JPS62170637A - Construction of dome shaped structure - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] (Industrial Application Field) This invention relates to a method for constructing a dome-shaped structure, and in particular, a method for constructing a three-dimensional curved structure constructed by combining triangular panels in a short construction period. This invention relates to a method for constructing a dome-shaped structure.

(Conventional technology) Conventionally, dome shape! Since +'Q structures can occupy a large space, they are widely used in everything from large auxiliary relics such as buildings, pavilions, and halls to offices and general residences.

Mainly, three construction methods are known for these dome-shaped structures that are three-dimensional curved structures.

One construction method is to assemble steel trusses into a dome shape, cover the outer surface with finishing material, and waterproof it.

The second method is a trench construction method in which a strong coating is constructed in the shape of a dome, and air is sent into the interior of the dome to maintain the dome-shaped structure using the air pressure.

The third is that even though it is a cubic curved structure, it is constructed from a large number of triangles in succession based on spherical trigonometry rather than a spherical body.
It is a so-called geodesic dome. There are two known methods of constructing this geodesic dome: by butting partially fabricated triangular panels together and bolting each triangular panel together to form an envelope, and by using numerous struts and triangular There are two methods for assembling panels: connecting the ends of the struts to form a triangle, and attaching a pre-finished triangular panel to the triangle in a three-dimensional shape to form the outer covering of the dome. An example of the latter is the invention described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 59-206538.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) The conventional dome-shaped structure as described above has the following problems.

In other words, in the case of assembling a steel truss shade into a dome shape to cover the outer surface of the structure, the larger the span, the more large steel frames are required. The installation costs will increase accordingly.

In addition, in a structure in which the dome-shaped coating is held by air pressure, there are problems in that the windows cannot be opened freely, resulting in insufficient ventilation, giving a heavy feeling, and requiring the blower to be operated at all times. .

Furthermore, although the so-called geodesic dome based on spherical trigonometry solves the above problems, the dimensional accuracy of the triangular panels must be extremely accurate.

Furthermore, the geodesic dome described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 59-206538 has triangular panels attached to a framework of struts. This method not only requires precision in assembling the struts and shaping the triangular panels, but also poses problems in terms of strength for large domes, as the struts are simply assembled by hinge bins. In addition, the assembly of struts, triangular panels, etc. is complicated, leading to problems such as a long construction period.

This invention was made in view of the current situation, and provides a method for constructing a dome-shaped structure that not only is easy to assemble and shortens the construction period, but also allows the construction of a dome-shaped structure of any size. The purpose is to

(Means for Solving the Problems) In order to achieve the above object, the present invention has the following structure.

That is, it is constructed using wooden triangular panels and precast concrete triangular panels. First, the connecting plates that make up the side surfaces of the partially manufactured wooden triangular panels are butted and assembled one after another to form a cubic curved structure. Next, the base of the truss reinforcement is embedded in a precast concrete board, and a precast concrete triangular panel with ribrass provided on the top of the truss reinforcement is placed on top of the wooden triangular panel and assembled, and the adjacent precast concrete is assembled. The truss bars of the triangular panels made of wood are connected, and then a cast-in-place concrete layer is poured on the back side of the triangular precast concrete panel from which the truss bars protrude, creating an integrated structure.Finally, the triangular wooden panels are attached. It can be removed to form a dome-shaped structure.

(Example) The present invention will be described in detail below based on examples.

Figure fjSJ and Figure fjS2 show an embodiment of the present invention, with Figure 1 being a front view and Figure f52 being a plan view.

The dome-shaped structure 1 is built on a foundation 2 with a height of 11η and has a side wall 3, a window 4, an entrance/exit 5, and further has a dome part 6 on the upper part. The side wall 3, window 4, doorway 5, etc. may be constructed using conventionally known construction methods.

The feature of this invention lies in the method of constructing the dome portion 6.

Therefore, the method for constructing the dome portion 6 will be described below.

This dome portion 6 is a geodesic dome supplement formed by combining triangular panels into a three-dimensional shape based on spherical trigonometry. In constructing the geodesic dome in this invention, a partially manufactured wooden triangular panel 10 and a precast concrete triangular panel (hereinafter simply referred to as a PC triangular panel) 20 are used.

As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the wooden triangular panel 10 is
A coupling plate 12 is attached to the periphery of the back surface of the plane portion 11, and reinforcing plates 13, 14, and 15 are provided inside the coupling plate 12. This wooden triangular panel 10 is temporarily used as a support member for a PC triangular panel 20.

The three angles of the triangle of the plane portion 11 are not the same and are determined in advance by the meter W. There are various methods for calculating this angle, and the angle can be calculated using any method. In any case, the sum of the angles on the three sides of the wooden triangular panels must be 180 degrees, and when the wooden triangular panels are butted together to form a pentagon or hexagon, the sum of the angles at the center must be 360 degrees. be.

The connecting plate 12 connects four parts on the back surface of the flat part 11 to form a triangle, and is integrally fixed to the flat part 11 while being inclined inward by an angle α. This inclination angle α is an angle calculated in advance so that when the connecting plates 12 of the wooden triangular panels 10 are successively abutted against each other and positioned to coincide with the adjacent wooden triangular panels 10, the outer surfaces are in close contact with each other. . If the connecting plate 12 is attached at right angles to the flat part 11, it is not preferable because a V-shaped gap will be formed between adjacent connecting plates 12 when the wooden triangular panel 10 is assembled into a cubic curved body.

In this way, since the connecting plate 12 is inclined inward by the inclination angle α, the geodesic dome structure can be firmly assembled by sequentially combining the wooden triangular panels 10.Furthermore, the connecting plate 12 A hole 16 is bored into the hole 16, and a U-clip bolt or the like is inserted into the hole 16 to fix the adjacent wooden triangular panel 10.

Reinforcement plates 13, 14 and 1 provided inside the coupling plate 12
5, the number, direction, etc. are determined depending on the size and shape of the wooden triangular panel. In the embodiment, the reinforcing plate 13 is provided from one of the connecting plates 12 toward the opposite vertex. The reinforcing plate 13 is perpendicular to the plane portion 11, and forms a substantially T-shape with the reinforcing plate 15 provided at one end. The reinforcing plate 14 is provided parallel to both sides of the reinforcing plate 13 and is inclined toward the reinforcing plate 13 side.

The angle of inclination of the reinforcing plate 14 is approximately the same as the angle of inclination of the coupling plate 12.

f:tS5 to FIG. 7 show a partially manufactured PC triangular panel 20. PC! The planar shape of the triangular panel 20 is substantially the same as that of the wooden triangular panel 10.

PC triangular panel 20 is precast concrete board 2
A truss bar 22 is disposed on the back surface of 1.

The base of the truss reinforcement 22 is a precast concrete plate 21
It is buried in the ground, with the tip protruding. A plus 23 is integrally provided at the tip of the truss muscle 22 (sixth
(see figure). A plurality of truss reinforcements 22 are arranged at equal intervals in one direction and on the periphery of three sides of the precast concrete plate 21. The direction in which the truss bars 22 are arranged is not limited to the vertical direction, and may be arranged in any direction, such as simply being arranged vertically and horizontally.

The truss muscle 22 is connected to the top muscles 24 and 2 as shown in FIG.
It has a structure in which the parallel lower end reinforcements 25 of the book are welded and connected by substantially dogleg-shaped lattice reinforcements 26. The lattice reinforcement 26 straddles the top reinforcement 24, and both ends of the lattice reinforcement 26 are welded to the parallel lower end reinforcement 25, respectively.

27 is provided on the surface of precast concrete 21 C)
This is a fine finishing layer. The finishing layer 27 is mainly formed for VC decoration, and is formed of tiles 28 in the embodiment.

Next, an example of a method for constructing a geodesic dome using the above-mentioned wooden triangular panel 10 and PCT2p triangular panel 20 will be described.

First, base! ! After forming a side wall 3 on top of the dome 2, wooden triangular panels 10 are sequentially connected to the upper part of the side wall 3 to form a dome 1a. The wooden triangular panels 10 are butted against each other with their plane parts 11 facing upward, and are successively connected by inserting bolts 17 into holes 16 of adjacent coupling plates 12 and tightening nuts 18.

Since the coupling plates 12 are provided inclined at an angle α with respect to the plane portion 11, adjacent coupling plates 12 can be combined without forming a gap between them.

In this way, after forming the wooden dome 1a by combining the wooden triangular panels 10, the PC triangular panels 2
Place it on top of the wooden triangular panel 10 with the surface of 0 inside @
Place them and combine them one by one. When the PC triangular panels 20 are combined in a cubic curved shape, a dome 1n structure is formed by two layers of the wooden triangular panel 10 and the PC triangular panel 20, as shown in FIG.

When combining the PC triangular panels 20, in order to strengthen the connection with the adjacent PC triangular panels 20,
Top reinforcements 24 of adjacent truss reinforcements 22 are connected by welding or binding. Furthermore, reinforcing bars 29 are installed between the parallel top bars 24, and the reinforcing bars 29 and top bars 24 are fixed by welding or binding. The top muscles may not be directly connected to each other but may be connected only through the reinforcing rods 29.

The PC triangular panel 20 adjacent to this reinforcing bar 29
has an integral structure as a whole (see Figure 9).

Next, the truss reinforcement 2 of the precast concrete plate 21
Concrete is poured on-site on the back side where 2 protrudes and C is placed to form cast-in-place concrete') -) 7ff130.

Since the truss bars 22 are provided with beams 2', (), the cast-in-place concrete layer 30 can be formed on the outer surface without using formwork, and the truss bars 22 are embedded in the cast-in-place concrete layer 30. A concrete layer that is integrated with the precast concrete plate 21 can be obtained (see Fig. 10).

After the cast-in-place concrete layer 30 has hardened, the waterproof layer 31
will be established. The waterproof layer 31 can be formed by a known structure, and if one is provided, it can be a known structure such as mortar, enameled iron plate, tile, etc.

After completing the construction of cast-in-place concrete N30, waterproof layer 31, etc., the wooden triangular panel 10 is removed. If you remove the wooden triangular panel 10, you will see a precast concrete board 2.
1 surface appears in the room, and the construction of the dome-shaped structure is completed.

Although the connecting plate 12 of the wooden triangular panel 10 is configured to be inclined inward by an angle α with respect to the plane part 11, this problem occurs when it is provided at right angles to the plane part 11 without being inclined and is combined into a three-dimensional structure. A separately formed ■-shaped wedge may be driven into the V-shaped gap to connect them.

Furthermore, the structure of the truss bars 22 in the PC triangular panel 20 is not limited to the example, and may be added as an arbitrary addition. Alternatively, they may be connected by binding. The structure of the waterproof JG on the surface of the PC triangular panel and the top surface of the cast-in-place concrete layer can be a known structure.

Furthermore, the dome-like structure may be a semicircular dome structure as a whole without providing side walls as in the embodiment.

(Effects of the Invention) As described above in detail, the present invention can produce the following effects.

(1) Wooden triangular panels are used as the support frame for the PC board, making it easy to assemble and shortening the overall construction period. +! ! Since it is used as a support member for a triangular panel, it is sufficient that the support member has this dimensional accuracy and strength.

(2) Although the dome-shaped structure combines triangular panels made of PC, it has extremely high structural strength because the truss bars are connected together and the structure is made of a single piece of cast-in-place concrete.

(3) Since the PCL triangular panel is a panel with a beam plus, there is no need to use formwork when pouring concrete on site, and in combination with the use of wooden triangular panels, the construction period can be further shortened.

(4) Since wooden triangular panels can be reused, construction costs can be reduced accordingly.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

The drawings show an embodiment of the present invention, and Fig. f:tS1 is a front view showing an example of a dome-shaped structure, Fig. 2 is a plan view,
Figure 3 is a perspective view of the back side of the wooden triangular panel, Figure 4 is fjS
Figure 3 is a sectional view taken along line A-A, and Figure 5 is PC! ! A plan view of the triangular panel, Fig. f56 is a partially enlarged sectional view, Fig. 7 is a perspective view showing an example of a truss bar, and Fig. fjS8 is a wooden triangular panel and PC.
An illustrative partial cross-sectional view showing a dome-shaped η body formed by combining triangular panels made of PC, Figure 9 is a partial plan view illustrating the connection of triangular panels made of PC, and Figure 10 is a structure constructed according to this invention. It is a partial sectional view of a dome structure.

Claims (3)

[Claims] (1) A three-dimensional curved structure is created by sequentially assembling the connecting plates that make up the sides of the partially manufactured wooden triangular panels, and then embedding the base of the truss bars in a precast concrete plate and placing the top of the truss bars on the top of the truss bars. A precast concrete triangular panel provided with ribrass is placed on the top surface of the wooden triangular panel and assembled, the truss bars of adjacent precast concrete triangular panels are connected, and then the precast concrete from which the truss bars protrude is assembled. A method for constructing a dome-shaped structure, characterized by forming an integral structure by pouring a cast-in-place concrete layer on the back side of a made triangular panel, and finally removing the wooden triangular panel to form a dome-shaped structure. (2) The method for constructing a dome-shaped structure according to claim 1, wherein the truss bars of the precast concrete triangular panels are connected via reinforcing bars. (3) A method for constructing a dome-shaped structure according to claim 1, characterized in that a wooden triangular panel with a connecting plate inclined inward is used.