JPS6216284B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a quantitative water diversion device that takes water from a main waterway to a branch waterway using a water level difference.

As shown in Fig. 1, there is a conventional device of this type in which a water intake tube 1a is fitted inside a drain pipe 2a; 3a, and the water on the outside of the drain pipe 2a (primary side) and the water on the inside of the drain pipe 2a (communicating to the secondary side) are separated in a watertight manner by the gasket 4a. The water surface is controlled by the hanger frame 5a attached to the top of the hanger frame 5a.
It is suspended so that it can be raised and lowered vertically via a float 6a floating on _H1 , and the water intake tube 1a is raised and lowered by the same amount according to the height of the _H1 water level, and the overflow water depth h is always maintained.
By keeping the amount constant, the amount of overflow water was kept constant and water was distributed in a fixed amount. However, in this case, when the _H1 water level rises or falls, due to the resistance of the packing 4a, the floating body consisting of the float 6a and the water intake tube 1a does not immediately rise or fall, and the amount of water submerged in the floating body is reduced. Due to increase or decrease, the floating body only rises or descends when the difference between the buoyant force F acting on the floating body and the weight W of the floating body becomes equal to the packing resistance R, and there is always a delay. That is, in the case of _H1 water level rise, the floating body does not rise until F=W+R. H If the water level drops _{by 1} , W=F+
The floating body begins to descend when it reaches R. Furthermore, since the packing resistance R is not always constant, the necessary buoyancy F (proportional to the amount of submersion of the floating body) changes, and therefore the overflow water depth h is not constant.

In addition to the problem of packing resistance, the above-mentioned type has the following problem. In other words, if the packing resistance is excluded, the external force acting on the floating body is equal to its own weight W.
, the buoyancy force F ₀ due to the water outside the water intake tube 1a, and the buoyancy force Fi due to the water inside the water intake tube 1a, and due to force balance, there is a relationship of W=Fo+Fi...(1). Here, F ₀ is mainly the weight of water with the same volume as the submerged volume Bo of the float 6a, and Fi is due to the water pressure P acting upward on the lower end surface of the water intake tube 1a, and its magnitude is It is equal to the weight of water corresponding to the volume Bi occupied by the cylinder wall below the water level _H2 . If the water level H ₂ in the cylinder now falls and becomes H ₂ −ΔH ₂ , the volume Bi will become Bi − ΔBi and the buoyant force Fi due to the internal water will become Fi − ΔFi. Even in this case, the relationship in equation (1) must be maintained, so the floating body sinks from its previous position, and the float submergence amount Bo increases to Bo + ΔBo,
As the buoyant force Fo due to the open water increases to Fo + ΔFo (where ΔFi = ΔFo), the right side of equation (1) becomes (Fo + ΔFo) + (Fi + ΔFi) = Fo + Fi, and the previous relationship is maintained.

Therefore, the amount of sinking of the floating body increases relative to the _H1 water level, so the overflow water depth h increases to h+Δh. water level H ₂
If it increases, it will be reduced to h - Δh for the same reason.

Further, the buoyant force Bi acting on the water intake tube 1a is proportional to the length 1 of the portion of the tube immersed in the internal water, and if the total length of the water intake tube 1a is L, then 1=L+h-(H ₁ -H ₂ ). Therefore, to be more precise, buoyancy Bi is the difference in water level between the inside and outside.
It can be seen that it fluctuates depending on the change in H ₁ − _{H 2} .
Therefore, in the case of the above-mentioned type, even if the problem of packing resistance is excluded, changes in the water level _H1 or _H2 change the force equilibrium conditions and change the overflow water depth h, making it difficult to perform quantitative water diversion. There was a drawback that it was practically impossible.

Furthermore, as shown in Fig. 2, the water intake pipe 1b is constructed of a bellows body 2b except for the upper opening, and this is connected to the drain pipe 3b, in the same manner as described above. The buoyant force acting on the cylinder wall changes, and the external and internal pressures that the water intake tube 1b receives change due to changes in the H ₁ and H ₂ water levels, so the tension that acts on the jacket cloth is not constant, and the water intake tube 1
Since the force that tries to bring the upper part of the drain pipe 3b closer to the drain pipe 3b changes, the buoyancy force required for the floating body changes, the overflow water depth h is not constant, and there is a drawback that quantitative water diversion is virtually impossible.

Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 3, water intake tubes 1c and 1d
There is also a type in which the drain pipe 2c is inserted outwardly into the drain pipe 2c (1d is not necessary), but this type has an upward facing surface that receives the downward water pressure P ₁ and P ₂ from the water in the cylinder. In this case, the water pressures P ₁ and P ₂ received by the water intake tube vary depending on the position of the water level H ₂ of the internal water. The water level _H2 even if ₁ is constant
As the amount of water submerged in the float changes due to a change in the amount of water, h changes, resulting in a drawback that it is virtually impossible to perform quantitative water distribution.

This invention eliminates the drawbacks of the above-mentioned conventional methods, and maintains the overflow water depth h constant by not changing the external force acting on the water intake pipe even if the H ₁ and H ₂ water levels change. The object of the present invention is to provide a quantitative water separation device that enables quantitative water separation.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 4 and 5. In the figure, reference numeral 1 denotes a water intake tube with an open top, and the water intake tube 1 is suspended from above by a hanger frame 15. The hanger frame 15 has a recessed part 18 in the center whose lower end protrudes into the water intake tube 1, and is attached to the center of the lower surface of the float support frame 14 through a bush 19 provided at the open end of the recessed part 18. A hollow ram 17 is inserted. An adjustment rod 16 disposed perpendicularly to the frame 14 is inserted into the ram 17, and the head of the adjustment rod 16 is rectangular so that it can be easily rotated. It is screwed into a female threaded portion 27 formed on the bottom wall. Further, a piece 20 for preventing rotation of the hanger frame 15 is attached to the upper inner side of one of the floats 13 attached as a pair on both sides of the frame 14. Therefore, by rotating the adjustment rod 16, the water intake tube 1 is raised and lowered vertically relative to the frame 14 via the hanger frame 15,
The overflow water depth h can be finely adjusted and set to a predetermined height.

Further, a plurality of window holes 2 are provided in the lower wall of the recessed portion 18.
8 is bored, so that even when the recessed part 18 is immersed in water inside the water intake tube 1, water is communicated between the inside and outside of the recessed part, and the buoyancy force applied to the recessed part 18 can be minimized.

A wheel 21 is attached to the outer end of the frame 14 and the lower end of the float 13, and the wheel 21 is rotatably engaged with a rail 22 provided on a side plate 29 of the water tank 23, and The floating body consisting of H1 and float 13 can be smoothly raised and lowered as _the water level changes. The entire floating body is placed on the top plate 24 of the water tank 23.
a lifting mechanism (not shown) such as a jack-up bolt or lifting rope installed between the
This allows the floating body to be lifted only when necessary. However, when the above-mentioned lifting mechanism is used for constant water intake, it is attached so as not to obstruct the raising and lowering of the water intake tube. Further, the lower part of the water intake tube 1 is vertically inserted into an inner tube 2 whose upper end opening is inclined outward and expanded, with a play gap G through a bush 3. Assuming that the outer diameter D of the water intake tube 1 is 1000 mm, the play gap G is most preferably within the range of 0.5 to 1.5 mm.

The inner cylinder 2 is watertightly connected to the upward opening of the drain pipe 4 by an annular skirt 5 made of a flexible material (such as a rubber plate).
It is suspended from the top plate 24 by a cable 8 as a support member such as a rope or a link chain through a hanging hole 7 of a mounting piece provided in the top plate 24 . At this time, the cables 8 are stretched to such an extent that the skirt 5 is bent. A plurality of air vent holes 9 are bored in the cylinder wall facing the top of the skirt 5 of the inner cylinder 2 to prevent the inner cylinder 2 from vibrating due to sudden ejection due to accumulation of air. There is.

Further, a gasket 10 that is oriented horizontally and protrudes slightly inward is attached to the lower end of the water intake tube 1 by means of a holding plate 11, and as described above, by lifting the floating body as necessary, the gasket 10 can be moved to the inclined part of the inner tube 2. 1
2, so that water leakage through the gap G can be completely blocked.

In addition, 6 in the figure is a presser plate. In addition, the cable 8
Instead of suspending the inner cylinder 2, a structure using an elastic plate 30 shown in FIG. 6 may be used.
This elastic plate 30 is made of a rectangular thin metal plate,
The center part is configured to bulge out slightly to the outside, and a plurality of skirts are attached to the outer periphery of the skirt 5 by presser plates 6. The elastic plate 30 supports the weight of the inner cylinder 2 and the bush 3 as a whole, and if horizontal force is applied to the inner cylinder 2 due to misalignment between the inner cylinder 2 and the floating body, the elastic plate 30
is elastically deformed to easily move the inner cylinder 2 in the horizontal direction and align it with the center of the floating body, so that it does not interfere with the vertical movement of the water intake cylinder 1. In this way, the elastic plate 3
0, when the packing 10 is brought into close contact with the inclined part 12 of the inner cylinder 2 via the lifting mechanism, the lifting force applied to the inner cylinder 2 can be supported by the tension of the elastic plate 30, so the skirt 5 This has the advantage that no excessive force is applied to the inner tube 2, and the cable 8 is
Since you can eliminate obstacles such as , you no longer have to worry about foreign objects in the water (plastic sheets, strings, etc.) getting caught. In addition, the relationship between the symbols x, x' in Figure 4 and the overflow water depth (maximum) hmax is hmax
<x<x'. In addition, the water level H ₁ of the water on the primary side (main waterway) taken in from the water inlet 25 of the water tank 23
The height of the water intake tube 1, which is a floating body, is adjusted using the adjustment rod 16.
If a predetermined overflow water depth h is set by rotating , the water on the primary side will overflow into the water intake tube 1 at a constant flow rate in the fluctuation range of the primary side water level H ₁ to H' ₁ , and this water will be It will be discharged to the secondary side (branch waterway) outside the tank via the inner cylinder 2 and drain pipe 4.

This invention is as described above, and the water intake tube 1 is fitted into the outside of the inner tube 2 connected to the drain pipe 4, and the surface of the water intake tube 1 that contacts the water inside the tube is the vertical inner wall surface (the fourth
') in the figure, so as long as the water in the cylinder is below point A, water intake cylinder 1 will not receive water pressure in the vertical direction (regardless of whether it is upward or downward), and the water pressure in the internal water will be the horizontal side pressure. Therefore, the water intake tube 1 does not receive any vertical buoyancy from the internal water, regardless of the position of the _H2 water level. In addition, the water intake tube 1 has vertical water pressure P ₁ , P ₂ , P ₃ from a surface other than the vertical tube wall that contacts the water outside the tube.
As a result, it receives a constant buoyant force equal to the weight equivalent to the volume of the cylinder immersed in the open water as an algebraic sum of these forces. As a result of these inland water levels
As long as H ₂ is below point A, the buoyant force acting on the water intake tube 1 is constant regardless of the positions of the water levels H ₁ and H ₂ .

In addition, since no gasket is used between the water intake tube 1 and the inner tube 2 at this time, there is no gasket resistance, and the frictional resistance between the water intake tube 1 and the bush 3 is slight due to the gap G, and the change in resistance is Since it is negligible, the external force acting on the water intake tube 1 is always constant, so once the overflow water depth h is set, the vertical position of the water intake tube 1 relative to the _H1 water level is constant, and h is constant. is maintained. Therefore H ₁ or
It becomes possible to always keep the amount of water taken into the water intake tube 1 by overflow constant regardless of changes in the _H2 water level, and quantitative water diversion is practically achieved.

In addition, in the above case, when there is no overflow water and the water inside and outside the water intake tube 1 is stationary, the amount of water leaking from the gap G between the water intake tube 1 and the bush 3 is H ₁ - H ₂
However, when water flows from the outside to the inside of the water intake tube ₁ due to overflow, the water pressure difference between the _top and bottom of the gap G is H ₁ - Since it is not as large as the change in the value of H ₂ , the amount of water leaking into the water intake pipe 1 through this gap G and being added can be kept within the error range with respect to the amount of overflow water.

In addition, if you want to stop water intake by the water intake tube 1, lift the frame 14 using the lifting mechanism,
The gasket 10 provided at the lower end of the water intake tube 1 is brought into close contact with the inclined part 12 of the inner tube 2 to seal it, eliminating water leakage from the gap G, and keeping the opening at the top of the water intake tube 1 close to the water level H ₁ on the primary side. By locating it higher up and stopping overflow from the upper opening of the water intake tube 1, water intake can be stopped.

Since the present invention is configured and operates as described above, it has the following effects.

(1) A water intake pipe with open upper and lower ends is vertically slidably inserted into the outer side of the inner cylinder supported by a support member installed in the water tank or drain pipe, and this water intake pipe is connected to a float that moves up and down according to changes in the water level in the water tank, so the water intake tube does not receive buoyancy due to the water pressure of the water in the tank, and therefore the external force acting on the water intake tube that moves up and down with the float can always be kept constant.

(2) Since there is no packing between the water intake cylinder and the inner cylinder as in the conventional case, when the water intake cylinder slides against the inner cylinder, the frictional resistance is extremely small and its size can be kept almost constant.

(3) As a result of (1) and (2) above, the overflow water depth h is kept constant, and therefore the overflow water amount can always be kept constant regardless of changes in the H ₁ and H ₂ water levels, and therefore the quantitative amount water becomes possible.

(4) When performing the quantitative water diversion, the inner tube is connected to the opening of the drain pipe via a skirt made of rubber material so as to be movable in the horizontal direction, and the support member follows the movement of the inner tube. Since it is movable, when a horizontal load is applied to the _water intake tube due to sudden changes in the water level, the inner tube into which the water intake tube is inserted can be moved horizontally by the expansion and contraction of the skirt. The sliding surface of the inner cylinder and the water intake cylinder is caused to wear due to the load by moving in the direction of
It is possible to prevent damage from occurring and ensure smooth sliding of the water intake tube at all times.

The invention described above can be used in various applications, such as when distributing a fixed amount of water from a main agricultural canal to a secondary canal regardless of the main and secondary water levels, or when supplying a fixed amount of sewage to a filtration device for filtering sewage. Can be used for metered water supply.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

1, 2, and 3 are longitudinal cross-sectional views showing the main parts of a conventional quantitative water distributing device, FIG. 4 is a vertical cross-sectional view of a quantitative water dividing device according to the present invention, and FIG. ―
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along line V, and FIG. 6 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of essential parts showing another embodiment of the support portion of the inner cylinder. 1... Water intake cylinder, 2... Inner cylinder, 3... Bush, 4... Drain pipe, 5... Skirt, 6... Holding plate, 7... Hanging hole,
8... Cable, 9... Air vent hole, 10... Packing, 1
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1... Presser plate, 12... Inclined part, 30... Elastic plate.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1 A drain pipe with an opening facing upward is provided in the aquarium, and an inner cylinder with open upper and lower ends is placed in the opening of the drain pipe to allow horizontal movement via a skirt made of rubber material, making it watertight. and supporting this inner cylinder by a supporting member that is movable in accordance with the movement of the inner cylinder in the water tank or drain pipe, and having a play gap on the outside of the inner cylinder. A quantitative water distribution device characterized in that a water intake tube with open upper and lower ends is slidably inserted vertically, and the water intake tube is connected to a float that moves up and down according to changes in the water level in the water tank.