JPS6212023A - Electromagnetic relay - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] [Industrial application field] The present invention relates to a zt electromagnetic relay.

[Conventional technology]

FIG. 8 is a side sectional view of a conventional electromagnetic relay, and FIG. 9 is a side sectional view showing the operating state of the electromagnetic relay of FIG. The electromagnetic relay shown in Fig. 8 has a yoke with 19 windings and 3. Armature 4. Movable spring 5. Opening spring 6. Separation spring pressurizing protrusion 7. Movable contact 8a, movable contact 8b, fixed contact 9a, fixed contact 9b,
It has a fixed contact terminal 10a and a fixed contact terminal 10b'i. The winding 2 is wound around the iron core 1, and the yoke 3 has an L-shaped cross section and includes a first portion having a first plane substantially parallel to the central axis of the iron core 1 inside, and The iron core 1 has a second portion having a second plane on the inside that is substantially perpendicular to the plane, and is made of a magnetic material, and the second plane is fixed to one end of the iron core 1 in the central axis direction. The armature 4 has a protrusion 41 in the center of the surface,
It has a flat back surface and is plate-shaped made of magnetic material,
One end side is rotatably fixed to the end of the first portion. The movable spring 5 has movable contacts 3 on both the front and back sides of the tip.
a, 3b are fixed leaf springs with rectangular surfaces,
One end is fixed to the projection 41. The separation spring 6 is a leaf spring whose one end is fixed to the protrusion 41 and whose central portion is bent at a predetermined angle. The separation spring pressurizing protrusion 7 has one end surface fixed to a frame (not shown) of the electromagnetic relay, and the other end surface opposite to the one end surface has a length pressed against the other end of the separation spring 6. It is a square-shaped protrusion. The fixed contact 9a contacts and is pressed by the movable contact 8a, and is disposed at one end of the fixed contact terminal 10a. The fixed contact 9b is disposed at one end of the fixed contact terminal 10b, facing the movable contact 8b.

The other end of the fixed contact terminal 10a and the other end of the fixed contact terminal 10b are each fixed to the frame.

FIG. 10 is an armature-force characteristic diagram for explaining the operation of the relay shown in FIG. This point relatively represents the position of the armature 4 during non-operation. The vertical axis represents the force, f is a broken line showing the load force on the armature 4 due to the movable spring 5 and the separation spring 6, %Fl is the contact force between the fixed contact 9a and the movable contact 8a, and F2 is the fixed contact 9b.
This is the contact force between the movable contact 8b and the movable contact 8b. F(Φ) is winding 2
It represents the total magnetic attraction force generated between the armature 4 and the iron core 1 when the armature is excited. In Fig. 8, when a current is passed through the first winding 2, a magnetic flux Φ is generated in the path of the iron core 1 - armature 4 - yoke 3, and this magnetic flux Φ passes through the gap between the armature 4 and the iron core 1. Therefore, the armature 4 is attracted to the iron core 1 by magnetic attraction force. As shown in FIG. 10, if this magnetic attraction force F (Φ) is larger than the load force f on the armature 4' due to the movable spring 5 and the separation spring 6, the armature 4 will be separated from the iron core 1. It moves in the direction of the arrow from the position of point B when it is inactive, with no current flowing through the coil, to the position of point A when it is in operation, with current flowing through the coil. That is, the armature 4 moves from the point B to the opening spring 6.
The electromagnetic relay resists the restoring force of , is assisted by the restoring force of the movable spring 5, reaches point C, reaches the opening A from point C, and stops, and this electromagnetic relay is stabilized in the operating state.

[Problem to be Solved by the Invention 3] As stated above, in order to operate the electromagnetic relay shown in FIG. must be greater than the mechanical load force of the separation spring 6 and the movable spring 5 shown by the load curve f over the entire stroke of the armature 4. Therefore, in order to reduce the driving power of this electromagnetic relay, it is necessary to reduce the contact forces Fl and F2 of the contacts shown in FIG. 10, or to reduce the moving distance of the armature 4. However, if the contact force of the contact points is reduced, the reliability of the contact deteriorates, and if the moving distance of the armature 4 is reduced, it is necessary to increase the accuracy of the component parts in order to maintain the same reliability of contact. However, there is a problem in that the electromagnetic relay is expensive.

An object of the present invention is to provide an electromagnetic relay that uses low driving power while ensuring reliability.

[Means for solving problems]

An electromagnetic relay according to the present invention includes an iron core made of a magnetic material, a winding wound around the entire iron core, one magnetic pole surface fixed to one end in the central axis direction of the iron core, and substantially parallel to the one magnetic pole surface. a permanent magnet having the other magnetic pole surface, a second portion having an L-shaped cross section and having a first plane on the inside that is substantially parallel to the central axis of the iron core 2, and a second portion that is perpendicular to the first plane. a second portion having a second flat surface on the inside thereof, the yoke is made of a magnetic material and has the second flat surface fixed to the other magnetic pole surface of the permanent magnet; an armature made of a magnetic material and rotatably fixed to an end of the section; a movable spring having one end fixed to the armature; and a first arm fixed to the tip of the movable spring.

A second movable contact, first and second fixed contacts disposed opposite to the first and second movable contacts, and a force applied to the armature in a direction to separate the entire armature from the iron core. When no current is applied to the winding, the armature comes into contact with the other end of the iron core due to the attractive force caused by the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet, and the first movable contact The first fixed contact is pressed, the second movable contact faces the second fixed contact across a predetermined gap, and magnetic flux is generated in the iron core in a direction opposite to the magnetic flux generated by the permanent magnet. By passing current through the winding and reducing the attractive force, the armature separates from the other end of the iron core, the first movable contact separates from the first fixed contact, and the second movable contact separates from the other end of the iron core. The second fixed contact is pressed.

〔Example〕

FIG. 1 is a side sectional view showing an embodiment of the electromagnetic relay of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a side sectional view showing the operating state of the electromagnetic relay of FIG. The electromagnetic relay shown in Fig. 1 consists of l permanent magnets 11. Iron core 11 winding 2. Yoke 3. Armature 4, movable spring 5. Opening spring 6. Separation spring pressurizing protrusion 7. Movable contact 3a, movable contact 8
b, fixed contact 9a, fixed contact 9b, fixed contact terminal 10a
, and a fixed contact terminal 10b. Winding 2 is iron core 1
The permanent magnet 11 has one magnetic pole surface fixed to one end of the iron core 1 in the central axis direction, and has the other magnetic pole surface substantially parallel to the one magnetic pole surface. The yoke 3 has an L-shaped cross section, and has a first part having a first plane on the inside that is substantially parallel to the central axis of the iron core 1, and a second part that has a second plane that is substantially perpendicular to the first plane on the inside. a second portion having a magnetic material;
The other magnetic pole surface of the permanent magnet 11 is fixed to the second plane.

The armature 4 has a protrusion 41 in the center of the front surface, has a flat back surface, and does not have a metal plate made of magnetic material.

One end side is rotatably fixed to the end of the first portion. The movable spring 5 has movable contacts 8 on both the front and back sides of the tip.
It is a leaf spring with a rectangular surface to which a and 8b are fixed, and one end is fixed to the protrusion 41.

The separation spring 6 is a leaf spring whose one end is fixed to the protrusion 41 and whose central portion is bent at a predetermined angle. The separation spring pressing protrusion 7 has one end surface fixed to a frame (not shown) of the electromagnetic relay, and the other end surface facing the one end surface is pressed against the other end of the separation spring 6. It is a square-shaped protrusion. The fixed contact 9a is disposed at one end of the fixed contact terminal 10a, facing the movable contact 8a. The fixed contact 9b is disposed at one end of the fixed contact terminal 10b, facing the movable contact 8b.

The other end of the fixed contact terminal 10a and the other end of the fixed contact terminal 10b are each fixed to the frame.

Figure 3 is the ninth load-attractive force characteristic diagram explaining the operation of the relay in Figure 1, where the horizontal axis is the armature displacement and points A and B are when the relay in Figure 1 is not operating. and a point that relatively represents the position of the armature 4 during operation. The vertical axis represents the force, f is a curve showing the load force on the armature 4 due to the movable spring 5 and the separation spring 6, Fl is the contact force between the fixed contact 9a and the movable contact 8a, and F2 is the fixed contact force. 9b and the movable contact 8b. F(Φo), F(Φ2) are the first
It represents the magnetic attraction force between the armature 4 and the iron core 1 when the relay shown in the figure is not operating and when it is operating. When the winding 2 is not in operation, as shown in FIG. is attracted to and comes into contact with, and is located at the point on the horizontal axis in FIG. When the iron core 1 and the armature 4 come into contact, the movable contact 8b presses the fixed contact 9b, and the movable contact 8a faces the fixed contact 9a with a predetermined gap.

To operate this electromagnetic relay, the magnetic flux Φ is required. A current is passed through the winding 2 so as to generate a magnetic flux Φl passing through the path of the iron core 1 - armature 4 - yoke 3 - permanent magnet 11 in the direction opposite to the direction of The attractive force F(Φ2) due to the magnetic flux Φ2 is reduced by the magnetic flux Φ2 which is the difference between If there is a relationship of Φ2)×f, the movable contact 8a will be separated, and further, the movable contact 8a will come into contact with the fixed contact 9a at the position of point C of the armature 4, satisfying the relationship of F(Φ2)×f. After the movable contact 8a contacts the fixed contact, the armature 4 moves on the horizontal axis in a state where the difference between the restoring force of the movable spring 5 and the restoring force of the separation spring 6 balances the magnetic attraction force F (Φ2). point B'
It stops at the position , and the electromagnetic relay enters the operating state as shown in FIG. In this state, the movable contact 8a and the fixed contact 9a
The contact force with the separation spring 6 is the restoring force of the separation spring 6 and the magnetic attraction force F (Φ
2) depends on the magnetic flux Φ2. In FIG. 3, the magnetic flux Φ1 generated by passing a current through the winding 2 is caused by the fact that the armature 4 is connected to the iron core 1.
The current flowing through the winding 2 is about 50% of the magnetic flux generated by the permanent magnet 11 when the permanent magnet 11 is in contact with the magnetic flux Φ0.

It can be driven with approximately 25 yen of the driving power of the electromagnetic relay shown in FIG.

The armature displacement AB' between point A and point B' on the horizontal axis in FIG. 3 is approximately 90% of the armature displacement AB of the electromagnetic relay in FIG. 8 (FIG. 10). The contact force F1 between the movable contact 8a and the fixed contact 9a shown in FIG. 3 of the electromagnetic relay is about 1/2 of the contact force F2 of the electromagnetic relay shown in FIG. can be kept. That is, the electromagnetic relay shown in Fig. 1 requires approximately 1/4 the driving power compared to a conventional electromagnetic relay that does not have a permanent magnet 11 as shown in Fig. 8, and substantially maintains the reliability of the contacts. It will be done.

FIGS. 4, 5, 6, and 7 are diagrams showing the non-operating state and operating state of the second and third embodiments of the present invention, respectively. Figure 4 is.

In place of the separation spring 6 in the electromagnetic relay of FIG. 1, a bent plate-shaped hinge spring 12r is shown in the operating state. In the electromagnetic relay shown in Fig. 4, if a predetermined current is passed through the winding 2 in a direction that produces a magnetic flux in the opposite direction to the magnetic flux produced by the permanent magnet 11, the electromagnetic relay shown in Fig. 5 will be similar to the electromagnetic relay shown in Fig. 1. It can be put into an operating state like this. FIG. 6 shows a helical coil spring 13 in place of the separation spring 6 in the electromagnetic relay shown in FIG. FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an inoperative state of an electromagnetic relay in which both ends are fixed to the frame and the back surface of the armature 4, respectively. 6th
In the electromagnetic relay 1 shown in the figure, if a predetermined current is passed through the winding 2 in a direction that generates a magnetic flux in the opposite direction to the magnetic flux produced by the permanent magnet 11, the electromagnetic relay 1 shown in FIG. It can be put into operation state.

〔Effect of the invention〕

According to the present invention, as described above, by providing a permanent magnet in contact with the iron core around which the winding is wound, an electromagnetic relay with low driving power and reliable contact contact can be obtained.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

1 and 2 are side sectional views showing the structure of an embodiment of the electromagnetic relay of the present invention, FIG. 3 is an armature displacement-force characteristic diagram of the electromagnetic relay of FIG. 1, and FIGS. The figure is a side sectional view showing the structure of a second embodiment of the present invention. 6 and 7 are side sectional views showing the structure of a third embodiment of the present invention, FIGS. 8 and 9 are side sectional views showing the structure of a conventional electromagnetic relay, and FIG. FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the characteristics of the camellia leg and variable forces of the electromagnetic relay shown in the figure. 1...Iron core, 2...Winding, 3...
... Yoke, 4 ... Armature, 5 ... Movable spring, 6 ... Separation spring, 7 ... Separation spring pressurizing projection, 8a, 8b...Movable contact, 9a,
9b...Fixed contact, 10a, 10b...
・Fixed contact terminal, 11...Permanent magnet, 12...
... Hinge spring, 13... Coil spring. Agent Patent Attorney Susumu Uchihara No. 21 Ushi 2 Takashi 3 Ushi 2 Takashi 3 Ushi 2 Takashi 3 Ushi 2 Takashi 3 Ushi 2 Takashi

Claims (1)

[Claims] An iron core made of a magnetic material, a winding wound around the iron core, one magnetic pole surface fixed to one end in the central axis direction of the iron core, and the other magnetic pole surface substantially parallel to the one magnetic pole surface. a permanent magnet; a first portion having an L-shaped cross section and having a first plane on the inside that is substantially parallel to the central axis of the iron core; and a second plane that is substantially perpendicular to the first plane on the inside; a yoke made of a magnetic material and having the second plane fixed to the other pole face of the permanent magnet; an armature made of a magnetic material and rotatably fixed to the armature, a movable spring having one end fixed to the armature, and first and second movable contacts fixed to the tips of the movable spring. , first and second fixed contacts disposed opposite to the first and second movable contacts, and a separating member that applies a force to the armature in a direction to separate the armature from the iron core. and when no current flows through the winding, the armature contacts the other end of the iron core due to the attractive force due to the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet, and the first movable contact contacts the first fixed contact. is pressed, the second movable contact faces the second fixed contact with a predetermined gap, and a current is generated in the iron core to cause a magnetic flux in the opposite direction to the magnetic flux generated by the permanent magnet to be applied to the winding. The armature separates from the other end of the iron core by flowing and reducing the suction force, the first movable contact separates from the first fixed contact, and the second movable contact separates from the second fixed contact. An electromagnetic relay characterized by pressing contacts.