JPS62165558A - Speed governor for engine - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To ensure the easy start of an engine in the winter season and the like and prevent an excessive fuel supply due to a fluctuation in a predetermined value by controlling the electric drive means of a governor lever for a fuel injection pump according to an operation condition through an electric current application means at speed reduction and increase sides or an electric current interrupting means. CONSTITUTION:There are an electric current application means 'p' for speed reduction side operated when a detecting governor lever position known from a position detecting means 'g' is larger than a target governor lever position known from a setting means 'f' for the number of engine revolutions at the time of engine stop, and the number of engine revolutions detected by a detecting means 'm' for the number of engine revolutions is larger than the predetermined number of engine revolutions, and an electric current application means 'r' for increasing speed side operated when said number of engine revolutions is to the contrary. Also, a current application time calculation means 's' is provided for calculating time optimum when there is any fluctuation detected in the predetermined number of engine revolutions by a fluctuation detecting means 'k', and a current interrupting means 't' is controlled by an output from said means 's'. And electric current application means 'p' and 'r' control an electrical drive part 'e' via said means 't', thereby operating a governor 'b' and controlling fuel feed from an injection pump 'a'.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to an engine speed governor that controls the amount of fuel supplied to the engine to control the output rotation speed of the engine.

[Prior art]

Conventionally, electrical or mechanical remote controllers have been used as speed governors to control the output speed of the engine by controlling the amount of fuel supplied by controlling the governor lever of the governor installed on the fuel injection pump that controls the engine speed. Some used controls to manipulate the position of the regulator handle, while others used feedback control by measuring engine speed.

[Problems with conventional technology]

However, with conventional remote controls, the position of the governor lever corresponds one-to-one with the rotation setting device. However, there was a problem in that the rotational speed varied due to changes in load during engine operation, such as slowing down of the engine due to loading such as when pulling a fishing net cast into the sea.

In addition, with the latter feedbank control method for rotational speed, the governor lever cannot be controlled when the engine is stopped, so if the governor lever is in the idle position, there is a problem in starting the engine when it is stopped, in that it may not be possible to start in winter. Ta.

Furthermore, when the regulator handle is suddenly moved in the direction of acceleration, a large amount of fuel is over-supplied to the combustion chamber at once, causing incomplete combustion and black smoke is generated. There were problems such as the engine becoming more expensive than necessary and the output efficiency of the engine decreasing.

[Purpose of the invention]

The present invention was made in view of the above-mentioned circumstances, and there is no change in the engine speed even with changes in the engine load.
The purpose of this system is to ensure that there is no problem in starting the engine in winter, and even if a sudden increase in engine output speed is instructed, the purpose is to alleviate the sudden oversupply of fuel and ensure complete combustion of the fuel at all times. It is said that

[Means to achieve the purpose]

The present invention for achieving this purpose is constructed as shown in the functional block diagram of FIG. That is, a fuel injection pump a, a mechanical governor b that determines the amount of fuel supplied to this injection pump, and a mechanical governor b that controls the injection pump a through this governor b.
In an engine d having an electric drive device e that controls the output rotation speed of the engine d by controlling the fuel supply amount of the engine d, when the engine is stopped, the target governor lever position and the target governor lever position calculated from the rotation speed set by the engine rotation speed setting means f and , means for comparing the lever position detected by the position detecting means g, and a fluctuation detecting means for detecting whether or not there is a fluctuation in the set rotation speed of the rotation speed setting means during engine operation. means n for comparing the set rotation speed set by the rotation speed setting means f and the engine rotation speed detected by the engine rotation detection means m when the set rotation speed is detected to be stable by the means, and when the engine is stopped; When the detected governor lever position is greater than the governor lever position of the target engine rotation speed determined by the rotation speed setting means f, and when the detected engine rotation speed is greater than the set rotation speed when fluctuations in the set engine rotation speed are stable. and an energizing means p for driving the electric drive device e to move the governor lever to the deceleration side, and when the detected governor lever position is smaller than the target governor lever position of the engine rotation speed when the engine is stopped and the fluctuation of the set engine rotation speed is stable. If the detected engine rotational speed is smaller than the set rotational speed in the case where the detected engine rotational speed is smaller than the set rotational speed, the rotational speed is changed to the set rotational speed by the energizing means r that drives the electric drive device to the speed increasing side of the governor lever and the fluctuation detection means. energization time calculation means S for calculating the energization time to the electric drive device e necessary for changing the set rotation speed, and the energization time calculated by the energization time calculation means. , energization intermittent means t for intermittent energization within a range that does not cause incomplete combustion due to sudden oversupply of fuel to the engine; and energization of the electric drive means by the drive means and the energization intermittent means, thereby controlling the output of the engine. It is equipped with an arrival determining means U that determines whether the rotational speed has reached the set rotational speed, and an energization stopping means V that stops the energization by the energization intermittent means based on the determination result of the reaching determination means U. An engine speed governor characterized by:

In the present invention, when the fluctuation detecting means f detects a fluctuation in the set rotational speed of the rotational speed setting means g, the energization time is calculated based on the control rack of the injection pump necessary to realize the rotational speed after this change. In order to achieve this operation, the required energization time to the electric drive means e is calculated and applied to the energization/intermittent means i. Since incomplete combustion is likely to occur, an intermittent energization signal with a smaller duty ratio is given to the electric drive device e as the energization time becomes longer to prevent incomplete combustion.

〔Example〕

Hereinafter, one embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 2 shows an embodiment in which the engine speed governor of the present invention is applied to a marine vessel propulsion device. In the figure, 1 is a remote control handle, and this remote control hand hull 1 includes a regulator handle 2 and a clutch switching handle. 3 are provided. The regulator handle 2 sets the engine speed by shifting back and forth, and a push-pull cable 4 is attached to the regulator handle 2, and the tip of the push-pull cable 4 is connected to the tip of the accelerator lever 6.・Fixed to . This accelerator sensor 5 electrically detects the rotational position of the accelerator lever 6, and the detection signal is given to the control unit 7 as the set rotational speed data of the engine. This accelerator sensor 5
and the regulator handle 2 constitute the rotation speed setting means f described above.

In the control unit 7, an energization signal is generated according to the given set rotation speed data based on a flow described later, and is given to the DC motor 9 of the regulator actuator 8. This control section 7 corresponds to the control section shown in FIG. 1 described above.

The regulator actuator 8 constitutes the electric drive device e described above, and is specifically configured as shown in FIG. 3, and the drive of the motor 9 is transmitted to the control shaft 11 via the gear mechanism 10. The shirt 11 is moved back and forth.

A governor lever 14 of a mechanical governor 13 provided on a fuel injection pump 15 is connected to the tip of the control shaft 11 via a link 12, and the amount of fuel supplied to the engine 16 is controlled by rotation of the governor lever 14. The output rotation speed of the engine 16 is controlled.

The base end of the control shaft 11 of the regulator actuator 8 is cut out diagonally to form an inclined surface 17, and the movable iron core 19 of the differential transformer 18 comes into contact with this inclined surface 17. The movable iron core 19 moves up and down due to the motion, and this movable iron core 19
The position of is detected by the coil of the differential transformer 18, and this position detection signal is given to the control section 7 as a position detection signal of the governor lever position detection means g.

The control unit 7 controls the engine 1 based on this position detection signal.
It is determined whether or not the set rotation speed set by the regulator handle 2 of 6 has been reached, and when the set rotation speed is reached, the power supply to the motor 9 is stopped.

Engine rotation sensor 2 consisting of an electromagnetic pickup or the like provided on the drive shaft 20 of the fuel injection pump 15 driven by the crankshaft (not shown) of the engine 16
1 is provided oppositely, and the detection signal of this sensor 21 is sent to the control unit 7
, and the rotational speed of the engine 16 is detected.

The determination as to whether the set rotation speed has been reached may be based on the detected rotation speed of the engine 16.

However, since the engine 16 is delayed in following the sudden movement of the regulator handle 2, it is possible to perform more appropriate control by detecting the rotation speed by detecting the position of the governor lever 14.

Next, the operation of the engine speed governor of this embodiment will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG.

In FIG. 5, pg represents the governor lever position, Pgs represents the target governor lever position, Ne represents the engine speed, and Nes represents the engine speed setting value.

First, in step (2), it is determined whether or not the engine is stopped. In this regard, by using the output of the engine speed detector 20, it can be determined whether the engine is stopped or running.

If the engine is currently stopped and the determination result in step ■ is yes, Pgs is calculated, and Pg=
Step 2 determines whether Pgs or not, and whether Pg is greater than Pgs.Proceed to the following processing. That is, in step (2), is the target governor lever position Pgs calculated from the set rotation speed Nes equal to the governor lever position? i!
It is determined whether or not it is equal to ZP g (detected value), and if the determination result is no, the two are compared in step (2) and it is determined whether Pg is greater than Pgs.

In this way, the engine speed can be set and the engine speed can be measured, and the governor lever 1 of the mechanical governor 13 can be set.
In the speed governor of an internal combustion engine having a regulator actuator 8 that operates a regulator actuator 4, the position of the governor lever 3 is detected, and when the engine is stopped, a target governor lever position Pgs is determined from the set rotation speed, and this is compared with the measured governor lever position Pg. and find the relationship between the sizes. If Pg is larger than Pgs and the determination result in step ■ is yes, the governor lever 3 is moved to the deceleration side in step ■; otherwise, if the determination result is no, step ■ is executed. A control signal is sent to the DC motor 6 to drive it so as to move the governor lever 3 to the speed increasing side. Such processing is executed until a YES determination result is obtained in step (3). That is, the target governor lever position Pgs and the governor lever position Pg
The governor lever 3 is rotated so that the (detected values) match, and in this way, when the engine is stopped, the expected value control of the rotation speed can be performed based on the lever position.

On the other hand, during engine operation, it is determined whether fluctuations in the engine speed setting value are stable.

Regarding this, it is determined in step (2) whether the fluctuation of the accelerator sensor 6 is stable or not, and if YES, control based on the rotation speed detection is performed in and after step (2).

That is, in this case, steps (2) and (2) are executed, and step (2) or (2) is executed depending on the magnitude relationship between the set rotational speed Nes and the engine rotational speed Ne (detected value).

In step ■, it is determined whether or not NewNes, and n
If the determination result is o, it is determined in step 2 whether Ne is greater than Nes or not, and if it is, the DC control is set to move the governor lever 3 toward the deceleration side, and if not, to move the governor lever 3 toward the speed increase side. A control signal is sent to the motor 6. Such processing is performed until Ne=Nes,
In this way, when the engine is rotating, the set rotation speed Ne
The governor lever 3 is rotated so that s and the engine speed Ne (detected value) match.

Furthermore, if the determination result of "no" is obtained in step (2) above because the engine speed is not stable and fluctuates rapidly, the program executes step (2).

That is, in step (2), the output rotation speed data Ne of the engine 16 is calculated based on the position detection signal of the control shaft 1 provided by the differential transformer 18, and this and the set rotation speed data Nes from the accelerator sensor 5 are calculated. Comparisons are made to constantly detect whether there are any differences between the two data.

Now, assume that the regulator handle 2 is suddenly shifted in the acceleration direction. Then, the control device calculates the energization time t1 for the motor 9 of the regulator actuator 8 in accordance with the difference between the set rotational speed data Nes and the output rotational speed data Ne in step (2) above. For this energization time t1, the greater the difference between the two data, the greater the control shirt l-11 must be moved.
The value becomes that much larger.

Next, in step [phase], the energization time t1 calculated above is
Based on this, an energization duty ratio X% for intermittent energization is calculated within a range where this energization does not cause incomplete combustion due to sudden oversupply of fuel to the engine 16. Here, the duty ratio refers to the time ratio of a high level to one cycle of a pulse signal. This energizing duty ratio x
%, the longer the energization time t1, the more the control shaft 1
1 moves a lot, the change in the rack of the fuel injection pump 15 also becomes large, and it becomes easier to achieve complete combustion of that fraction, so the ratio becomes smaller accordingly.

Then, in step (3), the control device 7 determines whether or not the set rotational speed data Nes is smaller than the output rotational speed data Ne. Since we are now in the direction of acceleration, the set rotation speed data Nes is larger, so proceed to step 0.
The motor 9 of the regulator actuator 8 is energized intermittently in the acceleration direction at the calculated duty ratio for t2 seconds.

As a result, the motor 9 is driven intermittently, whereby the control shaft 11 is driven gradually, and as a result, the control rack of the fuel injection pump 15 is gradually moved to alleviate sudden oversupply of fuel to the combustion chamber. Incomplete combustion is prevented.

Then, in step (2), it is again determined whether the output rotational speed Ne has reached the set rotational speed Nes, and steps (2) to 0 are repeatedly executed until the output rotational speed Ne reaches the set rotational speed. This repeated energization time t1 gradually becomes shorter than the initially calculated one.

In addition, if it is determined in the above step (2) that the set rotational speed Ne5O is smaller than the output rotational speed Ne, in this case, deceleration processing will be performed, but in the case of deceleration, it is impossible for fuel to be oversupplied. , the process proceeds to step @, where intermittent energization is not performed and an energization signal with a duty ratio of 100% is output for t1 seconds. In either case, if it is confirmed that the engine rotation speed has reached the set rotation speed, the process returns to step (2).

〔Effect of the invention〕

As described above in detail, the engine speed adjusting device of the present invention can produce the following effects.

(1) When the engine is stopped, the expected value control of the rotation speed based on the governor lever can be performed, so a preliminary start operation can be performed when the engine is stopped. For example, it is possible to start the engine reliably even in winter, and , it is possible to perform a smooth start-up at startup.

(2) When the engine is running and the fluctuations in the engine speed set value are stable, control operations can be performed based on the engine speed detection means. It is also possible to make fine-grained adjustments to the engine speed by keeping the engine speed constant.

(3) When the engine speed setting value fluctuates rapidly during engine operation, the amount of fuel supplied to the injection pump is controlled by a mechanical governor to control the engine output speed. This is done intermittently within a range that does not cause incomplete combustion due to oversupply.
By alleviating sudden oversupply of fuel, it is possible to always ensure complete combustion in the engine, and it is possible to prevent the generation of black smoke due to sudden oversupply of fuel.As a result, fuel consumption is higher than necessary. It is very economical because it does not cause the engine output efficiency to decrease.

(4) Furthermore, since the governor used in the present invention is a mechanical governor, there is an advantage that even if the control section breaks down due to unexpected causes such as drought, it is possible to switch to manual control.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is a functional block diagram showing an overview of the present invention, Fig. 2 is an overall configuration diagram of the engine speed governor, Fig. 3 is a partial cross-sectional view of the regulator actuator 8, and Fig. 4 shows how the DC motor is energized. FIG. 3 is a flowchart of intermittent processing. 2... Regulator handle, 5... Accelerator sensor, 7... Control unit, 8... Regulator actuator, 9... DC motor, 11... Control shaft, 13... Governor lever, 14... ... Mechanical governor, 15... Fuel injection pump, 16... Engine, 18... Differential transformer, 21... Engine rotation sensor. Figure 3

Claims (1)

[Claims] In an engine having a fuel injection pump, a mechanical governor that determines the fuel supply amount of the injection pump, and an electric drive device that controls the output rotation speed of the engine by controlling the fuel supply amount of the injection pump through the governor, means for comparing the target governor lever position calculated from the set rotation speed by the engine rotation speed setting means with the detected lever position by the governor lever position detection means when the engine is stopped, and the set rotation speed of the rotation speed setting means when the engine is running. a change detection means for detecting whether there is a change in the
means for comparing the set rotation speed by the rotation speed setting means and the engine rotation speed detected by the engine rotation detection means when the fluctuation detection means detects that the set rotation speed is stable; When the detected governor lever position is greater than the governor lever position of the target engine rotation speed determined by the rotation speed setting means, and when the detected engine rotation speed is greater than the set rotation speed when fluctuations in the set engine rotation speed are stable, energizing means for driving the electric drive device to move the governor lever to the deceleration side, and when the detected governor lever position is smaller than the target governor lever position of the engine speed when the engine is stopped, and when the fluctuation of the set engine speed is stable; When the detected engine rotational speed is smaller than the set rotational speed, the energizing means for driving the electric drive device to increase the speed of the governor lever and the fluctuation detection means detect that there has been a variation in the set rotational speed. When the rotation speed is changed, the energization time calculation means calculates the energization time to the electric drive device necessary for changing the set rotation speed, and the energization time calculated by the energization time calculation means calculates the energization time that is calculated by the energization time calculation means. energization intermittent means for intermittent energization within a range that does not cause incomplete combustion due to oversupply;
reaching determination means for determining whether or not the output rotation speed of the engine has reached a set rotation speed by energizing the electric drive means by the driving means and the energization/intermittent means; and based on the determination result of the reaching determination means. and energization stopping means for stopping energization by the energization/intermittent means.