JPS62142863A - Forward/reverse rotatable fluid machine - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To reduce a relative moving speed when relative rotation between a driving shaft and a mounting boss is limited and to relieve an impact force, by a method wherein a resistance mechanism employing viscous fluid is mounted between the driving shaft and the mounting boss or the mounting boss and a blade mounting shaft. CONSTITUTION:With a driving shaft 22 rotated with the aid of a motor 20, a mounting boss 26 is rotated in delay by inertia. Relative rotation between the driving shaft 22 and the mounting boss 26 causes rotation of a blade mounting shaft 28 through engagement of a bevel gear 30 with a pinion gear 29, and the direction of a blade 27 is varied. In this case, a relative movement speed between the driving shaft 22 and the mounting boss 26 is increased with the elapse of a time, and is increased to a maximum value when an engaging projection part 32 is forced into contact with a stopper 37. A resistance mechanism, formed with viscous fluid sealed between a rotary disc 34 and a hub cover 35, and a disc cover 38, is increased in friction resistance with the increase in a relative movement speed. This constitution enables relief of an impact force, exerted on the stopper 37 and the engaging projection part 32, through reduction of a relative movement speed.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] (Industrial Application Field) The present invention automatically switches the direction of the blades when the direction of rotation of the drive shaft is changed, so that the same driving performance can be obtained in both forward and reverse rotations. Moreover, the present invention relates to a fluid machine capable of forward and reverse rotation, which can reduce the impact when switching the direction of the blades.

(Conventional Branch Technique) In a fluid machine in which the shaft is fixed and is driven to rotate in one direction, the operating performance in forward rotation is high, but the operating performance in reverse rotation is significantly degraded. Therefore, some fluid machines that are driven in forward and reverse rotations and capable of forward and reverse rotation are constructed with fixed blades of a symmetrical type so that the operating performance in forward and reverse rotations is equal. However, this fluid machine that can rotate forward and backward has lower operating performance than a fluid machine that is rotationally driven in one direction.

Here, in a fluid machine that can rotate in forward and reverse directions and is driven in forward and reverse rotation, the direction of the blades is changed by 180 degrees as the direction of rotation is changed, and even when driving in either direction, it is possible to Various types of fluid machines capable of forward and reverse rotation have been proposed, which provide operating performance similar to fluid machines with fixed blades that are rotatably driven. However, in these fluid machines that can rotate forward and backward, the mechanism for switching the direction of the blades is complicated, making the entire device large, and other power sources such as hydraulic pressure are required to change the direction of the blades. Therefore, the entire device was expensive.

Therefore, the applicant of the present patent previously proposed a fluid machine capable of forward and reverse rotation in which the direction of the blades can be automatically switched in accordance with the change of the rotational direction of the drive shaft using a simple mechanism in Japanese Patent Application No. 60-71900. is proposed.

The previously proposed fluid machine capable of forward and reverse rotation will be explained with reference to FIGS. 4 to 6. FIG. 4 is a sectional view of a main part of the previously proposed fluid machine capable of forward and reverse rotation, FIG. 5 is a sectional view taken along the line A-A in FIG. 4, and FIG. It is a sectional view taken along the line BB in the figure.

4 to 6, the fluid machine capable of forward and reverse rotation has a fixed sleeve 2 fixed by a key 3 to a drive shaft 1 which is rotated forward and backward by a drive source such as a motor (not shown). A mounting post 4 is rotatably supported on the fixed sleeve 2, and a blade 5, 5φ is attached to the drive shaft l.
A plurality of blades are arranged radially against the blade mounting shafts 6, 6, and
It is rotatably supported by. And the wing attachment shaft 6
A pinion gear 7 is fixed to the tip of the drive shaft 1, and a bevel gear 8 is fixed to the drive shaft l so as to mesh with the pinion gear 7. Furthermore, the fixed sleeve 2 is provided with recesses 9, 9 as shown in FIG.

Stops 10.10 are formed at both ends of this recess 9.9. The mounting post 4 has these recesses 9, 9.
An engaging convex portion 11 that is movable inside is provided in a protruding manner. The engaging convex portion 11 and the stoppers to constitute a limiting mechanism that limits the angle at which the drive shaft l and the mounting post 4 can rotate relative to each other. Then, the engaging convex portion 11 is connected to the stopper 10.1.
The blades 5 are configured to be oriented optimally in the rotational direction of the drive shaft 1 at the position where the blades 5 are in contact with the drive shaft 1. In addition, 12 is a nut for rotatably attaching the blade mounting shaft 6 to the mounting post 4, 13 is a key for fixing the bevel gear 8 to the drive shaft l, and 14 is for fixing the fixing sleeve 2 to the drive shaft 1. 15 is a dustproof cover.

In such a configuration, first, the drive shaft 1 is aligned with the arrow X in FIG.
When the mounting post 4 rotates in this direction, the mounting post 4 tries to remain stationary due to inertia, so that the rotation of the mounting post 4 with respect to the drive shaft l is delayed. Therefore, the engagement convex portion 11 of the mounting post 4 is brought into contact with one of the stator bars 10 of the recess 9 of the fixed sleeve 2 (shown by a solid line in FIG. 6), and the relationship between the drive shaft 1 and the mounting post 4 is With rotation stopped, 100% of the driving force is transmitted and the mounting post 4 is rotated. This relative rotation between the drive shaft 1 and the mounting post 4 rotates the pinion gear 7 meshing with the bevel gear 8, and the blades 5 are appropriately rotated, so that the blades 5 are oriented in the optimal direction for the rotation of the drive shaft 1 in the X direction. Therefore, optimum driving performance can be obtained with respect to the rotation of the drive shaft 1 in the direction of the arrow X.

Next, when the drive shaft l is reversely rotated in the direction opposite to the direction of the arrow X in FIG. The mounting post 4 rotates in the opposite direction until the convex portion 11 comes into contact with the other stopper IO, and the relative rotation of the mounting post 4 with respect to the drive shaft 1 is stopped (as shown by the broken line in FIG. 6). Due to this relative rotation between the drive shaft 1 and the mounting post 4, the pinion gear 7 meshing with the bevel gear 8 is rotated in the opposite direction, and the blade 5 fixed thereto is rotated in the opposite direction by 180 degrees. Therefore, when the drive shaft 1 rotates in the direction opposite to the arrow X direction, the blades 5 can be switched to the optimum direction, and even when the drive shaft 1 rotates in the opposite direction, optimum driving performance can be obtained.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) By the way, in the above-mentioned fluid machine that can rotate in forward and reverse directions, the direction of rotation of the drive shaft 1 is switched, and the direction of the blades 5 is switched to a predetermined angle. When restricted, the stoppers 10, 10, provided on the fixed sleeve 2...
An impact is applied to the engaging protrusions 11, 11, . . . provided on the mounting boss 4. That is, the rotational torque of the drive shaft 1 is
Although some of it is consumed as frictional energy during relative rotation with the mounting boss 4, at the moment when the relative rotation of the mounting boss 4 is restricted, the stoppers to, to...
- and the engaging convex portions 11, 11... are applied as an impact force. If this impact force is a small fluid machine, the mounting boss 4
The total mass of the mounting boss 4, the blade 5, etc. is relatively small, so it is not a big problem. However, as the capacity of fluid machinery increases, the total mass of the mounting boss 4, the blade 5, etc. increases, and the impact force becomes large. ...and engagement recess 11.1
There is a risk that the restriction mechanism consisting of 1... may be destroyed.

The purpose of the present invention was to solve the problems of the above-mentioned forward-reverse rotatable fluid machine. To provide a fluid machine capable of forward and reverse rotation and capable of decelerating and reducing impact force.

(Means for Solving the Problem) In order to achieve such an object, a fluid machine capable of forward and reverse rotation of the present invention rotatably supports a blade mounting shaft of a blade on a mounting boss, and a blade mounting shaft of the blade is rotatably supported on a mounting boss. A control mechanism that fixes a pinion gear, rotatably provides the mounting boss on a drive shaft, fixes a bevel gear meshing with the pinion gear on the drive shaft, and limits the angle at which the drive shaft and the mounting boss can rotate relative to each other. Further, a resistance mechanism using a viscous fluid is provided between the drive shaft and the mounting boss and at least one of the mounting boss and the blade mounting shaft using a viscous fluid that generates a resistance force according to the relative movement speed of both, By switching between forward and reverse rotation of the drive shaft, the direction of the equation is regulated to a predetermined angle by the control mechanism, and the direction of the drive shaft and the direction of the blade are changed by the resistance mechanism using the viscous fluid. The mounting boss is configured to reduce the relative movement speed between the mounting boss and the blade mounting shaft.

(Function) A resistance mechanism using viscous fluid is provided between the drive shaft and the mounting boss and between the mounting boss and the blade mounting shaft, so the rotation direction of the drive shaft is switched and the rotation direction of the drive shaft and the mounting boss is As the relative movement speed between the mounting boss and the blade mounting shaft increases, the resistance mechanism acts as a greater resistance in the direction of slowing down the relative movement speed, and when the relative rotation of the drive shaft and the mounting boss, etc. is restricted by the restriction mechanism, It is possible to reduce the relative movement speed and reduce the impact force applied to the restriction mechanism.

Moreover, when the drive shaft is stopped and the blades are exposed to natural wind, etc., the relative movement speed between the drive shaft and the mounting boss etc. is small.
The resistance force against relative rotation by the resistance mechanism is small, and natural wind etc. do not prevent the blade from reaching the angle with the lowest wind pressure.

(Description of Examples) Examples of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2. FIG. 1 is a cutaway perspective view of an essential part of an embodiment of a fluid machine capable of forward and reverse rotation of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a sectional view of the essential part of FIG. 1.

In FIGS. 1 and 2, a fixing sleeve 22 is fixed by a key 23 to a drive shaft 21 driven by a motor 20. As shown in FIG. Bearings 24 and 25 are attached to this fixed sleeve 22.
A mounting boss 26 is rotatably supported on the mounting boss 26, and a plurality of i27, 27... are arranged radially on the drive shaft 21 with equal circumferences, and blade mounting shafts 28, 28...
It is rotatably supported by. And the wing attachment shaft 2
A pinion gear 29 is fixed to the tips of the pinion gears 8, 28, . moreover,
A stopper hub 33 having engaging projections 32, 32 is fixed to this bevel gear 30, and a rotary disk 34 is fixed to this stopper hub 33. On the other hand, mounting boss 2
The hub cover 35 fixed to the hub cover 6 is provided with four parts 36° 36 that allow the engaging protrusion 32, 32 to move within a predetermined range,
Stoppers 37' are provided at both ends of the recesses 3B and 3[1].
, 37... are formed. In addition, the hub cover 35
A disk cover 38 is fixed to the hub cover 35 so as to face each other with a slight gap left on one side of the rotary disk 34, and to face each other with a slight gap left on the other side of the rotary disk 34.

A viscous fluid such as silicone oil is applied to the seal 39 in the gaps between the hub cover 35 and the rotary disk 34 and between the disk cover 38 and the lorry disk 34.
, 39, etc. A resistance mechanism using viscous fluid is formed by the rotary disk 34, the hub cover 35, the disk cover 38, and silicone oil sealed in the gap.

In this configuration, when the drive shaft 21 first rotates in the direction of the arrow S in FIG. Wing attachment shaft 28
, 28... rotate, and the direction of the blades 27, 27... is changed. The relative movement speed between the drive shaft 21 and the mounting post 26 increases rapidly as time passes from the start of rotation of the drive shaft 21, and the engagement convex portions 3
The maximum value occurs when 2, 32, etc. are in contact with each other. Here, in the resistance mechanism using viscous fluid, the frictional resistance is small as long as the relative movement speed between the drive shaft 21 and the mounting post 2B is small.
As the relative movement speed increases, the frictional resistance increases rapidly. Therefore, due to the rotation of the drive shaft 21, the mounting post 2
The stoppers 37 , 37 are rotated by following the stopper 8 , greatly reducing the relative movement speed when the relative rotation is restricted.
... and the impact force applied to the engaging convex portions 32, 32, etc. can be reduced.

Next, when the drive shaft 21 is reversely rotated, the rotation of the mounting post 26 is delayed due to inertia, and due to the relative rotation of the drive shaft 21 and the mounting post in the opposite direction, the directions of R27, 27, etc. are 180 degrees from the above. Rotated in the opposite direction. When this relative rotation is restricted, the frictional resistance of the resistance mechanism using viscous fluid becomes maximum, and the relative movement speed can be greatly reduced to reduce the impact force applied to the restriction mechanism.

Furthermore, when the drive shaft 21 is stopped and the relative movement speed between the drive shaft 21 and the mounting post 26 is extremely small, the frictional resistance of the resistance mechanism using viscous fluid is extremely small. When the drive shaft 21 is stopped and the mounting post 26 idles due to natural wind or vehicle running wind, the frictional resistance of the resistance mechanism is small and the blades 27
．． 27... is the angle with the smallest wind pressure.

In the above embodiment, a resistance mechanism using viscous fluid was provided between the drive shaft 21 and the attachment post 2B, but a resistance mechanism using viscous fluid was provided between the attachment post 26 and the blade attachment shafts 28, 28... The same effect as in the above embodiment can be obtained even if the above embodiment is provided.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of the resistance mechanism using viscous fluid constituting the fluid machine capable of forward and reverse rotation of the present invention.

In FIG. 3, a plurality of sets of two cylinder-type oil dampers 40, 40, which extend and contract in the direction of relative rotation with the drive shaft 21, are fixed to the mounting post 26 in opposite directions. The ends of the pistons 41 and 41 of these cylinder type oil dampers 40 and 40 are connected to L-shaped arms 42 and 42, respectively.
The bent portions of the L-shaped arms 42 and 42 are pivotably supported on the drive shaft 21, and the other ends of the L-shaped arms 42 and 42 are connected to long holes in the cylinder-shaped oil damper 40.
, 40 in a direction perpendicular to the expansion/contraction direction. The other ends of the L-shaped arms 42 and 42 are connected to pressure contacts 43 and 43 that abut the mounting post 26, respectively. In addition,
44, 44 are guides for the pressure contacts 43, 43.

In such a configuration, the cylinder type oil damper 40
．． As is well known, the resistance of the viscous fluid such as oil sealed in the cylinder against the movement of the piston 41.41 increases as the piston 41.41 moves faster. Also, if the relative movement speed between the mounting post 2B and the drive shaft 21 is high, the L-shaped arms 42, 42
A force is applied to rotate the pressure contact 43, which presses one pressure contact 43 more strongly against the mounting post 26, thereby increasing the frictional resistance. here,
The L-shaped arms 42 , 42 and pressure contacts 43 , 43 are connected to each other as a set of two cylinder-type oil dampers 40 and 40 in opposite directions, so that only one of the cylinder-shaped oil dampers 40 and 40 is connected to the mounting boss 28 in accordance with the rotational direction of the drive shaft 21 . This is because frictional resistance can be applied to the surface.

In the embodiment shown in FIG.
3.43 and the mounting boss 2B, the piston 41.41 is fixed to the drive shaft 21 via an appropriate link mechanism, and the aperture of the cylinder type oil damper 40, 40 is The configuration may be such that the relative movement speed is reduced only by resistance.

(Effects of the Invention) As explained above, the fluid machine capable of forward and reverse rotation according to the present invention uses a viscous fluid between the drive shaft and the mounting boss and at least one of the mounting boss and the blade mounting shaft. Since the resistance mechanism is provided, as the rotation direction of the drive shaft is switched and the relative movement speed between the drive shaft and the mounting boss and between the mounting boss and the blade mounting shaft becomes faster, the resistance mechanism acts as a larger resistance in the direction where the relative movement speed becomes slower. This reduces the relative movement speed when the relative rotation of the drive shaft, the mounting boss, etc. is restricted by the restriction mechanism, and reduces the impact force applied to the restriction mechanism. Moreover, when the drive shaft is stopped and the blades are exposed to natural wind, etc., the relative movement speed between the drive shaft and the mounting boss is small, so the resistance force against relative rotation by the resistance mechanism is small, and the natural wind etc. i also has the excellent effect of not hindering the angle from which the wind pressure is small.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cutaway perspective view of a main part of an embodiment of a fluid machine capable of forward and reverse rotation of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a sectional view of a main part of FIG. 1, and FIG. FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of a resistance mechanism using viscous fluid constituting a fluid machine capable of forward and reverse rotation of the invention, and FIG. FIG. 5 is a diagram showing A-A in FIG.
6 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line BB in FIG. 5. FIG. 21: Drive shaft, 26: Mounting boss, 27: Wing,
28: Blade mounting shaft, 28: Binion gear,
30: Bevel gear, 32: Engagement protrusion, 34: Rotary disc, 35: Hub cover, 36 recess, 37: Stopper, 38: Disc force bar, 39:
Seal, 40 cylinder type oil damper. (Evening figure 1

Claims (3)

[Claims] (1) A blade attachment shaft of a blade is rotatably supported on a mounting boss, a pinion gear is fixed to the blade attachment shaft, the attachment boss is rotatably provided on a drive shaft, and the drive shaft meshes with the pinion gear. A control mechanism is provided for fixing the bevel gear and limiting the relative rotation angle between the drive shaft and the mounting boss, and further includes at least one of between the drive shaft and the mounting boss and between the mounting boss and the blade mounting shaft. A resistance mechanism using viscous fluid that generates a resistance force according to the relative movement speed of both is provided in the blade, and the direction of the blade is controlled and switched at a predetermined angle by the control mechanism by switching between forward and reverse rotation of the drive shaft. Further, the relative movement speed between the drive shaft and the mounting boss, and between the mounting boss and the wing mounting shaft when the direction of the blade is switched by the resistance mechanism using the viscous fluid is reduced. A fluid machine that can rotate forward and backward. (2) The fluid machine capable of forward and reverse rotation according to claim 1, wherein the resistance mechanism using the viscous fluid has a structure that applies frictional resistance of the viscous fluid. (3) The fluid machine capable of forward and reverse rotation according to claim 1, wherein the resistance mechanism using the viscous fluid has a structure that applies throttling resistance to the viscous fluid.