JP7276729B2 - Water supply and drainage control device for managing rainwater storage in farmland - Google Patents

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a farmland water storage control device for rainwater and irrigation water, and a control method thereof for dealing with meteorological disasters such as heavy rain.

In recent years, under abnormal weather conditions, paddy fields and fields in rural areas have been frequently damaged by various weather factors, such as flooding and flooding due to heavy rain, low temperature damage such as humidity damage and cold weather damage, high temperature damage, and wind damage. is a problem. In order to deal with these weather disasters, administrative agencies, farmers and local residents need to promote countermeasures. Agriculture is a beneficial industry for local communities because it contributes to the stabilization of agricultural production and the mitigation of local disaster risks by maximizing the water storage function of agricultural land.

In order to improve agricultural production, techniques for constantly managing the water level of farmland at a constant level by meticulous water supply management have been proposed as in Non-Patent Documents 1, 2, and 3. These managements are optimal for agricultural production, but there is little room to store rainfall, and the current situation is that all rainfall is drained during rainfall and heavy rainfall, and the water storage function of farmland cannot be demonstrated. Therefore, it is required to strengthen the rainwater storage function of farmland to control the outflow of wastewater from the farmland and reduce the risk of disasters such as flooding in the basin.

JP 2017-51137 A Utility Model Registration No. 3198990

Issued in March 2008 Guide for underground irrigation using centralized control holes http://www. sorachi. pref. hokkaido. lg. jp/ss/tks/grp/panfu. pdf Issued on June 19, 2009 Manual for stable production of soybeans by groundwater level control system (FOEAS) http://www. naro. affrc. go. jp/publicity_report/publication/files/naro-se/daizufoeas. pdf Development of Underground Irrigation System "FOEAS", Authors: Tsuneo Onodera (Paddy Research Institute), Shinsaku Fujimori (Agricultural Engineering Research Institute), Gaku Tanimoto (Agricultural Engineering Research Institute), Title: Research Presentation at the Tohoku Branch of the Japan Society of Agricultural and Civil Engineers Abstracts Volume: 47th Pages: 33-36, Published: October 29, 2003

As a countermeasure for farmland water storage control to avoid weather disasters, there is an initiative to construct a rice paddy dam. For example, Patent Literature 1 and Patent Literature 2 aim to delay the outflow of rainfall from a paddy field to a drainage channel, thereby alleviating a rise in the water level of a downstream river. However, if the water level of the farmland is not managed at a low level by water supply management before rainfall, drainage from the farmland will flow out immediately after the rainfall, and the water level at the ditch will be linked to the farmland. , the water level on the farmland rises faster due to the shrinkage of the outlet, and the resulting increase in the gradient of the water conveyance cancels out the effect of reducing the amount of runoff due to the shrinkage of the outlet. In addition, a structure that cannot manage the upper limit of the water level by simply reducing the exit may cause uncontrolled outflow of wastewater such as overflow from unexpected farmland ridges, which may cause flooding of roads. be. For this reason, the conventional technology is not a sufficient countermeasure. It must be a device that maximizes the time it takes to reach a permissible amount of water by gradually draining water other than underground infiltration, which is essential for water storage control of farmland, according to the rise in water level. In addition, the technical method must be strengthened in order to make the rainfall storage function of farmland, etc. manifest without any trouble, and the conventional technology does not meet the requirements.

Concrete techniques for irrigation and drainage of such agricultural land include the following. Underdrain drainage, which is often installed in land improvement projects, and auxiliary culverts that enhance its function, are generally covered by the Land Improvement Project Plan Design Standard Plan supervised by the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries Structural Improvement Bureau "Field Development" and "Underdrain Drainage", Procedures for improvement, standard construction methods, and standards for construction necessary for "irrigation water (paddy fields)" are indicated, and there are necessary facilities based on them. The new technology also needs to be a device adapted to these.

However, according to the above conventional technology, it is assumed that it will be introduced in public works, etc., and it is expensive. , there was a problem in the ease of technology introduction. In addition, public works projects do not address these issues and are not essential countermeasures. At present, we do not have a device that continues to store water other than underground seepage, which is essential for water storage control of agricultural land, for a long period of time, and drains water when the allowable storage amount is exceeded. In addition, sufficient technical methods have not been provided for the rainfall storage function of agricultural land, etc. to be exerted without the need for labor, and social demands have not been met. In addition, there were issues such as cost and labor for implementation.

In view of the above-described current situation, the present invention relates to a farmland water storage control device for rainwater and irrigation water, and a control method therefor, which can cope with weather disasters such as heavy rain. In more detail, in agricultural land such as paddy fields and fields and water storage facilities, in order to respond to various weather disasters such as flooding and flooding caused by heavy rain, low temperature damage such as humidity damage and cold weather damage, high temperature damage, wind damage, etc. It is an object of the present invention to provide a drain basin and a drain outlet water level adjuster capable of controlling the water level by a adjusting plate, and a water supply/drainage management device equipped with these for managing rainwater storage in farmland.

In order to achieve the above objects, the present invention provides the following configurations. Numerals in parentheses are reference numerals in the drawings, which will be described later.
- One aspect of the present invention is a waterfall outlet water level regulator ( 50) and
The water fall port (40) with a float type water level adjuster,
It comprises an annular member forming an upper surface, a main water outlet (46) which is a cavity vertically penetrating the center of the upper surface, and a downwardly open float pipe (44) around it, and the downwardly open surface of the annular member is exposed to the water surface. a downwardly open float (41) for generating buoyancy in contact with
a lower open float connection pipe (42) fixedly arranged outside the lower open float pipe (44) and slidably holding the lower open float pipe (44);
The lower open float (41) is formed with a locking projection (45) at the lower end of the lower open float tube (44),
The lower opening float connection pipe (42) has a float control valve (42) at its upper end that limits the vertical operating range of the lower opening float (41) by engaging with the locking projection (45). 43) is formed,
By adjusting the buoyancy of the downwardly open float (41), water flows into the main water outlet (46) according to the relationship between the position of the upper surface of the downwardly open float (41) and the water level. It is characterized by being able to
- in the above aspect, a falling water pipe (52) connected to the lower end of the downwardly open float connecting pipe (42);
Impermeable plates (51, 54) for storing water in paddy fields or farmlands, which have through-holes to which said falling water pipes (52) are connected, and which are installed in said falling basins (71, 72) in a vertical direction or in an inclined direction. and
The water flowing in and down from the water fall port (40) with a float type water level adjuster passes through the water fall pipe (52) and through-holes of the impermeable plates (51, 54) to the water fall basins (71, 72). characterized by entering
- in the above aspect, a falling water pipe (52) connected to the lower end of the downwardly open float connecting pipe (42);
Flow control plates (56, 57, 58) and
The flow regulating plates (56, 57, 58) are formed by notching a plate in a predetermined shape from the upper end thereof, and the flow regulating plates (56, 57, 58) extend to the lower end position of the notched shape. ) acts as a water shield, drains the amount of water corresponding to the notched shape for water levels higher than that, and
The flow control plate (56) is composed of a single plate, or is composed of an upper flow control upper plate (57) and a lower flow control lower plate (58) which are superimposed and slidable. It is characterized by
- In the above aspect, the flow control plate (56, 57, 58) is characterized in that the thickness of the plate is varied in the vertical direction and the surface is inclined.
- Another aspect of the present invention is a catch basin (71, 72) installed on the drainage side of a paddy field or farmland for receiving drainage from the paddy field or farmland, comprising the above-mentioned fallwater level regulator (50) with
The impermeable plates (51, 54) or the flow rate adjusting plates (56, 57, 58) are arranged in front of the falling water basins (71, 72),
Further, the flow control plate (56, 57, 58) is arranged in a vertical or inclined frame formed in the basin (71, 72).
- in the embodiment of the fallingwater basin, if said flow control plate consists of an upper flow control upper plate (57) and a lower flow control plate (58) slidable on top of each other,
Installation slide guide grooves (76, 77) for sliding the upper flow control upper plate (57) and the lower flow control lower plate (58), respectively, are formed in the drop basin (72). Characterized by
- Yet another aspect of the present invention is a structure for installing the above-mentioned falling water basins (71, 72) on a ridge,
It has an insert-type falling plate (73, 75) that is used by inserting it into a part of the ridge (81) excavated, and the insert-type falling plate (73, 75) is
Plates (73a, 75a) whose lower part is an inverted triangle and whose upper part is a square,
A U-shaped water channel member (73b) provided along the edge of a rectangular cutout formed in the central portion of the upper side of the rectangular plate and formed with a U-shaped angle, or a constant along the edge of the cutout a U-shaped channel member (75b) formed with a depth and an inclined U-shaped angle;
It is characterized in that the water fall port water level adjuster (50) of the water fall basins (71, 72) can be inserted into any of the U-shaped angles.
- Yet another aspect of the present invention is a water supply and drainage management device installed in a paddy field or farmland surrounded by a ridge (81) and a ridge (82) on the side of an irrigation canal,
It is characterized in that the above-mentioned falling water basins (71, 72) are installed on the ridge (81).
- A method of making a flow control plate (56, 57, 58) provided in the above-described water outlet water level adjuster (50), comprising:
preparing a cutting line painting auxiliary plate (60) by drawing a painting line (61) indicating the line to be cut on the plate (63);
and a step of cutting and forming the flow control plates (56, 57, 58) along the coating line (61) from the cutting line coating auxiliary plate (60).

According to the present invention, in the drain outlet water level adjuster and the drain basin on the drainage side, the amount of drainage corresponding to the water level rise due to rainfall is controlled by various float-type or slit-type flow rate adjustment plates that can be installed at the drain outlet of the paddy field. . As a result, the drainage outflow control and storage functions are demonstrated, and when the water level of the paddy field rises during heavy rain, the drainage from the paddy field is reduced to an appropriate amount while minimizing the drainage. At the same time, the amount of wastewater is gradually increased as the water level of the paddy field rises, but the water storage function of the paddy field is also exerted, delaying the peak of drainage. When torrential rain continues for a long period of time, the water storage function of paddy fields is maximized while the amount of rainfall is drained. The water storage function is demonstrated, and the amount of drainage is adjusted according to the water level that has decreased during and after the rainfall period. In paddy fields, there is floating garbage such as straw, so appropriate water storage and drainage management can be realized by the function of naturally overflowing and removing garbage, or draining water deeper than the floating surface of garbage.

In particular, the drain basin, which can control the water level with a plurality of shaped flow rate adjustment plates, automatically adjusts the amount of drainage water according to the rise in the water level of the paddy field due to rainfall, and exhibits the function of delaying the drainage of the paddy field. By combining each device, it is possible to provide a water supply and drainage management device for rainwater storage management of farmland that realizes water management that makes the most of rainfall, and can increase the degree of freedom of water management equipment compared to conventional technology.

Achieving water management that makes the most of rainfall The water supply and drainage management device for managing rainwater storage in farmland significantly reduces the amount of peak drainage discharged from paddy fields, enabling drainage in a short period of time after rainfall. Long-term less wastewater and long-term water storage function. In addition, by arranging water inlets and outlets in consideration of water quality and water temperature, when service water of poor quality is supplied, it can be removed appropriately and quickly so as to minimize the area to which the water is supplied.

As a result, it is possible to increase the degree of freedom of water management equipment compared to conventional technology, improve the water storage function of more farmland, effectively utilize rainwater resources, be resistant to weather disasters, and achieve high productivity. It can contribute to the creation of excellent farmland.

FIG. 4 is a side view showing the configuration of the downwardly open float of the present invention; FIG. 4 is a plan view showing the configuration of the operating fulcrum of the water supply device of the present invention and the lower open type float position adjusting strut. FIG. 2 is a side view, front view, and top view of the component configuration of the water shut-off and water supply amount adjusting lid for water supply and drainage of the present invention and the appliance. It is the figure which looked at the operation|movement condition of the water-shielding and water-supply amount adjustment apparatus for water supply and drainage of this invention from the front and above. It is the figure which looked at the operation|movement condition of the water-shielding and water-supply amount adjustment apparatus for water supply/drainage of this invention from the front. It is the figure seen from the upper part and the front of the installation example of the water-blocking and water-supply-amount adjustment apparatus for water supply and drainage of this invention. FIG. 4 is a view showing the water supply basin part and the float structure displacement sensing type water supply device part of the present invention; FIG. 4 is a view of screw fasteners and pin fasteners for attaching and detaching the downwardly open float strut and the operating fulcrum of the water supply device actuating strut of the present invention. It is the figure which showed the structure of the water supply part installed in the open channel type irrigation channel of this invention. It is the figure which showed the structure of the water supply part installed in the open channel type irrigation channel of this invention. FIG. 2 is a top view of the structure of the water fall opening with a float type water level adjuster of the present invention; FIG. 4 is a view showing the operation of the water fall opening with a float type water level adjuster of the present invention; FIG. 10 is a view showing an operation state when the water fall port with a float type water level adjuster and the water fall port water level adjuster of the present invention are installed in the water drop basin; FIG. 10 is a view showing an operation state when the water fall port with a float type water level adjuster and the water fall port water level adjuster of the present invention are installed in the water drop basin; FIG. 10 is a view showing an operation state when the water fall port with a float-type water level adjuster and the water fall port water level adjuster of the present invention are installed in a water drop basin for an inclined plate; FIG. 10 is a view showing an operation state when the water fall port with a float-type water level adjuster and the water fall port water level adjuster of the present invention are installed in a water drop basin for an inclined plate; FIG. 4 is a view showing a flow rate adjusting plate of the water-falling water level adjuster of the present invention; FIG. 4 is a view showing a flow rate adjusting plate of the water-falling water level adjuster of the present invention; FIG. 4 is a diagram of a manufacturing method using a cutting line coating auxiliary plate for the flow rate adjusting plate of the water-falling water level adjuster of the present invention; FIG. 4 is a diagram of the flow rate adjusting plate of the water-falling water level adjuster of the present invention when it is installed in the water-falling basin for the inclined plate; FIG. 4 is a diagram of the flow rate adjusting plate of the water-falling water level adjuster of the present invention when it is installed in the water-falling basin for the inclined plate; FIG. 10 shows an example of a fallout water level regulator with a beveled surface in the thickness of the plate of the present invention; FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an example of a falling basin for multiple vertical plates according to the present invention; FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an example of a falling basin for multiple vertical plates according to the present invention; FIG. 10 is a view showing an example of an insert-type falling plate and an insert-type falling plate for multiple plates of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a view showing an example of a box-type water level adjustment plate for an insertion type falling water plate of the present invention; FIG. 4 is a projection view showing an installation example of the plug-in type falling board of the present invention; It is a figure which shows the installation example of the water-supply pit part in the water-supply-and-drainage management apparatus for the rainwater storage management of the farmland of this invention, and a drainage trough. It is the top view which showed the example of installation, such as a water-supply pit part and a drop-down pit, to the field of this invention. It is the graph which showed the example of the result at the time of installing a water-supply pit part, a drainage pit, etc. to the agricultural field of this invention.

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
With reference to FIG. 28, an overview of the overall configuration of the water supply and drainage management system of the present invention will be described.
The water supply and drainage management device is a device installed in the farm field 89 to manage rainwater storage in the farmland. The water supply and drainage management device has a water supply basin 90 and a float structure displacement sensing type water supply unit 30 on the water supply side of the field 89 . A catch basin 70 and a drainage channel 85 are provided on the drainage side of the field 89 . A culvert 84 is installed in the basement of the paddy field 83 extending between the water supply side and the drainage side.

<Configuration of water supply side>
First, the configuration on the water supply side will be described. As shown in FIG. 7, the main components on the water supply side are the water supply basin 90 and the float structure displacement sensing type water supply unit 30 . The configuration of the float structure displacement sensing type water supply unit 30 will be described. First, the downwardly open float 10, which is the main component of the float structure displacement-sensing type water supply unit 30, will be described.

As shown in FIG. 1, the downwardly open float 10 has a structure with an upper surface and side members and an open lower part. The downwardly open float 10 generates a buoyant force F by setting the side surface height A to the float internal dimension height A1 or the float internal dimension height A2, or by adjusting the width B of the upper surface. The open float volume D can be adjusted. As a result, it is possible to adjust the volume DA1 of the downwardly open float with the internal float height A1 or the volume DA2 of the downwardly open float with the internal float height A2.

The open bottom float 10 can generate a buoyancy F with a sealed structure that prevents air and liquid from leaking from the top and sides. In a general closed type float, when a liquid such as water enters the gas portion, the buoyancy F is reduced, and unless the liquid is removed, the buoyancy cannot be recovered, and the recovery of the buoyancy is substantially impossible. On the other hand, in the downwardly open float 10, when the gas volume of the downwardly open float volume D is reduced and the liquid volume is increased, the buoyant force F is reduced. When the float 10 is lifted into the air, the volume D of the downwardly open float returns to its maximum, and the buoyancy F can be easily recovered by contacting the water surface again.

A downwardly open float position adjustment strut 11 is installed on the top surface of a downwardly open float (hereinafter sometimes referred to as “float”) 10 to transmit the buoyant force F upward. When a lower open type float position adjustment strut (hereinafter referred to as "position adjustment strut") 11 is passed through the upper surface of the float 10, the float is required to maintain airtightness between the upper surface of the penetrating part and the position adjustment strut 11. A fixture 12 for fixing 10 and the position adjustment support 11 is installed. As a result, the position adjusting strut 11 can be vertically slid with respect to the float 10 and fixed at an arbitrary position. Therefore, the position of the upper end of the position adjustment column 11 with respect to the water surface can be easily changed to C1 when retracted or C2 when extended. Since the buoyancy F of the float 10 can be transmitted by the position adjustment column 11 , the combined structure of the float 10 and the position adjustment column 11 can be used as the water level manager 1 .

FIG. 2 shows the water supply system 13 which is a basin connected to the upper end of the underdrain control hole riser 86 . The water supply device 13 has a water level manager 1 which is a combination of the float 10 and the position adjustment strut 11 , a water supply device operating strut 15 and a water supply device 16 . The float 10 floats on the water surface in the water supply system 13 communicating with the control hole riser 86 of the underdrain. The water supply device operating support 15 shown in FIG. 2 has the operating support 14 of the water level adjusting support 11 at its tip. The tip of the water supply device operating column 15 can be easily attached to and removed from the upper end of the position adjusting column 11 by the operating fulcrum screw type fastener 14F or the operating fulcrum pin type fastener 14G shown in FIG. Thereby, the buoyancy F of the float 10 can be transmitted to the water supply device 16 such as a ball tap. Thereby, it is possible to operate and control the start and stop of water supply corresponding to the vertical movement of the water level of the paddy field with respect to the set management water level.

As shown in FIG. 2, the other end of the water supply device 16 is connected to a solenoid valve or water blocking device 17 arranged outside the water supply device 13, and the water supply hose is connected via a water quality and temperature sensor 18 with a timer. 19 is connected to one end. The water supply hose 19 is connected to a service water supply pipe 87 shown in FIG.

FIG. 3 shows a water supply/drainage shut-off and water volume adjustment lid 20 that can be used in the water supply/drainage shut-off and water volume adjustment fixture 29 shown in FIG.

As shown in FIGS. 3(a) and 3(b), the water supply/drainage impermeable and water volume adjusting lid 20 has a substantially disk-shaped pressing plate 21. As shown in FIGS. The push plate 21 has on one side a conical conical pressure transmission surface 23 with a height of up to 2 cm. On the back surface 24 of the pressing plate 21, inclined cuts 24a are formed at positions within half the radius from the left and right circumferences. The pair of slanted cuts 24a, 24a are left-right symmetrical slanted surfaces for pressure generation, respectively, cut from left and right parallel arcs toward the circumference to positions where the thickness of the push plate 21 remains at an appropriate thickness.

Further, an operation rod 22 is attached to the back surface 24 of the push plate 21 of the water supply/drainage water shut-off and water volume adjustment lid 20 . The operating rod 22 has a length that passes through the center of the circle on the back surface 24 of the push plate 21 and protrudes from the circumference, and extends parallel to the arc of the slanted cut 24a. The operating rod 22 is a handle for operating the water supply/drainage shut-off and water volume adjustment lid 20 .

As shown in FIG. 3(2)(e), the water supply/drainage impermeable and water volume adjusting lid 20 is inserted into the water supply/drainage water supply adjustment plate 25 shown in FIG. 3(c). The water supply/drainage water shut-off/water volume adjusting plate 25 has two parallel L-shaped water supply/drainage water shut-off/water volume adjusting lid guides 26 at a position slightly wider than the diameter of the push plate 21 of the water supply/drainage shut-off/water volume adjusting lid 20. are placed facing each other. Between the pair of guides 26, the water supply/drainage shut-off and water volume adjustment cover 20 can be inserted. A circular water supply port 27 penetrates through the center of the water supply adjustment plate 25 for water supply and drainage. The diameter of the water supply port 27 is smaller than the diameter of the push plate 21 of the water supply/drainage impermeable and water volume adjusting lid 20 .

FIGS. 4(a) to 4(d) show how to operate the water supply/drainage water shut-off and water volume adjusting lid 20 shown in FIG. 3 when water shut-off. The water supply/drainage impermeable and water volume adjusting lid 20 is installed with the front surface 23 of the push plate 21 facing the paddy field. First, the water supply/drainage impermeable and water volume adjusting lid 20 is slid vertically to align with the water supply port 27 of the water supply/drainage adjustment plate 25 at an appropriate position. Then, at that position, the operating rod 22 of the water supply/drainage impermeable and water volume adjusting lid is rotated left or right to an appropriate angle. As a result, the guide 26 of the water supply adjustment plate 25 and the left and right inclined cuts 24a of the back surface 24 of the water supply/drainage water shut-off and water volume adjustment lid 20 come into contact with each other at the contact portions 28, and are pressed against each other by the elasticity of the material. The water and water amount adjusting lid 20 are fixed by supporting them with pressure. When this pressure is applied in the direction of the water supply adjustment plate 25, the water supply adjustment plate 25 is The push plate 21 is fitted in the position where the water supply port 27 of the water supply port 27 is most accommodated, and the water can be blocked.

FIGS. 5(a) and 5(b) show how to operate the water supply/drainage impermeable and water volume adjusting lid 20 shown in FIGS. First, the water supply/drainage impermeable and water volume adjusting lid 20 is vertically slid to be arranged at an arbitrary position of the guide 26 of the water supply/drainage adjustment plate 25 . Then, at that position, the operating rod 22 of the water supply/drainage impermeable and water volume adjusting lid is rotated left or right to an appropriate angle. As a result, the guide 26 of the water supply adjustment plate 25 and the left and right inclined cuts 24a of the back surface 24 of the water supply/drainage water shut-off and water volume adjustment lid 20 come into contact with each other at the contact portions 28, and are pressed against each other by the elasticity of the material. The water and water amount adjusting lid 20 are fixed by supporting them with pressure. As a result, the water supply port 27 of the water supply adjustment plate 25 for water supply and drainage can be opened to an arbitrary size to adjust the amount of water supply.

FIGS. 6(a) and 6(b) show another embodiment of the water supply/drainage impermeable and water volume adjusting lid 20 and the water supply/drainage water supply adjustment plate 25 of FIG. 3(2)(e). A tubular water supply port 27 is integrated with the water supply adjusting plate 25 for water supply and drainage and the guide 26 . The cylindrical water supply port 27 can be inserted and connected to an existing pipe or water supply/drainage port. Further, FIGS. 6(c) and 6(d) show still another embodiment. In this example, a water supply port 27 is arranged on a planar water supply adjustment plate 25 made of concrete, wood, or resin, and a guide 26 is fixed with a screw or an adhesive. In this case, the water supply/drainage impermeable and water volume adjusting lid 20 can be retrofitted at any desired position.

FIG. 7 shows the water basin portion 90 and the float structure displacement sensing water supply device portion 30 . A water level controller 1, which is a combination of a downwardly open water level adjusting float 10 and a position adjusting strut 11, is connected to the operating fulcrum 14 of the position adjusting strut 11, and the water level controller 1 is connected to the water supply fixture 16 via the water supply fixture operating strut 15. Up and down motion can be transmitted.

In the water supply device box 2 , water is supplied to the water supply fixture 16 from the water supply pipe 87 for industrial water through the auxiliary water supply valve 35 . Water is supplied or stopped from the water supply fixture 16 into the water supply device box 2 according to the vertical movement of the water level sensed by the water level controller 1 . The water in the water supply basin 2 automatically flows to the underdrain control hole riser 86 . Further, automatic water supply to the paddy field is controlled from the water supply device box 2 through the water supply port 36 in which the water supply/drainage shut-off and water volume adjusting device 29 is installed.

Further, by manipulating the main water supply valve 34, it is possible to supply water to the paddy field by using a general water supply alone or in combination with the automatic control of the float structure displacement sensing type water supply unit 30.

Agricultural water generally uses water from rivers and lakes. Therefore, it is necessary to prevent the residue of organisms and plants, garbage, earth and sand, etc. from flowing into the pipe of the underdrain 84 from the riser pipe 86 for the control hole of the underdrain. For this reason, in the partition portion between the tank in which the main water supply valve 34 is arranged and the tank in which the riser pipe 86 for the control hole of the underdrain is arranged, the passage of garbage is restricted to the lower part of the water supply equipment installation plate 31, and the water is A water supply network or water supply slit 32 through which the water passes is arranged. The water supply device installation plate 31 and the water supply network or water supply slit 32 have the role of suppressing turbulence of water flow due to water supply and preventing bubbles from flowing into the control hole riser pipe 86 of the underdrain and impeding water flow.

In addition, by installing a water supply main valve 34 and a sedimentation tank 33 in which garbage, earth and sand accumulate in the tank on the side where the water supply port 36 on the paddy field side is arranged, these deposits are deposited on the side of the paddy field. Make it easier to eject. Garbage and the like can be removed from the sedimentation tank 33 manually using tools such as augers and shovels.

Furthermore, in the float structure displacement sensing type water supply unit 30, a water quality and water temperature sensor with a timer that can measure the electrical conductivity that can evaluate the salinity concentration of the service water and weather disasters such as cold weather damage that can be evaluated on the water supply hose 19 as needed. 18 are installed in a way that is easy to connect and disconnect. The timer-equipped water quality and water temperature sensor 18 can be operated directly or manually through wired or wireless communication as required. With the water quality and water temperature sensor 18 with timer, for example, set values such as electrical conductivity 2.0, 1.0, 0.5, 0.3, 0.1 mS / cm, temperature 15 to 20 degrees Celsius A setpoint or a setpoint such as 35 degrees or greater can be set. In particular, the electromagnetic valve or water blocking device 17 can be operated at any time or time range, such as water intake at night from 3:00 am to 8:00 am, water intake at high temperature, or set values of temperature conditions. In this way, water supply management based on water quality and time is made possible in accordance with the water level management by the water level controller 1.例文帳に追加

FIG. 8 shows a configuration example of a connecting portion between the operating fulcrum 14 at the upper end of the lower open type float position adjusting column 11 and the tip of the water supply equipment operating column 15 . With the operation fulcrum screw type fastener 14F or the operation fulcrum pin type fastener 14G, the upper end of the position adjustment strut 11 and the tip of the water supply device operation strut 15 are rotatably connected, and the structure is such that they can be easily attached and detached. It's becoming

FIG. 9 shows a configuration example in which the water supply/drainage impermeable and water volume adjusting device 29 of FIG.

FIG. 10 shows that, in the configuration example of FIG. 9, a water supply device 16 such as a tap is further connected to the outlet of the water supply port 36 on the paddy field side, and the tip of the water supply device operating strut 15 extending from the water supply device 16 and the bottom open type float position. It connects with the operating fulcrum 14 at the upper end of the adjustment post 11 . By transmitting the vertical movement of the water level manager 1 by the downwardly open float 10, the supply and stop of the water supply fixture 16 can be controlled. The water level controller 1 is located within the water supply management frame 3 and may be provided with a water supply network or a water supply slit 32 in order to reduce the obstruction of operation by dust such as straw. As a result, it is possible to appropriately supply water to the paddy field with the minimum necessary amount of water.

<Construction on the drainage side>
Next, the configuration on the drainage side will be described. As shown in FIG. 13, the main components on the drain side include a water fall outlet water level adjuster 50 and a water fall basin 70 equipped with the same. The configuration of the falling water level adjuster 50 will be described. First, the water fall port 40 with a float type water level adjuster, which is a main component of the water fall port water level adjuster 50, will be described.

FIG. 11 shows a configuration example of a water fall port 40 with a float type water level adjuster. The water inlet 40 with a float-type water level adjuster has a downwardly open float 41 for the water inlet that has the same function as the downwardly open float 10 described above. The downwardly open float 41 has an upper annular member, a main water outlet 46 which is a through hole in the center of the upper surface, side members on the outer side of the upper surface, and side members 44 of the main water outlet 46 . There is a cavity that is open at the bottom under the top annular member.

When the side member on the outside of the upper surface and the lower end of the side member 44 of the main water outlet 46 are brought into contact with the water surface, the cavity surrounded by them becomes a sealed structure that does not leak air or liquid, and buoyancy is generated. The water-drop opening 40 with a float-type water level adjuster can have a circular shape (A), a rectangular shape (B), a triangular shape (C), or the like in plan view. The side member of the main water outlet 46, which is a water passage hole, constitutes a downwardly open float pipe 44 for the water outlet. At the lower end of the downwardly open float tube 44, one or a plurality of locking projections 45 are formed which are arranged in the circumferential direction and protrude radially outward.

On the other hand, a downwardly open float connection pipe 42 is installed underwater. A portion near the lower end of the downwardly open float pipe 44 is inserted into a portion near the upper end of the downwardly open float connecting pipe 42 . A float control valve 43 is formed at the upper end of the downward opening type float connecting pipe 42 . The float control valve 43 is engageable with the locking projection 45 of the downwardly open float pipe 44 and positioned above the locking projection 45 . Due to the barbed structure of the float control valve 43, the vertical operating range of the downward opening float tube 44 is limited. Within its operating range, the lower opening float tube 44 can slide relative to the lower opening float connection tube 42 .

The downwardly open float tube 44 can change the downwardly open float volume D by adjusting the height of the side surface and the area of the top surface. For example, the downwardly open float volume D1 in (e) and (f) of FIG. 11, and the downwardly open float volume D2 in (g).

By adjusting the buoyancy of the downwardly open float 41 with the downwardly open float volume D1 in FIGS. can be set to be as small as possible. In FIG. 11(e), the float rises with the water level.

As shown in FIG. 11(G), when the water level rises further after the downwardly open float 41 rises to the highest point, the water overflows from the upper surface of the float and flows into the main water outlet 46 at the center of the float. can be made By adjusting the buoyancy of the downwardly open float 41 with the downwardly open float volume D2 in FIG. It can be set to allow water to flow into and out of the water drop port 46 .

As shown in FIG. 12, the water fall port 40 with a float type water level adjuster adjusts the buoyancy of the downwardly open float 41 by the downwardly open float volume D3, so that when the float rises from the lowest position of the float, The water level is set to an arbitrary height on the side of the float, and water flows in through the gap between the outside of the downwardly open float pipe 44 of the downwardly open float 41 and the downwardly open float connection pipe 42 that holds the pipe. can be made to flow down. As a result, obstruction of water flow by dust or the like can be avoided.

FIG. 13 shows the falling water level regulator 50 and the falling basin 70 . The water fall outlet water level adjuster 50 has the water fall outlet 40 with the float type water level adjuster shown in FIGS. The water fall port 40 with a float type water level adjuster is connected to a vertical impermeable plate 51 via a water fall pipe 52 connected to the lower end of a downwardly open float connection pipe 42 . The vertical impermeable plate 51 is held by being installed in a vertical plate falling basin 71 that is the main body of the falling basin 70 . Through openings drilled in the vertical impermeable plate 51, the falling water pipes 52 and the vertical plate falling basins 71 communicate with each other.

The downwardly open float volume D2 is set so that the water always overflows from the upper surface of the float of the float-type water level regulator-equipped water outlet 40 and flows into the downwardly open float main water outlet 46 at the center of the float and flows down. . This makes it possible to control the amount of drainage and the water depth of the paddy field. When it rains, the water level of the paddy field is allowed to rise to a certain water depth, and when the movable upper limit of the lower open type float 41 is reached, the drainage becomes stronger, and the drainage strength can be adjusted according to the stage.

As shown in FIG. 14(a), the water fall port water level adjuster 50 has the lowest adjusted water level WE1 when the water fall port 40 with the float type water level adjuster is at the lowest position, and the downward open type float 10 is at the highest position. The adjusted water level WE2 reached is set to the highest adjusted water level WE3 of the vertical impermeable plate 51 of the water fall port water level adjuster 50. Any of these water level adjustable positions are exemplary.

Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 14(a), below the falling water level adjuster 50 to which the water falling port 40 with the float type water level adjuster is connected, a downward adjusting plate 53 for the vertical impermeable plate of the falling water level adjuster 50 is provided. is added and layered. As shown in FIG. 14(b), by sliding the vertical impermeable plate 51 of the water-fall water level adjuster 50 upward, the positions WE1′, WE2′, and WE3′ at which the water level of the paddy field can be easily adjusted. can do.

FIG. 15 shows another example of a falling water level regulator 50 for storing water in a paddy field. In this example, the water fall port 40 with a float type water level adjuster is connected to the inclined impervious plate 54 of the water fall port water level adjuster 50 via a water drop pipe 52 . The slanted impermeable plate 54 is installed in a slant-plate-use falling basin 72 that is the main body of the falling basin 70 that holds the water-falling port water level adjuster 50 . The volume D2 of the downwardly open float is set so that the water always overflows from the upper surface of the float 40 with a float type water level adjuster and flows into the downwardly open float main water outlet 46 at the center of the float. ing. By doing so, it is possible to control the amount of drainage and the water depth of the paddy field. When it rains, the water level of the paddy field is allowed to rise to a certain water depth, and when the movable upper limit of the lower open type float 41 is reached, the drainage becomes stronger, so that the drainage strength can be adjusted according to the stage.

Water pressure P is applied obliquely to the inclined impermeable plate 54 and the downward adjusting plate 55 for the inclined impermeable plate of the water inlet water level adjuster 50 corresponding to the falling water basin 72 for the inclined plate. Since the combined pressure of the water pressure P2 is applied, it works to suppress the deviation between the inclined impermeable plate 54 of the water inlet water level adjuster 50 and the lower adjusting plate 55 for the inclined impermeable plate.

As shown in FIG. 16(a), the water fall outlet water level adjuster 50 has the lowest adjustment water level WE1 when the water fall outlet with float type water level adjuster 40 is at the lowest position, and the downward open type float 10 is at the highest position. The regulated water level WE2 reached is set to the regulated water level WE3 at the highest part of the inclined impermeable plate 54 of the water inlet water level adjuster. Any of these water level adjustable positions are exemplary.

Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 16(b), a downward adjustment plate 55 for inclined impermeable plate additionally superimposed on the lower part of the water fall port water level adjuster 50 to which the water fall port 40 with the float type water level adjuster is connected, The water shielding plate 54 can be slid upward. This facilitates adjustment of the positions WE1', WE2', and WE3' where the water level of the paddy field can be adjusted.

FIGS. 17 and 18 show an example of the flow control plate 56 of the water outlet water level adjuster 50. FIG. The flow rate adjusting plate 56 is installed on the front surface or inside of the basin 70 . Water is stored in the paddy field by the flow rate adjusting plate 56, and drainage is realized while adjusting the amount of water according to the rise of the water level during rainfall. It acts as a water shield to store water up to the adjusted water level WE4. Adjusted water levels WE5, WE6, and WE7 exemplified as water levels higher than the adjusted water level WE4 are located in the flow-rate-adjusting molding drainage section 59, which is a space for draining an assumed amount of water. The flow rate adjusting molded drainage part 59 is formed by notching the flow rate adjusting plate 56 in a predetermined shape from the upper end thereof. The notched shape is a square groove, a square groove whose width changes from the middle, a circular cavity, a groove where a circular cavity is combined with a square or triangular weir above it, a triangular weir and a triangular weir with an angle from the middle. There are grooves of various shapes, such as a variable groove, a groove with a triangular weir that forms an arc in the middle, and a groove with a triangular weir at the bottom and a square at the top. There is a case where the flow rate adjusting plate 56 of the water inlet water level adjuster 50 is one sheet, and a case where a lower flow rate adjusting lower plate 58 is added to an upper flow rate adjusting upper plate 57 and two plates are stacked. When two plates are stacked, the water level can be changed by sliding the flow control top plate 57 with various grooves.

FIG. 19 shows an example of the manufacturing process of the flow rate adjusting plate 56 shown in FIGS. 17 and 18. FIG. From the cutting line coating auxiliary plate 60, the flow rate adjusting plate 56 of the water outlet water level adjuster 50 is produced. First, a plate 63 made of various materials that can be formed into a plate shape by itself, mixture, or multiple layers is prepared. soil, gypsum, rock wool or glass wool, resins such as urethane, and organic substances. Next, a coating line 61 is drawn on the plate 63 for easy cutting and molding of the flow rate adjusting plate 56 with a cutting tool 66 such as an electric saw or a saw. Painting lines 61 corresponding to various flow control plates 56 can be painted and marked with a spray paint 64, a marker or pen 65, a painting brush, or the like. The coating line 61 has a slit shape with a gap. The cutting line coating auxiliary plate 60 is cut from the plate 63 and molded. In some cases, the cutting line painting auxiliary plate 60 has a handle 62 that can be easily installed, fixed, and removed by a person who paints and marks.

FIG. 20 illustrates various shapes of the flow control plate 56 shown in FIGS. 17 and 18. FIG. For example, it can be arranged in front of the falling basin 72 for the inclined plate. In addition, it can be easily arranged in the vertical plate drop basin 71 shown in FIG. 14 or other basins. In addition, when the flow rate adjustment plate 56 is divided into the flow rate adjustment upper plate 57 and the flow rate adjustment lower plate 58, the adjusted water levels WE4, WE7 and the adjusted water levels WE4', WE7' can be easily adjusted by overlapping and sliding each other. can be adjusted.

FIG. 21 illustrates the falling basin 72 for the inclined plate. The inclined plate falling basin 72 has an installation slide guide groove 77 arranged on the upper surface with the flow rate adjusting lower plate 58 of the falling water level adjuster 50 inclined downward on the front side, and the falling water level adjuster 50 inside the slide guide groove 77 . An installation slide guide groove 76 is formed to incline the flow rate adjustment upper plate 57 and arrange it on the lower side without any gap. The flow control plate 56 can also be arranged in the installation slide guide groove 76 . The water level of the paddy surface can be adjusted by sliding the flow rate adjusting upper plate 57 up and down. The water pressure increases the water impermeability.

22, the thickness of the vertical impermeable plate 51 or 51' is changed in the vertical direction so that the surface is inclined. The longitudinal section has a trapezoidal shape with a thinner upper portion and a thicker lower portion. By transmitting the water pressure P as the horizontal water pressure P1 and the vertical water pressure P2, there is an effect of preventing the falling off from the frame. This cross-sectional shape can be similarly applied to the vertical impermeable plate 51 or 51', or the flow rate adjusting plate 56, the flow rate adjusting upper plate 57, and the flow rate adjusting lower plate 58.

FIG. 23 shows a drop basin 71' for multiple vertical plates, and FIG. 24 shows a drop basin 72' for multiple inclined plates. The multiple vertical plate drop basin 71' is an application form of the vertical plate drop basin 71 (FIG. 14) in which the vertical impermeable plate 51 is arranged in front, and the multiple inclined plate drop basin 72' is an inclined impermeable plate. This is an application form of the sloping plate falling basin 72 (FIG. 16) in which the 54 is arranged in a slanted state in front. In addition to the vertical impermeable plate 51 and the inclined impermeable plate 54 on the front surface of each of the plurality of vertical plate falling basins 71' and the plurality of inclined plate falling basins 72', a flow rate adjusting plate 56 is also arranged in the basin. There is a vertical or slanted frame for By arranging the flow rate adjusting plate 56 of the falling water level adjuster 50, the adjusting water levels WE4, WE5, WE6 and WE7 can be set.

FIG. 25 shows an example of an insert-type falling board that is used by inserting it into a ridge. The drop-in board 73 or multi-board drop-in board 75 has a square cut-out from the center of the top of the square portion of the inverted triangular bottom and square top base plate 73a, 75a. The plug-in water drop plate 73 has a U-shaped channel member 73b provided along its cutout and formed with a U-shaped angle. The multi-plate insert-type falling water plate 75 has a U-shaped water channel member 75b provided with a certain depth arranged vertically. It is arranged in a heavily slanted fashion from top to bottom towards the front.
The water level can be adjusted by inserting the water inlet water level adjuster 50 and the box-type water level adjusting plate 74 for the drop-in type into the guide of the U-shaped angle. When installing on a ridge, a portion of the ridge is excavated narrower than the width of the board, and a drop-in plate is inserted to cut off the water, and it is used as a drain port to adjust the water level of the paddy field.

FIG. 26 shows an example of a box-type water level adjustment plate 74 for a drop-in type drop plate. The box-shaped water level adjusting plate 74 for the insertion type falling water plate is installed on the front surface of the water dropping basin 70 or the insertion type falling water plate 73 or on the frame inside the basin. As a result, water is stored in the paddy field, and the amount of water is adjusted according to the rise in the water level during rainfall. The box type water level adjusting plate 74 for the insertion type falling water plate has a square opening in the center of the upper side of the square plate and a box with an open upper surface on the back side is attached. A circular cavity of a predetermined size or various shapes of cavities are formed at the bottom of the back surface of the box to control the amount of drainage.

FIG. 27 shows an installation state of an insert-type falling board 73 or an insert-type falling board for multiple boards 75 on a ridge. When installing a drop-in board, a part of the ridge is excavated narrower than the width of the board, and the board is inserted to cut off the water, and it will be used as a drop-off to adjust the water level of the paddy field.

FIG. 28 shows an installation example of the water supply basin 90 and the drop basin 70 in the water supply/drainage management device 80 for managing rainwater storage in farmland. The water supply and drainage management device 80 is installed in a paddy field or farmland surrounded by a ridge 81 and a ridge 82 on the irrigation channel side. A water supply basin 90 is installed on the ridge 82 on the side of the irrigation channel, and a drop basin 70 is installed on the ridge 81. - 特許庁

<Overall composition>
FIG. 28 shows some examples of the water supply basin 90. As shown in FIG.
In the first example, the float structure displacement sensing water supply unit 30 is a device that supplies water from the water supply pipe 87 for industrial water. The float structure displacement sensing water supply unit 30 senses whether the water level rises or falls and automatically activates the hydrant. The water supply device box 2 includes a water supply and drainage water blocking and water volume adjustment device 29 (Fig. 3), a water supply main valve 34 (Fig. 7), a water supply pipe 87 for industrial water, and, if necessary, a riser pipe 86 (Fig. 7) is installed. In order to adjust the water level in the water supply device box 2 and the amount of water supplied to the paddy field to maintain a predetermined water depth, the float structure displacement sensing type water supply device unit 30 that supplies and adjusts water from the water supply pipe 87 for industrial water is used to adjust the water level. Detects the up and down of the water tap and automatically activates the water tap. The water supply pit 90 supplies water to the control hole riser pipe 86 of the underdrain as necessary, and adjusts the amount of water supplied to the surface of the field through the underdrain 84 to control the water depth to a predetermined level. If the water supply pit 90 does not have the underdrain control hole riser 86, the amount of water supplied to the paddy field is adjusted through the water supply port 36 (FIG. 7) to maintain a predetermined water depth.

In the second example, the water supply device 13 (FIG. 2) adjusts the water level in the water supply device 13 and the amount of water supplied to the paddy field to maintain a predetermined water depth. The float structure displacement-sensing type water supply unit 30 to be adjusted senses the rise and fall of the water level and automatically activates the water faucet. If necessary, water is supplied to the control hole riser 86 of the underdrain to adjust the amount of water supplied to the paddy field through the underdrain 84 to control the water depth at a predetermined level.

In the third example, the water supply basin 90 adjusts the water supplied from the open channel type irrigation channel 37 (FIG. 9) by the water supply/drainage impermeable and water volume adjusting device 29, and the float structure displacement sensing type water supply unit 30 senses the rise and fall of the water level and automatically activates the hydrant to manage the water depth at a predetermined level.

One or a plurality of water supply basins 90 in each of the examples described above can be installed.

The water drop basin 70 shown in FIG. 28 is installed by selecting the water drop basin 71 for the vertical plate, the water drop basin 72 for the inclined plate, the insertion type water drop plate 73, or the insertion type water drop plate 75 for multiple plates. Furthermore, a suitable falling water level adjuster 50 is used. The water level can be adjusted by inserting a suitable bayonet dropboard box type leveling plate 74 into each waterfall level adjuster 50 .

FIG. 29 shows an arrangement example of each device or facility in a water supply and drainage management device 80 for managing rainwater storage in farmland. In a farm field 89 surrounded by a ridge 81, a water supply pit 90, an underdrain control hole riser 86, a drain pit 70, and an underdrain pit 88 are installed corresponding to the arrangement of the culvert 84 and the drainage channel 85. It can be arranged freely as shown in (J). The underdrain control hole riser 86 can additionally be fitted with a float structure displacement sensing water supply unit 30 having a service water supply pipe 87 .

Unnecessary equipment may not be installed. In the arrangement where the water supply and drainage of (f) to (j) are adjacent, when there is inappropriate water supply such as service water containing salt or low temperature or high temperature water, these inappropriate water supply or water supply for water Unsuitable water remaining in the pipe 87 can be drained without affecting the entire paddy field. Each device and facility can be additionally installed to the existing field.

Examples of the present invention and comparative examples are shown below. For convenience of explanation, reference numerals used in the drawings may be used.

[Example 1]
The test results of the float structural displacement sensing type water supply unit 30 equipped with the downwardly open float 10 in the water supply unit 2 of the present invention are shown.
Test site: 216 Kamiohoromukaicho, Iwamizawa-shi, Hokkaido Hokkaido Research Organization Central Agricultural Experiment Station Iwamizawa Experimental Gulai soil field Apparatus for supplying water from the water supply pipe 87 for water supply by a pressurized pipeline, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 9 When the float structure displacement sensing type water supply unit 30 supplied water to the field from the control hole riser pipe 86 of the underdrain, the water level rose to a predetermined level and then the water supply amount from the float structure displacement sensing type water supply unit 30 gradually decreased. After about 10 minutes, the set water level was detected, and the ball tap type hydrant was automatically activated to stop the water supply.
In addition, when the water level dropped, it was confirmed by recording with a fixed-point camera that takes pictures in one minute that water supply started.

[Example 2]
A falling water level adjuster that is a water falling port 40 with a float type water level adjuster using an inclined water impermeable plate 56 and a lower adjusting plate 55 for the inclined water impervious plate in the water falling basin 72 for the inclined plate of the present invention. 50 is shown in FIG.
Test location: Local field in Yoshiki, Chikushino City, Fukuoka Prefecture Paddy field adjacent to Comparative Example 2 Rainwater storage function is exhibited, and the amount of drainage from the paddy field tends to decrease during periods when there is a lot of drainage from the paddy field. It was confirmed that the water storage function is enhanced.

[Example 3]
Test result of the falling water level adjuster 50, which is the falling water outlet 40 with the float type water level adjuster, using the inclined impermeable plate 56 of the falling water level adjuster in the water falling basin 72 for the inclined plate of the present invention Test location: Tsukuba, Ibaraki Prefecture City Kannondai
Paddy field field of Rural Engineering Research Division, NARO Paddy field field adjacent to Comparative Example 3 , Water cut-off of paddy fields can be properly performed without adhering the sloped water drop basin 72 to the sloped water-impermeable plate 56 of the water-falling water level adjuster, and the water level of the paddy field can be managed by the inclination of the water-falling water level adjuster. It can be easily managed by sliding the impermeable plate 56. - 特許庁

[Example 4]
Test results of water level control using the flow rate adjusting plate 56 of the water fall outlet water level adjuster of the present invention Test location: Water fall portion connected to the drainage channel of the field adjacent to the hill of Rubeshibe, Biei Town, Hokkaido Figure 17 at the water fall portion of the drainage channel (C) When the flow rate adjusting plate 56 of the falling water level adjuster described in (C) is installed, waste water is temporarily stored in the falling water portion, the water level is kept constant, and the flow rate of the waste water is stabilized. The soil accumulation effect was obtained, and the effect of suppressing rapid drainage outflow and soil runoff was confirmed.

[Example 5]
Test results regarding the water supply performance and water resistance of the water supply and drainage water shielding and water volume adjusting device 29 using the circular water supply and drainage water shielding and water volume adjustment lid 20 and the water supply and drainage water supply adjusting plate 25 of the present invention Test location: NARO Rural Engineering In the water supply section of the paddy field of the research department, a circular water supply and drainage water shielding and water volume adjustment cover 20 and a water supply and drainage water shielding and water volume adjustment device 29 using a water supply and drainage water supply adjustment plate 25 are installed. When a water supply test to a field was conducted by setting a position where a predetermined amount of water was supplied by the circular water supply/drainage impermeable and water volume adjustment lid 20, The amount of water supply can be adjusted, and the function of adjusting the amount of water supply was confirmed.

[Comparative Example 1]
Test site: Hokkaido Research Organization Central Agricultural Experiment Station Iwamizawa test site Paddy field soil conditions: Gley soil In the management of supplying water from the riser pipe 86 for the control hole of the normal underdrain to the field, the water supply pipe 87 for water supply by the filter pressurized pipeline is used. The water inlet of the main water supply valve 34 connected to the water supply main valve 34 is connected to the riser pipe 86 for the control hole of the underdrain with a PVC pipe, and the water supply operation is performed by opening and closing the main water supply valve 34 by a person. Human management was essential.

[Comparative Example 2]
A falling water level adjuster that is a water falling port 40 with a float type water level adjuster using an inclined water impermeable plate 56 and a lower adjusting plate 55 for the inclined water impervious plate in the water falling basin 72 for the inclined plate of the present invention. FIG. 30 shows the results of a test performed using a normal water outlet as a comparison of the test results obtained by the test method No. 50.
Test location: Local field in Yoshiki, Chikushino City, Fukuoka Prefecture Paddy field adjacent to Example 2 Since rainwater flows directly into the drainage, there is more drainage from the paddy field during rainy seasons than in Example 2, and the rainwater storage function was confirmed to be low.

[Comparative Example 3]
Ordinary water management is performed as a target of the falling water level adjuster 50, which is the water falling hole 40 with a float type water level adjuster using the inclined impermeable plate 56 of the water falling water level adjuster in the water falling basin 72 for the inclined plate of the present invention. Test location: Kannondai, Tsukuba City, Ibaraki Prefecture
A paddy field at the Rural Engineering Research Institute, NARO
Paddy fields in the vicinity of Example 3 When the water level was adjusted by attaching a plate of a certain height to the water outlet for draining water from the paddy field, the water level adjustment board was changed each time the water fell or when the water depth was changed. , removal and re-installation were performed, which was a labor-intensive work compared to the third embodiment.

[Comparative Example 4]
Test results of water level control using the flow rate adjusting plate 56 of the water fall outlet water level adjuster of the present invention Test location: Water fall portion connected to the drainage channel of the field adjacent to the hill of Rubeshibe, Biei-cho, Hokkaido Fig. 17 (C) Before installing the flow rate adjusting plate 56 of the falling water level regulator described above, there is no function to store water in the falling water part, and in rainy weather, drainage flows out according to the amount of rainfall, becoming muddy water and flowing out. It promoted runoff, and rapid drainage runoff and soil runoff were confirmed.

[Example 6]
In order to compare the water supply performance and water impermeability of the water supply and drainage water shielding and water volume adjusting device 29 using the circular water supply and drainage water shielding and water volume adjustment cover 20 and the water supply and drainage water supply adjusting plate 25 of the present invention Test when these are removed Result Test place: Water supply section of paddy field in Rural Engineering Research Division, NARO Water supply and drainage water shielding and water amount using circular water supply and drainage water shutoff and water volume adjustment lid 20 and water supply and drainage water supply adjustment plate 25 in water supply part of paddy field After removing the part where the adjusting device 29 was installed, a water supply test to the field was carried out, and all the water from the irrigation water flowed in, confirming the necessity of the water supply and drainage water shutoff and the water amount adjusting device 29.

From the above, according to the present invention, there are various kinds of non-powered water level adjusting devices having an open bottom float structure and adding a water level adjusting function by sensing the buoyancy of water, a control box to which the device can be attached, and a support for it. Alternatively, farmland that can achieve water management that makes the most of rainfall, such as a water volume control device with a circular impermeable plate that directly controls from an open channel, a water drop basin that can control the water level with various flow rate adjustment plates, and a water drop plate that can be easily added. A plumbing control device is provided for rainwater catchment management in a city. As a result, a water supply and drainage management device for managing rainwater storage in farmland that can realize water management that makes the most of rainfall is realized.

A Float internal height A1 Float internal height 1
A2 Float inner dimension height 2
B Float inner dimension width C Float strut C1 When float strut is contracted C2 When float strut is extended D Lower open type float volume DA1 Lower open type float volume when float inner dimension height is 1 DA2 Float inner dimension lower when height 2 Open float volume D1 Lower open float volume Example 1
D2 Lower open float volume example 2
D3 Lower open float volume example 3
F buoyancy F1 buoyancy 1
P Water pressure P1 Lateral water pressure P2 Vertical water pressure WE Adjusted water level WE1 Adjusted water level example 1
WE2 Adjusted water level example 2
WE3 Adjusted water level example 3
WE1' Adjusted water level example 1'
WE2' Adjusted water level example 2'
WE3' Adjusted water level example 3'
WE4 Adjusted water level example 4
WE5 Adjusted water level example 5
WE6 Adjusted water level example 6
WE7 Adjusted water level example 7
1 Water level controller 2 Water supply device box 3 Water supply device frame 10 Lower open type float 11 Lower open type float position adjustment strut 12 Lower open type float position adjustment strut fixture 13 Water supply device 14 Operating fulcrum of lower open type float position adjustment strut 14F Operation fulcrum screw type fastener 14G Operation fulcrum pin type fastener 15 Water supply device operation column 16 Water supply device 17 Solenoid valve or water blocking device 18 Water quality and water temperature sensor with timer 19 Water supply hose 20 Water blocking and water volume adjustment lid for water supply and drainage 21 Water supply and drainage Water shut-off and water volume adjustment lid push plate 22 Water supply and drainage water shut-off and water volume adjustment lid operating rod 23 Water supply and drainage water shut-off and water volume adjustment lid push plate conical pressure transmission surface 24 Water supply and drainage water shut-off and water volume adjustment lid pusher Back surface 25 with symmetrical inclined surface for pressure generation of plate Water supply adjustment plate 26 Water supply / drainage water blocking and water volume adjustment lid guide 27 Water supply port 28 of water supply / drainage water supply adjustment plate Operation of water supply / drainage drainage water blocking and water volume adjustment lid Contact part 29 where water supply/drainage water shut-off and water volume adjustment lid guide part and lid back surface contact and are suppressed by material elasticity Water shut-off and water volume adjustment device 30 Float structure displacement sensing water supply Apparatus 31 Water supply equipment installation plate 32 Water supply network or water supply slit 33 Sedimentation tank 34 Water supply main valve 35 Water supply auxiliary valve 36 Water supply port 37 Open channel type irrigation channel 40 Water fall port 41 with float type water level adjuster Bottom open type float 42 Bottom open type Float connection pipe 43 Lower open float connection pipe float control valve 44 Lower open float pipe 45 Lower open float pipe Float control valve 46 Lower open float main water fall port 50 Water fall port water level adjuster 51 Vertical impermeable plate 52 Falling water pipe 53 Lower adjusting plate 54 for vertical impermeable plate Inclined impermeable plate 55 Lower adjusting plate for inclined impermeable plate 56 Flow rate adjusting plate 57 Flow rate adjusting upper plate 58 Flow rate adjusting lower plate 59 Line painting auxiliary plate 61 Painting line 62 Handle 63 Plate 64 Spray paint 65 Marker or pen 66 Cutting instrument 70 Water drop basin 71 Water drop basin for vertical plate 71' Multiple water drop basin for vertical plate 72 Water drop basin for inclined plate 72' Multiple Water drop basin for sloping plate 73 Insertion type water drop plate 74 Box type water level adjustment plate for water drop plate 75 Insertion type water drop plate for multiple plates 76 Installation slide guide groove for the flow rate adjustment plate and the flow rate adjustment upper plate of the water fall port water level adjuster 77 Installation slide guide groove for flow rate adjustment lower plate of falling water level regulator 80 Water supply and drainage management device 81 Ridge 82 Irrigation channel side ridge 83 Field surface 84 Underdrain 84H Underdrain narrow pipe 84I Underdrain middle pipe 84J Underdrain thick pipe 85 Drainage channel 86 Underdrain Control hole rising pipe 87 Water supply pipe 88 Underdrain dam 89 Field 90 Water supply pit

Claims (9)

A water fall outlet water level adjuster (50) having a water fall outlet (40) with a float type water level adjuster and held by a water drop basin (71, 72) installed on the drainage side of a paddy field or farmland,
The water fall port (40) with a float type water level adjuster,
It comprises an annular member forming an upper surface, a main water outlet (46) which is a cavity vertically penetrating the center of the upper surface, and a downwardly open float pipe (44) around it, and the downwardly open surface of the annular member is exposed to the water surface. a downwardly open float (41) for generating buoyancy in contact with
a lower open float connection pipe (42) fixedly arranged outside the lower open float pipe (44) and slidably holding the lower open float pipe (44);
The lower open float (41) is formed with a locking projection (45) at the lower end of the lower open float tube (44),
The lower opening float connection pipe (42) has a float control valve (42) at its upper end that limits the vertical operating range of the lower opening float (41) by engaging with the locking projection (45). 43) is formed,
By adjusting the buoyancy of the downwardly open float (41), water flows into the main water outlet (46) according to the relationship between the position of the upper surface of the downwardly open float (41) and the water level. A falling water level regulator, characterized in that it can a falling water pipe (52) connected to the lower end of the downwardly open float connection pipe (42);
Impermeable plates (51, 54) for storing water in paddy fields or farmlands, which have through-holes to which said falling water pipes (52) are connected, and which are installed in said falling basins (71, 72) in a vertical direction or in an inclined direction. and
The water flowing in and down from the water fall port (40) with a float type water level adjuster passes through the water fall pipe (52) and through-holes of the impermeable plates (51, 54) to the water fall basins (71, 72). 2. The falling water level regulator of claim 1, wherein the outlet water level regulator enters the . a falling water pipe (52) connected to the lower end of the downwardly open float connection pipe (42);
Flow control plates (56, 57, 58) and
The flow regulating plates (56, 57, 58) are formed by notching a plate in a predetermined shape from the upper end thereof, and the flow regulating plates (56, 57, 58) extend to the lower end position of the notched shape. ) acts as a water shield, drains the amount of water corresponding to the notched shape for water levels higher than that, and
The flow control plate (56) is composed of a single plate, or is composed of an upper flow control upper plate (57) and a lower flow control lower plate (58) which are superimposed and slidable. The falling water level regulator according to claim 1, characterized in that: 4. The falling water level regulator according to claim 3, characterized in that the flow control plate (56, 57, 58) has a sloped surface with the thickness of the plate varying in the vertical direction. A falling water basin (71, 72) installed on the drainage side of a paddy field or farmland to receive drainage from the paddy field or farmland, wherein the waterfall outlet water level adjuster (50) according to any one of claims 2 to 4. with
The impermeable plates (51, 54) or the flow rate adjusting plates (56, 57, 58) are arranged in front of the falling water basins (71, 72),
A further catch basin, characterized in that said flow control plates (56, 57, 58) are arranged in vertical or inclined frames formed in said catch basin (71, 72). When the flow control plate is composed of an upper flow control upper plate (57) and a lower flow control lower plate (58) which are superimposed and slidable,
Installation slide guide grooves (76, 77) for sliding the upper flow control upper plate (57) and the lower flow control lower plate (58), respectively, are formed in the drop basin (72). 6. Falling basin according to claim 5. A structure for installing the falling water basin (71, 72) according to claim 5 or 6 on a ridge,
It has an insert-type falling plate (73, 75) that is used by inserting it into a part of the ridge (81) excavated, and the insert-type falling plate (73, 75) is
Plates (73a, 75a) with an inverted triangle at the bottom and a square at the top,
A U-shaped water channel member (73b) provided along the edge of a rectangular cutout formed in the central portion of the upper side of the rectangular plate and formed with a U-shaped angle, or a constant along the edge of the cutout a U-shaped channel member (75b) formed with a depth and an inclined U-shaped angle;
An installation structure for a catchment basin, wherein the catchment mouth water level adjuster (50) of the catchment basin (71, 72) can be inserted into one of the U-shaped angles. A water supply and drainage management device installed in a paddy field or farmland surrounded by a ridge (81) and a ridge (82) on the side of an irrigation channel,
7. A water supply and drainage management device, wherein the basin (71, 72) according to claim 5 or 6 is installed on the ridge (81). A method for manufacturing a flow rate adjusting plate (56, 57, 58) provided in the water outlet water level adjuster (50) according to claim 3 or 4,
preparing a cutting line painting auxiliary plate (60) by drawing a painting line (61) indicating the line to be cut on the plate (63);
and a step of cutting and forming the flow rate adjusting plates (56, 57, 58) from the cutting line coating auxiliary plate (60) along the coating line (61). .

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