドランプ」）本発明では発光管による内部からの破壊
衝撃に対して、破壊した発光管片を外管内にとどめるよ
うにしたものである。Means for Solving the Problem Lamps using a polyester resin coating as a shatterproof coating for glass tubes have already been put into practical use in fluorescent lamps. The inventor conducted various tests on highly heat-resistant shatterproof coatings and found that a heat-flowable fluororesin coating was suitable. By the way, it is known that the fluororesin coating has a scattering prevention effect when the outer tube glass breaks due to external impact, and is used in high-wattage lamps of the 1000W and 2000W class, such as fishing lights ( 1986 (17th) Illuminating Engineering Society of Japan National Conference Lecture Proceedings No. 3
(Page 9 "Fishery Metallic Ride Lamp Covered with Fluororesin Film") In the present invention, the broken arc tube pieces are kept inside the outer bulb against the breaking impact from the inside of the arc tube.
本発明は安定点灯中の水銀蒸気圧が９気圧以上で動作す
る石英製発光管を内蔵する外管の外面に、熱流動性フッ
素樹脂を主成分とする被膜を被着させたものである。In the present invention, a coating mainly composed of a heat-flowable fluororesin is coated on the outer surface of an outer bulb containing a quartz arc tube that operates at a mercury vapor pressure of 9 atmospheres or more during stable lighting.
作 用
かかる構成により、動程中の寿命末期等に発生する発光
管封着部のクラックが成長して発光管の耐圧（破壊圧力
）が低下し、発光管の破壊が発生した場合、発光管ガラ
ス片が外管内面罠射突し、び
外管ガラスにひ伊割れが生じるが、外管は元の形状をと
どめており、破壊された発光管片は外管−傘享内に完全
にとどまり、周囲への飛散を防止することができる。点
灯中の発光管は赤熱した電極や石英ガラスを含んでいる
ので、もしこれらが被膜に直接接触すると、被膜は溶融
してしまう。しかし、本発明によると、電極や石英ガラ
スが被膜に直接接触することなく、すなわち外管ガラス
内面に射突するために、熱容量の小さい電極や石英ガラ
ス片は急速に冷却される結果、被膜が溶融したり、一部
離されたりするという不都合の発生を防止することがで
き、飛散防止効果を完全なも゛のとすることができる。With this configuration, if cracks in the sealing part of the arc tube that occur at the end of its life during motion grow and the arc tube's withstand pressure (rupture pressure) decreases and the arc tube breaks, the arc tube The glass fragments hit the inner surface of the outer tube, causing cracks in the outer tube glass, but the outer tube retained its original shape, and the broken arc tube pieces were completely inserted into the outer tube and the inside of the canopy. It can stay in place and prevent it from scattering to the surrounding area. A lit arc tube contains red-hot electrodes and quartz glass, so if these come into direct contact with the coating, the coating will melt. However, according to the present invention, since the electrodes and quartz glass do not come into direct contact with the coating, that is, they collide with the inner surface of the outer tube glass, the electrodes and quartz glass pieces with small heat capacity are rapidly cooled, and as a result, the coating is It is possible to prevent the occurrence of inconveniences such as melting or part separation, and it is possible to fully achieve the scattering prevention effect.
実施例
第１図において、一端に口金１を取り付けた外管２内の
ほぼ中央部に最大内径１３Ｂ、電極間距離１５．６ｍｌ
のだ円形状発光管３がステム４およびステム線６によっ
て保持されている。外管２内にはネオン−３０％窒素ガ
スが約６７ＫＰａ封入されている。外管２の最大径は約
Ｙｏｕ、ランプ全長は約１７５Ｂであり、ガラス肉厚は
０．７〜１．５鵡である。発光管３の両端部には電極が
封着されて封着部９が形成され、内部にはナトリウム−
タリウム−インジウムのよう化物、約２３勺の水銀およ
びネオン−０，５係アルゴンのペニングガスが約５．３
ＫＰａ封入されている。発光管３の近傍のステム線６は
光電効果防止用のアルミナセラミック管６で被覆されて
いる。まだ、発光管３の上部にはゲッタ７が取り付けら
れている。Embodiment In FIG. 1, a tube with a maximum inner diameter of 13B and a distance between electrodes of 15.6 ml is placed approximately in the center of the outer tube 2 with the cap 1 attached to one end.
An elliptical arc tube 3 is held by a stem 4 and a stem wire 6. Approximately 67 KPa of neon-30% nitrogen gas is sealed inside the outer tube 2. The maximum diameter of the outer tube 2 is about You, the total length of the lamp is about 175B, and the glass wall thickness is 0.7 to 1.5 mm. Electrodes are sealed at both ends of the arc tube 3 to form a sealed part 9, and the inside is filled with sodium.
Thallium-indium iodide, about 23 g of mercury and about 5.3 g of neon-0.5 argon Penning gas
KPa is included. The stem wire 6 near the arc tube 3 is covered with an alumina ceramic tube 6 for preventing the photoelectric effect. The getter 7 is still attached to the top of the arc tube 3.
外管２の外面には熱流動性フッ素樹脂被膜８を被着させ
ている。この被着の方法は、まず外管ガラスと同被膜と
の接着強度を増大させるために、下地塗装を行い、その
上に粉体静電塗装法で塗布した熱流動性フッ素樹脂パウ
ダーを約３５０’（：、で焼付けることにより、パウダ
ーを熱流動させて、６０〜１００μ厚に造膜するもので
ある。弗善ｉ・。A thermofluidic fluororesin coating 8 is coated on the outer surface of the outer tube 2. This method of adhesion involves first applying a base coat to increase the adhesive strength between the outer tube glass and the same coating, and then applying approximately 350 coats of heat-flowable fluororesin powder applied using powder electrostatic coating on the base coat. By baking with '(:,), the powder is thermally fluidized to form a film with a thickness of 60 to 100 μm.
かかるランプは定格入力１００Ｗで動作するよう設計さ
れており、例えばランプ電圧１０５Ｖ 。Such lamps are designed to operate with a rated power input of 100W, e.g. a lamp voltage of 105V.
ランプ電流１．０３Ａ、ランプ電力１０２Ｗで安定し、
全光束６８００ルーメンが得られた。このような特性の
ランプ６本の寿命テスト結果は、最大温度２４０℃の器
具的点灯状態で５ｏｏｏ時間点灯後、ランプ電圧１１７
Ｖ 、ランプ電流０．９８Ａ、ランプ電力１ｏ１ｖｖ、
全光束４６０ｏルーメンの特性であって、外管外面に被
着した熱流動性フッ素樹脂被膜の変色および剥離等は全
く発生せず良好な被膜状態を保持していた。Stable with lamp current 1.03A and lamp power 102W,
A total luminous flux of 6800 lumens was obtained. The life test results of 6 lamps with these characteristics show that the lamp voltage is 117% after being lit for 500 hours under the conditions of appliance lighting at a maximum temperature of 240°C.
V, lamp current 0.98A, lamp power 1o1vv,
The total luminous flux was 460 lumens, and the thermofluidic fluororesin coating on the outer surface of the outer tube did not discolor or peel off at all, and maintained a good coating condition.
発明の詳細
な説明したように、本発明は安定点灯中の水銀蒸気圧が
９気圧以上である石英製発光管を内蔵した外管の外面に
熱流動性フッ素樹脂を主成分とする被膜を被着すること
により、発光管封着部に発生した貝殻状クラックが進展
し、発光管の耐圧が低下して動作圧以下になって発光管
が破壊されても、破壊された発光管片と外管内に確実に
とどめることができる。この場合、発光管片の射突によ
り外管にひび割れが生じるが、はぼ元の形状をとどめて
おり、発光管片と外管ガラスの両者を周囲に飛散させな
い新規な効果を有するもので、安全性のレベルを著しく
向上させたメタルハライドランプを提供することができ
るものである。As described in detail, the present invention provides a method of coating the outer surface of an outer tube containing a quartz arc tube with a mercury vapor pressure of 9 atm or more during stable lighting with a coating mainly composed of a thermofluid fluororesin. As a result, even if the shell-like crack that occurs in the sealed part of the arc tube develops and the arc tube's withstand pressure decreases to below the operating pressure and the arc tube is destroyed, the broken arc tube piece and the outside It can be kept securely within the pipe. In this case, cracks occur in the outer tube due to the impact of the arc tube pieces, but the original shape remains, and this has the novel effect of preventing both the arc tube pieces and the outer tube glass from scattering to the surroundings. It is possible to provide a metal halide lamp with a significantly improved level of safety.
第１図は本発明の一実施例である低ワツトメタルハライ
ドランプの一部切欠正面図、第２図はランプワットと水
銀蒸気圧の関係を示す図、第３図は発光管封着部のクラ
ック発生の大きさと発光管の破壊圧力との関係を１００
Ｗランプと４００Ｗランプについて試験した結果をプロ
ットした図である。
１・・・・・口金、２・・・・・外管、３・・・・・・
発光管、４・・・・ステム、６・・・・・・ステム線、
６・・・・・・アルミナセラミック管、７・・・・・・
ゲッタ、８・・・・・・熱流動性フッ素樹脂被膜、９・
・・・・・封着部。
代理人の氏名 弁理士 中 尾 敏 男 ほか１名第１
図Fig. 1 is a partially cutaway front view of a low wattage metal halide lamp which is an embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a diagram showing the relationship between lamp wattage and mercury vapor pressure, and Fig. 3 is a crack in the sealed portion of the arc tube. The relationship between the size of the generation and the burst pressure of the arc tube is 100
It is a diagram plotting the results of testing a W lamp and a 400W lamp. 1...Base, 2...Outer pipe, 3...
Arc tube, 4... stem, 6... stem wire,
6...Alumina ceramic tube, 7...
Getter, 8...Thermofluidic fluororesin coating, 9.
...Sealing part. Name of agent: Patent attorney Toshio Nakao and 1 other person No. 1
figure
Claims (1)
よび希ガスを封入し、安定点灯中の水銀蒸気圧が９気圧
以上である石英製発光管を内蔵した外管の外面に熱流動
性フッ素樹脂を主成分とする被膜を被着したことを特徴
とするメタルハライドランプ。Thermal fluidity is applied to the outer surface of the outer tube, which has a built-in quartz arc tube with electrodes sealed at both ends and metal halides, mercury, and rare gases sealed inside, with a mercury vapor pressure of 9 atm or more during stable lighting. A metal halide lamp characterized by being coated with a film whose main component is fluororesin.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP3233986A JPS62190649A (en) | 1986-02-17 | 1986-02-17 | Metal halide lamp |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP3233986A JPS62190649A (en) | 1986-02-17 | 1986-02-17 | Metal halide lamp |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS62190649A true JPS62190649A (en) | 1987-08-20 |
Family
ID=12356191
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP3233986A Pending JPS62190649A (en) | 1986-02-17 | 1986-02-17 | Metal halide lamp |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS62190649A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH03295148A (en) * | 1990-04-13 | 1991-12-26 | Toshiba Lighting & Technol Corp | Tubular bulb |
| EP1227512A2 (en) * | 2001-01-24 | 2002-07-31 | General Electric Company | High pressure halogen filament lamp |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS49105386A (en) * | 1973-02-13 | 1974-10-05 |
-
1986
- 1986-02-17 JP JP3233986A patent/JPS62190649A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS49105386A (en) * | 1973-02-13 | 1974-10-05 |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH03295148A (en) * | 1990-04-13 | 1991-12-26 | Toshiba Lighting & Technol Corp | Tubular bulb |
| JP2666516B2 (en) * | 1990-04-13 | 1997-10-22 | 東芝ライテック株式会社 | Tube ball |
| EP1227512A2 (en) * | 2001-01-24 | 2002-07-31 | General Electric Company | High pressure halogen filament lamp |
| EP1227512A3 (en) * | 2001-01-24 | 2003-01-08 | General Electric Company | High pressure halogen filament lamp |
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