JPS6218327Y2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] This invention relates to a device for automatically replacing the chuck pawl of a machine tool.

When the machining shape of a workpiece changes with a machine tool, the chuck jaws are changed depending on the shape in order to maintain the machining accuracy. Conventionally, the chuck jaws have to be reprocessed or manually replaced with other jaws. I have been dealing with it. However, the work efficiency was extremely low, and there was a request for automation to make it compatible with other surrounding automated equipment. Furthermore, although an automated claw changing device was disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 16978/1983, it had the disadvantage that the time required for changing the claws was too long due to the action of the displacement mechanism for changing the claws.

The present invention was developed in view of the above circumstances, and the object thereof is to provide an automatic chuck pawl changing device for a machine tool that operates with a simple mechanism.

To explain the present invention, the present invention includes a claw holder 21 that holds the claw 2, a magazine 3 that stores a replacement claw 2', and a claw that moves back and forth between the claw holder 21 and the magazine to replace the claw. An insertion/removal member 5 is provided.

The pawl holder 21 itself is fixedly attached to the chuck 1, and holds the pawl 2 in a state in which the pawl 2 can be inserted into and removed from the chuck 1 in the radial direction. In order to ensure the above-mentioned claw retention, the above-mentioned holder 21 is provided with the claw 2 when holding the claw after inserting the claw.
It is desirable to provide a locking mechanism 23 that locks the nail and releases the lock when replacing the nail.

A plurality of replacement pawls 2' are provided on the outside of the chuck 1.
A magazine 3 containing the above-mentioned chuck claws 2' is arranged so that the above-mentioned replacement claws 2' can be sequentially positioned on the extension line of the above-mentioned chuck claws 2 in the insertion/removal direction in preparation for the claw replacement. It is possible to rotate. Further, it is desirable that the magazine 3 is provided with a reciprocating means 31 so that it can be retreated to a position where it does not interfere with the machining of the workpiece after the completion of the jaw replacement work.

Further, in the vicinity of the magazine 3, a pawl insertion/removal member 5 having an engaging portion 51 that engages with the pawl 2 is provided. The claw insertion/removal member 5 is connected to the claw holder 21 of the chuck.
After pulling up the claw 2 and storing it in the magazine 3,
The magazine pushes out the replacement pawl 2' from the index magazine 3 and inserts it into the pawl holder 21 of the chuck to exchange the pawl, and has an engaging portion 51 that engages with the pawl 2, and the magazine 3 It is connected to a reciprocating drive unit 55 for reciprocating between the replacement nail storage position of the nail holder 21 and the nail insertion position of the nail holder 21.

Next, the embodiment shown in the drawings will be described. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the claw holder 21 is attached to the chuck 1.
The chuck 1 is inserted from the outer periphery toward the center and fixed to the chuck 1 by a pin 24. The claw 2 is the claw holder 2
1, but the claw 2 has an engaging piece 22 separated from the portion that engages with the claw holder 21, so that it is adapted to be engaged with various claws. After positioning with a key 25, the two are connected with a screw 26 and are integrated. The engaging piece 22, together with the integrated claw 2, has a guide groove 222 in the direction of insertion into and removal from the chuck 1, and is shaped to slide up and down on a protrusion that guides this on the chuck 1 (not shown). There is. Further, the engagement piece 22 has an engagement hook 221 on its upper surface that engages with a hook groove 53 of an engagement portion 51 of the insertion/removal member 5, which will be described later. After the pawl is inserted, the engaging piece 22 that fixes the pawl 2 is locked to the pawl holder 21 by a locking mechanism. Groove 2
A latch piece 231 that is hooked to 23;
A cam 2 that is integrated with the cam 2 and presses the top surface of the claw holder 21
33. The locking piece 231 is always pressed from behind within a hole provided in the claw holder 21 by a spring 232 so as to be locked in the locking groove 223 of the engagement piece 22. The above hanging piece 23
1, the cam 233 is integrally fixed with the protrusion 234.
As the chuck rotates, it engages with a cam groove 52 of an engaging portion 51 of an insertion/removal member, which will be described later.

The magazine 3 has a cylindrical shape and has a plurality of replacement pawl storage grooves 32 on its outer periphery, and the magazine 3 is rotated by a certain angle to sequentially position the replacement pawls on an extension line of the chuck in the insertion/removal direction of the pawls 2. . Of course, the magazine may not be cylindrical but may be linear and move linearly to achieve the above function. The magazine 3 is designed to prevent chips and coolant from scattering.
The magazine 3 is connected to a cylinder 31 as a reciprocating means so that the magazine 3 can be moved back after the pawl replacement is completed.
Above the magazine 3, on the above-mentioned extension of the pawl insertion/extraction line, a pawl insertion/extraction member 5 that reciprocates on this line is disposed. It is provided with a hook groove 53 that engages with the engaging hook 221 when the chuck 1 is rotated after descending to the position of
34, the cam 2 resists the force of the spring 232.
33 and the locking piece 231 integrated therewith are provided with a cam groove 52 having a shape that allows the locking piece 231 to be moved backward. The member 5 is connected to a cylinder 55 serving as a reciprocating drive unit for reciprocating as described above.

Incidentally, the engaging piece 22 and the locking piece 231 are formed with slopes 224 and 235 at the corners, respectively, so that the locking piece 231 is pushed back against the spring 232 when the nail is inserted.

Next, the operation of the present invention having the above structure will be explained with reference to the process diagram of FIG. 6.

First, the claw insertion/removal member 5 located above as shown in FIG. 6a is lowered to the circumferential position of the chuck 1 as shown in FIG. 6b. Next, when the chuck 1 is rotated, the engaging hook 221 of the engaging piece 22 gradually enters the hook groove 53 of the engaging portion 51. On the other hand, along with this, cam 23
The protrusion 234 of No. 3 also enters into the cam groove 52 of the engaging portion 51. As the cam enters the groove, it is moved backward and disengaged from the upper surface of the engagement piece 22, and the latch claw 231 integrated with the cam also disengages from the lock groove 223 of the engagement piece 22 and is unlocked. Ru. Under such conditions, the chuck 1 is stopped and the pawl insertion/removal member 5 is pulled upward to store the pawl 2 in the groove of the magazine 3, as shown in FIGS. Next, when the magazine 3 is rotated, the engaging portion 51 of the pawl insertion/removal member 5 disengages from the lifted pawl 2 and engages with the next replacement pawl 2' (see e in the figure). In this state, the rotation of the magazine 3 is stopped and the claw insertion/removal member 5 is lowered. Then, the replacement pawl 2' is inserted into the pawl holder 21 while the tapered surface 224 of the engaging piece 22 presses the tapered surface 235 of the locking piece 231 (FIG. 2(f)). When the insertion is complete, the engaging hook 221 and the cam 23
When the chuck 1 is rotated until the chuck 3 is disengaged from the engaging portion 51 of the claw insertion/removal member 5, the locking piece 231
32, the locking piece 231 is pushed back into the locking groove 223, and the cam reaches the upper surface of the engaging piece 22, completely locking the claw holder 21.
In this way, the replacement of one pawl 2 is completed, and then the chuck 1 is rotated and the next pawl can be replaced in the same manner (see g in the same figure).

As described above, the present invention arranges a magazine for storing replacement pawls so that the replacement pawls are sequentially positioned in the extension of the insertion/extraction line of the chuck pawls, and a pawl insertion/removal member that engages with the pawls between the magazine and the chuck. Since it has a structure in which the screws are reciprocated, the changing of the claws is completely automated by indexing and rotating the chuck and magazine, and high efficiency of work can be expected.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a perspective view showing only the inventive part of a machine tool equipped with the inventive device, Fig. 2 is a sectional view of the inventive device, and Fig. 3 is a perspective view of the engaging portion of the pawl insertion/removal member.
FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing the engagement state of the claw and engagement piece with the claw holder, FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing the principle of the claw holder, and FIG. 6 is a process diagram showing the operation of replacing the claw. Figure 7 A and B show the operating status of the cam.
It is an A sectional view. 1...Chuck, 2...Claw, 21...Claw holder, 3...Magazine, 5...Claw insertion/removal member.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claim for Utility Model Registration] A magazine that is installed on a headstock and stores a plurality of pawls, and an automatic chuck pawl changing device that automatically replaces the pawls in the magazine and the pawls on the chuck, wherein chuck 1 has a diameter. A claw 2 having an engaging portion 221 that is removably inserted in the direction of the chuck and protrudes toward the outer circumferential side of the chuck.
, a claw holder 21 that is movably inserted into the chuck 1 in the radial direction to open and close the claw 2 and has a locking mechanism to lock the claw 2; an actuating member 233 having a protrusion 234 movable in the direction of the spindle axis to interlock with the lock mechanism; The magazine claw replacement position,
A claw insertion/removal member 5 that reciprocates between the claw insertion position of the claw holder 21, an engagement groove 51 at the tip of the claw insertion/removal member that engages the engagement portion 221 of the claw, and It consists of a cam groove 52 that is on the same surface as the mating groove 51 and engages with the protrusion 234 of the operating member 233, and when the pawl insertion/removal member 5 is in the chuck pawl insertion/removal position, the chuck pawl is rotated. This automatic chuck pawl changing device for a machine tool is characterized in that the pawl engages with the pawl insertion/removal member 5 and is unlocked from the pawl holder 21 only when the chuck is indexed to the insertion/detachment position.