JPS62181801A - Turning machine - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To lengthen the service life of a cutter and to improve the accuracy of a finished face, when turning a shaft formed with a key groove, a spline, etc., by setting an endface cutter off in the radial direction thereby preventing a cutting edge from falling into the key groove. CONSTITUTION:Two cutting edges 23, 23 are inclined by an angle (a) in the radial direction. Since the cutting edges 23, 23 obliquely traverse a groove C etched in a work W and perform the cutting with a portion thereof abutting continuously against the outer circumference of the work W, the edges 23, 23 never fall into the groove C. Even when the cutting edges 23, 23 are in parallel with the groove C, they are prevented from falling into the groove C because the gap D between the cutting edges 23, 23 is made larger than the width (d) of the groove. Since there is no vibration nor impact associated with the falling of the cutting edges, the service life of the cutter is lengthened and the accuracy of the finished face is improved.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to a turning device suitable for cutting a workpiece in which a keyway, spline, hole, etc. are provided on the surface of a shaft.

(Prior art) Lathes that turn the entire outer circumference of thin objects include Shintsu lathe, Natsu lathe, and N.
No matter which machine you use, such as a lathe, the cutting tool used is a fixed cutting tool with a single cutting edge.

(Problem to be solved by the invention) In machining using a conventional fixed tool, the cutting edge is placed almost parallel to the main axis, so the workpiece has a key groove parallel to the axial direction,
If splines, holes, etc. are provided, there will be no resistance applied to the cutting tool at the location where these are provided, but when the workpiece rotates and the end face of the groove comes, a large amount of resistance will suddenly occur and a collision will occur. There are problems such as movement of the workpiece, damage to the cutting edge, and chatter vibrations that result in poor finished surfaces.To prevent this, it is necessary to increase the rigidity of the machine body and cutting tool. there were.

(Means for Solving the Problems) In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention uses a multi-blade cutting tool, rotates the tool fully, and offsets the blades with respect to the workpiece. The tool rotation axis is set on a line perpendicular to the main axis of the lathe, and set at 25° to the radial direction.
The present invention is characterized in that an end face cutting tool having a plurality of offset end face blades is attached to the tool rotating shaft, and the end face cutters are sent to the circumferential surface of a workpiece rotating on the main line 4111.

(Function) Since the two cutting edges +23 and In have an inclination of angle α with respect to the radial direction, when cutting the groove C carved in the workpiece W by 1 yellow, as shown in Figs. 4 and 5, , cuts diagonally across the groove C, and part of the blade is always in contact with the outer peripheral surface of the workpiece W for cutting, so the cutting edge never falls into the groove C.
Even if the cutting edge is parallel to the groove C as shown in Fig. 5, by making the distance D'z between both cutting edges @, - wider than the width d of the groove C, it is possible to avoid falling into the groove. The rate of change in cutting resistance applied to the blade is small, and no impact, vibration, etc. occur.

(Example) Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 show an example in which the present invention is applied to a lathe, and the lathe (1) has a work head (2), a chuck (
3), tail stock (4), fixed center (5), tail stock cylinder (6), tail stock moving handle (7), and Z for moving and driving tools
Axis slide base (8), Z-axis feed motor! 9), X-axis slide base ac), x@slide table group,
Axial feed motor, silkworm rack polling unit;:'7.
Tool rotation +i] 41 (1, 4), DC servo motor 05
Equipped with 1st prize.

The end face cutting tool, that is, the cutting tool (A) attached to the tool rotation axis α→ has a shank 121), a tip 1 string, (4
), and the end edge of the chip (goods), that is, the cutting edge groove, is
As shown in FIG. 3(a), it has an inclination of an angle α with respect to a line R indicating the radial direction of the shank Q1), and the angle α is 2
If the angle is 5° or more, the receiver 1ffl (241) of the shank 21)
Fixed. For turning, workpiece W and bite (4)
are each driven in the direction of the arrow shown in the figure.

Since the two cutting edges have an angle α in the radial direction, cutting starts from point (a) shown in Figs. 5 and 6 and ends at the four points, but this inclination Therefore, when crossing the groove C carved in the workpiece W, as shown in FIGS. Because cutting is performed, the cutting edge 1β does not fall into the groove C, and the cutting edge (C) does not fall into the groove C as shown in Figure 5.
but? Even if it is parallel to sC, the distance Dfe between the two cutting blades and the blade
By making the width larger than the width d of groove 0, it is possible to avoid falling into the groove, and the rate of change in the cutting force applied to the blade is small.
No shock or vibration occurs.

(Effects of the Invention) In the present invention, the end face blade is offset in the radial direction, so when turning a shaft with a keyway, spline, etc. formed, the cutting edge does not fall into the keyway, etc. Because there is no shock, chatter, etc. will not occur. Even if a hole is formed on the workpiece surface into which one of the end cutting edges falls,
Since there are a plurality of end face blades, other end face blades are in contact with the workpiece surface to prevent the workpiece from falling.

Therefore, vibrations, shocks, etc. do not occur.

Therefore, the life of the cutting tool is long, the He of the finished surface of the workpiece is good, and since it is a multi-blade milling machine, the chips are fine, the finished surface is smooth, and the processing of chips is easy. It is also suitable for cutting steel materials.

In addition, since there are fewer shocks, there are fewer problems with the machine itself, making the device more compact, and j%'J? , there is no need to work while paying attention to chatter, etc.
Work can be performed with high reliability even in automatic machines such as O-control.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a plan view of an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a slope view, FIG. 3 is an end view and side view of a cutting tool used in the device of the present invention, and FIG. 4 is a slope view showing the cutting state. FIGS. 5 and 6 are explanatory diagrams showing the relationship between the workpiece and the cutting blade. (2)...Tool rotation axis, (1)...Edge cutting tool, wire...2 people outside the edge blade.

Claims (1)

[Claims] A tool rotation axis is provided on a line perpendicular to the main axis of the lathe, and an end face cutting tool having a plurality of end face blades offset by 25 degrees or more with respect to the radial direction is attached to the tool rotation axis. A turning processing device characterized in that the end face blade is sent to a peripheral surface.