JPS62177376A - Selector valve device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To control flow of a bypass passage without any influence on flow of a main passage by disposing a plurality of magnetic pole generating portions, the polarity of which can be converted, in the periphery of a rotary valve element with a permanent magnet. CONSTITUTION:The first magnetic pole generating portion 22 and the second magnetic pole generating portion 23, the polarity of which can be converted are disposed in the periphery of a disc rotary valve element 18 provided with a permanent magnet 19, so that the rotary valve element 18 can take an arbitrary position. Two communicating holes 25, 27 for communicating two connecting pipes among the first to fourth connecting pipes C, D, E, S, and a bypass through hole 29 for communicating a bypass connecting pipe 28 with the first connecting pipe D are formed on the rotary valve element 18. In this arrangement, a main passage and bypass passage can be switched parallel by setting the position relationship between the communicating holes 25, 27 and the bypass through hole 29.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Technical Field] The present invention relates to a switching valve device such as a four-way switching valve of an air conditioner, etc. used for switching the flow path of gas and fluid, and in particular to a switching valve device such as a four-way switching valve of an air conditioner, etc. The present invention relates to a switching valve device suitable for a heat pump type air conditioner.

<Prior Art> Solenoid valves that open and close by moving a valve member up and down by the excitation force of an electromagnet, and sliding valve type solenoid valves that utilize a pressure difference are well known. Conventionally, a four-way switching valve z1 used in an air conditioner basically switches the flow of refrigerant in a heat medium cycle as shown in FIG. 10. In other words, in the heating cycle, the flow is switched from the indoor heat exchanger A to the outdoor heat exchanger B', and in the cooling cycle, the flow is switched from the outdoor heat exchanger B to the indoor heat exchanger A, heating or cooling the room. do.

As shown in Fig. 10, the general structure is as shown in Fig. 10. A high pressure connection pipe is connected to one end of the circumferential surface of a sealed cylindrical valve body 1, and a high pressure connection pipe is connected to the discharge pipe of the fiiso F. A connecting pipe E connecting to the indoor heat exchanger A and a connecting pipe C connecting to the outdoor heat exchanger B are arranged on both sides of the low-pressure refrigerant connecting pipe S connected to the suction pipe of the compressor F in the center. Install in parallel. The connecting pipes S, E, and C each open into the cylindrical valve body 1, and the open ends of the three connecting pipes S, E, and C arranged in parallel are flush with each other in the longitudinal direction of the valve body. It is fixed to the valve body 1 with a seat 3.

Inside the valve body 1, there is a U-shaped sliding valve 4 that slides in the longitudinal direction on the opening surface of the valve seat 3 and selectively connects the connecting pipes S and El, and S and C. It will be decorated. Sliding valve 4
is connected to the piston bodies 5 and 6 disposed on both sides by a connecting plate 7, and forms a space R1 between the member 8 and the piston body 5 that seals the end face of the valve body 1, and an opening between the member 9 and the piston body 6. A capillary tube 10.11 is connected to each of the spaces R2 to selectively introduce high-pressure gas or low-pressure gas. A capillary tube 12 for supplying low pressure is connected to the connecting tube S, and this three-seven capillary tube 10, 11, 12 communicates with the needle pulp space R3, R4 of the small electromagnetic valve device G and the intermediate space therebetween.

The high-pressure gas discharged from the compressor F passes through the connecting pipe, passes through small holes provided in the piston bodies 5 and 6, and flows into the spaces R1 and R2. When the fill 13 of the electromagnetic valve device G is de-energized, the needle valve 14 seals the small space R4 with a spring, and the needle valves 15 on the opposite side facing each other via the pin 15A open, and the small space R3 is released. .

Therefore, the pressure in space R1 and small space R4 becomes high pressure,
Space R2 has a low pressure. This pressure difference causes the piston bodies 5, 6 to move toward the space R2.

At this time, the sliding valve 4 is also moved in the same direction by the connecting plate 7, and the flow paths of the connecting pipes E and S are communicated with each other. In this state, the circuit is in a cooling state.

When the fill 13 is energized, the needle valve 14 is activated by the excitation force.
．． 15 is moved in the opposite direction to the above, the piston bodies 5 and 6 are moved in the direction of the space R1, and the flow path of the connecting pipe C1S is communicated with the slide valve 4, so that the circuit enters a heating state. However, in this case, electricity is continuously applied during operation.

The above is the operating principle of the conventional four-way switching solenoid valve, but as shown in Figure 10, it has a very complex and elaborate structure, and has about 60 to 70 parts, making it an expensive solenoid valve. It has become.

Additionally, in general, in heat pump air conditioners that use outside air as a heat source, when the outside air temperature drops during heating, frost formation occurs on the surface of outdoor heat exchanger B, and the amount of ventilation decreases due to the insulating effect of the frost and increased ventilation resistance. This has the disadvantage that heat absorption from the outside air is inhibited and the heating capacity rapidly decreases.

Therefore, when frost formation occurs on the outdoor heat exchanger, in order to melt the frost, the heating cycle is temporarily switched to the cooling cycle and high-temperature, high-pressure refrigerant from the compressor F is sent to the outdoor heat exchanger B. After the frost has melted, it is common to switch back to the heating cycle.

However, this leads to a drop in indoor temperature, so as an improvement, a separate solenoid valve is used to bypass the high-pressure, high-temperature refrigerant discharged from the compressor at the inlet of the outdoor heat exchanger B, which is in a frosted state. There is also a method that uses a circuit to flow refrigerant and defrost without stopping heating operation. However, this method has the disadvantage of requiring the use of expensive solenoid valves.

<Purpose> In view of the above-mentioned points, the present invention rotates a rotary valve body using the torque obtained by the principle of an electric motor, thereby switching the flow path of a fluid and without affecting the flow path. It is an object of the present invention to provide a switching valve device that is capable of opening and closing one or more bypass circuits sequentially or simultaneously in parallel with a main flow path, and can be applied to a heat pump air conditioner.

<Embodiment> Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described using a rotary set four-way switching valve device as an example. Fig. 1 is a front view of a rotary four-way switching valve device according to the present invention, Fig. 2 is a plan view thereof, Fig. 3 is a sectional view thereof, and Fig. 4 is a diagram showing a case where the switching valve device is used in an air conditioner. FIG. 5 is a diagram of the heat pump cycle, FIG. 5 is a diagram of the operating principle, and FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the state of the switching valve device during defrosting in the embodiment of the present invention.

In this switching valve device Z1, a first connecting pipe connected to the discharge pipe of the compression IF is connected to one end of a cylindrical non-magnetic valve box 16 whose interior is sealed, and a first connecting pipe connected to the suction pipe of the compressor F is connected to the other end. A fourth connecting pipe S to be connected, a third connecting pipe E to be connected to the indoor heat exchanger A, and a second connecting pipe C to be connected to the indoor heat exchanger B are arranged in parallel.

The valve box 16 has a cylindrical internal shape (or simply a cylindrical shape) having a protrusion 17 . Connecting pipe, S.

E and C all open into the valve box 16, and the open ends of the second to fourth connecting pipes S, E, and C arranged in parallel are opened on the same plane that is perpendicular to the circular cross section of the valve box 16. The connecting pipe is opened on the opposite side.

A rotary valve element 18 is disposed within the valve box 16 so as to be in smooth contact with the open ends of the connecting pipes S, E, and C, inscribed in the cylindrical space R5, and rotating in the circumferential direction.

This rotary valve 181 is equipped with one or more permanent magnets 19.
1 has been done.

An electromagnet 24 having a first magnetic pole generating section 22 and a second magnetic pole generating section 23 whose polarity can be changed is disposed outside the valve box 16. The first magnetic pole generating section 22 and the second magnetic pole generating section 23 are arranged at an angle obtuse to the rotating angle of the permanent magnet 19 and at a position where the effect on the permanent magnet 19 is not lost. That is, when rotating the rotary valve 18 by an arbitrary angle a,
The magnetic pole generators 22 and 23 are arranged so that α and β are arranged, and the magnetic pole generator 23 is a magnetic pole that is attracted to the permanent magnet 19, so that the permanent magnet 19 is held at the α and β positions. The stopper 17 allows the rotary valve element 18 to maintain its correct position with respect to the connecting pipe after being rotated by the torque generated by repulsion and attraction.

As shown in FIG. 5, the first connecting pipe, the second connecting pipe C1, the third connecting pipe E, and the fourth connecting pipe S are at equal angles (90 degrees Celsius) from the center of the rotary valve element 18 and at the same angles as shown in FIG. The first connecting pipe and the fourth connecting pipe S, and the second connecting pipe C and the third connecting pipe E are arranged at symmetrical positions with respect to the center of the rotary valve element 18, respectively.

The rotary valve element 18 has the permanent magnet 19 connected to the fourth connecting pipe S and the third connecting pipe E at the first attraction position (cooling posture X) with the first magnetic pole generating section 22 of the permanent magnet 19. An arcuate and concave first communication hole 25 that communicates the fourth connecting pipe S and the second connecting pipe C at the second suction position (heating position Y) with the second magnetic pole generating part 23, and the first suction A main connecting the second connecting pipe C and the first connecting pipe E at the position (cooling attitude An arcuate and concave second communication hole 27 with a through hole 26
is formed.

The first magnetic pole generating section 22 is arranged on an extension of a straight line connecting the center of the third connecting pipe E and the fourth connecting pipe S and the center of the rotary valve element 18, and the second magnetic pole generating section 23 is It is arranged on an extension of a straight line connecting the center of the first connecting pipe and the third connecting pipe E and the center of the rotary valve element 18.

The permanent magnet 19 is disposed on the outer periphery of the rotary valve element 18 on the third connecting pipe E side of the second communication hole 27, and the outer side thereof is set to the north pole.

Further, a bypass connecting pipe 28 communicating with the expansion valve B1 side of the outdoor heat exchanger B is connected to the other side of the valve box 16. This bypass connecting pipe 28 is arranged closer to the center of the valve box 16 than the second connecting pipe C1, the third connecting pipe E, and the fourth connecting pipe S.

Further, a bypass through hole 29 is formed in the rotary valve element 18 at a position closer to the center of the rotary valve element 18 than the second communication hole 27 is. The bypass through hole 29 and the bypass connecting pipe 28 are set to communicate with each other at an intermediate position between the first magnetic pole generating section 22 and the second magnetic pole generating section 23 of the permanent magnet 19.

Also, the first adhesion position of the permanent magnet 19 with the first magnetic pole generation part 22 , the second adhesion position with the second magnetic pole generation part 23 , and the intermediate position between the first magnetic pole generation part 22 and the second magnetic pole generation part 23 . in,
Rotation stopping means 30 for stopping the rotary valve element 18 is provided. This rotation stopping means 30 is the first magnetic pole generating section 22
and a control device 31 that controls energization of the second magnetic pole generation section 23
It is composed of At an intermediate position between the cooling position X and the heating position Y of the rotary valve 18, the shapes of the first and second communication holes 25, 27 are set so as to maintain the heating cycle as shown in FIG.

In the above configuration, the high pressure discharged from the compressor F passes through the first connecting pipe, flows into the cylindrical space R5 of the valve box 16, and passes through the main through hole 26 of the rotary valve 18 to the outdoor heat converter B.
(condenser), capillary tube B1, indoor heat exchanger A (evaporator)
, passes from the third connecting pipe E into the valve box 16, and passes through the first communication hole 25.
The high pressure gas from the first connecting pipe causes the rotary valve 18 to connect to the open ends of the parallel connecting pipes S, E, and C. The surfaces are pressed against each other. This state is the cooling cycle, and the valve box 1
The arrangement within 6 is as shown in FIG. 4(a).

Note that the magnetic pole generating portions 22 and 23 of the electromagnet 24 are simply attracted to the magnetic body in a non-energized state. Furthermore, it goes without saying that a minute current or the like may be applied.

Next, to switch to the heating cycle, the non-energized electromagnet 24 shown in FIG. The portion 23 serves as the same polarity as the permanent magnet 19 to repel it. Then, the rotary valve element 18 rotates counterclockwise.

Further, if the first magnetic pole generating section 22 is also of a different polarity from the permanent magnet 19, the permanent magnet 19 is attracted to the first magnetic pole generating section 22 side and rotates, as shown in (,) (b) in Fig. 5. symbol S, E
, C indicates the open end of the connecting pipe.

In this heating state, the high pressure gas discharged from the compressor F flows from the first connecting pipe to the space R5, from the main through hole 26 to the third connecting pipe E.
→ Indoor heat exchanger A (i-condenser) → Capillary → Outdoor heat converter B (evaporator) → Connecting pipe C, passing through the first communication hole 25 in the valve box 16, and passing through the fourth connecting pipe It flows into S and is sucked into compressor F.

However, in both the cooling and heating conditions described above, the bypass connecting pipe 2, which has an open end on the same plane as the connecting pipes S, E, and C,
8 and the bypass through hole 29 which is provided secondarily in the rotary valve element 18 do not coincide with each other and are open.

Apart from the basic operations described above, as shown in FIG. 6, there is a first magnetic pole generating section 22 and a second magnetic pole generating section facing the permanent magnet 19 (or the valve body made of a permanent magnet) attached to the rotary valve 18. By setting the polarity of the magnetic pole at position 23 (that is, the angle β position) to a polarity that repels the polarity of the permanent magnet 19, the rotary valve 1
8 is held at an intermediate position of the rotation angle α. At this time, the bypass through hole 29 provided secondarily in the rotary valve element 18 and the open end of the bypass connecting pipe 28 match and communicate with each other.

In addition, even in this state, the first communication hole 25 and the second communication hole 27 with the main through hole 26 of the rotary valve element 18 have a shape that maintains the flow path normally even at the intermediate position of the rotation angle α, so that the heating is maintained.・
The structure is such that a portion of the high-pressure, high-temperature discharged gas flows into the heat exchanger through the bypass connection pipe 28 without any problem in cooling operation.

For example, when frost formation occurs on outdoor heat exchanger B due to a drop in outside air temperature during heating operation, according to the refrigeration cycle diagram (heating cycle) shown in Figure 7, bypass connection is established while heating operation is continued. High-temperature, high-pressure gas is introduced from the pipe 28 through the inlet of the frosted outdoor heat exchanger B (evaporator).

This will defrost the heat and pressure, restore the equipment to its pre-frost heating capacity, minimize changes in indoor temperature, and increase comfort. Further, according to the present invention, an expensive electromagnetic valve or the like for the pond is unnecessary, so that it can be provided at a low cost. Note that if the present invention is adopted just before frost formation, the frost formation will be delayed.

FIG. 8 shows a heat transfer cycle showing an embodiment of the pond of the present invention. This is because the discharged gas is bypassed to the suction side without changing the compression 11F, and the heat medium does not exchange heat, resulting in a decrease in performance.

Therefore, it has a capacity variable function.

If the present invention is further developed, as shown in FIG.
By providing the third magnetic pole generating section 33 at an arbitrary position between the second magnetic pole generating sections 22 and 23 with β>δ, δ=1/nβ, the rotation angle of the valve 18 also becomes α>γ,
By setting γ=1/nα linearly, as shown in the figure, the opening area of the bypass connecting pipe 28 can be changed, and linear flow rate control becomes possible.

This allows a linear change in capacity and accurate and appropriate control of the flow rate of refrigerant to be bypassed depending on frost conditions. Note that, of course, a plurality of bypass openings (holes) may be provided.

<Effects> As is clear from the above explanation, the present invention provides a first connecting pipe,
A valve box to which a second connecting pipe, a third connecting pipe, and a fourth connecting pipe are connected in communication with each other, a rotary valve with a permanent magnet installed rotatably inside the valve box, and a rotary valve equipped with a permanent magnet disposed outside the valve box. a bypass connecting pipe is formed in the valve box,
The rotary valve is placed at a first attraction position with the first magnetic pole generation part of the permanent magnet, a second attraction position with the second magnetic pole generation part, and an intermediate position between the first magnetic pole generation part and the second magnetic pole generation part. A rotation stop means is provided for stopping the rotation, and the rotary valve element communicates the fourth connecting pipe and the third connecting pipe at the first suction position, and connects the fourth connecting pipe to the second suction position. A first communication hole that communicates with the second connecting pipe, communicates the second connecting pipe with the first connecting pipe at the first suction position, and connects the first connecting pipe with the third connecting pipe at the second suction position. A groove 1 is formed with a second communication hole that communicates with the rotary valve element at the first adsorption position or the second adsorption position, and a bypass for communicating the first connection pipe and the bypass connection pipe at an intermediate position. The present invention relates to a switching valve device characterized in that a hole is formed.

Therefore, according to the present invention, by rotating the rotary valve body using the torque obtained by the principle of an electric motor, the flow path of the fluid can be switched and the flow path can be switched without affecting the flow path. It is possible to open and close the bypass circuit sequentially or simultaneously in parallel with the main flow path, and when used in an air conditioner, it has excellent effects such as variable heat medium discharge volume and can also be used for defrosting etc. be.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view of a switching valve device showing an embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is a plan view of the same, Fig. 3 is a sectional view of the same, Fig. 4 is a basic configuration diagram of the heat medium compression cycle, Fig. 5 (,) is a plan view showing the internal state of the valve during cooling; Figure (b) is a plan view showing the internal state of the valve during heating, Fig. 6 is a plan view showing the internal state of the valve during defrosting, Fig. 7 is a diagram of the same fluid compression cycle configuration, and Fig. 8 is a plan view showing the internal state of the valve during heating. A configuration diagram of a heat medium compression cycle showing an example of a pond,
FIG. 9 is a plan view of the internal state of the valve showing another embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a block diagram of a conventional heat medium compression cycle. 16: Valve box, 18: Disc-shaped rotary valve, 19: Permanent magnet,
22: First magnetic pole generating section, 23: Second magnetic pole generating section, 24:
Electromagnet, 26: Main through hole, 28: Bypass connecting pipe, 29
: bypass through hole, 30: rotation stop means, C: second connecting pipe, D: first connecting pipe, E: third connecting pipe, S: fourth connecting pipe.

Claims (1)

[Claims] A valve box in which a first connecting pipe, a second connecting pipe, a third connecting pipe and a fourth connecting pipe are connected to each other, a rotary valve with a permanent magnet rotatably installed in the valve box, and the valve an electromagnet having a polarity convertible first magnetic pole generating section and a second magnetic pole generating section disposed outside the box, a bypass connecting pipe is formed in the valve box, and the rotary valve is connected to the permanent magnet. A rotation stop means is provided for stopping the rotation at a first attraction position with the first magnetic pole generation part, a second attraction position with the second magnetic pole generation part, and an intermediate position between the first magnetic pole generation part and the second magnetic pole generation part. and the rotary valve element has a first communication passage connecting the fourth connecting pipe and the third connecting pipe at the first suction position and communicating the fourth connecting pipe and the second connecting pipe at the second suction position. and a second communication hole communicating the second connecting pipe and the first connecting pipe at the first suction position and communicating the first connecting pipe and the third connecting pipe at the second suction position, A switching valve device characterized in that a bypass hole is formed in the rotary valve element at the first suction position or the second suction position and at an intermediate position for communicating the first connecting pipe and the bypass connecting pipe.