JPS62121854A - Fuel for dual-fuel diesel engine - Google Patents
Fuel for dual-fuel diesel engineInfo
- Publication number
- JPS62121854A JPS62121854A JP60260656A JP26065685A JPS62121854A JP S62121854 A JPS62121854 A JP S62121854A JP 60260656 A JP60260656 A JP 60260656A JP 26065685 A JP26065685 A JP 26065685A JP S62121854 A JPS62121854 A JP S62121854A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- fuel
- coal
- main
- subsidiary
- less
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B47/00—Methods of operating engines involving adding non-fuel substances or anti-knock agents to combustion air, fuel, or fuel-air mixtures of engines
- F02B47/02—Methods of operating engines involving adding non-fuel substances or anti-knock agents to combustion air, fuel, or fuel-air mixtures of engines the substances being water or steam
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02F7/00—Casings, e.g. crankcases or frames
- F02F7/0085—Materials for constructing engines or their parts
- F02F7/0087—Ceramic materials
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M43/00—Fuel-injection apparatus operating simultaneously on two or more fuels, or on a liquid fuel and another liquid, e.g. the other liquid being an anti-knock additive
- F02M43/04—Injectors peculiar thereto
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B3/00—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition
- F02B3/06—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition with compression ignition
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
- Liquid Carbonaceous Fuels (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
〔産業上の利用分野〕
本発明は、主燃料と副燃料の二元燃料を使用したディー
ゼル機関の燃料に関する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a fuel for a diesel engine that uses dual fuels: a main fuel and an auxiliary fuel.
二元燃料機関において、主燃料として圧縮天然ガスなど
の着火温度の高いものを使用する場合、通常着火の容易
な重油を着火用の副燃料として、圧縮行程終了直前に主
燃料に先立ってシリンダ内に噴射させ、その火炎又は高
温燃焼ガスにより主燃料に点火させるようにしている。When a dual fuel engine uses compressed natural gas or other fuel with a high ignition temperature as the main fuel, heavy oil, which is easy to ignite, is normally used as an auxiliary fuel for ignition. The flame or high-temperature combustion gas is used to ignite the main fuel.
ところで、近時、重油の代替燃料として、資源的にほぼ
無尽蔵といわれる石炭の用途開発が検討されている。Incidentally, recently, the development of uses for coal, which is said to be an almost inexhaustible resource, is being considered as an alternative fuel to heavy oil.
石炭・液体混合燃料のうち石炭・水混合燃料を通常の１
元燃料ディーゼル機関に石油代替燃料として使用する試
みは実験室レベルで検討されているが、石炭粒および石
炭中に含まれる灰分により、ピストリング、シリンダラ
イナの摩耗が大きく実用化の目途がたっていない。Among coal/liquid mixed fuels, coal/water mixed fuel is
Attempts to use the fuel as an alternative to petroleum in diesel engines are being considered at the laboratory level, but the coal grains and ash contained in the coal cause significant wear on piston rings and cylinder liners, and there is no prospect of practical application. .
一方、石油代替燃料として、天然ガス等を利用する二元
燃料機関が注目されているが、副燃料に重油等の石油系
燃料を使用する必要がありランニングコスト上問題があ
る。On the other hand, dual-fuel engines that use natural gas or the like are attracting attention as alternative fuels for petroleum, but they require the use of petroleum-based fuels such as heavy oil as an auxiliary fuel, which poses problems in terms of running costs.
本発明は、このような問題点を解決し１石炭を副燃料と
して有効利用できるようにした二元燃料ディーゼル機関
の燃料を提供することを目的とする。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a fuel for a dual-fuel diesel engine that solves these problems and allows one coal to be effectively used as an auxiliary fuel.
かかる目的達成のため、本発明の二元燃料ディーゼル機
関の燃料は、主燃料をガス燃料とし、副燃料を石炭・液
体混合燃料としたものである。To achieve this objective, the dual fuel diesel engine of the present invention uses gas fuel as the main fuel and coal/liquid mixed fuel as the auxiliary fuel.
上記の構成によれば、石炭・液体混合燃料による摺動部
分の摩耗を可及的に少なくすることができる。また、ラ
ンニングコストを低減することができる。According to the above configuration, wear of the sliding portion due to coal/liquid mixed fuel can be reduced as much as possible. Additionally, running costs can be reduced.
以下１本発明を図面に示す実施例に基づいて説明する。 DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be explained below based on embodiments shown in the drawings.
本発明に係る二元燃料ディーゼル機関１は、シリンダ２
と、該シリンダ２の内周面に嵌挿されたシリンダライナ
３にピストンシリンダ４を介して摺動自在に嵌挿された
ピストン５と、シリンダ２−に面間口部を被覆するシリ
ンダカバー６と、該シリンダカバー６とピストン５上面
との間にピストン５上死点時に形成される燃焼室８に先
端部を臨ませるようにシリンダカバー６に配設された燃
料噴射弁１０とを備えている。The dual fuel diesel engine 1 according to the present invention has a cylinder 2
a piston 5 which is slidably fitted into a cylinder liner 3 which is fitted into the inner circumferential surface of the cylinder 2 via a piston cylinder 4; and a cylinder cover 6 which covers the front surface of the cylinder 2-. , and a fuel injection valve 10 disposed on the cylinder cover 6 such that its tip end faces a combustion chamber 8 formed between the cylinder cover 6 and the upper surface of the piston 5 when the piston 5 is at its top dead center. .
燃料噴射弁１０は、弁本体１１と、燃料噴射弁１ｏの先
端部であるアトマイザ１２と、主燃料用ニードル１３と
、副燃料用ニードル１４とを備えている。The fuel injection valve 10 includes a valve body 11, an atomizer 12 which is the tip of the fuel injection valve 1o, a main fuel needle 13, and an auxiliary fuel needle 14.
アトマイザ１２は、弁本体１１の下端部にキャップ１６
により固定されており、このアトマイザ１２には、軸中
心線上に副燃料噴射通路１８と、この通路１８と同心円
上に主燃料噴射通路２０とがそれぞれ形成されている。The atomizer 12 has a cap 16 attached to the lower end of the valve body 11.
The atomizer 12 has an auxiliary fuel injection passage 18 formed on the axis center line, and a main fuel injection passage 20 concentrically formed with the passage 18.
またアトマイザ１２には、その軸心を中心として放射状
に主、副面燃料噴射通路２０．１８にそれぞれ連通する
複数の主燃料噴射口２１、副燃料噴射口２２が形成され
ている。Further, the atomizer 12 is formed with a plurality of main fuel injection ports 21 and a plurality of sub fuel injection ports 22, which communicate with the main and sub-surface fuel injection passages 20.18, respectively, radially centering on the axis of the atomizer 12.
主燃料用ニードル１３は、中空状で弁本体１１の軸心部
に形成された中空部に嵌挿され、図示しないばね、油圧
などで常時下方に押圧されており、主燃料用ニードル１
３の開口下端面により、主燃料噴射通路２０を閉塞して
いる。The main fuel needle 13 is hollow and is fitted into a hollow part formed in the axial center of the valve body 11, and is constantly pressed downward by a spring, oil pressure, etc. (not shown).
The main fuel injection passage 20 is closed by the open lower end surface of No. 3 .
副燃料用ニードル１４は、主燃料用ニードル１３の軸心
部に形成された中空部に嵌挿され、下部に小径の傾斜部
１４ａを有し、図示しないばね、油圧などで下方に抑圧
されており、副燃料用ニー１〜ル１４の下端面により副
燃料用噴射通路１８を閉塞している。The auxiliary fuel needle 14 is fitted into a hollow part formed in the axial center of the main fuel needle 13, has a small diameter inclined part 14a at the lower part, and is pressed downward by a spring, oil pressure, etc. (not shown). The auxiliary fuel injection passage 18 is closed by the lower end surfaces of the auxiliary fuel knees 1 to 14.
しかして弁本体１１の下端部には、主燃料通路２５から
導入される主燃料の主燃料溜り２６が設けられており、
主燃料は、主燃料用ニードル１３の下端面による主燃料
噴射通路２０の閉塞が開放されたときに、この通路２０
を経て主燃料噴射口２１から噴射される。A main fuel reservoir 26 for the main fuel introduced from the main fuel passage 25 is provided at the lower end of the valve body 11.
When the main fuel injection passage 20 is unblocked by the lower end surface of the main fuel needle 13, the main fuel is injected into the main fuel injection passage 20.
The fuel is then injected from the main fuel injection port 21.
副燃料用ニードル１４の下端面と主燃料用ニードル１３
の内周面との間には副燃料溜り２８が設けられており、
周知の燃料噴射ポンプから供給される副燃料は、副燃料
溜り２８に導入され、自身の圧力により副燃料用ニード
ル１４を上昇させて副燃料噴射通路１８を開放し、この
通路１８を経て副燃料噴射口２２から噴射される。The lower end surface of the auxiliary fuel needle 14 and the main fuel needle 13
An auxiliary fuel reservoir 28 is provided between the inner peripheral surface of the fuel tank and the inner peripheral surface of the fuel tank.
The auxiliary fuel supplied from a well-known fuel injection pump is introduced into the auxiliary fuel reservoir 28, and its own pressure raises the auxiliary fuel needle 14 to open the auxiliary fuel injection passage 18, and the auxiliary fuel passes through this passage 18. It is injected from the injection port 22.
上記の構成において、シリンダライナ３、ピストンリン
グ４、主、副面燃料用ニードル１３゜１４などの摺動部
は、特に耐摩耗性の優れた材料、例えばセラミックスで
形成されている。In the above configuration, the sliding parts such as the cylinder liner 3, piston ring 4, main and subsurface fuel needles 13 and 14 are made of a material particularly excellent in wear resistance, such as ceramics.
本発明に使用される副燃料は、石炭を石炭・水スラリ又
は石炭・油スラリで使用している。これらの性状は、微
粉炭粒径が平均１０μ以下、灰分が５％以下（望ましく
は１％以下）、粘度が石炭−水又は石炭−泊のそれぞれ
の割合を性状に変化を生じさせない範囲で加熱調整して
約３０ｃｓｔ以下にそれぞれ設定されている。The auxiliary fuel used in the present invention is coal in the form of coal/water slurry or coal/oil slurry. These properties include an average pulverized coal particle size of 10μ or less, an ash content of 5% or less (preferably 1% or less), and a viscosity of coal-water or coal-water when heated within a range that does not change the properties. Each has been adjusted to approximately 30 cst or less.
なお、石炭−水又は石炭−泊の各割合は、前記粘度条件
を満足すれば、特に制限はないが、機関の効率面からは
、石炭含有率の高いものが望ましい。−例として、石炭
・水混合燃料にて、石炭と水の混合割合を重量比で石炭
６０％〜７０％、水４０〜３０％程度とする。The ratio of coal to water or coal to water is not particularly limited as long as it satisfies the above viscosity condition, but from the standpoint of engine efficiency, a high coal content ratio is desirable. - As an example, in a coal/water mixed fuel, the mixing ratio of coal and water is approximately 60% to 70% coal and 40% to 30% water by weight.
つぎに１本発明の実施例の作用を説明する。Next, the operation of one embodiment of the present invention will be explained.
所定のタイミングで燃料噴射ポンプから副燃料溜り２８
に副燃料が供給されると、この副燃料は自身の圧力で副
燃料用ニードル１４を押し上げて副燃料噴射通路１８を
開放し、所定量の副燃料が副燃料噴射口２２より燃焼室
８内に放射状に噴射される。The auxiliary fuel reservoir 28 is discharged from the fuel injection pump at a predetermined timing.
When the auxiliary fuel is supplied to the auxiliary fuel, the auxiliary fuel pushes up the auxiliary fuel needle 14 with its own pressure, opens the auxiliary fuel injection passage 18, and a predetermined amount of auxiliary fuel is injected into the combustion chamber 8 from the auxiliary fuel injection port 22. is injected radially.
ついでその後、図示しない油溜りに導入された圧油によ
り、主燃料用ニードル１３が押し上げられて主燃料噴射
通路２０を開放し、主燃料溜り２６に供給されている主
燃料が、所定量だけ主燃料噴射口２１より燃焼室８内に
放射状に噴射され、副燃料の火炎又は高温燃焼ガスによ
り点火する。Thereafter, the main fuel needle 13 is pushed up by pressure oil introduced into an oil reservoir (not shown) to open the main fuel injection passage 20, and a predetermined amount of the main fuel supplied to the main fuel reservoir 26 is transferred to the main fuel injection passage 20. The fuel is injected radially into the combustion chamber 8 from the fuel injection port 21 and ignited by the flame of the auxiliary fuel or high-temperature combustion gas.
ところで本発明は、副燃料として石炭を石炭・水スラリ
又は石炭・油スラリの形で使用されており、主燃料と副
燃料のシリンダ内への噴射割合は、通常発熱量ベースで
主燃料９０〜９５％、副燃料Ｓ〜１０％程度である。ま
た、その性状は、微粉炭粒径平均１０μ以下、灰分５％
以下、粘度３０ｃｓｔ以下となるように設定されており
、シリンダライナ３、ピストンリング４、主、副面燃料
用ニードル１３．１４などの摺動部の摩耗を可及的に小
さくすることができる。さらに、前記各摺動部がセラミ
ックで形成されており、各摺動部の耐摩耗性が向上する
。By the way, in the present invention, coal is used as an auxiliary fuel in the form of a coal/water slurry or a coal/oil slurry, and the injection ratio of the main fuel and the auxiliary fuel into the cylinder is usually 90 to 90% of the main fuel on a calorific value basis. 95%, and the auxiliary fuel S is about 10%. In addition, its properties include an average pulverized coal particle size of 10μ or less, and an ash content of 5%.
Hereinafter, the viscosity is set to be 30 cst or less, and wear of sliding parts such as the cylinder liner 3, piston ring 4, main and subsurface fuel needles 13 and 14 can be minimized. Furthermore, since each of the sliding parts is made of ceramic, the wear resistance of each sliding part is improved.
上述のとおり、本発明によれば、副燃料として石堤・水
スラリ又は石炭・油スラリか使用されているので、各摺
動部の耐摩耗性が向上するとともに、機関の運転経費を
低下させることができる。As described above, according to the present invention, either stone embankment/water slurry or coal/oil slurry is used as the auxiliary fuel, so the wear resistance of each sliding part is improved and the operating cost of the engine is reduced. be able to.
第１図は二元燃料機関の概略図、第２図は燃料噴射弁の
縦断面図である。
１・・・二元燃料機関、 ２・・・シリンダ、５
・・・ピストン、 ６・・・シリンダカバー
、８・・・燃焼室。FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a dual fuel engine, and FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of a fuel injection valve. 1...Dual fuel engine, 2...Cylinder, 5
...Piston, 6.Cylinder cover, 8.Combustion chamber.
Claims (2)
によって前記燃料に着火し燃焼させて動力を得る二元燃
料ディーゼル機関において、前記主燃料をガス燃料とし
、前記副燃料を石炭・液体混合燃料としたことを特徴と
する二元燃料ディーゼル機関の燃料。(1) In a dual-fuel diesel engine that injects a main fuel and an auxiliary fuel into a combustion chamber, and obtains power by igniting and burning the fuel through air condensation, the main fuel is gas fuel, and the auxiliary fuel is coal.・Fuel for dual fuel diesel engine characterized by using liquid mixed fuel.
均１０μ以下、灰分５％以下、粘度３０ｃｓｔ以下であ
ることを特徴とする特許請求の範囲第１項記載の二元燃
料ディーゼル機関の燃料。(2) The dual fuel diesel engine according to claim 1, wherein the coal/liquid mixed fuel has properties such that the average pulverized coal particle size is 10 μm or less, the ash content is 5% or less, and the viscosity is 30 cst or less. fuel.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP60260656A JPS62121854A (en) | 1985-11-20 | 1985-11-20 | Fuel for dual-fuel diesel engine |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP60260656A JPS62121854A (en) | 1985-11-20 | 1985-11-20 | Fuel for dual-fuel diesel engine |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS62121854A true JPS62121854A (en) | 1987-06-03 |
Family
ID=17350946
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP60260656A Pending JPS62121854A (en) | 1985-11-20 | 1985-11-20 | Fuel for dual-fuel diesel engine |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS62121854A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0546985A1 (en) * | 1991-12-10 | 1993-06-16 | New Sulzer Diesel Ag | Fuel injection valve for a reciprocating internal combustion engine optionally operating on diesel oil or on a gaseous fuel |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS59162337A (en) * | 1983-03-07 | 1984-09-13 | Yanmar Diesel Engine Co Ltd | Diesel engine by fuel of low temperature boiling point |
-
1985
- 1985-11-20 JP JP60260656A patent/JPS62121854A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS59162337A (en) * | 1983-03-07 | 1984-09-13 | Yanmar Diesel Engine Co Ltd | Diesel engine by fuel of low temperature boiling point |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0546985A1 (en) * | 1991-12-10 | 1993-06-16 | New Sulzer Diesel Ag | Fuel injection valve for a reciprocating internal combustion engine optionally operating on diesel oil or on a gaseous fuel |
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