JPS62126560A - Nonaqueous electrolyte battery - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To increase discharge utilization factor of positive and negative active materials by specifying the amount of electrolyte in a given nonaqueous electrolyte battery. CONSTITUTION:In a nonaqueous electrolyte battery using lithium as negative active material and copper oxide as positive active material, the amount of electrolyte is specified to 0.15mul or more based on 1mAh of theoretical electric capacity of copper oxide. Even when the volume of positive active material expands with the preceding of discharge, the electrolyte required for discharge is ensured. Therefore, discharge utilization factor of positive and negative active material is improved and the capacity of the battery is increased.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a non-aqueous electrolyte battery using copper oxide as a positive electrode active material.

[Conventional technology] Conventionally, pocket calculators, including watches.

For hearing aids, etc., 1.5V@mercury batteries use an aqueous or alkaline electrolyte.

Silver oxide batteries have been mainly used, but the voltage value is 1°5V.
Non-aqueous electrolyte batteries are attracting attention as an alternative battery due to their compatibility. In particular, non-aqueous electrolyte batteries have been rapidly used in recent years as they have high energy density and high reliability. As this type of non-aqueous electrolyte battery, a 1,5-inch type battery using copper oxide, which exhibits good discharge characteristics, as a positive electrode active material and lithium, a light metal, has already been proposed.

For example, JP-A-51-122729 discloses that in order to thermally decompose copper nitrate and copper carbonate in the air at 400 to 900°C, the electrical conductivity of copper oxide is approximately 3 x 10'1, and it is necessary to add carbon powder. There is also lithium in copper oxide,
A copper oxide lithium battery is disclosed that has an alkali metal oxide of sodium as a solid solution.

Further, JP-A-50-84838 discloses using copper oxide as the positive electrode active material and using a non-aqueous electrolyte of tetrahydrofuran or propylene carbonate as the non-aqueous electrolyte.

Problem 1 to be Solved by the Invention The amount of electrolyte normally used in the copper oxide lithium battery in the conventional example is:
At about 0.1μ, the discharge utilization rate of the positive electrode active material and the negative electrode active material is as low as about 40 to 60%, which poses a problem in terms of battery discharge characteristics.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Therefore, an object of the present invention is to eliminate the conventional drawbacks, improve the discharge utilization rate of the positive electrode active material and the negative electrode active material, and increase the capacity of the battery.

Means for Solving the Problem 1 In order to achieve the above object, the inventors of the present invention have conducted various studies, and as a result of various studies, the present inventors have determined that metallic lithium is used as the negative electrode active material, oxidized steel is used as the positive electrode active material, and a non-aqueous solvent is used as the electrolyte. In the non-aqueous electrolyte battery used, the amount of the electrolyte is determined by the theoretical electric capacity of the copper oxide 11
This is a non-aqueous electrolyte battery regulated to 0.15μ moxibustion or more per 11Ah.

[Function] With the above configuration, in the present invention, propylene carbonate and 1,2-dimethoxyethane are added as nonaqueous electrolytes to an amount of O11μ to 0.9μ per mAh of theoretical electric capacity of copper oxide. The second
As shown in the figure, when the amount of electrolyte exceeds O16 μk, the discharge utilization rate decreases rapidly. On the other hand, battery capacity! (mAh)
is obtained regardless of changes in liquid volume. When copper oxide is used as a positive electrode active material in this way, CLI Q+
2e −) CLJ +Q, at the negative electrode, 2L i −+2
1-i +2e, whole battery Te, 2Li +Cu O-
+Li 2 o + cu, and as the discharge progresses, the volume of the positive electrode active material expands, resulting in a shortage of electrolyte solution.As a result of adding a necessary and sufficient amount of electrolyte solution, the discharge utilization rate improves.

Moreover, the theory of copper oxide electricity'? If the amount of electrolyte per 1 mΔh of suspension is less than 0.15 μl, the t11 power utilization rate of the active material will be extremely low for the above-mentioned reasons, and the object of the present invention cannot be achieved.

Further, if the amount of the electrolytic solution exceeds 0.6 CIQ, it is necessary to reduce the amount of positive and negative electrode active materials depending on the amount of the electrolytic solution occupied in the battery, which is disadvantageous because the discharge capacity itself decreases.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below based on the drawings.

[Example] In FIG. 1, 1 is a positive electrode case obtained by drawing a 5US304 stainless steel plate. The positive electrode case 1 was filled with a positive electrode mixture 2 which was sufficiently stirred and mixed with 95 parts of copper oxide (Cub), 4 parts by weight of graphite, and 1 part of polytetrafluoroethylene, and then press-molded. 3 is a non-woven fabric separator made of polypropylene, which contains a non-aqueous electrolyte in which lithium perchlorate is dissolved at a concentration of 1 mole/cross in a non-aqueous solvent that is a mixture of propylene carbonate and 1°2-dimethoxyethane in a volume ratio of 1=1. A negative electrode 5 made of a punched disk of light metal lithium foil as a negative electrode active material was press-fitted into a negative electrode cap 4 obtained by drawing a 5t JS304 stainless steel plate, and then an insulating gasket 6 made of polypropylene was inserted. The battery is fitted into the opening of the positive electrode 1, and the opening end is bent inward to form a sealed non-aqueous solvent battery.

The battery in this example has a diameter of 9.4 mm and a height of 2.7 mm.
Assembled with 927 type size of mm. The injection field of the above non-aqueous electrolyte is 0 for the theoretical electric capacity of oxidized steel of 111111Ah.
．． 1 to 0.9μ, and assemble 10 cells of Example N for each liquid temperature, and test 11i.
At 0°C, connect Ω to the load resistor 30 and set f! lN end voltage i,
The average value of the duration up to ov is calculated, and the discharge utilization rate (%) (A) and battery capacity fli (mA
hXB) were calculated respectively.

The results are shown in FIG.・ [Effects of the invention] As detailed above, in the non-aqueous electrolyte battery in which the amount of electrolyte is optimized according to the present invention, the capacity of the battery can be increased by improving the discharge utilization rate of the positive electrode active material and the negative electrode active material. can be achieved.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a non-aqueous electrolyte battery according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a diagram showing discharge utilization and battery capacity depending on the amount of electrolyte in the battery according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Claims (2)

[Claims] (1) In a nonaqueous electrolyte battery in which metallic lithium is used as a negative electrode active material, copper oxide is used as a positive electrode active material, and a nonaqueous solvent is used as an electrolyte, the amount of the electrolyte is set to 1 m of the theoretical electric capacity of the copper oxide.
A non-aqueous electrolyte battery characterized in that the amount is regulated to 0.15 μl or more per Ah. (2) The amount of the electrolyte is set to 1 mA, the theoretical electric capacity of the copper oxide.
A non-aqueous electrolyte battery according to claim 1, characterized in that the amount is regulated to 0.15 to 0.60 μl per hour.