JPS62136356A - Vertical double head surface grinder - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To make it possible to grind parallel surfaces with a high accuracy by providing each of end parts of two main shafts arranged in vertical direction with a grindstone vertically spaced, with the distance between the two shafts being smaller than the sum of radii of the two grindstones. CONSTITUTION:Being driven with motors 11 and 12, respective main shafts 4 and 5 rotate to rotate an upper and lower grind stones 6 and 7 attached, with a space between them, to respective end parts of the shafts. In this case, the two main shafts 4 and 5 are arranged such that the distance between the shafts is smaller than the sum of radii of the two grindstones 6 and 7. Here, a carrier 21 is rotated so that its holder hole 22 passes along a rotary locus between the two grindstones 6 and 7 where a workpiece W is successively sent in to be ground between the upper and lower grindstones 6 and 7. Here, since both the grindstones are rotating clockwise, work is given a moment of M1+M2 as a result of relationship of grinding forces of P1>P2>P3>P4, so that the grindstone surfaces work uniformly. Thus, parallel surfaces can be ground with a high accuracy.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] [Purpose of the invention] "Industrial application field" The present invention relates to the configuration of a vertical double-head surface grinder.

"Prior Art" A vertical surface grinder is generally used to grind parts having various parallel planes to a height of 111 degrees. A conventional example is shown in FIG.

A headstock 2.6 with spindles 4 and 5 mounted on the same vertical center is attached to the machine base 1 in the shape of an opening.
Grinding wheels 6 and 7 are attached to each end with their end faces facing each other. Bells l-15 and 16 are wound between pulleys 8 and 9 fixed to the ends of the main shafts 4 and 5 and boots IJ13 and 14 fixed to the motor shaft ends of the motors 11 and 12 fixed to the machine base 1, respectively. . The carrier 21 that rotates around a vertical axis is the machine base 1.
It is installed on.

The rotation of the motors 11 and 12 rotates the pulley 15.14, which turns the pulley 8.9 via the belt 15.16, and the rotation of the main shafts 4 and 5 rotates the grinding wheels 6 and 7.
, 7 by a carrier 21 is ground.

``Problems to be solved by the invention'' In the conventional example described above, the grinding wheel headstocks are arranged vertically in series, resulting in (1) the high height of the machine, and the need to increase the size of the machine in order to provide rigidity; (2) the machine becomes taller, and the effect of thermal deformation is large, making it difficult to maintain accuracy. That is, since the column has a square shape, the centers of the main shafts of the grinding wheels are bent instead of being aligned in a straight line, and the opposing surfaces of the upper and lower grinding wheels are no longer parallel. The main axis generally expands in the axial direction due to thermal deformation, so the thickness of the workpiece changes.

(3) Due to the high height of the machine, it is neo-U in terms of rigidity.

(4) The upper whetstone does not work properly.

(It is difficult to replace the 51 whetstone.

It has the following drawbacks.

The present invention solves the drawbacks of the above conventional examples and is compact.

The object of the present invention is to provide a vertical double-head surface grinder that has high rigidity, has small accuracy changes due to thermal deformation, and is easy to handle.

[Structure of the invention]

``Means for Solving the Problems'' The present invention comprises two vertical main shafts that are supported so as to be rotationally driven, and a grindstone is attached to each end of each main shaft.
This is a vertical double-headed surface grinder in which the distance between the main spindles is smaller than the sum of the radii of each grinding wheel, and the grinding wheels are attached to the upper shaft ends of the respective main spindles at vertical intervals.

``Operation'' Two parallel surfaces of the workpiece are ground by sending the workpiece between opposing surfaces where two grindstones are rotating.

"Example" Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

1 is a front view, FIG. 2 is an overall perspective view, FIG. 5 is a perspective view of FIG. 2 with the work carrier removed, and FIG. 4 is a perspective view of FIG. 3 with the upper grindstone removed.

A vertical guide (not shown) on the front surface of the machine stand 1 is fitted with and fixed to a lower grindstone headstock 2 so as to be vertically adjustable.

An upper grindstone headstock 3 is fixed to the front of the machine stand 1 so that its position can be adjusted vertically and horizontally. Headstock for upper and lower grinding wheels 2,
3 supports vertically parallel main shafts 4 and 5, respectively, so as to be rotatable and immovable in the axial direction. Main shaft 4.5
project from both upper and lower sides of the headstocks 2 and 3, respectively, and a lower whetstone 6 and an upper whetstone 7 are attached to the upper ends, respectively.

These upper and lower grindstones 6, 7 have a cylindrical shape, and their opposing end surfaces are parallel planes that act on the workpiece.

The distance between the main shafts 4 and 5 is smaller than the sum of the radii of the upper and lower grinding wheels 6°7. Therefore, the upper and lower grindstones 6 and 7 overlap each other with a radial dimension corresponding to the difference.

Boots 98 and 9 are fixed to the lower protruding ends of the main posts 4 and 5, respectively. Between the pulleys 8 and 9 are the boots IJ i 5 and 14 fixed to the motor shaft ends of the motors If and 12, respectively, which are mounted on the upper and lower grindstone headstocks 2 and 3 so that the motor grooves are in the vertical direction. Belts 15 and 16 are wrapped around each.

A vertical carrier arm shaft 17 is attached to the back of the machine base 1.
The carrier arm 18 is mounted so as to be rotatable about the carrier arm axis 17 and fixed at a fixed position (fixing means not shown). A vertical carrier shaft 19 is pivotally attached to the tip of the carrier arm 18.
A work carrier 21 is fixed to the carrier shaft 19. The workpiece carrier 21 rotates the carrier shaft 19 to feed and pass the workpieces fitted into a number of holder holes 22 provided on the circumference between the opposing end surfaces of the upper and lower grinding wheels 6 and 7. A shaft concentric with the base shaft 17 is driven from a driving source inside the carrier arm 18, and a carrier shaft 19 is rotationally driven through a transmission mechanism in the carrier arm 18.

To explain the operation, when the motors 11 and 12 are energized, BOOM! 713 and 14 are rotated, pulleys 8 and 9 are rotated via belts 15 and 16, and main shafts 4 and 5 are rotated. The rotation of the main shafts 4 and 5 causes the lower grindstone 6 and upper grindstone 7 to rotate. The carrier shaft 19 is rotated by a drive device (not shown), and the carrier 21 is rotated. When the workpieces are sequentially fed into the holder hole 22 of the carrier 21 by a loader (not shown), the workpieces are ground between the end faces of the upper and lower grindstones 6 and 7.

FIG. 5 is a plan view for explaining that rotation is applied to the workpiece. The holder hole 22 of the carrier 21 is circular, and the workpiece W is rotatable within the holder hole 22. FIG.

The upper and lower grindstones 6 and 7 have the same diameter (not necessarily the same diameter, but in this embodiment, the same diameter), and rotate in the clockwise direction of the illustrated arrow. That is, they are rotating in the same direction. Due to this rotation, the lower whetstone 6 grinds the lower surface of the workpiece W, but since the grinding speed of the workpiece W is faster when the radius of the lower whetstone 6 is larger, the workpiece W is added to the circumference of the workpiece W on the radius line of the lower whetstone 6. Grinding force p1
．． Since pz satisfies PI>P2, a clockwise rotational force M1 is applied to the workpiece W. The upper whetstone 7 grinds the upper surface of the workpiece W, but since the grinding speed is faster at the radius of the upper whetstone 7, the grinding force P3 applied to the circumference of the workpiece W on the radius line of the upper whetstone 7. P4 becomes P3) P4. Therefore, a clockwise rotational force M2 is applied to the workpiece W. A similar grinding force is applied to the grinding surface of the workpiece W on the radial line of the upper and lower grindstones 6°7 passing through the workpiece W, urging the workpiece W in the same direction. Since the rotational forces Ml, M2, etc. are in the same direction, the rotational force applied to the workpiece W is relatively large. Therefore, due to the rotation of the workpiece W, the grinding wheel surface acts on the workpiece W on average with respect to the positions where the grinding speed of the grinding wheel is different. do. The carrier 21 moves the workpiece W approximately in the circumferential direction of the lower grindstone 6, and the grinding force of the upper and lower grindstones 6 and 7 at each position is entirely applied to the workpiece W.
are energized in the same direction and rotated.

Figure 6 is a plan view of the conventional example corresponding to Figure 5, with upper and lower grinding wheels 6
, 7 rotate in opposite directions around the same center. Therefore, the grinding force IN)P2. applied to the workpiece W. Although the relationship P5) P4 holds, no rotational force is generated in the workpiece W because the directions are opposite to each other at P1, P4, P2, and P6. carrier 2
1, the grinding speed changes for the moving workpiece W, and p
+, p2゜p3. Although the size of P4 changes, this relationship holds true at any position. In addition, on average, the part of the workpiece W on the larger radius side of the carrier 21 has a lower grinding speed, and the part with the same smaller radius has a higher grinding speed, and the workpiece W is not ground uniformly, so that the workpiece W has a small thickness. There will be a change.

As can be seen by comparing Figures 5 and 6 above, in the present invention, the relationship between the lower grinding wheel 6 and the workpiece W, which is used as a reference when determining dimensions, is such that the workpiece W always passes close to the outer periphery of the lower grinding wheel 6. Since there is little change in speed, there is little change in grinding speed on the lower surface of the workpiece W, which is effective for stabilizing accuracy. Upper whetstone 6 and work W
In this relationship, the conventional example and the present invention are the same; when the workpiece W enters the upper grinding wheel 7, the outer circumference of the upper grinding wheel 7 acts, the circumferential speed is fast, the grinding wheel acts hard, and a large amount of grinding can be achieved. At the intermediate position in the radial direction of the upper whetstone 7, the circumferential speed is slow and the whetstone acts softly, which is advantageous for dimensioning.
Excellent grindability on the top and bottom surfaces.

After the start of operation, each part undergoes thermal deformation until it reaches a steady state, but since the headstocks 2 and 3 are parallel, even if they tilt due to thermal deformation, they are considered to be in the same direction, and in general, the thermal deformation of the main head @4.5 is It occurs in the direction in which the spindle end extends (some special spindle mounting systems retract it). In either case, the main shaft end is displaced in the same direction. Since they are in the same direction, there is little change in the distance between the surface of the lower grindstone 6 that acts on the workpiece and the surface of the upper grindstone 7 that acts on the workpiece. Even when the room temperature changes, the amount of thermal deformation of the machine base 1 is small because the machine base 1 is short.

To install the upper whetstone 7, since the upper part of the upper whetstone 7 is open, fit the whetstone flange 7a of the upper whetstone 7 to the fitting part 5a of the spindle end on the main @5 end, and insert the bolt hole of the whetstone flange 7a. It is easy to insert and screw the bolt 7b into the female thread at the end of the main shaft 5, and removal is also easy. The lower whetstone 6 is the upper whetstone 7
In the state in which the lower grindstone 6 is removed, the grindstone flange 6a of the lower grindstone 6 is similarly fitted into the fitting portion 4a of the main shaft 4, and attached with bolts 6b. Therefore, installation and removal are easy. carrier 21
The replacement is carried out at the position indicated by the dotted line in the figure, where the carrier arm 188 is rotated to the rear of the machine 1.

For setup, move the headstock 2 up and down to determine the reference position of the lower surface of the workpiece W, move the headstock 3 left and right to adjust the overlap between the upper and lower grindstones 6 and 7, and move the upper grindstone 7 up and down to determine the thickness of the workpiece W. Match. Grinding fluid is supplied from the outside to the grinding surfaces of the upper and lower grindstones 6.7.

〔Effect of the invention〕

In the present invention, two vertical main shafts supported so as to be rotationally driven are arranged, and a grindstone is attached to each end of each main shaft,
Since the main shelf spacing is smaller than the sum of the radii of each grinding wheel, and the grinding wheels are mounted on the upper shaft end of each spindle at vertical intervals at intervals, this vertical double-headed surface grinder is used. (1) Accuracy is improved by thermal deformation. It has little impact.

(2) In particular, the machine base is low and rigid, and the overall rigidity is high.

(3) It is easy to replace the grinding wheel.

(4) The machine height is low, so it is easy to operate.

(5) Even during grinding, the grindstone surface can be directly observed to check for abnormalities.

(6) Excellent grinding action.

(Rotation is given to the workpiece, improving machining accuracy and stabilizing it.)

(8) Supply of grinding fluid is easy.

(9) Compatible with other grinding methods such as through-feed.

αG In the conventional example, the spindle is hollow and the grinding fluid is supplied through the center hole, but in the present invention, it is possible to use a solid spindle, so that the temperature change of the grinding fluid does not affect the thermal deformation of the spindle. is cheap.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view of an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a perspective view of FIG. 1, FIGS. 3 and 4 are perspective views of FIG. 2 with parts removed, and FIG. FIG. 6 is a plan view showing the relationship between the grindstone of the present invention and the workpiece, FIG. 6 is a plan view showing the relationship between the grindstone and the workpiece of the conventional example, and FIG. 7 is a side view of the conventional example. 1... Machine base 2, 3... Headstock 4, 5... Main spindle 4a,
5a... Fitting part 6... Lower whetstone 6a... Grindstone flange 6b... Bolt 7... Upper whetstone 7a... Grindstone flange 7b... Bo/L,) 8.9... Pulley 11,1
2...Motor 15A4...Pulley 15,16...
Belt 17..Carrier arm shaft 18.Fist.Carrier arm 19..Carrier shaft 21..Carrier 22.
・Holder hole.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. Two vertical main shafts supported to be rotated are arranged, a grinding wheel is attached to the end of each main shaft, the spacing between the main shafts is smaller than the sum of the radii of each grinding wheel, and the grinding wheel is attached to the top of each main shaft. A vertical double-head surface grinder mounted on the shaft end at intervals above and below.