JPS6210947B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPS6210947B2 JPS6210947B2 JP10752883A JP10752883A JPS6210947B2 JP S6210947 B2 JPS6210947 B2 JP S6210947B2 JP 10752883 A JP10752883 A JP 10752883A JP 10752883 A JP10752883 A JP 10752883A JP S6210947 B2 JPS6210947 B2 JP S6210947B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- cement
- concrete
- shrinkage
- drying shrinkage
- present
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene oxide Chemical compound C1CO1 IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene oxide Chemical compound CC1CO1 GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 description 16
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000001603 reducing effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 4
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001723 curing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000003903 2-propenyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001294 Reinforcing steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- AWMVMTVKBNGEAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene oxide Chemical compound C1OC1C1=CC=CC=C1 AWMVMTVKBNGEAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002518 antifoaming agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011400 blast furnace cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011038 discontinuous diafiltration by volume reduction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethylene glycol Natural products OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- -1 glycol ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011440 grout Substances 0.000 description 1
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000000959 isobutyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 238000004898 kneading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004108 n-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000004123 n-propyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
- Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
- Fats And Perfumes (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
本発明は、コンクリート、モルタルあるいはこ
れに類するセメント混合物の乾燥収縮を大巾に低
減する材料に関するものである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a material that significantly reduces the drying shrinkage of concrete, mortar, or similar cement mixtures.
一般に、コンクリート、モルタル、グラウトな
どのセメントと水の混合物は、硬化と乾燥に伴な
つて体積の減少を示す。これは「乾燥収縮」と呼
ばれる現象であつて、コンクリートの壁体、床版
のひびわれの主たる原因である。 Generally, cement and water mixtures such as concrete, mortar, and grout exhibit a volume reduction as they harden and dry. This is a phenomenon called "drying shrinkage" and is the main cause of cracks in concrete walls and floor slabs.
このひびわれは、構造物の機能の低下、剛性の
低下をもたらすばかりでなく、ひびわれ部分から
水と空気がコンクリートの内部に浸透することに
より、コンクリートの中性化を促進し、内部の鉄
筋の錆を促進して、構造物の耐久性を著しく損な
うものである。 These cracks not only cause a decline in the functionality and rigidity of the structure, but also allow water and air to penetrate into the concrete through the cracks, promoting neutralization of the concrete and rusting of the reinforcing steel inside. This accelerates this and significantly impairs the durability of the structure.
乾燥収縮に起因するひびわれに対する一般的対
策としては、(i)目地を設置して、ひびわれをこの
部分に集中させ、他の部分に発生しないようにす
る。(ii)ひびわれの発生しやすい筒所に予め鉄筋を
余分に配置し、この鉄筋によつて、ひびわれ巾を
小さく押える。などのことが行なわれてきたが、
いずれの対策も完全にはひびわれを制御するには
至つていない。 General measures against cracks caused by drying shrinkage include (i) installing joints to concentrate cracks in this area and prevent them from occurring in other areas; (ii) Extra reinforcing bars are placed in advance in areas where cracks are likely to occur, and these reinforcing bars keep the crack width small. Things like this have been done, but
None of the measures has reached the point of completely controlling cracks.
又、コンクリート等に膨張剤を添加して、乾燥
収縮ひびわれを防止しようとする試みが行なわれ
ているが、コンクリート等の膨張現象がセメント
の硬化の過程の極く早い時期に終了してしまつて
長期にわたる乾燥収縮には追従しない傾向がある
ほか、乾燥収縮を低減するための材の適正な添加
量を決定することが困難であるなど、ひびわれの
発生を完全に防止するには至つていない。 In addition, attempts have been made to prevent drying shrinkage cracking by adding an expanding agent to concrete, etc., but the expansion phenomenon of concrete, etc. ends very early in the cement hardening process. In addition to the fact that it tends not to follow drying shrinkage over a long period of time, it is difficult to determine the appropriate amount of material to add to reduce drying shrinkage, and cracking cannot be completely prevented. .
このような経緯から、コンクリート等の乾燥収
縮ひびわれを防止するには、乾燥収縮自体を大巾
に低減することが最も確実でしかも効果的である
ことが明らかになつてきた。このような見地か
ら、例えば、公開特許公報昭56−37258、仝昭56
−37259に示されるようなセメント用乾燥収縮低
減剤が開発されているが、これらはセメント量の
４％前後の添加量としなければ実用上の効果が得
られないので、極めて高価となる欠点があつた。 From this background, it has become clear that the most reliable and effective way to prevent drying shrinkage cracks in concrete, etc. is to significantly reduce the drying shrinkage itself. From this point of view, for example, published patent publications 1983-37258,
-37259, drying shrinkage reducing agents for cement have been developed, but these have the disadvantage of being extremely expensive, as they have to be added in an amount of around 4% of the amount of cement for practical effect. It was hot.
本発明は、叙上の事情に鑑みなされたもので、
新規化合物による試験の結果、極めて少ない使用
量で、コンクリート等の乾燥収縮を大巾に低減
し、低コストでコンクリートに生ずる乾燥収縮ひ
びわれを防止することに成功したものである。 The present invention was made in view of the above circumstances,
As a result of tests using the new compound, it was found that with an extremely small amount of use, it was possible to significantly reduce the drying shrinkage of concrete, etc., and to prevent drying shrinkage cracks that occur in concrete at a low cost.
すなわち、本発明者等は、
一般式
〔式中、R1およびR2は、水素基または炭素数１〜
４を有するアルキル基を示し、Ｘは−CH2CH2O
−を示し、Ｙは−CH2CH（CH3）Ｏ−を示し、
ｍおよびｎは０または１以上の整数であつて、ｍ
＋ｎは、１〜10を有する整数である。ＸおよびＹ
は任意の順序で配列している。すなわち、酸化エ
チレン又は酸化プロピレンの単独の付加物および
重合物、或はブロツク重合物又はランダム重合物
を示す。〕を有する化合物一種又は２種以上から
なるものの添加が、セメント乾燥収縮低減に極め
て有効であることを発見した。 That is, the inventors have the general formula [In the formula, R 1 and R 2 are a hydrogen group or a carbon number of 1 to
represents an alkyl group having 4, and X is -CH 2 CH 2 O
-, Y represents -CH2CH ( CH3 )O-,
m and n are integers of 0 or 1 or more, and m
+n is an integer having 1-10. X and Y
are arranged in any order. That is, it indicates a single adduct or polymer of ethylene oxide or propylene oxide, a block polymer, or a random polymer. It has been discovered that the addition of one or more compounds having the following properties is extremely effective in reducing drying shrinkage of cement.
前記(1)式の化合物、
一般式
に於いて、アルキル基としては、メチル基、エチ
ル基、ｎ−プロピル基、iso−プロピル基、アリ
ル基、ｎ−ブチル基、iso−ブテル基、tert−ブチ
ル基などがあげられる。しかし、これらのアルキ
ル基に限定されるものではない。 The compound of formula (1) above, general formula Examples of the alkyl group include a methyl group, ethyl group, n-propyl group, iso-propyl group, allyl group, n-butyl group, iso-butyl group, and tert-butyl group. However, it is not limited to these alkyl groups.
セメント収縮低減剤効果より、炭素数４を越え
るの場合は効果を低下させ、好ましくない。 When the number of carbon atoms exceeds 4, the effect of the cement shrinkage reducing agent decreases, which is not preferable.
ＸおよびＹは、酸化エチレン、酸化プロピレン
の単独の付加物および重合物、或は酸化エチレ
ン、酸化プロピレンのブロツク又はランダム重合
物からなり、ＸおよびＹは、任意の順序で配列し
ている。ｍ＋ｎが、10を越えるの場合、界面活性
剤としての機能を発揮し、これは、起泡性が高く
なり、強度を低下させ好ましくない。 X and Y consist of a single adduct or polymer of ethylene oxide or propylene oxide, or a block or random polymer of ethylene oxide or propylene oxide, and X and Y are arranged in any order. When m+n exceeds 10, it functions as a surfactant, which is undesirable because it increases foaming properties and reduces strength.
一般式(1)で示される化合物は、前記したよう
に、フエノールまたはアルキルフエノールに酸化
エチレンまたは酸化プロピレンを付加したもので
あるが、この化合物はアルキレンオキシドとし
て、他のオキシド、たとえばブチレンオキシド、
スチレンオキシドを炭素数２〜８のアルキレンオ
キシドとともに、性能を阻害しない程度共付加さ
せたものであつてもよく、このような化合物も本
発明の範囲に含まれる。 As mentioned above, the compound represented by the general formula (1) is a product obtained by adding ethylene oxide or propylene oxide to a phenol or alkylphenol, but this compound can also be used as an alkylene oxide with other oxides such as butylene oxide,
Styrene oxide may be co-added with alkylene oxide having 2 to 8 carbon atoms to the extent that performance is not impaired, and such compounds are also included within the scope of the present invention.
本発明の収縮低減剤のコンクリート等への添加
方法は、通常の混和剤と同様に予め、混練水に添
加してもよく、一度練り上がつたコンクリート等
に添加しても良い。また、トラツクミキサー車に
よつてコンクリートが現場に到着した後に添加し
ても良い。いずれの添加方法を採用するかは、収
縮低減剤の種類および構造物の条件等に応じて決
めれば良い。 The shrinkage reducing agent of the present invention may be added to concrete or the like in advance by adding it to kneading water in the same way as ordinary admixtures, or by adding it to concrete or the like once it has been kneaded. It may also be added after the concrete arrives at the site by truck mixer. Which addition method to adopt may be determined depending on the type of shrinkage reducing agent, the conditions of the structure, etc.
本発明の収縮低減剤は、セメントの種類、骨材
の種類、併用する混合剤および混和材料の制限を
受けない。即ち、セメントの種類としては、普通
セメント、早強セメント、中庸熱セメント、高炉
セメント、フライアツシユセメントなど通常市販
されているセメントは適用できる。また、その一
部をフライアツシユ、水砕スラグ粉末、シリカ質
混合材など置換することができ、この置換によつ
て本発明の目的が有利に達成される場合もある。 The shrinkage reducing agent of the present invention is not limited by the type of cement, the type of aggregate, the admixture and admixture materials used in combination. That is, as for the type of cement, commonly available commercially available cements such as ordinary cement, early strength cement, moderate heat cement, blast furnace cement, and fly ash cement can be used. In addition, part of it can be replaced with fly ash, granulated slag powder, siliceous mixture, etc., and the object of the present invention may be advantageously achieved by this replacement.
さらに、コンクリート用減水剤、空気連行剤、
膨張剤その他公知のコンクリート又はモルタル用
混和材料と併用することもできる。 In addition, water reducing agents for concrete, air entraining agents,
It can also be used in combination with an expanding agent and other known admixtures for concrete or mortar.
本発明の中には、微細な気泡を連行するものも
あるが、この場合には、公知の消泡剤を併用する
と良い。 Some of the present invention entrains fine air bubbles, but in this case, it is preferable to use a known antifoaming agent in combination.
本発明品を実際の構造体に適用するに際して、
乾燥収縮によるひびわれの発生が予想される箇所
に限定して使用することも可能であり、これによ
つて経済性が高まる場合もある。 When applying the present invention to an actual structure,
It is also possible to use it only in areas where cracks are expected to occur due to drying shrinkage, which may increase economic efficiency.
以下、本発明を実施例にもとづいて説明する。 Hereinafter, the present invention will be explained based on examples.
実施例 １
各種の本発明の収縮低減剤および本発明以外の
グリコールエーテル類を、それぞれセメントに対
して１および４重量％添加したものおよび添加し
ないモルタル（水セメント比60％、セメント砂比
0.5、砂としては豊浦標準砂）をJIS Ａ 1129の
コンパレーター法により乾燥収縮の測定を行なつ
た。養生方法もJIS Ａ 1129に準拠した。また、
標準水中養生を行なつた直径５cm、高さ10cmの供
試体について、材令７日および28日において、圧
縮強度試験を行なつた。試験結果を第１図の図表
１に示す。Example 1 Mortar with and without the addition of various shrinkage reducing agents of the present invention and glycol ethers other than the present invention at 1% and 4% by weight based on cement, respectively (water-cement ratio: 60%, cement-sand ratio:
0.5, Toyoura Standard Sand) was used to measure drying shrinkage using the JIS A 1129 comparator method. The curing method also complied with JIS A 1129. Also,
Compressive strength tests were conducted on specimens with a diameter of 5 cm and a height of 10 cm that had been subjected to standard water curing at 7 and 28 days of age. The test results are shown in Table 1 of FIG.
図表１中の収縮低減剤は、炭素数１〜４のもの
については、収縮低減効果があるが、炭素数４を
越えるものについては収縮低減効果がなくなる。 The shrinkage reducing agents shown in Table 1 have a shrinkage reducing effect when the number of carbon atoms is 1 to 4, but the shrinkage reducing effect is lost when the shrinkage reducing agent has more than 4 carbon atoms.
ｍ、ｎおよびｍ＋ｎの付加物は、１〜10のもの
については、収縮低減効果があるが、ｍ＋ｎが10
をこえるものについては、界面活性剤としての機
能を発揮し、起泡性が高くなり、収縮低減効果が
なくなる。 Additives of m, n and m+n have a shrinkage reducing effect for those of 1 to 10, but when m+n is 10
If it exceeds 100%, it will function as a surfactant, resulting in high foaming properties and no shrinkage reducing effect.
しかして、上記範囲を本発明品と選定した。 Therefore, the above range was selected as the product of the present invention.
実施例 ２
２種類の本発明品と比較品（前述の公開特許公
報昭56−37258号、37259号に提案のもの）をセメ
ント重量比0.1、0.3、0.5、0.7、1.0、2.0、4.0％
添加した時の乾燥収縮率を測定した。（試験方法
は実施例１と同様である。）
測定結果は、第２図の図表２に示すとおりであ
る。Example 2 Two types of products of the present invention and comparative products (proposed in the above-mentioned published patent publications Nos. 56-37258 and 37259) were used at a cement weight ratio of 0.1, 0.3, 0.5, 0.7, 1.0, 2.0, 4.0%.
The drying shrinkage rate upon addition was measured. (The test method is the same as in Example 1.) The measurement results are as shown in Chart 2 of FIG.
この結果、収縮低減剤の添加量が４％では、い
ずれの場合も殆ど効果に差はないが、本発明品の
場合１％の添加量で、４％の添加量の効果に近い
効果を有していることがわかる。即ち、公知の収
縮低減剤に比較して４分の１の添加量で同等の効
果を発揮することが明らかになつた。 As a result, when the amount of the shrinkage reducing agent added was 4%, there was almost no difference in the effect in either case, but in the case of the product of the present invention, when the amount added was 1%, the effect was close to that of the amount added at 4%. I know what you're doing. In other words, it has been revealed that the same effect can be achieved with a quarter of the amount added as compared to known shrinkage reducing agents.
しかして、本発明によれば、極めて容易に、し
かも従来の収縮低減剤に比較して低コストで、コ
ンクリート等の乾燥収縮を大巾に低減し、収縮に
起因するひびわれを防止するという、すぐれた効
果を奏するものである。 According to the present invention, the drying shrinkage of concrete, etc. can be greatly reduced, and cracks caused by shrinkage can be prevented, very easily and at a lower cost than conventional shrinkage reducing agents. It has the following effects.
第１図、第２図は本発明の各種実施例を示す図
表である。
FIGS. 1 and 2 are charts showing various embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (1)
ト用乾燥収縮低減剤。 式中、R1およびR2は、水素基または炭素数１
〜４を有するアルキル基を示し、Ｘは−
CH2CH2O−を示し、Ｙは−CH2CH（CH3）Ｏ−
示し、ｍおよびｎは０または１以上の整数であつ
て、ｍ＋ｎは、１〜10を有する整数である。Ｘお
よびＹは任意の順序で配列している。すなわち、
酸化エチレン又は酸化プロピレンの単独の付加物
および重合物、或はブロツク重合物又はランダム
重合物を示す。[Claims] 1. General formula A drying shrinkage reducing agent for cement comprising one or more compounds having the following. In the formula, R 1 and R 2 are a hydrogen group or a carbon number 1
represents an alkyl group having ~4, and X is -
CH2CH2O- , Y is -CH2CH ( CH3 )O-
where m and n are integers of 0 or 1 or more, and m+n is an integer of 1 to 10. X and Y are arranged in any order. That is,
Indicates single adducts and polymers of ethylene oxide or propylene oxide, or block or random polymers.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP10752883A JPS59232952A (en) | 1983-06-15 | 1983-06-15 | Dry shrinkage lowering agent |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP10752883A JPS59232952A (en) | 1983-06-15 | 1983-06-15 | Dry shrinkage lowering agent |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS59232952A JPS59232952A (en) | 1984-12-27 |
| JPS6210947B2 true JPS6210947B2 (en) | 1987-03-09 |
Family
ID=14461473
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP10752883A Granted JPS59232952A (en) | 1983-06-15 | 1983-06-15 | Dry shrinkage lowering agent |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS59232952A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1024120A1 (en) | 1999-01-29 | 2000-08-02 | Sika AG, vorm. Kaspar Winkler & Co. | Method of reducing the shrinkage of hydraulic binders |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0242646A1 (en) * | 1986-04-17 | 1987-10-28 | Fujisawa Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. | A durability improving agent for cement compositions and a method for improving durability of cement compositions |
| JPH0678185B2 (en) * | 1986-05-29 | 1994-10-05 | 株式会社竹中工務店 | Durability improver for cement hydraulic products |
| JP2002226246A (en) * | 2001-01-30 | 2002-08-14 | Asahi Denka Kogyo Kk | Shrinkage reducer for cementitious material and method for reducing shrinkage of cementitious material |
| JP7103649B2 (en) * | 2019-03-12 | 2022-07-20 | 竹本油脂株式会社 | Admixture for hydraulic composition |
-
1983
- 1983-06-15 JP JP10752883A patent/JPS59232952A/en active Granted
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1024120A1 (en) | 1999-01-29 | 2000-08-02 | Sika AG, vorm. Kaspar Winkler & Co. | Method of reducing the shrinkage of hydraulic binders |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS59232952A (en) | 1984-12-27 |
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