JPS62119290A - Coke oven lid of horizontal chamber coke oven - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Field of Application J] The present invention provides a heat-insulating device through a protective shield consisting of one or more parts which at the same time serves for thermal insulation and which projects into the furnace chamber and is connected to the furnace cover body. Relating to a coke oven cover of a horizontal chamber coke oven, the oven charge is kept at a constant distance from the oven cover body, and the oven cover body is pressed against the oven cover frame by at least one locking device during the coking process. .

[Conventional technology]

A coke oven lid of this type is described in particular in DE 33 27 337 A1. This culm plan is intended for the configuration of sterilization of the hearth body with an attached sealing device. This new hearth body is distinguished by a particularly lightweight construction style, cost advantages and a durable high sealing effect compared to conventional hearths. According to DE 33 27 337 A1, the new furnace cover body is partially combined with a conventional refractory furnace cover plug.

Furthermore, from German Patent No. 238 363 a a coke oven lid is known which has a movable protective shield mounted on the rear wall, the protective shield being connected to the oven by means of an articulated intermediate part. It is connected to the back of the lid and is movable relative to the furnace lid. In this case, the protective shield, which is connected to the rear side of the furnace lid by an articulated intermediate part, must be able to be held in the respective position from the outside by means of an actuating device. According to the description of the exemplary embodiment in this patent specification, the protective shield is constructed as a one-piece flat plate with reinforcing ribs on the rear side.

It has been found that in coke oven covers of this type, which have a one-part flat plate extending over the height of the oven cover, difficulties which hitherto have not been overcome arise when the protective shield is made of metal. Particularly obvious is the severe deformation of the one-part protective shield. Very large bending occurs because the temperature drop on the protective shield surface on the coke side is greater than that on the protective shield surface on the lid body side.

At the time of filing DE 238363, the typical height of coke ovens was between 1.5 and 2 m. For such small roof heights, the total deformation of the protective shield is probably still within permissible limits. In coke oven heights of 4 m, 6 m common today, and in the future 8I11 and above, the entire shape of the protective shield results in a gap between the bottom of the furnace and the protective shield and between the protective shield and the chamber wall. Openings occur in the furnace, allowing excess coal to flow between the protective shield and the lid body. This effect is even much stronger in the case of dry-heated coking coal, especially preheated charge coal.

Recently, the idea of full-flex protective shields has been revisited. In this case, two solutions have been undertaken.

An example of one solution is US Pat. No. 4,086,145. Therein, efforts are being made to prevent distortion by as strong a connection and support as possible of the protective shield in the furnace body. Powerful here means: That is, the protective shield is connected to the hearth body via at least one connection extending over the entire length of the protective shield. In some embodiments, support bars are provided on both sides of the interface. In a further embodiment, two connections are provided which extend at a distance from each other and which are additionally reinforced by lateral ribs.

However, this solution has disadvantages, in particular thermal engineering, due to the introduction of contact heat into the lid body by the connections, ribs and support rods. As a result of the associated temperature increase in the lid body, undesirable leakage is likely to occur.

An example of the other solution taken is DE 31 05 703 A1.

There is shown a protective shield which is constructed in the form of a scale, ie consists of a number of small individual parts that overlap. Each individual part is attached separately. These small individual parts are subjected to the same overall thermal expansion in percentage terms as the one-part protective shield. However, the absolute thermal expansion of each individual part is much smaller than that of a one-part protective shield. Due to the independent suspension of the various individual parts and the overlapping arrangement of the individual parts, thermal deformations of each individual part have less of an effect on the other individual parts. The total thermal deformation is within the tolerable range.

New proposal, Federal Republic of Germany Patent Application No. 3440
According to the '311 patent, an alternative strategy is chosen while maintaining a one-part protective shield, or disadvantageous thermal loads are avoided while using a multi-part protective shield. In this case, we start from the following considerations. This means that operational difficulties can occur in the raw gas passage between the furnace cover body and the protective shield, because the raw gas path is generally enlarged in this type of furnace cover and the resulting gas pressure is is attributable to the fact that, depending on the operating manifold pressure in the coke oven bank, after a short carbonization period it quickly averages out and passes from a positive value to a negative value over the roof height, i.e. In this case, a negative pressure develops from the initial positive pressure. This causes suction. With coke oven covers that are not sufficiently airtight, this phenomenon inevitably leads to the ingress of air between the chamber frame and the cover body. This air flows into the raw gas passage where it causes, inter alia, the following disturbances: Thus, the corrosive nature of oxygen can lead to insidious destruction of the hot head brickwork in the furnace chamber. If the airtightness is extremely poor, the attachment of the metal protective shield to the coke oven cover body may melt or be destroyed. This effect can be compared to combustion welding.

Operational difficulties were also observed due to the temperature drop that existed. In this case, the resulting raw gas temperature, over the entire distance G in the enlarged raw gas duct and over the distance between the protective shield and the furnace cover body and the distance between the chamber walls, is approximately equal to It is assumed that the temperature is 500 to 700°C.

Therefore, at a coke temperature of about 1100°C, about 4
A temperature rise from the protective shield to the raw gas path of 00 to 600°C occurs. This phenomenon necessarily gives rise to expansion effects or unacceptable stresses between the relatively cold brickwork in the area of the raw gas passage and the relatively hot brickwork or the relatively cold furnace frame in contact with the coal. . This can lead to unpredictable wall damage in the area of head brickwork. Furthermore, due to the low wall temperature, the gas permeation of the brick material increases significantly, and the surface texture of the brick material changes increasingly unfavorably with the operating time of the coke oven,
prone to bursting and cracking.

Additionally, the older proposal suggests that in coke ovens that are underfilled or overfilled with coking coal (where coke extrusion is delayed), the protective shield used is Due to the intense heating, it is assumed that the increased heat radiation onto the protective shield acts unhindered on the hearth body and on the chamber frame. This thermal effect is caused on the one hand by a conventionally cast furnace lid body (thereby
on the other hand leads to unrestrained deformation of the chamber frame. In the room frame, the frame seam between the brickwork and the room frame is exposed due to the increased bowing of the room frame. So-called frame joint leakage occurs.

Finally, the older proposal takes into account that at normal coke oven temperatures, the protective shield described at the beginning is susceptible to severe distortion due to its shape as a one-part plane, continuous over the coke oven height. ing. This gives rise to the already mentioned danger that the protective shield will become entangled with the oven wall and be torn off during installation or removal of the coke oven lid. This results in damage to the furnace walls. Furthermore, the deflection that occurs in the shield increases the opening width of the gap between the shield and the coke oven wall. This increases undesirable coal buildup in the raw gas path. If the charging mixture has a low water content (less than 10% by weight 1120), the E-char deposit in the enlarged raw gas channel is particularly large. There, the coal leads to the disadvantage of uncontrolled condensate formation in the sequence of furnace lid sealing due to low head temperature or forms a semi-coke plug of high height, which plug depends on each furnace operation. must be removed manually and time consuming by an operator.

According to the older proposal, all these difficulties could be solved by maintaining a one-piece protective shield extending over the roof height or by using a multi-piece protective shield. At least one further single-part or multi-part shield is arranged between the protective shield and the roof body.

The additional shielding creates two raw gas channels, which can be referred to as the inner raw gas channel on the coke side and the outer raw gas channel on the lid body side. If there are several additional shields, there will be more raw gas passages.

The raw gas extraction flow can be controlled or equalized by the inner and outer raw gas passages, and the raw gas pressure at the sealing surface between the coke oven cover and the chamber frame is optimized in a measurable positive range. Ru.

The protective shield closer to the lid body acts as a shield, thereby reducing the heat radiation of the lid body to the outside. Optionally, a further protective shield is arranged & arranged between the protective shield on the coke side and the furnace lid body. According to the older proposal, the protective shield is attached to the body of the hearth by means of spacers. The space closest to the lid body, between the lid body and the protective shield, is used exclusively as a gas passage.

[Problem that the invention seeks to solve]

The underlying purpose of the invention is to improve the shielding proposed by DE 34 40 311 A1.

[Means for solving problems]

This is achieved according to the invention in that a separate protective shield is used instead of the spacing piece. This additional protective shield increases the shielding effect.

Surprisingly, this additional protective shield does not transmit significant thermal deformations to the lid body, and this protective shield achieves shape stabilization.

The hood frame now exhibits a pure shield design in its entirety, which means that it consists in principle of a covert shield (the part that acts as a shield) and is manufactured in one piece, for example for reasons of dimensional stability. Consists of double shield. These shields are loosely connected to each other, so that, for example, different temperature conditions in these parts can be taken into account with respect to expansion.

The following is achieved by the lid concept in such a shield design.

1) The raw gas withdrawal is controlled or homogenized by forming a plurality of gas expansion channels, the free cross section of the gas channels being variable with respect to changes in the depth and/or size of the plank itself, thereby The raw gas flow conditions and therefore the i? of the spy device in the measurable positive range. !
The raw gas pressure at the tight surface between the mechanism and the chamber frame is RR
(Arrangement 4 of multiple irregular cross-section pieces is possible.)
.

2) The heat radiation of the lid body (VI! sealing shield) to the outside is reduced by the shielding action of the other lJL shields. In addition to the saving of insulating material in the lid body, the shielding effect, especially in redundant or empty coke ovens, prevents high heat radiation occurring on the lid body and chamber frame.
Led. Thereby the internal insulation of the dense plank can be transferred to the outside. In addition, the external insulation makes it possible, depending on the design of the depth of the clearance shield (up to 150 mm possible), to ensure that the total gas passage cross-section is larger than the total collective space cross-section (more pressure drop on the clearance surface). Internal insulation is also possible.

3) The gas channels are freely accessible to each other with respect to the raw gas flow (the shield is fitted with slits or has an upper and lower side).

4) Due to the shielding effect, a uniform temperature reduction is achieved along the head brickwork starting from the shield in contact with the coal or coke in the direction of the back of the lid body.

5) Compared to conventional furnace lid structures, the shape of the shield provides very high shape stability even at normal high coke oven temperatures.

6) Since the wall thickness of the profiled material can be considerably reduced, the one-page attachment to the furnace lid body with sufficient bending strength has a very advantageous effect on further reducing the weight h1 of the entire furnace lid.

7) Other shapes of the shield with the same properties are possible.

8) Due to the symmetrical construction of the shields, the shields are interchangeable with each other.

9) Due to the complementary construction of the shield and the problem-free manufacture of these parts, the entire concept is cost-effective over conventional construction.

)υ The entire hearth has recently been constructed in units, resulting in significant cost savings in the maintenance or care of the hearth.

+1) The shield design no longer has expensive welded seams, and the methods of sulfur welding available on the market can be transferred to this concept by far as force connections (further cost savings).

〔Example〕

The older proposal is shown in Figures 1-7. Figures 8-11 show two embodiments of the invention.

In the drawing, a furnace chamber with an attached heating wall or chamber wall is shown in a pan. A lid frame 7 extends around the vertical opening of the furnace chamber l, into which the coke lid frame 81 and groove 6 of the installed coke oven lid are in contact. The coke oven cover is equipped with a force transmission device and a closed M device, as described, for example, in DE 33 27 337 A1.
It consists of a hearth body with 4 parts. The force transmission device extends as a hollow profile along the lid frame and has at least a locking device.
It is connected to the furnace lid frame via 4. L on this locking device
is configured as a spring locking device. Associated therewith are a restraining hook on the lid frame 7 and a swingable beam on the lid body, which act on the lid body via a spring or a piston. The cover device has a sealing plate 5 which is pressed onto the lid frame via a number of uniformly distributed and elastically supported screws 4 around the circumference of the lid frame. A covering is shown at 5a, which serves for insulation. In order to improve the thermal insulation from the outside, the sealing plate 5 can be constructed as a hollow profile, in which case the hollow profile is covered with an insulating material 5b. In this case, the sealing plate can be provided with a bulge on one side to the outside according to FIGS. 1 and 7A. Square pieces are attached to the inner surface of the sealing plate 5 distributed over the height, and among these square pieces, the square pieces! 5 is screwed via screws 16 to further square pieces 14, which are connected to a profile 9 as an outer protective shield. The connection between the profile 9 and the square piece 14 is carried out by hooking the profile 9 with a suitable pin 9a onto the square piece 14.

Instead of square pieces 15, flanges or other profiles or screws can also be used. A further profile is attached to the profile 9 as a protective shield via pins 13 symmetrically with the spacing piece. In FIGS. 1 and 2, the positions 14 of the profiles are indicated with dashed lines at a large distance from each other at +8.19. In FIGS. 4 and 5, the difference between small and large spacings of the profiles is made clear.

The above explanation up to the configurations shown in FIGS. 4 and 5,
It also applies to protective shields made up of multiple fli positions.

According to FIG. 5a, a plurality of fji positions are arranged one above the other in the protective shield.

In this case, the profiles of the inner protective shield 8 forming the unit overlap, while the profiles of the outer protective shield 9 are heated
They abut each other with sufficient play for expansion.

In the embodiment, the distance between the inner shield 8 and the sealing surface between the lid body and the lid frame 7 is 400 mm. The spacing between both protective shields is 120 mm.

This corresponds to the depth of a normal brick stopper. In practice, depending on the manner of operation of the coke oven, the distance between the two protective shields 8 and 9 and the distance from the outer protective shield 9 to the gas surface between the lid body and the lid frame 7 The ratio is preferably from lit to 1:10, preferably from l:3 to l:5.

FIG. 3 shows a series of possible groove cross-sections for the profile. These profiles may be rolled and/or angled and/or bent in one part, or they may consist of several parts. These parts can be screwed or welded. In the simplest case, it is constructed as a profiled smooth metal plate. A cross section according to FIG. 3 is advantageous. 1st
According to the figure, the profiles are connected to each other by lateral forces in cross section and have a central d bulge between the joining points, while according to 3.l of FIG. 3 the opposite is true. 3 in Figure 3
．． According to No. 1, the profiles have a small spacing in the center, where they are connected to each other via pins 13, while on the outside they have a large spacing to the chamber wall. On the outside, the protective shields again extend parallel to each other. The protective shield can also be bent squarely outwards in an arc towards the chamber wall, as shown at 3.6 in FIG.

According to FIG. 3, 3.7, the ends are first bent outwards in an arc and then inward again in a semicircle, so that the ends face each other. Furthermore, 3.1 in Figure 3
3.4 to 3.4 have various intermediate bulges which are grooved outwardly in the form of a triangle, semicircle or trapezoid.

All protective shields according to FIG. 3 can be used together.

Thus, for example, the profile 9 of 3.1 of FIG. 3 can be combined with the profile 9 of 3.2 of FIG. This serves in particular to increase the moment of resistance of the shield structure.

From FIGS. 6 and 7, it can be seen that an additional dense +
The plate 24 can be seen. In the exemplary embodiment, only one row of sealing plates is provided between the two profiles 8 and 9. However, instead of this one column, there are multiple columns of l'i! ! The planks can be arranged 4 between the front and rear profiles 8 and 9 or distributed over a plurality of profiles arranged one after the other.

Prevents gas from flowing into the outside raw gas passage between the profiled member 9 and the furnace lid body! '? ! ! In order to relieve the load on the sealing structure 6, the sealing plate 24 is placed as close as possible to the outer profile 9.

In the left half of FIG. 6, the raised profile is shown. The sealing plate 24 is separated from the chamber 9.2 in the raised position or is pressed inwardly and downwardly by the push rod 26. A sealing plate 24 projects below the profile.

On the right, in the lowered state of the profile, the protective shield and sealing plate 24 stands on the hearth bottom, and the sealing plate 24 rests against the chamber wall 2. The movement of the sealing plate is up to 60 mm for profiles 8 and 9. The gap between the profiles 8 and 9 and the chamber wall 2 has a size of up to 20 mm in the exemplary embodiments, depending on the width of the coke oven carbonization chamber.

For example, at an average chamber width of 45 cm, a gap of 15+am is provided.

From FIG. 7 the S-shaped shape of the sealing plate 24 can be seen, in which case the sealing plate is in contact with the outer profile 9 on the inside and with the profile 8 on the outside! ! ! A vertical gap for gas flow is left between the glass plate and the glass plate.

The various sealing plates 24 of the three units of the multi-part protective shield shown in FIG. When installed, the upward movement of the bottom sealing plate 24 is on it! 'P! Tell the board. The same applies to descending motion. In other words, if the sealing strip is difficult to dislodge from the chamber wall due to its downward movement during removal of the furnace cover, this resistance is overcome by the weight of the other sealing strips. As a joint, a hinge with two hinge joints can be used, which guarantees force transmission in the vertical direction 1α and allows freedom of movement in the horizontal direction in the longitudinal direction of the furnace chamber.

The shield structure according to the invention according to FIGS. 8 to 10 differs from the shield structure according to FIGS. ing. The shield 40 is screwed together with the sealing plate 5 and the shields 8 and 9. There are a number of screws distributed over the length of the lid structure. One of these screws, or a pair of screws arranged at the same height, is fixed, and the other screw undergoes thermal expansion due to movement in the longitudinal slit. For this purpose, the screw is loosely fitted, but is prevented from becoming completely unscrewed, for example by a locking nut. The shield 40 is
The shields 8 and 9 are manufactured in the same manner as the shields 8 and 9 so as to have dimensions resulting from the spacing between the shields 8 and 9 and the lid body and dimensions resulting from the protrusion of the sealing plate 5. The sealing plate 5 can likewise be regarded as a shield. Advantageously, all shields 5+8+9 and 40 can be manufactured from sheet pile material.

According to FIGS. 1f and 11a, the sealing plate 5 is replaced by a profile 50 with a large protrusion of 150 mm. Instead of the shield 40, a shield 41 is provided, the legs of which extend precisely towards the edge of the profile 50 created by the bulge. Furthermore, the shield 41 has a large number of slits 42 on the sides.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Figure 1 is a horizontal sectional view of the furnace lid attached to the chamber opening, Figure 2 is a vertical sectional view of a portion of the furnace lid, and Figure 3 is a cross sectional view of a series of protective shields that can be installed. 4 and 5 are vertical cross-sections of a coke oven lid with different spacing between the protective shields, FIG. 5a is a vertical cross-section of a coke oven lid with a multi-part protective shield, and FIG. Partial sectional view of the protective shield with the sealing plate in the upper and lower raised states in the coke oven carbonization chamber, Figure 7 is a horizontal view of another coke oven lid, Figure 8 10 to 10 are diagrams showing the grooves and protrusions of the shield according to the present invention directly connected to the furnace cover body, and FIGS. 11 and 11a are diagrams showing the structure of another shield according to the present invention.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. The furnace charge can be connected to the furnace lid body through a protective shield consisting of one or more parts, which at the same time serves for thermal insulation, projects into the furnace chamber and is connected to the furnace lid body. The lid body is pressed against the furnace lid frame during the coking process by at least one locking device, and there is at least one separate space between the protective shield and the lid body. a two-part or multi-part shield is provided;
A coke oven lid of a horizontal chamber coke oven, characterized in that, in the coke oven lid of a horizontal chamber coke oven, a further protective shield (40, 41) is directly connected to the oven lid body (5, 50). 2 Shielding body (8, 9, 40, 41) and furnace lid body (5, 5
2. A coke oven lid as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the connection between 0) and 0) is provided with an elongation compensator. 3. A coke oven according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the shielding body (40, 41) directly connected to the furnace cover body has lateral slits (42). lid.