JPS62173674A - Writing controlling system for rotary type memory device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To speed up processing operation and effectively use memory area by making a recording area extending over plural tracks a unit of writing and providing an alternative area for such a recording area. CONSTITUTION:Two blocks of a track '0', seven blocks of a track '1' and nine blocks of tracks 2 and 3 and first five blocks of a track 4, 32 blocks (A0-A31) in total, are designated as the first regular area, and data are written here at first. Then, the sixth block and seventh block of the track 4 are made the first two (B0 and B1) of the second regular area, and alternative areas (alpha1, alpha2) for the first regular area are provided successively. Then, succeeding 30 blocks (B2-B31) of the second regular area are taken. The second regular blocks terminate at the third block of a track 8. Then, two blocks (C0 and C1) for the third regular area and alternative areas (beta1 and beta2) for the second regular area are taken successively.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Application of the Invention] The present invention relates to a write control method in a storage device using a rotary recording medium having a large number of information recording tracks.

[Background of the invention]

However, in recent years, optical disk devices have attracted attention as large-capacity external storage devices for computer systems. In optical disk devices, data is written in the form of holes called pits in the metal film by irradiating the metal film formed on the disk surface with laser light that is modulated according to the data. A weak laser beam is applied to the metal film 1.
The presence or absence of pits is detected from changes in the amount of reflected light. In the case of optical discs, this includes deterioration of the laser light source and technology for focusing the laser light onto the metal film surface.

Depending on the state 2 of the metal film of the recording medium, etc., variations occur in the formation of pits, resulting in areas where data is written incorrectly.

As a conventional technique for dealing with such problems, Japanese Patent Application Laid-open No. 5
As known from Japanese Patent No. 8-181163, there is a method in which a spare area is provided for each track and data is written in units of tracks.

By the way, on small optical discs, per track,
Since the track is divided into a small number of blocks, it is wasteful to have one or two fixed replacement areas for one track in terms of reliability.

Therefore, with the method of writing in track units as in the above-mentioned prior art, it is not possible to speed up the processing operation, and it is not possible to effectively use the storage area of the optical disc.

[Purpose of the invention]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a write control method that is effective for a rotary storage device, such as an optical disk, in which data writing to a recording medium is not sufficiently reliable.

Another object of the present invention is to speed up a series of operations in a write control method in which data is written, the written data is read and checked, and if there is a defective block, normal data is written in a replacement area. The purpose of the present invention is to provide a write control method that allows writing to be completed.

[Summary of the invention]

In the present invention, a regular recording area is set across a plurality of tracks, and a replacement area is set for such a recording area. The present invention is characterized in that writing is performed in units of recording areas as described above.

[Embodiments of the invention]

An embodiment in which the present invention is applied to an optical disk storage system will be described.

First, recording and reproducing data on an optical disc will be explained. For example, an optical disc has a circular substrate made of a material such as glass or plastic, and a layer made of UV resin is provided on the surface of the substrate.

A large number of concentric or spiral grooves are formed on the surface of this UV resin layer. These grooves are provided to distinguish the track portion on which information is recorded from other portions on the disk by the difference in light reflection. When a strong laser beam is irradiated on the surface of the UV resin including these grooves, it melts to form pits, and when a weak laser beam is irradiated, a thin metal film is formed that simply reflects the laser beam.

Access to tracks on an optical disk is typically achieved by using a semiconductor laser element, focusing the light emitted from this laser element and irradiating it perpendicularly to the optical disk surface, and depending on the presence or absence of pits and grooves. The optical system separates the changing reflected light component from the incident light, and the position of the objective lens is adjusted perpendicular to the optical axis according to the defocus signal detected from the reflected light, so that the laser light is always focused on the disk surface. This is done by an optical head consisting of an automatic focusing mechanism.

The optical head is mounted on a swing arm type or linear type actuator, for example, like a magnetic head in a magnetic disk drive, and is positioned at a predetermined track position by driving this actuator in the radial direction of the disk. In this case, if an attempt is made to achieve a searing operation to the target track using L actuators that cover all the tracks, it is not easy to control the actuators. Therefore, a tracking mirror placed in front of the objective lens is usually used, and the actuator performs rough positioning, and the inclination angle of the mirror is slightly changed to accurately position the light spot on the target track in two steps. position control is being performed.

FIG. 5 shows an optical disc D having spiral tracks. There are, for example, 1024 tracks on each side of the optical disc D.

Track o (”r,) from inside to outside.

Track 1 (T□)...Track 1023 (T□.

It is numbered 2,). In Figure 5, track T
The N portion is shown by a thick line.

FIG. 6 shows that the track is further divided into blocks. In this embodiment, for example, each track is divided into nine blocks B111-BIl, and each block consists of an ID section and a data section. Information indicating the physical location (track number and block number) of each block is recorded in advance in the ID section, and this information is read.

The block is confirmed, and data is written to and read from the data section.

This position information is called index information. The data department is
For example, this is an area for recording data of 512 by 1-, error recovery information, error detection information, etc. accompanying this data.

FIG. 4 shows a logical format of an optical disc according to the present invention. An optical disc is logically divided into the following parts.

A total of 32 blocks (AO to A31 in Figure 4), including 2 blocks of track O, 7 blocks of track 1, 9 blocks of tracks 2 and 3, and the first 5 blocks of trunk 4, are called the first regular area. Let's write the data here first.

Next, the 6th and 7th blocks of track 4 are set as the first two of the second regular area (BO and Bl), and this is followed by the replacement area (C1) for the first regular area.
, C2). Then the subsequent 3 in the second regular area
Take o blocks. (82-B51). This second regular block ends at the third block of track 8.

After that, two blocks (Co and C1) for the third regular area and an alternate area (β
1 and B2) are taken consecutively.

Thereafter, in the same way, (i-th regular area), (i+1st regular area, first 2
The blocks are filled in the following order: (block), (replacement area for the i-th regular area), and (remaining 30 blocks of the i+1-th regular area). Note that the first seven blocks from 1 to 0 are not used.

Now, FIG. 1 shows how data is written to a recording medium having the above recording format based on a write command from a channel. Listed in order: 5) Write data for the first regular area to blocks AO and AL.

■Waiting for 2 blocks of rotation.

(2) Write data for the first regular area of blocks A2-A31.

Position the head 4 tracks ahead of (.

■Reread blocks AO and Al.

璽) Wait for block A2 to rotate until it reaches the head position.

■Reread blocks A2 to A31.

In addition to writing data for the second regular area only for two blocks, tli+blocks BO and B1, it is necessary to use an alternate area for the first regular area based on the results read in ■ and ■ during this time. Check if it exists. If the spare area is not needed, wait until block B2 rotates until it reaches the head position, and then go to (Jφ. If it is necessary to use the spare area, go to vine).

■Block α1. Alternatively, data is written to blocks α1 and C2.

Write data to the second regular worker rear from +J small block B2 to 831.

・Position the head in front of the D4 track.

@Reread block BO, 8, 1.

i Reread blocks α1 and α2.

(2) Reread blocks B2 to 831 and check the status of blocks α1 and α2, which were reread at 0, to confirm that the replacement area is correctly set.

Repeat below.

In addition to the above-described operation sequence, FIG. 1 also shows the occupied states of two buffers in the control unit, which will be described later. As you can see from this figure, ■, ■, ■, ■,
While accessing the first regular/alternative area with ■ or ■,
Use the second buffer when accessing the second regular/alternative area with ■, @l, @, @.

Further, the first buffer is released when writing to the spare area is determined to be normal at the end of step (2), and data preparation for the next third regular area is performed during [phase]. In addition, when determining the validity of data read in normal ■, for example, based on ECC syndrome, EC
The time needed to calculate the C syndrome is absolutely necessary, but within that time, as shown in without creating an area,
The fact that a write operation is being executed is also a point that requires attention and is a feature of this embodiment. Note that this point is not an essential part, and a corresponding replacement area may exist immediately after the regular area.

FIG. 2 shows an example of the configuration of an optical disk storage system implementing the above access method. In this example, the storage system is connected to a channel (not shown) within a data processing unit (CPU).
A control unit (ODC) 20 connected to the
disk.

Optical disk unit (ODU) that includes the head mechanism
It consists of 40.

0DC20 in response to data write and data read commands from the channel.

A channel interface controller 21.0DU for controlling the 0DU 40 and connected to the channel by a bus 50A and a control line 50B. A microprocessor 22 that controls the overall operation; a memory 23 that stores microprograms necessary for control operations executed by the microprocessor 22; Two buffer memories (where write data from channels and read data from 0DU4o are stored)
Ml, M2) 24A, 24B.

Selector 25 for selecting the input/output bus of each buffer memory
A and 25B, a modulation/demodulation circuit 26 that modulates the data written to the optical disk and demodulates the read signal. ODU interface controller 27 connected to ODU 40 by bus 52A and control line 52B. It also includes a register 28 in which ID information read from the optical disc is stored.

The selectors 25A, 25B each have a bus 30.2 connected to the channel interface controller 21. A bus 31 connected to the microprocessor 22. It is connected to a bus 32 that is connected to the modulation/demodulation circuit 26 . Bus selection by selectors 25A and 25B and buffer memory 24
A.

Designation of reading/writing of 24B is performed by a control signal 35 of the microprocessor 22. Modulation/demodulation circuit 2
6 has an FCC checking function and notifies the microprocessor 22 via a signal line 36 if there is an error in the read data block. The capacity of each of the buffer memories Ml and M2 is determined by the storage capacity of the sum of one regular area and alternate area, since it is necessary to store both data in one regular area and alternate area together during a read operation based on a read command from a channel. It has capacity.

0DU40 is an ODC interface controller 1 to roller 41 connected to a bus 52A and a control line 52B, and a decoder 422 is located at a circuit 43. It includes a read/write circuit 44. A positioning circuit 43 moves the tracking mirror of the optical head in response to a control signal 45 from the decoder 42, and jumps the access position by one track or a plurality of tracks to cover at least one regular area and an alternate area. Control at this time is performed by control lines 38.52B and 48.45 in FIG. 1, and data for control is received and passed through 31.degree. 52A and 49. The read/write circuit 44 switches the laser element drive current using a control signal 46 so that a weak laser beam is emitted during reading and a strong data-modulated laser beam is emitted during writing. 47 indicates a write data and read data bus.

In the above optical disk storage system, in order to perform the access control described in FIG. 1, the microprocessor 22 of the DC 20 must execute the program operation shown in FIG. Bye.

FIG. 3 shows a program for controlling data in the buffer memory M1. Here, for convenience of explanation, the program in FIG. 3 will be referred to as program M1, and the program for the other buffer memory M2 will be referred to as program M2. The numbers inside the circles correspond to those in Figure 1.

○When data for one regular manhour is prepared in the buffer memory 24A from the DC 20 and the program M1 is started,
A flag M1 indicating that this program is being executed becomes 1 (step 100). The ID corresponding to the beginning of the regular area is set in the register 28 (step 1
02), reads data from buffer memory M1, and
Output to DU. As a result, the first
Data for the first two blocks XO and X1 of the regular area is written (step 104).

Thereafter, it is determined from the flag M2 whether the program in the other buffer memory M2 is being executed (step 106).
). If flag M2 is 1, program M2 is executed (step 108). If flag M2 is 0, or if there is a return from program M2 to program M1, it is confirmed that the second block in the regular area has been reached (step 110).

Continue writing data from the second block x2 to the 31st block X31 in this regular area (step 11).
2). This corresponds to ■ in FIG. Then, step 11 to position the previous track by 4 tracks.
4) After having the first block xO of the regular area (step 115), the first two blocks of the regular area xO2X1
The minute data is reread (step 116).

This corresponds to ■ in Figure 1. After that, flag M again
It is determined whether 2 is 1 (step 118). If flag M2 is 1, program M2 is executed (step 120). If flag M2 is 0, or if control returns from program M2 to program M1, it is confirmed that the second block in the regular area has come to the head position (step 122), and then the second block The data is reread from x2 to the 31st block X31 (step 124). This corresponds to ■ in Figure 1. After that, it is determined again whether flag M2 is 1 (step 126).
. If flag M2 is 1, program M2 is executed (step 128). If flag M2 is O, or if control returns from program M2 to program M1, check the error status of blocks xO to X31 read in steps 116 and 124, and if there is a defective block. (Step 130), waits until the head Y1 of the replacement area comes to the head position (Step 132), and then rewrites the data of the defective block into blocks Yl and Y2 (Step 134). This corresponds to ■ in Figure 1. after that.

It is determined whether flag M2 is 1 (step 136).

If flag M2 is 1, program M2 is executed (
Step 138). If flag M2 is O, the head is positioned four tracks forward (step 140). After that, or when control returns from program M2 to program M1, the process waits until the beginning Y1 of the replacement area reaches the head position (step 142).

Reread the replacement areas PL and P2 (Step 1
44), which corresponds to [phase] in FIG.

After that, or if there is no defective block in the previous step 130, a termination report is made to the channel (step 146).

Then, the flag M1 is reset to 0 (step 148).
), flag M2 is determined (step 150), and if flag M2 is 1, program M2 is executed (step 152).

In this two-legged flowchart, in step 128, steps 100 to 106 are executed on the program amount 2 side, in step 138, steps 110 to 118 are executed on the program amount 2 side, and in step 152, steps 110 to 118 are executed on the program amount 2 side. Steps 122 to 126 are executed on the side, and in step 1.8, steps 130 to 13 are executed on the program amount 2 side.
6 is executed, and in step 120, steps 142 to 150 are executed on the program amount 2 side.

In the above embodiment, two buffer memories ML and M2 are prepared in 0DC20, and each output operation is performed in a time-sharing manner. However, by providing three or more of these buffer memories, the time-sharing period becomes longer. This makes it easier to rewrite data in the buffer memory. Also, if you do it like this.

Even if an error block is detected in the replacement area,
This will give you more time to rewrite.

Further, in the embodiment, a disk in which each track is continuous in a spiral shape is used, but even in the case of a disk in which each track is provided in a concentric circle, it is possible to simply jump between tracks in response to Index E 1. Because it is possible to
It is clear that the present invention can be applied similarly to the spiral type.

〔Effect of the invention〕

According to the present invention, by using a recording area spanning multiple tracks as a writing unit.

It becomes possible to speed up the processing operation, and since a spare area is prepared for such a recording area, it becomes possible to make effective use of the storage area.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an access sequence of an access method based on the present invention. FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a storage system implementing the access method of FIG. 1. FIG. 3 shows a second access method for implementing the access method shown in FIG.
Flowchart of a program executed by the microprocessor shown in the figure. FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a logical format 1- of an optical disc based on the present invention. FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of tracks on an optical disc. FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a recording format 1- for one track. 20...Control 1~Roll unit (ODC), 21...
Channel interface controller, 22... microprocessor, 23... memory, 24A, 24B.
...Buffer memory (ML, M2). 25A, 25B...Selector, 26...Modulation/demodulation circuit. 27...ODU interface controller, 28.
・Register, 40... Optical disk unit (○DU)
, 41...ODC interface controller, 42
...Decoder, 43...The positioning is the circuit. 44...Read/write circuit. r-1

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A regular recording area containing a plurality of data blocks and spanning a plurality of tracks, and at least one replacement area for recording data in place of a defective block in the recording area. A first step of writing data into the regular recording area by providing a spare area including blocks on the medium, a second step of reading data from the regular recording area, and an operation according to the second step. As a result, if a write-defective data block is detected, data is written to the replacement area that replaces the defective block, and subsequently data is written to the regular recording area following the regular recording area. 1. A write control method for a rotating storage device, comprising the steps of: 2. The write control method for a rotary storage device according to claim 1, wherein the operation of reading data from the spare area is performed after the third step. control method. 3. In the write control method for a rotary storage device according to claim 2, the operation of reading data from the regular recording area connected to the regular recording area is performed following the operation of reading data from the spare area. A write control method for a rotary storage device, characterized in that: 4. In the write control method for a rotating storage device as set forth in claim 1, a part of the regular recording area following the regular recording area is provided between the regular recording area and a replacement area for the area. A write control method for a rotating storage device, characterized in that: