JPS62147088A - Rotary compressor - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To secure a rapid pressure drop on a low pressure side port which becomes a driving force for opening a high pressure valve by providing a cylindric a high pressure valve which can close both of high pressure side outlet and inlet ports simultaneously on one end face while which can close a low pressure side port on the other end face. CONSTITUTION:A high pressure side inlet port 72 is always connected into an enclosed container 51, a high pressure side outlet port 74 is always connected to a discharge pipe 73, and a low pressure side port 76 is directly connected to the low pressure chamber 61 of a compression chamber 60 by means of a pressure introducing passage 79. And, a cylindrical high pressure valve 77 can simultaneously close the high pressure side inlet port 72 and the high pressure side outlet port 74 on one end face, while it can close the low pressure side port 76 on the other end face. Thereby, the pressure drop of the low pressure side port 76 which becomes the driving force for opening the high pressure valve 77, can be carried out securely and in a very short time. Accordingly, it is possible not only to obtain a stable valve opening operation but also to improve machining accuracy and assembling property, improving productivity.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of Industrial Application The present invention relates to a rotary compressor used in refrigeration equipment such as refrigerators and showcases.

Conventional technology In systems that cool the inside of a refrigerator by cycling a compressor, when the system is stopped, the high-temperature refrigerant that exists on the high-pressure side of the system flows into the low-pressure cooler, creating a heat load, which reduces the power consumption of the system. The amount increases. In order to prevent this phenomenon, a technique has been proposed in which the refrigerant passages on the low-pressure side and high-pressure side are closed in the compressor when the compressor is stopped.

The conventional rotary compressor mentioned above will be explained below with reference to FIG.

In Fig. 6, 1 is a rotary compressor, 2 is a closed container, 3 is a cylinder plate, 3a is a cylinder, 4 is a crankshaft, and a port 26 is slidably arranged on the eccentric part 4a. be. 6 is a vane that partitions the inside of the compression chamber 7 into high and low pressure chambers. 8 is a suction valve that functions as a check valve; 1 closes a suction port communicating with a suction pipe (not shown); Also 9
is a discharge valve, and the refrigerant gas compressed within the compression chamber γ passes through the discharge valve 9 and is discharged into the closed container 2. 1° is a high-pressure pulp that opens when the rotary compressor 1 is in operation and closes when it stops. This high-pressure valve 10 includes a high-pressure side outlet port 12 communicating with a discharge pipe 11 penetrating the closed container 2, and a high-pressure side inlet port 13 constantly communicating with the inside of the closed container 2. Further, a low pressure side port 16 is provided which communicates with the suction passage 16 through a pressure guiding pipe 14. 17 is high pressure side outlet port 1
This is a ball valve that alternately opens and closes the low pressure side port 16 and the low pressure side port 16.

18 is a bias spring that always biases the ball valve 17 toward the high pressure side outlet port 12.

In this configuration, when the rotary compressor 1 is stopped, the pressure inside the impulse pipe 14 and the pressure inside the closed container 2 are balanced, and the force of the bias spring 18, the pressure inside the closed container 2, and the cooling system side pressure are balanced. The force generated by the difference causes the ball valve 17 to close the high pressure side outlet port 12. Therefore, the high-pressure and high-temperature gas filling the space of the closed container 2 does not flow out to the cooling system via the discharge pipe 11. At this time, the suction valve 8, which operates as a check valve, is also closed, and leakage to the cooling system via the suction pipe (not shown) is also prevented.

Next, the startup time will be explained. Due to the activation, the pressure in the low pressure chamber in the compression chamber T decreases, and the pressure in the suction passage 15 and the pressure guiding pipe 14 decreases, creating a pressure difference between the high pressure side inlet port 13 side and the low pressure port 16 side of the high pressure valve 1o. The bias spring 18 holds the ball valve 17 adsorbed on the high pressure side outlet port 12.
is pulled against the force, the high-pressure side outlet port 12 is opened, and the ball valve 17 is suction-sealed to the low-pressure side port 16.
This is normal operation.

Problems to be Solved by the Invention However, in the above configuration, due to the existence of a clearance between the ball valve 17 and the high pressure pulp chamber 19 in which the ball valve 17 slides, the ball valve 17 cannot be pulled out from the high pressure side outlet port. It is difficult to avoid a pressure drop in the low-pressure side port, which is the opening force required for release, and it is necessary to minimize the clearance. However, this not only increases processing costs such as processing accuracy and matching assembly, but also reduces the In the worst case, foreign matter such as abrasion powder generated from the rotating sliding part inside the ball valve 17 may enter the clearance.
A phenomenon similar to the hydrolithoclock phenomenon seen in general spool valves may occur, and the ball valve 17 may become inoperable. Furthermore, in order to avoid a reduction in clearance, it is conceivable to increase the effective pressure receiving area of the ball valve 17, but this not only increases the installation space of the high pressure valve 10, but also increases the weight and causes shock during operation. There are also problems such as noise generation. Furthermore, in the illustrated conventional example.

Since a soft metal such as brass, which can be easily formed into a three-dimensional curved surface, is used for the port of the ball valve 17, the number of parts and the number of assembly steps increase. Furthermore, the same applies to the pressure guiding pipe 14, which inevitably increases the cost and worsens the reduction in required pressure due to pressure loss in the flow path.

In view of the above-mentioned problems, the present invention makes it possible to obtain the required pressure difference at startup without reducing the clearance or increasing the effective pressure-receiving area of the pulp, and also reduces the installation space and the number of parts. The aim is to reduce manufacturing costs.

Means for Solving the Problems In order to solve the above problems, a rotary compressor of the present invention includes a closed container, a compression element and a motor housed in the closed container, and the compression element is connected to a crankshaft. A side plate having a bearing portion that supports the shaft, a cylinder grate that rotatably houses the rotor, and the side plate and cylinder plate are superimposed to form a compression chamber, and the compression chamber is divided into a low pressure chamber and a high pressure chamber. a suction valve and a discharge valve that function as check valves and are arranged in close proximity to the vanes and communicate with the low-pressure chamber and the high-pressure chamber, respectively, and a high-pressure side that constantly communicates with the airtight container. an inlet port, a high-pressure side outlet port that constantly communicates with the discharge pipe, a low-pressure side port that directly communicates with the low-pressure chamber of the compression chamber, and the low-pressure side with the high-pressure side inlet port and the high-pressure side outlet port as one side. A high-pressure pulp chamber with a port on the other side is provided, and the high-pressure side inlet port and the high-pressure side outlet port can be simultaneously closed on one end side, and the low-pressure side port can be closed on the other end side, and the high-pressure pulp chamber can be reciprocated within the high-pressure pulp chamber. It is equipped with a movable cylindrical high-pressure valve.

According to the above-described configuration, the high pressure side inlet port and the outlet port are closed simultaneously at the time of startup, so that the pressure drop in the low pressure side port can be realized extremely steeply. It is possible to open the high-pressure pulp that is strongly adsorbed to the high-pressure side inlet and high-pressure side outlet ports using the force generated by the difference between the pressure and the pressure inside the closed container, which is maintained in a nearly high-pressure state. After being separated, it moves in parallel along the inner circumferential wall of the high-pressure pulp chamber to quickly close the low-pressure side port. Also, immediately after stopping, is the pressure inside the cylinder the same as the pressure inside the sealed container? If lJ, the balance will be rapidly achieved through the clearance between the vane and the cylinder.

On the other hand, since it is a low-pressure side port, the volume can be set to the minimum, so the pressure in the low-pressure side port and the closed container can be balanced in a short time. Therefore, the separation from the low-pressure side port can be done in a short time, and the bias spring Rapidly close the high pressure side inlet and outlet ports by force.

EXAMPLE An example of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

In FIG. 1, 6Q is a rotary compressor, 51 is a closed container, 62 is an electric element consisting of a rotor 52a and a stator 52b, and 53 is a compression element. 54 is a crankshaft press-fitted and fixed to the rotor 52a, and a bearing portion 55a is formed at 55 and 56 (side plays).

It is rotatably supported by S6a. Reference numeral 67 denotes a cylinder plate, on which the rotor 58 mounted on the eccentric portion 54a of the crankshaft 54 is rotatably mounted.

59 is a vane that partitions the compression chamber 6o defined by the outer periphery of the rotor 58, the inner periphery of the cylinder plate 6, and the side brakes 5ei and 66 into a low pressure chamber 61 and a high pressure chamber 62;
52a is a vane groove. 63 is the side plate 55,
56, a bolt for overlapping and fixing the cylinder plate 57; Reference numeral 64 denotes a suction pipe that guides refrigerant gas from the evaporator 64a to the compression chamber 6o, and is press-fitted and fixed into a press-fit bore 66 of the side plate 65. Cylinder plate 5 with press-fit bore 66
The end surface of the end plate on the 7 side constitutes a valve seat surface of a disk-shaped suction valve 66. A suction passage 67 connected to the press-fit bore 65, close to the vane 59, and communicating with the cylinder plate 57 houses a suction valve 66, and a bias bias that always keeps the valve 66 closed with a weak force. Spring 6
8 is stored. Further, 69 is a stepped portion that restricts the movement of the suction valve 66 when it is opened. To is a discharge valve that discharges the compressed refrigerant gas from the compression chamber 60 into the closed container 51 directly or via a precooler pipe (not shown) (FIG. 2). Reference numeral 71 denotes a high-pressure pulping device, which is arranged at approximately the same height as the crankshaft 64. The high pressure valve 71 includes a plurality of high pressure side inlet ports 72 extending in the axial direction of the crankshaft 54 on the side plate 66, and a closed container 5.
A high pressure side outlet port 7 communicating with a discharge pipe 73 passing through 1
It is equipped with 4. Furthermore, the cylinder plate 57 has adjacent ports 72 . A common high-pressure pulp chamber 75 is provided correspondingly to the high-pressure pulp chamber 7.
A low-pressure side port 76 is formed at the bottom of 6. Reference numeral 77 denotes a cylindrical high-pressure pipe made of resin, which can close the inlet and outlet ports 72°4 at one end, and close the low-pressure side port 6 at the other end. 78 is a bias spring that always biases the high pressure side inlet and outlet ports 72 and 74 to close. Reference numeral 79 denotes a pressure guide path that directly communicates with the low pressure chamber 61 of the cylinder plate 57 from the low pressure side port 76 and the opening a on one side plate 56 side, and the opening a is closed by the side plate 56.

The operation of the rotary compressor configured as above will be described below.

FIG. 1 shows the stopped state, in which the low pressure valve 66 that acts as a check valve is closed, and the high pressure valve 77 simultaneously closes both the high pressure side inlet port 72 and the high pressure side outlet port 74. There is. At this time, the high pressure valve 77 controls the pressure difference between the upstream and downstream of the high pressure side outlet port 74, that is, the evaporator 6
It is closed by the force due to the pressure difference between the condensation saturation pressure at the temperature of the cooling chamber 4a and the saturation pressure at the temperature of the closed container 51, and by a slight force of the bias spring 78.

Therefore, the high-temperature, high-pressure gas in the closed container 51 is prevented from flowing to the condenser 80 and the evaporator 54a, reducing the heat load entering the evaporator 64a.

Next, the startup time will be explained.

The crankshaft 54 rotates by energization of the electric element 52, causing a pressure drop in the low pressure chamber 61 of the compression chamber 6o. This pressure reduction is reliably performed in a very short time even in a relatively rough clearance between the high pressure valve 77 and the high pressure pulp chamber 75 (for example, about 0.1 gate) because the high pressure side inlet port 72 is closed. This pressure drop naturally occurs in the pressure channel 79. The pressure in the low-pressure side port 76 and the high-pressure valve chamber 76 decreases, and the pressure difference between the high-pressure side inlet port 72, that is, the pressure inside the sealed container 51 and the high-pressure valve chamber 75 acts on the high-pressure valve 77, and the high-pressure side outlet port 72 is strongly Pull out the high pressure valve 77 adsorbed on the side.

After this initial pull-off operation of the high-pressure valve 77, the high-pressure valve 77 closes the low-pressure side port 76 against the force of the bias spring 78, taking into consideration the dynamic pressure of the gas flow, and completes the valve-opening operation. On the other hand, the suction valve 66 is also opened, and normal cooling operation is performed.

Next, the operation when stopped will be explained.

When the crankshaft 64 stops rotating, the gas flow in the suction pipe 64 is stopped, and the suction valve 66 is closed.

Further, the oil seal that divides the inside of the cylinder 60 into a high pressure chamber 62 and a low pressure chamber 61 is broken, and the high pressure gas inside the closed container 61 increases the pressure inside the low pressure chamber 61 due to, for example, the clearance between the vane 59 and the vane groove 59a.

This pressure increasing effect extends to the low pressure side port 76 through the pressure guiding path 79, and since the volume of the pressure guiding path 79 can be formed small, the pressure increasing time can be shortened. When the pressure inside the low-pressure side port 76 and the pressure inside the closed container 51 are equalized, the high-pressure valve 77 leaves the low-pressure side port 76 due to the force of the bias spring 78, and simultaneously opens the high-pressure side inlet port 72 and the high-pressure side outlet port 4. Close.

Therefore, while the rotary compressor is stopped, the high pressure and high temperature gas in the closed container 51 is transferred to the condenser 80. This prevents it from flowing into the evaporator 64a.

Effects of the Invention As described above, the present invention has a high-pressure side inlet port that is always in communication with the inside of the closed container, a high-pressure side outlet port that is always in communication with the discharge pipe, and a low-pressure side port that is in direct communication with the low-pressure chamber of the compression chamber through a pressure channel. Since it is equipped with a side port, a cylindrical high-pressure valve that can simultaneously close the high-pressure side inlet port and the high-pressure side outlet port on one end face, and close the low-pressure side port on the other end face, as in the conventional example, There is no need to reduce the clearance between the ball valve and the high-pressure valve chamber in which the valve slides, and the pressure at the low-pressure side port, which is the driving force for opening the high-pressure valve, can be reduced reliably and in an extremely short time. Therefore, not only can stable valve opening operation be obtained, but processing accuracy and assembly accuracy can be reduced.
Productivity can be improved. Furthermore, there is no possibility of valve locking due to foreign matter.

Further, the effective area of the valve is not increased, the valve can be constructed compactly, and there is no increase in operating noise. On the other hand, in the case of valve operation, a pressure path is formed that directly communicates with the low pressure chamber of the compression chamber, so parts such as a pressure pipe are not only unnecessary, but also the volume of the pressure path is reduced, and the low pressure side after stopping. It can shorten the time required to increase the pressure inside the port and shorten the time required to close the high-pressure side outlet port.Furthermore, the high-pressure valve can be inserted along the inner circumferential wall of the high-pressure valve chamber, which improves ease of assembly. have an effect.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a rotary compressor showing an embodiment of the present invention, and FIGS. 2 and 3 are taken along line u-n' in FIG. 1. 111-III' line, FIG. 4 is a sectional view of the main part showing the open state of the high-pressure valve device, FIG. 6 is a perspective view of the main part of the cylinder plate, and FIG. 6 is a sectional view of a conventional rotary compressor. It is a diagram. 51... Airtight container, 53... Compression element,
52...Electric element, 54...Crankshaft, 55.56...Side plate, 57...
... Cylinder plate, 58 ... Rotor, 6
0...Compression chamber, 61...Low pressure chamber, 62
...High pressure chamber, 59... Vane, 66.
...Suction valve, 70...Discharge valve, 72...
...High pressure side inlet port, 74...High pressure side outlet port, 73...Discharge pipe, 79...Pressure channel, 76...High pressure valve Room, 76...
Low pressure side port, 77...High pressure pulp. Name of agent: Patent attorney Toshio Nakao and 1 other person σ1
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Claims (1)

[Claims] The compressor includes a closed container, a compression element and an electric element housed in the closed container, and the compression element includes a side plate having a bearing portion that pivotally supports a crankshaft, and a cylinder plate that rotatably houses a rotor. , a compression chamber is formed by superimposing the side plate and the cylinder plate, a vane that partitions the compression chamber into a low pressure chamber and a high pressure chamber, and a vane that communicates with the low pressure chamber and the high pressure chamber, and is adjacent to the vane. A suction valve and a discharge valve that function as check valves are arranged in the airtight container, a high-pressure side inlet port that constantly communicates with the airtight container, a high-pressure side outlet port that constantly communicates with the discharge pipe, and a low pressure side port that directly communicates with the low pressure chamber of the chamber; a high pressure valve chamber that has the high pressure side inlet port and the high pressure side outlet port as one side and the low pressure side port as the other side; A rotary compressor comprising a cylindrical high-pressure valve capable of simultaneously closing the high-pressure side outlet port at one end face, closing the low-pressure side port at the other end face, and capable of reciprocating within the high-pressure valve chamber.