JPS62127434A - Metal-manufacturing equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To improve durability, workability, and maintainability of equipment by holding a reaction furnace, a cooling unit, and a recovering device airtightly into a vessel and by allowing a suction and exhaust system to communicate with the vessel so as to set up the pressure in the vessel. CONSTITUTION:In the manufacture of metals such as Mg, etc., a reaction furnace 1, a collecting furnace 31, and a distilling furnace 32 are sealed airtightly in a chamber 4 made of iron. The suction and exhaust system consisting of an exhaust pipe 51, a valve 53, and a pump 52 is allowed to communicate with the inside of the chamber 4 to undergo evacuation, and then an inert gas is introduced into the above to hold the above in the state of a prescribed reduced pressure. The respective parts, which are led out of the chamber 4, of the pipelines of the furnaces 1, 31, and 32 are sealed airtightly. Owing to the above construction, workability and maintainability are improved and the heat- insulating structure of a heating unit can be simplified.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to improvements in metal manufacturing equipment for wj manufacturing metals such as magnesium, and more specifically, to improvements in durability, workability, maintainability, etc.

The apparatus of the present invention houses members such as a collection furnace that directly holds molten metal etc. in a tightly closed container, thereby ensuring a necessary reduced pressure state.

[Prior Art] The present applicant has developed a technology in which an oxide of a metal such as magnesium is reduced, then adiabatically expanded and cooled, and then recovered in a molten metal of the metal or a metal with an affinity for the metal. (Publication Patent Publication No. 58-81934. Publication Patent Publication No. 58-1238.12).

FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an example of a conventionally available metal (magnesium; MQ) tJ manufacturing apparatus.
l! +7 is metal oxide (magnesium oxide; MqO)
9 and the reduced metal (magnesium: Mg)
a reactor 1 that produces a gas containing steam; a cooling unit 2 that adiabatically expands the gas through a wide-spread nozzle 20 and cools it rapidly;
The metal (magnesium: Mg) in the cooled gas is replaced with gold (magnesium: Mg), which has good affinity with the metal (magnesium: Mg).
A collection group 31 that collects lead (Pb) by the molten metal 8;
It consists of a distillation furnace 32 that distills and refines the metal (magnesium: MQ) collected from coughs. Incidentally, the collector 31 and the distillation furnace 32 constitute a recovery device 2!3.

”The above device is used as described above in LJ.

First, briquettes 9 made of magnesium oxide and carbon are put into a reaction chamber 12 from a hopper 11, and the briquettes are heated in the reaction chamber 12 to about 1800°C to reduce the magnesium oxide and contain magnesium vapor. Obtain hot gas.

Next, the cough temperature gas is guided to the nozzle 20 of the cooling section 2, and the nozzle 20 heats the gas f! The mixture is rapidly cooled to a temperature below (approximately 300 to 700°C) at which the reverse reaction does not substantially proceed.

Magnesium in the cooled gas is collected by molten lead (approximately 60°C) in the collector 31 and then sent to the distillation furnace 32 at a temperature at which the magnesium can sufficiently evaporate. 900° C.) to obtain a magnesium solution 1290.

The low-concentration molten magnesium and lead 80 after a considerable portion of the magnesium has been removed by distillation is transferred from the communication pipe 33 to the collector 31 i! I flow.

[Problem that the invention attempts to solve]

The above-mentioned equipment must meet the following requirements:

(1) Must have airtightness Reaction chamber 12, upper space 3101 of collector 31, distillation furnace 32
The upper spaces 320 and 321 must be maintained at a predetermined reduced pressure state in order to carry out the reduction reaction, magnesium collection, and magnesium distillation, respectively. Therefore, an airtight seal is required, and this limits the method of connecting these members, and generally results in a multi-M configuration.

(2) High strength In order to maintain the '64 pressure state against atmospheric pressure, each member is required to have a predetermined strength. Moreover, briquettes 9 and melt S8.90.80 both have different weights. Therefore, from this point of view, the materials constituting each of these members, their thickness, etc. are limited by I and II.

(3) Must have heat resistance Each of the above members and their connecting portions are exposed to extremely high temperatures. Therefore, the constituent materials, connection methods, etc. of each of the members are limited. For example, a joint structure cannot be used to connect the collector and the distillation furnace, and an integral structure by welding is required.

(4) Good workability and maintainability It is difficult to construct l'e1 that satisfies the above three requirements and also has good workability and maintainability. For example, when the connecting portion is made into an integral structure by welding, workability and maintainability are inevitably inferior.

On the other hand, when pursuing workability and maintainability, 0
Due to the 7-lunge joint structure through the ring, the water cooling part for protecting the O-ring and the high temperature part are close to each other, resulting in a large loss of thermal energy, or if the seal part cannot be cooled sufficiently, leakage may occur in the device. This causes problems such as deterioration of the purity of the recovered magnesium and damage to the equipment.

In addition, since Ni has a negative effect on the corrosion resistance of magnesium,
It is difficult to use a material containing Ni in the device structure for the parts that come into contact with MO, so it is necessary to select a material that has enough heat resistance, high strength, and oxidation resistance to be usable at high temperatures of 900 to 1100°C or higher. is currently a roundabout.

The present invention has been devised in view of such circumstances, and provides an apparatus that satisfies all of the above requirements.

[Means for Solving the Problems] The present invention is a metal manufacturing apparatus that employs a dual structure of a member that directly holds molten metal, etc., and a container that stores the member.

That is, the present invention provides a reactor that reduces gold yA oxide to produce a gas containing at least the vapor of the reduced metal, and a cold W section that adiabatically expands the gas containing the metal vapor and cools it rapidly. and a recovery device for recovering the reduced metal by collecting the metal in the cooled gas with the reduced metal or a molten metal having good affinity with the metal, and the reactor. Metal II characterized by having the following: a storage container that airtightly stores the cooling unit and the recovery device; and an intake/exhaust system that communicates with the storage container and sets the pressure inside the storage container. The price is ¥&t.

Each component will be explained below.

The reactor is made of gold such as magnesium oxide ff1l! The I compound is reduced with carbon or the like at a high temperature to produce a gas containing metal vapor. The reactor structure and constituent materials can be the same as those of the conventional reactor, but unlike the conventional reactor, the outside of the reactor is also under reduced pressure, so an outer wall of the reactor for sealing purposes is not necessarily required.

The cooling section is composed of a nozzle and the like.

The recovery device is a device that collects and recovers metal cooled by adiabatic expansion using molten metal. As a collection molten metal,
When using a molten metal different from the metal to be collected,
A till device such as a water and distillation furnace is required. Conventional and JLLM recovery devices can be used, but since the outside of the recovery device is under reduced pressure, the container of the recovery device is not required to have sufficient strength to maintain atmospheric pressure. Therefore, unlike in the past, it is not limited to stainless steel.

The storage container stores each of the above-mentioned members, keeps them airtight, and ensures a predetermined reduced pressure state. The storage container only needs to have the strength and sealing ability to ensure a reduced pressure state, and is not required to have heat resistance. Note that the portion where the piping connecting each of the above-mentioned members and the external space is led out of the storage container requires an airtight seal.

[Effect] A metal is obtained from a metal oxide as follows.

First, a reducing agent such as a metal oxide and carbon is supplied to a reactor in the form of briquettes, etc., and heated to 1800°C in the reactor.
The metal oxide is reduced by heating to a certain degree, and a high temperature gas containing vapor of the metal is obtained.

Next, the high-temperature gas is led to a cooling section and adiabatically expanded to a temperature at which the reverse reaction does not substantially proceed (approximately 300 to 700 degrees Celsius).
Cool rapidly below.

The metal in the cooled gas is collected and recovered by the molten metal in the recovery device.

In the above, it is sufficient for the reactor, the cooling section, and the recovery device to have heat resistance, strength enough to support the contents such as molten lagoon, and sealability enough to prevent leakage.

On the other hand, it is sufficient for the storage container to have the predetermined reduced pressure state and sealability.

[Example] Hereinafter, the present invention will be explained based on specific examples.

(1) First example FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a device according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

. As shown in the figure, this example @Kasumi includes a reactor 1 and a reactor 1.
a collecting furnace 31 that holds molten lead (Pb) so that the liquid surface of the molten metal faces the opening of the nozzle 20, and a pipe 33 communicating with the collecting furnace 31. 34
A distillation furnace 32 is connected to the distillation furnace 32 through a chamber 4, and these are hermetically sealed by a chamber 4 made of iron. Further, inside the chamber 4, an exhaust pipe 51 communicating with the chamber 4 is provided.
, a valve 53, and a pump 52 to evacuate,
Introduce an inert gas such as Ar and maintain a predetermined reduced pressure (10 to 1
00mmf-1g).

The inner wall 121 of the reactor 1 is made of graphite, and its outer wall is covered with a stainless steel case 122 via a heat insulating material, and the inside of the reaction chamber 12 is heated by a heater (not shown).
It is heated to about 800°C. Further, the upper part of the reaction chamber 12 communicates with the hopper 11 via a pipe 14 and a shutter valve 13, and a pipe 2 connected to a nozzle 20 is provided on one side.
1 is connected.

Collection type 31 is fA (Fe)! A heater 311 made of graphite is exposed around the heater 311 to maintain the inside of the collector 31 at about 600° C. and melt the lead 8 housed in the furnace. Further, in the upper space 310 of the collection unit 31, an exhaust pipe 312 and an exhaust valve 313 are provided.
are connected to create a reduced pressure of about 5--F1g in the space 310, while the side wall is connected to the distillation furnace 32! 33
．． 34 are arranged.

The distillation furnace 32 is made of spunless material that does not contain N1, and around it, a graphite layer 32 made of graphite is exposed in the same manner as above. The inside of the furnace is kept at around 900℃. Further, an exhaust pipe 322 and an iJF air valve 323 are connected to the upper space 320 of the distillation furnace 32 to reduce the pressure of the space 320 to about 1 to 5 mmHg, while a magnesium recovery pipe 324 is led out from the side wall. , the melt 4 reaches the outlet 6.

In addition, in the above, piping 14.312.322.32
The portion where 4 is led out of the chamber 4 is hermetically sealed by welding.

Further, the connection between the above-mentioned members is based on a di-ind structure.

The apparatus having the above configuration is used as follows.

First, briquettes of magnesium oxide and carbon are charged into the reaction chamber 12 from the hopper 11, and then
Heat to about 0°C to reduce.

The gas containing magnesium vapor obtained as a result of the reduction is injected from the nozzle 20 and expanded adiabatically to a temperature of 300 to 700°C.
Cool rapidly to a moderate temperature.

The cooled gas collides with the molten lead 8 in the collector 31, and the magnesium in the gas is collected by the molten metal 1i18.

The molten metal that has collected the magnesium is led to the distillation furnace 32 through the communication pipe 34.

In distilled tP34, Ill containing magnesium is added to 900
Heat to about ℃ to evaporate magnesium.

The evaporated magnesium is liquefied again in the upper part of the distillation furnace 32 and taken out as molten metal 90 via piping 324.
6 and is collected. On the other hand, the molten metal from which magnesium has been removed flows back to the collector 31 through the communication pipe 33.

As described above, magnesium is produced from magnesium oxide using the apparatus of this embodiment.

According to the above device, collection type 31 and ff1)! ! ? Furnace 3
2 is made of iron instead of stainless steel. Therefore, nickel does not elute into the molten metal, and the corrosion resistance of the recovered magnesium is improved.

In addition, a joint structure is used for the connecting part, improving workability and maintainability.

In addition, since the heater is installed in a vacuum, a graphite heater or various metal heaters are used instead of the conventional nichrome heater.This improves heating capacity. The structure was simplified.

(2) Other Embodiments FIGS. 2 and 3 are schematic cross-sectional views showing the structure of an apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention.

In FIGS. 2 and 3, the parts that are common to the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 are the same. Add v@.

In the example shown in Fig. 2, as a molten metal for recovering magnesium,
It uses 190% magnesium solution. Therefore, a distillation furnace is unnecessary.

The embodiment shown in FIG. 3 is the same as the embodiment shown in FIG. 2 except that a solid collection section 39 is provided so that magnesium can be recovered in a solid phase.

These two embodiments also produce the same effects as the embodiment shown in FIG.

[Efficacy! I] As described in detail above, the present invention
is covered with a chamber, making it a double structure.

As is clear from the examples described, in order to ensure a reduced pressure state in the chamber in the apparatus of the present invention, the reactor, recovery equipment, etc. must have sufficient strength to ensure a reduced pressure state and withstand atmospheric pressure. is not required. Therefore, there is a large degree of freedom in selecting materials, etc. For example, it is not necessary to use stainless steel containing Ni as the collecting furnace, and the corrosion resistance of the recovered magnesium is improved.

Further, the connecting portion only needs to have a sealing property that can prevent leakage. Therefore, a joint structure can be adopted, improving workability and maintainability.

Furthermore, since the heater installation section is in a vacuum, a heater with a large heating capacity, such as a graphite heater, can be used. Furthermore, the heat insulation structure of the heater can be simplified.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a device according to a first embodiment of the present invention. FIGS. 2 and 3 are schematic cross-sectional views showing the configuration of another embodiment of the device of the present invention. FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a conventional device. 1... Reactor 2... Cooling section 3... Recovery device 4... Storage container 5... Exhaust system

Claims (4)

[Claims] (1) A reactor that reduces a metal oxide to produce a gas containing at least the vapor of the reduced metal; a cooling unit that adiabatically expands the gas containing the metal vapor and rapidly cools it; and the cooling unit. a recovery device for recovering the reduced metal by collecting the metal in the reduced gas with the reduced metal or a molten metal having good affinity with the metal; the reactor; the cooling unit; and a storage container that airtightly stores the recovery device; and an intake and exhaust system that communicates with the storage container and sets the pressure inside the storage container. (2) In claim 1, the recovery device includes a collection furnace that collects the metal in the cooled gas using a molten metal having good affinity with the metal; A metal manufacturing device comprising a distillation furnace that distills and refines the collected metal. (3) In claim 1, the metal to be collected is magnesium (Mg), and the metals having good affinity with magnesium are lead (Pb) and bismuth (Bi).
, tin (Sn), and antimony (Sb). (4) The metal manufacturing apparatus according to claim 2, wherein a connecting portion of the reactor, the cooling section, the collection furnace, and the distillation furnace has a joint structure.