JPS62118086A - Enclosed rotary compressor - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To stabilize a valve opening operation by providing a high pressure valve which can simultaneously close high pressure side inlet and outlet ports on one side while closing a low pressure side port on the other side, and expediting pressure drop on said low pressure port which serves as a driving force for opening this valve. CONSTITUTION:A high pressure side inlet port 72 which is always connected into an enclosed container 51 and a high pressure side outlet port 74 which is always connected to a discharge pipe 73 are provided adjacent to each other. Also, a low pressure side port 76 which is connected to a low pressure part through an introducing passage 79, is provided opposite to the high pressure side inlet port 72 and the high pressure side outlet port 74, while providing a disk-like high pressure valve 77. This high pressure valve 77 simultaneously closes the high pressure side inlet port 72 and the high pressure side outlet port 74 on one side by means of a bias spring 78 while it can close the low pressure side port 76 on the other side. Thereby, it is not necessary to reduce a clearance between a ball valve and a valve cylinder in which the ball valve slides as in the conventional case, and pressure drop on the low pressure side port 76 which serves as a driving force for opening the high pressure valve 77, can be carried out securely and in a short time, stabilizing a valve opening operation.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a hermetic rotary compressor used in refrigeration equipment such as refrigerators and showcases.

Conventional technologyIn a device that cools the interior of a refrigerator by cycling a hermetic rotary compressor (hereinafter referred to as a compressor), when the system is stopped, high-temperature refrigerant existing on the high-pressure side of the system flows into the low-pressure cooler. Since it becomes a heat load, the power consumption of the device increases.

In order to prevent this phenomenon, a technique has been proposed in which the refrigerant passages on the low-pressure side and high-pressure side are closed in the compressor when the compressor is stopped.

The conventional compressor mentioned above will be explained below with reference to FIG.

In Fig. 6, 1 is a compressor, 2 is a closed container, 3 is a cylinder plate, 3a is a cylinder, 4 is a crankshaft,
A roller 5 is slidably arranged on the eccentric portion 4a. 6 is a vane that partitions the inside of the compression chamber 7 into high and low pressure chambers. Reference numeral 8 designates a suction valve that functions as a check valve, and closes a suction port that communicates with a suction pipe (not shown). Further, 9 is a discharge valve, and the refrigerant gas compressed within the compression chamber 7 passes through the discharge valve 9 and is discharged into the closed container 2. 10 is a high-pressure pulp whose circuit is opened when the compressor 1 is in operation and closed when it is stopped. This high-pressure pulp 1o is delivered through a discharge pipe 11 passing through a closed container 2.
A high pressure side outlet port 12 that communicates with the inside of the closed container 2 and a high pressure side inlet port 13 that constantly communicates with the inside of the closed container 2 are provided. Further, a low pressure side port 16 is provided which communicates with the suction passage 16 through a pressure guiding pipe 14.

17 is a ball valve that alternately opens and closes the high pressure side outlet port 12 and the low pressure side port 16. 18 is a bias spring that always biases the ball valve 17 toward the high pressure side outlet port 12.

In this configuration, when the compressor 1 is stopped, the pressure inside the impulse pipe 14 and the pressure inside the closed container 2 are balanced, and the force of the bias spring 18, the pressure inside the closed container 2, and the cooling system side pressure are balanced. Ball valve 1 due to the force caused by the difference
7 closes the high pressure side outlet port 12. Therefore, the high-pressure and high-temperature gas filling the space of the closed container 2 does not flow out to the cooling system via the discharge pipe 11. The suction valve 8, which is still check-operated at this time, is also closed and any outflow to the cooling system via the suction pipe (not shown) is also prevented.

Next, the startup time will be explained. Due to the activation, the pressure in the low pressure chamber in the compression chamber 7 decreases, and the pressure in the suction passage 15 and the pressure guide pipe 14 decreases, creating a pressure difference between the high pressure side inlet port 13 side and the low pressure port 16 side of the high pressure pulp 1Q. The bias spring 18 holds the ball valve 17 adsorbed on the high pressure side outlet port 12.
It is not pulled against the force, the high pressure side outlet port 12 is opened, and the ball valve 1 is suction-sealed to the low pressure side port 16.
This is normal operation.

Problems to be Solved by the Invention However, in the above configuration, due to the existence of a clearance between the ball valve 17 and the pulp cylinder 19 on which the ball valve 17 slides, the ball valve 17 is pulled out from the high pressure side outlet port. It is difficult to avoid pressure drop in the low-pressure side port, which is the opening force for the valve opening, and it is necessary to minimize clear run 2. However, this not only avoids increases in processing costs such as processing accuracy and matching assembly, but also In the worst case, foreign matter such as abrasion particles generated from rotating sliding parts during operation may enter the clearance, and in the worst case, a phenomenon similar to the hydraulic lock phenomenon seen in general Sgurle valves may occur in the ball valve 17, causing the ball to become damaged. This may cause the valve 17 to become inoperable. Furthermore, in order to avoid a reduction in clearance, it is conceivable to increase the effective pressure receiving area of the ball valve 17, but this not only increases the space for installing the high pressure valve 100, but also increases the weight and causes impact noise during operation. There are also problems such as the occurrence of Further, in the illustrated conventional example, a soft metal such as brass, which can be easily formed into a three-dimensional curved surface, is used as the port of the ball valve 17, which increases the number of parts and the number of assembly steps. Furthermore, the same applies to the pressure guiding pipe 14, which inevitably increases the cost and makes it difficult to reduce the required pressure due to pressure loss in the flow path.

In view of the above-mentioned problems, the present invention makes it possible to obtain the required pressure difference at startup without reducing the clearance or increasing the effective pressure-receiving area of the pulp, and also reduces the installation space and the number of parts. The purpose is to reduce manufacturing costs and prevent high-temperature refrigerant from flowing into the low-pressure cooler and causing a heat load when the hermetic rotary compressor is stopped.

Means for Solving the Problems In order to solve the above problems, the compressor of the present invention includes a closed container and a compression element housed within the closed container.
The compression element includes a side plate having a bearing portion that pivotally supports the crankshaft, a cylinder plate that rotatably houses the rotor, and a compression chamber formed by superimposing the side plate 1 and the cylinder plate, and comprising a vane that partitions a compression chamber into a low pressure chamber and a high pressure chamber, and a suction valve and a discharge valve that communicate with the low pressure chamber and the high pressure chamber, respectively, and function as a check valve and are disposed in close proximity to the vane, A high-pressure side inlet port that is always in communication with the airtight container and a high-pressure side outlet port that is always in communication with the discharge pipe are provided adjacent to each other, and one end is connected to the cylinder plate through a pressure guide path formed in the cylinder plate. a low pressure side port that communicates with a low pressure section between the suction valve and the low pressure chamber, the high pressure side inlet port and the high pressure side outlet port are arranged correspondingly to the other end of the low pressure side port, and the The high-pressure pulp has a disc-shaped high-pressure pulp that can simultaneously close the high-pressure side inlet port and the high-pressure side outlet port on one side, and close the other end of the low-pressure side port on the other side.

According to the above-described structure, the high-pressure side inlet port and the outlet port are closed at the same time at the time of startup, so that the pressure drop in the low-pressure side port can be realized extremely steeply, and therefore, the pressure decreases when the system is stopped. It is possible to open the high-pressure pulp that is strongly adsorbed to the high-pressure side inlet port and high-pressure side outlet port by the force generated by the difference between the internal pressure of the system and the internal pressure of the closed container, which is maintained in a nearly high-pressure state. After this initial separation, the low pressure side port is immediately closed. Immediately after stopping, the pressure within the cylinder quickly balances with the pressure within the closed container via, for example, the clearance between the vane and the cylinder. On the other hand, since it is a low-pressure side port, the volume can be set to a minimum, so the pressure and force balance in the low-pressure side port and the closed container can be established in a short time, and therefore, the separation from the low-pressure side port can be done in a short time. The high pressure side inlet and outlet ports are rapidly closed by bias spring force.

EXAMPLE An example of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

In FIG. 1, 50 is a compressor, 61 is a closed container, and 6
2 is an electric element such as a rotor 52a and a stator 52b;
53 is a compression element. A crankshaft 54 is press-fitted into the rotor 52a and rotatably supported by bearings 55a and 66a formed on side plates 55 and 58. Reference numeral 57 denotes a cylinder plate, on which a rotor 58 mounted on an eccentric portion 64a of a crankshaft 64 is rotatably mounted. 59
59a is a vane that partitions the compression chamber 60 fixed by the outer periphery of the rotor 58, the inner periphery of the cylinder plate 67, and the side plates 55 and 56 into a low pressure chamber 61 and a high pressure chamber 62;
is the vane groove. 63 is side plate 55.56,
These are bolts for overlapping and fixing the cylinder plate 57. 6
Reference numeral 4 denotes a suction pipe that guides refrigerant gas from the evaporator 64a to the compression chamber 6o, and is press-fitted and fixed into the press-fit bore 65 of the side plate 65. The end surface of the end plate of the press-fit bore 65 on the cylinder plate 57 side constitutes a valve seat surface of a disk-shaped suction valve 66. A vane 69 is connected to this press-fit bore 66.
A suction passage 67 adjacent to the cylinder plate 57 and communicating with the cylinder plate 57
The suction valve 66 is housed in the housing, and a bias spring 68 that always keeps the valve 66 closed with a weak force is housed therein.

Further, 69 is a stepped portion that restricts the movement of the suction valve 66 when it is opened. 7o is a discharge valve that discharges the compressed refrigerant gas from the compression chamber 6Q directly or via a precooler pipe (not shown) into the closed container 61 (Fig. 2). , the high-pressure pulp 71 is arranged at almost the same height as the crankshaft 54. The high-pressure pulp 71 has a plurality of high-pressure side inlet ports 72 extending in the axial direction of the crankshaft 64 on the side plate 65, and a discharge port penetrating the closed container 51. tube 7
3. Furthermore, the cylinder plate 67 has adjacent ports 7
2. Common pulp cylinder 7 formed correspondingly to 74
A low pressure side port 76 is formed at the bottom of the pulp cylinder 75. 77 is a disk-shaped high-pressure pulp, and the high-pressure side inlet and outlet ports 7 are connected to the - side.
2.74 can be closed, and the low pressure side port 76 can be closed on the other side. A8 is always the high pressure side inlet, outlet port 7
2.74 is a bias spring that biases it to close. 79 is the low pressure side port 76 and one side plate 56
This is a pressure guiding path that communicates with a low pressure portion between the suction valve 66 and the low pressure chamber 61 in the cylinder plate 57 from the side opening a.

The operation of the compressor configured as above will be explained below.

FIG. 1 shows the stopped state, in which the low pressure valve 66 that acts as a check valve is closed, and the high pressure valve 7 simultaneously closes both the high pressure personal port 2 and the high pressure side outlet port 74. . At this time, the high-pressure pulp 77 is affected by the pressure difference between the upstream and downstream of the high-pressure side outlet port 74, that is, the evaporator 6
It is closed by the force due to the pressure difference between the condensation saturation pressure at the temperature of the cooling chamber 4a and the saturation pressure at the temperature of the closed container 61, and by a slight force of the bias spring 78.

Therefore, the high-temperature, high-pressure gas in the closed container 61 is prevented from flowing to the condenser 80 and the evaporator 64&, and the evaporator 64a
reduce the intrusion heat load.

Next, the startup time will be explained.

When the electric element 52 is energized, the shift flank shaft 54 rotates, causing a pressure drop in the low pressure chamber 61 of the compression chamber 60. This pressure reduction is reliably carried out in a very short time even in a relatively rough clearance between the high pressure pulp 77 and the valve cylinder 75 (for example, about 0.1 mm) because the high pressure side inlet port 72 is closed. This pressure drop is caused by the natural pressure path 79. The pressure in the low pressure side port 76 and the valve cylinder 5 decreases, and the high pressure side inlet port 72, that is, the closed container 51
The difference between the internal pressure and the pressure inside the pulp cylinder 75 is the high pressure pulp 7
7, and strongly pulls out the high-pressure pulp 7T adsorbed on the high-pressure side outlet port 72 side. After this initial pulling operation of the high-pressure pulp 7A, the dynamic pressure of the gas flow is also taken into account, and the high-pressure pulp 7T is pulled out. 77 closes the low pressure side port 76 against the force of the bias spring 78 and completes the valve opening operation. On the other hand, the suction valve 66 is also opened, and normal cooling operation is performed.

Next, the operation when stopped will be explained.

When the crankshaft 64 stops rotating, the gas flow in the suction pipe 64 is stopped, and the suction valve 66 is closed.

Further, the oil seal that divides the inside of the cylinder 60 into a high pressure chamber 62 and a low pressure chamber 61 is broken, and the high pressure gas inside the closed container 51 increases the pressure inside the low pressure chamber 61 due to, for example, the clearance between the vane 59 and the vane groove 59a.

This pressure increasing effect extends to the low pressure side port 76 through the pressure guiding path 79, and since the volume of the pressure guiding path 9 can be formed small, the pressure increasing time can be shortened. When the pressure inside the low-pressure side port 76 and the pressure inside the closed container 61 are equalized, the high-pressure pulp 77 leaves the low-pressure side port 76 due to the force of the bias spring 78, closing the high-pressure side inlet port 72 and the high-pressure side outlet port 74 at the same time. do.

Therefore, when the compressor is stopped, the high pressure and high temperature gas in the closed container 51 is prevented from flowing out to the condenser 80 and the evaporator 64a.

Effects of the Invention As described above, the present invention arranges a high-pressure side inlet port that constantly communicates with the closed container and a high-pressure side outlet port that constantly communicates with the discharge pipe adjacent to each other, and also connects the low-pressure section with a pressure path. A low-pressure side port that communicates with the high-pressure side inlet port and high-pressure side outlet port is provided, and the high-pressure side inlet port and the high-pressure side outlet port are simultaneously closed on one side, and the low-pressure side port is closed on the other side. Since it is equipped with a disc-shaped high-pressure pulp that can close the port, there is no need to reduce the clearance between the ball valve and the pulp cylinder on which this valve slides, as in the conventional case, and the high-pressure pulp becomes the driving force for opening the valve. The pressure of the low pressure side port can be reduced reliably and in an extremely short time. Therefore, not only a stable valve opening operation can be obtained, but also processing accuracy and assembly accuracy can be relaxed, and productivity can be improved. Furthermore, there is no possibility of valve locking due to foreign matter. Furthermore, the effective area of the pulp does not increase, the structure can be made compact, and there is no increase in operating noise. On the other hand, during valve operation, a pressure path communicating with the low pressure section is formed, so parts such as a pressure pipe are not only unnecessary, but the volume of the pressure path is reduced, and the internal pressure of the low pressure side port after stopping is reduced. This method has many practical effects, such as shortening the pressure increase time, shortening the time required to close the high-pressure side outlet port, and preventing reduction in compression efficiency due to re-expansion of the refrigerant gas present in the pressure guide path.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a hermetic rotary compressor showing an embodiment of the present invention, and FIGS. 2 and 3 are the n/line and m −
4 is a cross-sectional view of the main parts of the high-pressure pulp equipment showing the valve open state, Fig. 5 is a perspective view of the main parts of the cylinder plate, and Fig. 6 is a cross-section of a conventional hermetic rotary compressor. It is a diagram. 61... Airtight container, 52... Electric element, 63... Compression element, 54... Crankshaft, 65.56... Side Plate, 57.
... Cylinder plate, 58 ... Rotor, 59 ... Vane, 6o ... Compression chamber,
61...Low pressure chamber, 62...High pressure chamber, 6
6...Suction valve, 70...Discharge valve, 72
...High pressure side inlet port, 73...Discharge pipe, 74...High pressure side outlet port, 76...
...Low pressure side port, 77...High pressure pulp, 76
a... One end of the low pressure side port (opening), 79...
...Pressure path. Name of agent: Patent attorney Toshio Nakao and one other name
5rXJ

Claims (1)

[Claims] The compressor includes a closed container, a compression element and an electric element housed in the closed container, and the compression element includes a side plate having a bearing portion that pivotally supports a crankshaft, and a cylinder plate that rotatably houses a rotor. , a compression chamber is formed by superimposing the side plate and the cylinder plate, a vane that partitions the compression chamber into a low pressure chamber and a high pressure chamber, and a vane that communicates with the low pressure chamber and the high pressure chamber, and is adjacent to the vane. a suction valve and a discharge valve disposed as check valves, and adjacently provided with a high-pressure side inlet port that constantly communicates with the closed container and a high-pressure side outlet port that constantly communicates with the discharge pipe, The cylinder plate includes a low pressure side port, one end of which communicates with a low pressure section between the suction valve and the low pressure chamber in the cylinder through a pressure guide path formed in the cylinder plate, and the high pressure side inlet port and the high pressure side an outlet port is disposed in correspondence with the other end of the low pressure side port, and the high pressure side inlet port and the high pressure side outlet port are simultaneously closed on one side;
A closed rotary compressor comprising a disc-shaped high-pressure valve that can close the other end of the low-pressure side port on the other side.