JPS62158965A - Changeover valve gear - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Technical Field The present invention relates to a switching valve device for an air conditioner such as a roomier conditioner.

<Prior Art> A conventional example will be described using a four-way solenoid valve among various flow path switching valves as an example. The conventionally used four-way switching valve 1 basically switches the direction of the flow of refrigerant from the compressor from the indoor heat exchanger 2 to the outdoor exchanger 3 in the cooling cycle, and also switches the flow direction of the refrigerant from the indoor heat exchanger 2 to the outdoor heat exchanger 3 in the heating cycle. Switching from the outside heat exchanger 3 to the indoor heat exchanger 2 is used to cool or heat the room. Generally, the structure of a switching valve is as shown in Figures 8 and 9, with a sealed cylindrical valve body 4. A high-pressure gas connection pipe connected to the discharge pipe of the compressor 5 is provided at one end of the circumferential surface, and a low-pressure refrigerant connection pipe S connected to the suction pipe of the compressor @5 is provided at the other end of the circumference. A connecting pipe E connecting to the indoor heat exchanger 2 and a connecting pipe C connecting to the outdoor heat exchanger 3 are arranged in parallel on both sides to form the connecting pipe.

S, E, and C are each opened into the cylindrical valve body 4, and the open ends of the parallel connecting pipes S, E, and C are flush with the longitudinal axis direction of the valve body 4, and are connected to the valve body by a valve seat 6. It is fixed at 4.

Further, inside the valve body 4, there is provided a cross section that slides in the longitudinal direction on the opening surface of the valve seat 6 and selectively connects the connecting pipe S and the connecting pipe E, or the connecting pipe S and the connecting pipe C. An inverted U-shaped slide valve 7 is installed inside the slide valve 7, and the slide valve 7 is connected to a piston body 8°9 disposed on both sides thereof by a connecting plate 20, and is a sealing member that seals the end face of the valve body 4. 10 and the piston body 8, and the sealing member 11 and the piston body 9 on the other side.
Capillary tubes 12 and 13 for selectively introducing high-pressure gas or low-pressure gas are connected to the space R2 between the two, and a low-pressure gas capillary tube 14 is provided in the connecting tube S. The capillary tubes 12, 13, 14 communicate with the small needle valve spaces R3, R4 and in between.

Now, the high pressure gas discharged from the compressor 5 passes through the connecting pipe, through the small holes provided in the piston bodies 8 and 9, and into the space R1.
, R2. At this time, when the coil 15 is not energized, the needle valve 16 seals the space R4 by the spring 17, and the needle valves 19 on the opposite side facing each other via the pin 18 open, and the small space R3 is released. Therefore, the pressures in the space R1 and the small space R4 are high, and the pressure in the space R2 is low, and this pressure difference causes the piston bodies 8, 9 to move toward the space R2. At this time, the sliding valve 7 is similarly moved by the connecting plate 20, and the flow paths of the connecting pipes E and S are brought into communication. At this time, the cycle is in the cooling state.

When the coil 15 is energized, its excitation force moves the needle valves 16 and 19 in the opposite direction.

Therefore, the piston bodies 8 and 9 move in the direction of the space R1, and the flow path of the connecting pipe C1S is communicated by the sliding valve 7, resulting in a heating cycle state. However, during operation, the coil 15 must be continuously energized.

The above is the operating principle of the conventional four-way switching solenoid valve.As shown in the figure, it has a very complex and elaborate structure, and has about 60 to 70 parts, making it an expensive solenoid valve. .

In addition, due to the principle of using the difference between high and low pressures, when switching to defrosting during heating operation, the system switches after the pressure difference in the circuit is balanced to a certain extent in order to prevent abnormal noises during operation. has become common due to user needs, but the disadvantage of this method is that when the outside air becomes cold, the pressure difference becomes too small and the pressure difference necessary for switching cannot be maintained and the switching cannot be removed. The current situation is that this is occurring.

<Objective> An object of the present invention is to provide a switching valve device that is capable of easily and accurately switching the flow path of a heat medium and that can greatly reduce the number of parts.

<Example> Hereinafter, an example of the present invention will be explained based on a rotary set four-way switching valve device for an air conditioner shown in FIGS. 1 to 7. A valve box having a plurality of fluid flow paths formed on each side thereof, a valve element rotatably installed inside the valve box, a permanent magnet attached to the valve element, and a permanent magnet disposed outside the valve box. The number of permanent magnets is one or more, the number of electromagnets of the electromagnet is set to be larger than the number of permanent magnets, and the rotation angle of the valve element is set to be equal to the rotation angle of the valve element. The angle between the center and the adjacent electromagnets is set to be smaller than the angle between the center and the adjacent electromagnets, and the magnetic poles of the adjacent electromagnets are different.

A first connecting pipe that communicates one side of the compressor 5 with a non-magnetic hollow cylindrical valve box A, and the other side of the compressor 5 and the valve box A.
A second connecting pipe S that communicates with the indoor heat exchanger 2 (evaporator) and the valve box A, a third connecting pipe E that communicates the indoor heat exchanger 2 (evaporator) with the valve box A, the outdoor heat exchanger 3 (condenser), and the valve box A valve 21 for communicating the first connecting pipe or the second connecting pipe S and the third connecting pipe E or the fourth connecting pipe C. A permanent magnet 22 is rotatably installed in the valve box A, a permanent magnet 22 is attached to the valve element 21, and two electromagnets 23 and 24 that are attached to or repel the permanent magnet 22 are attached to the valve box A. It is provided.

The first connecting pipe S communicates with the discharge pipe attached to the compression fi5, and the second connecting pipe S communicates with the suction pipe attached to the compressor 5, and the second connecting pipe S communicates with the suction pipe attached to the compressor 5. One side and one side of the outdoor heat exchanger 3 are capillary tubes 24
It is communicated via

The second connecting pipe S, the third connecting pipe E, and the fourth connecting pipe C are installed at right angles to the bottom wall A1 of the valve box A, and are arranged in parallel with the second connecting pipe S narrowed in between. It is opened into the valve box A. Further, the first connecting pipe is the top wall A of the valve box A.
2 and is opened into the valve body A.

Further, the three-cylindrical electromagnet 23.
An outer cylinder 25 with a U-shaped cross section and an open inner side containing a magnet 24 is fitted and fixed on the outside, and as shown in FIGS.
．． 24 is arranged in a direction with the center angle of the valve box A being β.

Furthermore, guide protrusions 27 which are rectangular in plan view and project into the interior of the valve box A are formed at the lower inner circumference of the valve box A, and the guide protrusions 27 are arranged at mutually opposing positions (180° intervals). Ru.

Further, the valve element 21 is formed to have approximately the same diameter as the inner diameter of the valve case A, and has a height approximately half of the inner space of the valve case A, and the outer periphery of the valve element 21 is provided with the guide. A pair of guided grooves 21a, 21a are formed to fit into the protrusion 27, and each of the wave guide grooves 21a, 21a has a length of about 1/4 of the circumference of the valve box A. . and each guided groove 21a.

The angle connecting both ends of 21a and the center of the valve element 21 is smaller than the angle β (α1 in the figure). The lower surface of the valve element 21 is brought into contact with the back surface of the bottom wall A1, thereby forming a communication space R5 above the valve element 21.

Further, on the lower surface of the valve element 21, the double wave guide groove 21a,
21a, and the third connecting pipe E.
Or an arc-shaped first communication recess 26A for communicating with the fourth connection pipe C, and an arc-shaped second communication recess 26B for communicating the second connection pipe S with the third connection pipe E or the fourth connection pipe C. A through hole 21b passing through the valve element 21 is formed at one end of the first communicating portion 26A.

The outer surface of the permanent magnet 22 is made to match the curvature of the outer periphery of the valve element 21, and is positioned on the same curved surface as the outer periphery of the valve element 21, midway between the communicating parts 26A and 26B. It is embedded in the valve 21.

In the figure, 23a and 24a are magnetic pole generating parts of the electromagnet 23.

Next, to explain the operation, the high pressure gas (thermal medium) discharged from the compressor 5 now flows into the communication space R5 through the first connecting pipe, and passes through the through hole 21b formed in the valve element 21. The fourth connecting pipe C enters the valve box A from the outdoor heat exchanger 3 → the capillary tube 24 → the indoor heat exchanger 2 → the third connecting pipe E, and connects the second communicating portion 26B formed in the valve element 21. Then, it is sucked into the compression W15 from the second connecting pipe S. At this time, Benko 21
The lower surface of is pressed against the open ends of the second, third, and fourth connecting pipes S, E, and C arranged in parallel by a high-pressure bus from the first connecting pipe.

This state is the cooling cycle, and the state of the valve 21 in the valve box A is as shown in FIG. In addition, the electromagnet 2 shown in the figure
The magnetic pole generating portions 23a and 24a of No. 3 are simply attracted to the permanent magnet 22 with no current applied to the electromagnet 23. It goes without saying that a minute current or the like may be applied to the electromagnet 23.

Next, switching to the heating cycle will be explained with reference to FIG. When the electromagnet 23 is instantaneously (approximately 0.5 seconds) energized (current is passed in the opposite direction to that used during cooling) to change the magnetic pole, for example, the inner magnetic pole generating portion 23a of the electromagnet 23 facing the permanent magnet 22 becomes permanently Same N as the outer pole (N pole) of magnet 22
It becomes a pole and becomes a repulsive state. Further, since the inner magnetic pole generating portion 24a of the electromagnet 24 adjacent to the electromagnet 23 becomes an S pole, the valve element 21 momentarily rotates clockwise by an angle a due to the torque generated thereby. At this time, α is β, and when β is converted to the length on the circumference of the valve 21, it becomes the length of the guided grooves 21a, 21a (α#α1), so that the guide protrusion 27 is 21a, serves as a stopper for the rotation of the valve element 21 by coming into contact with one end surface of the valve element 21a. Then, the high pressure gas discharged from the compressor 5 enters the space R5 from the first connecting pipe, and the through hole 21b of the first communication recess 26A→
It passes through the third connecting pipe E, the indoor heat exchanger 2, the capillary tube 24, the outdoor heat exchanger 3, the fourth connecting pipe C, and is sucked into the compressor 5 through the second communication section 26B.

As mentioned above, in addition to easily and accurately switching the heat medium flow path, there is no need for pressure differences or continuous energization during heating operation, and the structure of the switching valve is extremely simple, compared to conventional methods. It is possible to provide a switching valve device as a rotary electromagnetic valve that is simple to manufacture and extremely inexpensive, reducing the number of 60 to 70 parts to about 10.

In addition, as another embodiment, as shown in FIG. 7, two electromagnets 28, 29 are provided opposite to the electromagnets 23, 24 of the above embodiment, so that a total of four electromagnets 23, 24, 28, 29 magnetic poles are provided. Conversion may be performed to switch between cooling and heating cycles. In this case, the generation of strong torque makes it possible to switch between the cooling and heating cycles more reliably. The other configurations are the same as those of the above embodiment.

<Effects> As is clear from the above description, the present invention provides a valve box in which a single fluid flow path is formed on the minus side and a plurality of fluid flow paths are formed on the other side, and a valve box that is rotatably installed inside the valve box. the valve body, a permanent magnet attached to the valve body, and an electromagnet whose magnetic pole is changeable arranged outside the valve body, the permanent magnet being one or more, and the electromagnet of the electromagnet being The number of permanent magnets is set to be larger than the number of permanent magnets, and the rotation angle of the valve element is set to be smaller than the angle formed between the rotation center of the valve element and the adjacent electromagnet. It is related to.

Therefore, according to the present invention, the heat medium can easily and accurately flow with a simple configuration in which the electromagnet is energized and the torque generated when the electromagnet is tripped or repelled by the permanent magnet installed in the valve box is used. It has the excellent effect of being able to switch paths and significantly reducing the number of parts.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a plan view of the switching valve device of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a side view thereof, FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view thereof, FIG. 4 is a partial sectional view showing the cooling cycle, and FIG. The figure is a partial sectional view showing the heating cycle, FIG. 6 is a circuit diagram of the entire air conditioner, FIG. 7 is a partial sectional view of a switching valve device showing another embodiment, and FIG. 8 is a conventional one. FIG. 9 is a side view showing a partial cross section of the solenoid valve of the air conditioner, and FIG. 9 is a circuit diagram as well. A: Valve box, C: Fourth connecting pipe, D: First connecting pipe, E: Third connecting pipe, S: Second connecting pipe, 2: Indoor heat exchanger, 3: Outdoor heat exchanger, 5: Compression Machine, 21: Valve, 21a: Guided groove, 22.22a: Permanent magnet, 23.24: Electromagnet. 25
: Outer cylinder.

Claims (1)

[Claims] A valve box having a single fluid flow path on one side and a plurality of fluid flow paths on the other side, a valve rotatably installed inside the valve box, and a permanent magnet attached to the valve. and an electromagnet whose magnetic pole is changeable arranged outside the valve box, the number of permanent magnets being one or more, the number of electromagnets of the electromagnet being set to be larger than the number of permanent magnets, and the number of permanent magnets being set to be larger than the number of permanent magnets. A switching valve device characterized in that the rotation angle of the valve element is set to be smaller than the angle formed between the rotation center of the valve element and the adjacent electromagnet.