JPS621782A - Continuous coal carbonization apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain coal gas and coke continuously, by carbonizing coal supplied to a carbonization tube, collecting the generated gas through an ascension pipe and dropping the coke into a coke receptor filled with water. CONSTITUTION:Coal is charged continuously through the coal hopper 13 to the top of the carbonization tube 12. The charged coal is carbonized in the heating chamber 1 in the course of descending through the carbonization tube 12. The generated gas is transferred through the ascension pipe 14 connected to the top of the carbonization tube 12 and sent through the collection tube to the utilizing side. The coke is dropped in a receptor box filled with water and delivered by a conveyor. The water in the receptor box is heated by the quenching of coke and the heat of the water is recovered by a heat-recovery line.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION - Industrial Application Field The present invention relates to a continuous coal carbonization apparatus that continuously carbonizes coal to obtain coal gas and coke.

・Prior art and its problems A so-called batch type coke oven as shown in FIG. 4 is well known as a typical example of carbonizing coal to obtain coal gas and coke.

However, in this batch type furnace, the structure is made of bricks and everything is open, so it takes a lot of money and time to construct or repair the furnace.

■ Once it is in operation, it is extremely difficult to stop a part of it for repairs.

■ There are many gas leaks during operation, and the equipment requires extensive pollution control measures.

■ Large machines are required for coal loading, coal loading, coke extinguishing, etc.

■ Since it is necessary to load coal and discharge coke every time, continuous operation is not possible and efficiency is poor.

■ Heat recovery efficiency is very poor.

There are drawbacks such as.

On the other hand, a continuous vertical furnace has fewer disadvantages of the batch type.
l re-tart) is well known.

However, in the case of this vertical furnace, ■ Construction costs are high.

l■ Depending on the coking coal, the contents may hang inside the retort, and constant attention must be paid to the size and composition of the coal.

■　Because the main material of the furnace body structure is firebrick.

Continuous coke falling causes a large amount of wear on the refractory material (retort), and there are also problems in terms of strength.

■ The yield of coke is low due to the water gas reaction caused by steaming.

There are drawbacks such as.

- Purpose of the present invention The present invention has been proposed in view of the above points, and its first purpose is to obtain a coal carbonization device that does not cause gas leakage and is easy to take measures against pollution. A second object is to obtain a coal carbonization apparatus that can be partially repaired without stopping its operation. A third purpose is to prevent wear of the carbonization tube corresponding to the continuous retort and improve its durability. Furthermore, the fourth objective is to dramatically improve heat recovery efficiency.

・Configuration of the present invention The present invention is a technical means to achieve the above object.

We propose the following coal carbonization equipment.

First of all, the structure consists of a heating chamber in which a flue is formed at the bottom, a gas burner for heating is attached to the top, the inside of the furnace is divided into multiple blocks, and a furnace passes through the heating chamber from the top wall of the heating chamber. Further, a large number of carbonization tubes are arranged so as to pass through a flue formed at the bottom of the heating chamber and exposed at the bottom of the furnace, and are rotatable in the circumferential direction, and a plurality of carbonization tubes are connected to the top ends of the carbonization tubes. a hopper for coal feeding; a riser pipe connected to the carbonization tube for taking out generated gas from the top of the carbonization tube;
A coke receiving box is located in the lower part of the furnace and below the carbonization tube and receives coke discharged from the carbonization tube; an exhaust line that collects exhaust gas from the flue and leads it out of the furnace; and an exhaust line along the way. an air line that intersects with the heat of the exhaust gas in the flue and is piped to use the air heated by exchanging heat through the heat exchanger as combustion air for the gas burner; and the coke receiving box. This is a continuous type coal carbonization equipment consisting of a heat recovery line that is piped through the inside of the tank and a heat medium is supplied from one side.

When the above configuration is adopted, coal is continuously fed into the carbonization tube from above via the coal hopper, and as the fed coal descends in the carbonization tube, it receives high heat from its surroundings in the heating chamber. The generated gas is sent from the riser pipe connected to the top of the carbonization tube to the consumption side via the collection pipe, and the coke descends through the carbonization tube and falls into a coke receiving box filled with water. Once a certain amount has accumulated, it is sent out on a conveyor.

In this coke receiving box, the heat of the water whose temperature has risen due to extinguishing the coke is recovered through a heat recovery line. In addition, the air required for combustion in the gas burner to maintain a high temperature inside the heating chamber is preheated by the exhaust gas collected in the flue.

Efforts are being made to improve combustibility.

If the operation continues as described above and one side wear (uneven wear) occurs in the carbonization tube, the carbonization tube is rotated in the circumferential direction to ensure uniform wear. In addition, if this carbonization tube is worn out or suffers heat damage, stop operation of only the block to which the problem carbonization tube belongs, use a crane, etc. to pull the carbonization tube above the furnace, and then remove the carbonization tube from the furnace. The blocks will be repaired while operations continue.

・Embodiment FIG. 1 shows one embodiment of the above-mentioned present invention, and this will be explained in detail based on the symbols. 1 block 2
, a heating chamber divided into a second block 3.

6 is a gas burner installed from the furnace top wall of heating chamber l toward the room; 7 is a gas supply line; 8 is gas burner 6
This is an air line for sending air for combustion to.

Reference numeral 9 denotes a flue formed at the bottom of the heating chamber 1, and the exhaust gas that is combusted by the gas burner 6 and warms the inside of the heating chamber 1 is sent from the exhaust line 10 to the chimney through the flue 9.

11 is a heat exchanger provided at the intersection of the exhaust line 10 and the air line 8, and the air flowing through the air line 8 is
The heat exchanger 11 preheats the exhaust gas before reaching the gas burner 6.

12 penetrates inside the heating chamber l from the furnace top wall of the heating chamber l,
A carbonization tube that passes through the flue and reaches the bottom of the heating chamber l,
This carbonization tube 12' is made of a heat-resistant alloy and has a circular cross section, and as shown in FIG.
The top part 12' of the tube can be rotated circumferentially.
A hopper 13 for coal feeding is detachably connected thereto. Also, it is slightly sloped to prevent coal and coke from hanging. Also, a vibrator can be attached to the top of the tube. 14 is an ascending pipe connected to the top 12 of the carbonization tube 12, and 15 is an air collecting pipe.

Note that the cross-sectional shape of the carbonization tube 12 may be polygonal.

16 is a coke receiving box 17 disposed in the lower part of the heating chamber l below where the lower end 12 of the carbonization tube 12 is exposed;
A heat recovery line is piped inside the coke receiving box 16, and a heat medium such as water is passed through the heat recovery line 17.

The carbonization apparatus according to the embodiment has the above-described configuration, and the inside of the heating chamber 1 is maintained at a high temperature by the gas burner 6, and the carbonization tube 12 is heated from its outer periphery.

The coal charged into the carbonization tube 12 from the coal hopper 13 is heated in the carbonization tube 12 to generate gas, which rises in the carbonization tube 12 and is collected from the riser tube 14 into the air collection tube 15 for consumption. Sent to the side.

On the other hand, the coke descends in the carbonization tube 12, falls into the coke receiving box 16 from the lower end 12'', is extinguished by water, and is cooled by imparting heat to the heating medium in the heat recovery line 17. The fallen coke is sent out by a conveyor. In this way, coal is continuously charged into the carbonization tube from the coal hopper 13, and is carbonized to generate gas and turn into coke. In addition, the waste gas is mixed into the combustion air by the waste gas amount control valve 18 to achieve low NOx combustion (waste gas recirculation combustion).

・Effects of the present invention By virtue of the present invention having the above-described structure and operation, the following effects can be expected.

a. Coal is charged into the carbonization tube, gas is recovered from the top of the carbonization tube, and coke is recovered from the bottom of the carbonization tube, so there is no risk of gas leaking out of the furnace. As a result,
Easy to take measures against pollution.

b. Since the heating chamber is divided into multiple blocks, in the event of wear or thermal damage to the carbonization tube, only the block to which this heating tube belongs can be shut down and repaired.

As a result, the reduction in operating rate is kept to a minimum.

Since the C0 carbonization tube is rotatable in the circumferential direction, when one side wear (uneven wear) occurs due to the inclination of the carbonization tube, it is possible to rotate the carbonization tube by a certain angle to achieve uniform wear. As a result, the durability of the carbonization tube is improved.

d. A heat recovery line is installed inside the coke receiving box to recover heat, improving heat recovery efficiency.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a coal carbonization apparatus according to the present invention. Figure t52 is a plan view, Figure 3 is an explanatory diagram of the support part of the carbonization tube,
FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of a batch type coke oven. l... Heating chamber, 6... Gas burner, 7... Gas line, 8... Group/air line. 9... Flue, 12... Carbonization tube, ■
3...Coal hopper, 14...Raising pipe, 16...
Coke receiver, 17...Heat recovery line. 18... Waste gas amount control valve. Patent applicant Tokyo Gas Co., Ltd. Figure 1 2b12

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A heating chamber having a flue formed at the bottom, a gas burner for heating attached to the top, and the inside of the furnace divided into a plurality of blocks; a large number of carbonization tubes that are arranged so as to penetrate through the flue formed at the bottom of the heating chamber and be exposed at the bottom of the furnace, and are rotatable in the circumferential direction; a hopper for coal feeding connected to the carbonization tube; a rising pipe connected to the carbonization tube for taking out generated gas from the top of the carbonization tube; A coke receiving box that receives coke discharged from the pipe, and an exhaust line that collects exhaust gas from the flue and leads it out of the furnace. an air line that is piped to use air warmed by heat exchange with the gas burner as combustion air for the gas burner; and an air line that is piped through the coke receiving box and is supplied with a heating medium from one side. Continuous coal carbonization equipment consisting of a heat recovery line and. 2. The continuous coal carbonization apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the carbonization tube is supported at the top and inserted into the heating chamber so that it can be taken out upward. 3. The continuous coal carbonization apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the carbonization tube is slightly inclined.