JPS62184034A - Apparatus for reconverting waste plastic into oil - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To reclaim wastes and to recover an extracted oil of good quality in good efficiency, by liquefying, by quenching, a thermal decomposition gas obtained by the secondary dry distillation of the primary dry distillation oil formed by liquefying, by quenching, a thermal decomposition gas obtained by the primary dry distillation of waste plastic. CONSTITUTION:A coarse waste material 6 such as recovered waste polyolefin plastic is crushed with a crusher 7, conveyed by a conveyor 8, stored in a hopper 9, conveyed by a conveyor 10, continuously fed at a constant rate to the dry distillation kettle 11 of a sealed structure of the primary distillation apparatus 2 brought into an oxygen- free state by discharging air through a vacuum pump 13 and heated to about 500 deg.C by a burner 12, where it is dry-distilled, heat-decomposed and gasified. The generated gas is fed through a pipe 14 to the primary condenser 3 and liquefied by quenching to below 5 deg.C, the separated combustible gas is used as an auxiliary fuel to a dry distillation apparatus 2 and the primary dry distilled oil is injected through a pump 15 and a pipe 16 into the dry distillation kettle 17 of the secondary dry distillation apparatus 17, where it is dry-distilled and heat-decomposed. The generated gas is fed through a pipe 20 to the secondary condenser 5 and liquefied by quenching to below 5 deg.C, and the obtained extracted oil is sent through a pump 21, etc., to a treatment apparatus 23 and stored in a tank 26.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] Field of Application in the FIL Industry The present invention relates to an equipment for converting plastic waste into oil, and in particular, it decomposes polyolefin-based Plus Deck waste using a pyrolysis dry distillation method, converts it into oil, and produces Ekenkoga oil. Regarding the equipment for collecting data.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Conventional techniques and problems to be solved by the invention Conventionally, waste products made of synthetic resins have been mainly disposed of by landfilling or incineration. In the former method, soil contamination caused by landfilling became a problem, while in the latter method, air pollution caused by incineration became a problem. Furthermore, in the latter method, high heat is generated during incineration, which damages the incineration device itself, resulting in a relatively short lifespan of the device.

In addition, since synthetic resins are made from petroleum, it is known that by carbonizing the waste and liquefying the gas generated by the carbonization, it can be returned to light oil and heavy oil. It also becomes possible to treat waste.This treatment method yields reusable light oil and heavy oil, so it is more advantageous than the former treatment method.However, conventional treatment methods of this type However, the recovery rate of heavy oil was poor and the quality of the obtained heavy oil was also poor, making it impractical.

Currently, most of the thermoplastic plastic snack waste is polyolefin-based (polyethylene (PE)).

Processing of waste plastics such as polypropylene (PP), attack polypropylene (APR), glass reinforced plastic (FRP), polystyrene (PS), and polyvinyl chloride, but excluding chlorine-containing plus books. It was hoped that this method would be realized.

An object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems and to provide an apparatus for converting plastic waste into oil, which meets the above-mentioned requirements. A primary carbonization device that generates gas by carbonizing substances in an oxygen-free state, a primary condenser that rapidly cools the gas supplied from the primary carbonization device to an average of less than 5*c and liquefies it, and a primary condenser. A secondary carbonization device that carbonizes and gasifies the primary carbonization oil, and a second carbonization device that rapidly cools the gas supplied from the secondary carbonization device to an average of less than 5*c and liquefies it to extract oil (light oil and heavy oil). The structure consists of the following capacitors.

The secondary carbonization device and secondary condenser improve the recovery rate of light oil and heavy oil and convert them into oil. It will also improve the quality of light oil and heavy oil. The primary condenser and secondary condenser that liquefy the gas rapidly cool the temperature of the supplied gas to an average of less than 5 degrees Celsius, which prevents repolymerization of raw materials and enables the extraction of high-quality oil. .

Example Next, one embodiment of the present invention will be described.

FIG. 1 schematically shows the overall configuration of a plastic waste oil conversion apparatus 1 of the present invention, and FIGS. 2 to 4 each show a specific configuration of a part of the oil conversion apparatus 1.

First, we will explain the process of turning polyolefin plastic waste into oil. In each figure, 2 is a primary carbonization device, 3 is a primary condenser, 4 is a secondary carbonization device, and 5 is a secondary condenser.

The recovered polyolefin plastic waste (large waste material) 6 is first crushed into a large number of small pieces in a crusher 117. The crushed pieces are conveyed by a conveyor 8 and stored in a hopper 9, and further conveyed from the boiler 9 by a conveyor 10 and stored in a carbonization pot 11 of a primary carbonization device 2.
Continuously introduced. The temperature of carbonization pot 11 is approximately 500℃ with burner 12.
is heated to.

The carbonization tank 11 has a closed structure and is in an oxygen-free state with the air inside thereof being exhausted by the vacuum pump 13, and small pieces of the plus book waste 6 are carbonized and thermally decomposed to generate gas. Small pieces of plastic waste 6 are destroyed in this carbonization tank 11.

The generated gas is supplied to the primary condenser 3 via piping 14, where it is rapidly cooled to below 5°C and liquefied, resulting in primary carbonized oil (90%), combustible gas (5%), and the remainder. a! (5%)

The primary carbonized oil is stored in a low-pressure oil tank below the condenser 3, and the flammable gas is used as auxiliary fuel for the carbonized distillation device 2.

The primary carbonization oil is pumped up by a pump 15 and is supplied through a pipe 16 into the carbonization tank 17 of the secondary carbonization apparatus 4 by being injected into the top J of the carbonization vessel 17 in the form of fine particles. The carbonization tank 17 has a closed structure and is in an oxygen-free state with the air inside being exhausted by a vacuum pump 18, and is heated by using scarlet heat from the primary carbonization device 2 or by an auxiliary burner 19 as described later. It is heated to 200°C to 300°C. As a result, the liquefied oil is carbonized in the carbonization tank 17 and thermally decomposed to generate gas.

The generated gas is supplied to the secondary condenser 5 via piping 20, where it is rapidly cooled down to less than 5 UC and liquefied to become extracted oil (light oil and heavy oil), which is stored in a lower low-pressure oil tank. The extracted oil is supplied to a processing device 23 through a pipe 22 by a pump 21, and is treated with zeolite l! 24
Odor, color and paraffin are removed through the pipe 25, and the water is further supplied to a tank 26, where it is stored.

27 is a flow El meter.

Next, the specific configuration and features of the oil converting apparatus 1 will be explained.

The suction side of the vacuum pump 13 includes a pipe 30 and a receiver 3.
1. It communicates with the carbonization tank 11 via piping 32, primary condensate +J3, and piping 14. The suction side of another vacuum pump 18 is connected to the carbonization tank 17 via a pipe 33, a receiver 34, a pipe 35, a secondary condenser +J5, and a pipe 20. The discharge sides of the vacuum pumps 13 , 18 both communicate with the combustion chambers 36 and 37 of the primary carbonization device 2 .

The vacuum pumps 13 and 18 discharge the air in each carbonization tank 11.17, and feed the gas generated in each carbonization tank 11.17 to the condensers 3 and 5, and condenser 3.5.
The combustible gas in the combustion chamber 36 of the primary carbonization equipment 2 is supplied as auxiliary fuel.

As shown in Figures 2 to 4, primary and secondary carbonization equipment 2
．． 4 are arranged adjacently in parallel, and the combustion chamber 36 of the primary carbonization device 2 and the combustion chamber 37 of the secondary carbonization device ff4 communicate through a pipe 38. Therefore, the residual heat of the exhaust gas discharged from the combustion chamber 36 of the primary carbonization device W12 is used to heat the carbonization vessel 17 of the secondary carbonization device 4. In other words, the equipment! !
When the temperature is set, the automatic control motor is linked to the barb, so the temperature is often kept at a low temperature only by the residual heat of the exhaust gas, and the use of the auxiliary burner 19 is reduced. Accordingly, the fuel consumed by the auxiliary burner 19 can be saved, and the running cost of the oil conversion apparatus 1 can be kept low.

Further, as fuel for the burners 12 and 19, a part of the heavy oil obtained from the oil conversion equipment itself is used. 39 is a fuel phase pipe, 40 is a pump, 41 is a flow tank, and 42 is a service tank.

In addition, since the primary carbonization apparatus 2 also uses a proportional control type barb as described above, when the combustible gas is being burned, the amount of fuel oil can be adjusted, thereby saving energy.

43 is a stack, which is erected in the middle of the pipe 38. The combustion chamber 37 and the stack 43 are connected by a pair of branched pipes 44 and 45. The piping 44 has the installation number 17) Jul fan 46. As shown in FIG. 3, a valve 47 is installed between the upright part of the stack 43 of the pipe 38 and the combustion chamber 37 (secondary carbonization device 4), and the valve 47 is located below the part of the stack 43 that communicates with the pipe 45. In position, valve 4
8 is further provided with a valve 49 in the pipe 45. valve 47
11, and both valves 48 and 49 are closed.

Since the primary capacitor 3 and the secondary capacitor 5 have the same cooling temperature as described above, they are placed closely together as shown in FIGS. 2 and 4, and are integrally water-cooled. 5
0 is a chiller, and 51 is a cooling water tank, which are commonly used for each condenser +13 and 5, respectively. For this reason, set up! inn
It can be made inexpensive and the running cost can also be reduced. 52 is a pump that continuously supplies cooling water to the condenser 3.5.

Firstly, the chiller 50 cools the water to about 2aC, and secondly, by making the piping group through which the cooling water in the condenser 3.5 is made of copper, the condenser 3.5
On average, the gas supplied within the condenser 3.5
It is rapidly cooled to below degrees Celsius. In this case, "on average" means that the temperature inside the condenser is about 2 degrees Celsius at the surface of the piping through which cooling water flows, and the temperature is distributed so that it increases as the distance from the surface of the piping increases. This is because the degree to which the gas supplied to the pipe is cooled also differs depending on whether the gas touches the piping or not. In the primary condenser 3, the gas supplied from the carbonization vessel 11 is cooled as described above and separated into oil, moisture, and gas. In the secondary condenser 5, the gas supplied from the carbonization vessel 17 is cooled as described above, so that repolymerization of the raw material is effectively avoided and high-quality oil is extracted.

In addition, as shown in Figures 1 and 3, the primary carbonization equipment'! '
, l2, the top of the carbonization vessel 11 is connected to dampers 60, 61 and 6.
'2 multi-stage damper 838! It becomes.

By opening the dampers 60 and 61 and the dampers 61 and 62 at the same angle, the inside of the carbonization pot 11 was kept airtight.)
, small pieces of plastic waste are deposited in carbonization kettle 11 ii1
Continuously introduced.

Further, as shown in FIGS. 1 to 5, a screw conveyor 63 and a rotary valve 6 are provided at the bottom of the drying pot 11.
4 is the installation number. Since the plastic waste contains various impurities, the residue accumulates at the bottom of the carbonization vessel 11. This residue is scraped out by a screw conveyor 63, passed through a rotary valve 64, and dumped to the outside. The residue was kept airtight mainly by a rotary valve 64) and continuously discharged by a screw conveyor 63. The opened residual oil is transported by the competition 1765.66, stored in a hopper 67, loaded onto a truck 68, and transported to a processing plant.

In this way, in the primary carbonization device 2, carbonization: Mll
With the airtightness maintained, small pieces of plastic waste are collected at a constant rate of ff13! I! Since the oil is continuously added and the residue is continuously scraped out, it is possible to operate for a long time, making the oil conversion cycle highly efficient.

5 to 7 do not show the carbonization vessel 11 of the primary carbonization apparatus 2, respectively. The carbonization boiler 11 has a structure in which a substantially square-shaped center chamber 71 is provided in the interior center of a substantially square column-shaped pot main body 70, and a number of smoke tubes 72 are provided at the lower part.

The center chamber 71 is supported by the pot body 70 by a plurality of vibrators 73, and the inside of the center chamber 71 communicates with the combustion chamber 36 through the vibrators 73.

The smoke tube 72 crosses the lower part of the pot body 70 at an angle α (20 to 30 degrees), and both ends thereof are opened into the combustion chamber 36 as shown in FIG. 8 in particular. The smoke tubes 72 have a diamond-shaped cross section and are arranged in two horizontal rows in a staggered manner, as shown in FIGS. 8 and 9.

The hot air generated by the burner 12 heats the cauldron body 70 from the outside, passes through the vibrator 72 and the center chamber 71, heats the vibrator 72 and the center chamber 71 from the inside, and passes through the smoke tube 72 to heat it internally. Heat from Therefore, many small pieces of plastic waste put into the carbonization tank 11 are heated from the outside and inside, and are efficiently thermally decomposed and gasified quickly. This enables highly efficient recovery of extracted oil.

In addition, since the smoke tube 72 is inclined as described above, the inside of the hot air can pass smoothly, that is, heat convection is improved, and the smoke tube 72 is efficiently heated. Moreover, the smoke tubes 72 are arranged in a staggered manner,
Since the H-shaped corner faces upward, the melted plus book waste does not accumulate on the upper surface of the smoke duplex 72, but slowly passes through the smoke tube rows as if licking this surface. During this passage, the molten plastic waste is efficiently heated and pyrolyzed.

Furthermore, since the pot body 70 has a rectangular prism shape, the volume is larger compared to a case where the pot body 70 is made into a cylindrical shape.
of plastic waste can be processed.

In addition, since the pot body 70 has a square prism shape, as shown in FIG.
As such, the length of the smoke duplexes 72 disposed on both sides can be increased, thereby increasing the total length of the smoke tube 72 and improving the thermal decomposition efficiency.

74 is man ball, 75 is scraping out residual oil and t? (This is sweeping.

Figures 10 and 11 show the carbonization tank 17 of the secondary carbonization equipment 4.
Show. The carbonization vessel 17 is composed of a cylindrical vessel main body 80 and a plurality of smoke tubes 81 arranged on the inner circumferential surface of the vessel in parallel Iυ in the circumferential direction. Each smoke tube 81 extends in the vertical direction, and its upper and lower ends communicate with the outside of the carbonization vessel 17. The hot air passes through the smoke duplex 81,
The pot body 70 is heated from the outside, and the smoke duplex 81 is heated from the inside.

The primary carbonization oil is heated to 80℃ using the waste heat of the primary carbonization unit 2.
After being heated to the above temperature, it is injected in the form of fine particles from the three solid nozzles 82, and is struck on the surface of the smoke tube 81 and the inner surface of the pot body 80, where it is instantaneously gasified. Therefore, the gasification of the primary carbonized oil is performed efficiently.

83 is a residue drawing and cleaning port.

In addition, as shown in FIGS. 2 to 4, the primary carbonization equipment 42
The secondary carbonization M straight 4 are arranged side by side and close to each other, and the primary capacitor 3 and the secondary condenser IJ5 are integrated in parallel and are distributed close to the carbonization device 2.4. Therefore, the installation space for the oil converting equipment 1 is relatively small.

Effects of the Invention As mentioned above, according to the plastic waste oil conversion system of the present invention, a part of the carbonized oil obtained by liquefying the gas generated by carbonizing the waste is carbonized again to generate gas. Since it is configured to liquefy gas to extract oil, it is possible to dispose of Plus Deck waste by pyrolyzing and destroying it, and it is also possible to efficiently recover light oil and heavy oil, which are raw materials for plastics. Moreover, since the gas generated by carbonization is rapidly cooled down to an average of less than 5 degrees Celsius in both the condenser and the secondary condenser, it is possible to liquefy it faster than it polymerizes. It has the advantage of being able to produce high-quality extracted oil.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Figure 1 shows the plastic ffl according to the present invention! A diagram schematically showing the overall configuration of an embodiment of the waste oil conversion apparatus, FIGS. 2 to 4 are plan views showing the specific configuration of a part of the oil conversion apparatus shown in FIG. The front view, the side view, and FIGS. 5 and 6 are a longitudinal cross-sectional view and a plan view, respectively, of the carbonization vessel of the primary drying ffl apparatus;
Figure 7 shows the smoke tube group VI-Vl in Figure 5.
Figure 8 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line, showing the arrangement of smoke tubes.
The figure shows the cross-sectional shape of the smoke tube at IX in Figure 5.
- An enlarged cross-sectional view taken along the line IX, Figure 10 shows the secondary carbonization V
I sectional view of Xif's carbonization kettle, Figure 11 is XI in Figure 10
- It is a Mllyi plane view along the XI line. 1... Plastic waste oil conversion equipment, 2... Primary carbonization V4 cod, 3... Primary capacitor, 4... Secondary carbonization equipment, 5... Secondary capacitor, 6... Polyolefin System plus book waste, 11.17...carbonization kettle,
36゜37... Combustion chamber, 50... Chiller, 51...
・Cold 7Jl water tank, 70.80...Kettle body, 71...
Central chamber, 72.81...Smoke tube. Patent applicant: Pollution Control Equipment Co., Ltd. Kikuchi - Masaru 14 Figure @ Figure 5 Figure 6, 1 Figure 7 Figure 8 Figure 11 r @ Figure 10

Claims (1)

[Claims] A primary carbonization means that thermally decomposes crushed and input plastic waste in an oxygen-free state to generate gas, and rapidly cools the gas from the primary carbonization means to an average of less than 5 degrees C to liquefy it. a primary condenser, which is supplied with primary carbonized oil from the primary condenser and thermally decomposes it to generate gas; An apparatus for converting plastic waste into oil, characterized by comprising a secondary condenser that rapidly cools and liquefies it to obtain extracted oil.