JPS62109097A - Synthesization of starting sound - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a starter used in track and field events, and more particularly to a method for synthesizing the start sound of an electronic starter.

[Prior Art] Conventionally, a pistol has been used as a starter [device] for track and field events, which has had the following drawbacks.

That is, it is dangerous because it uses gunpowder, and there have been problems with the storage of gunpowder. When in use, the paper detonator had to be replaced, which was troublesome.

■Due to weather conditions such as temperature, humidity, and atmospheric pressure, as well as weather conditions such as rain, there were cases where the explosion failed. Particularly, there is a problem in swimming competitions because it is easy to get wet. Also, as weather conditions change, the rhymes and sound quality become unstable.
The drawback was that it was difficult for players to start.

■The competition was not fair because the starting sound, the pistol firing sound (referred to as the pistol sound), did not reach the athletes equally. In other words, the speed of sound is 340 seconds per second at room temperature (15°C).
m, so 10m with the player right next to the starter
With distant players, the time it takes for the pistol sound to arrive is about 1ooo.
There is a difference of three-minutes of a second. 1oo like a 100m track race
In a competition where seconds are contested, this difference was fatal.

■Because the input to the measuring equipment was mechanical, there was a risk of measurement errors. Such accidents become a major problem in large matches such as international matches.

(If the recall pistol fails to fire during a barge flight, the athlete's fatigue increases, which has a serious effect on wins and losses, records, etc.).

Therefore, various plans have been made to digitize the starter [device] in order to deal with such drawbacks, but all of them have so far ended in failure.

The starter [device] used in track and field events fires a pistol with a blank gun outdoors, so there is no reverberation in the sound of the pistol. As shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, the waveform and frequency spectrum characteristics of such a pistol sound have an extremely fast rise characteristic and a very large acoustic output. decays very quickly.

Therefore, if you record this as it is and output it from a speaker, the rise characteristics of the speaker are poor, and the acoustic output that the speaker can produce is small. It sounds like.

This fact was finally discovered as a result of many years of research and experiments by the present inventors. The reason why previous attempts to synthesize pistol sounds have not been successful is because such a fact was overlooked.

Furthermore, the waveform, frequency spectrum characteristics, and sound pressure attenuation vary depending on the type of pistol approximation, and therefore the volume and sound quality vary, and these facts also make it difficult to synthesize pistol sounds. The inventors of the present invention, who were one of the contributing factors, overcame these difficulties through a large amount of experiments and based on this, keen speculation and research.

Accordingly, the purpose of the present invention is to synthesize a starting sound similar to a pistol that makes it easy for one athlete to start.

[Means for Solving the Problems] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method for synthesizing a start sound consisting of a pistol sound without reverberation. , a method for synthesizing a start sound characterized by storing component sounds composed of sounds synthesized by a synthesizer, etc., or other random waveform sounds in a superimposed manner for a much longer time than the pistol sound, in particular, the superimposition time of the above-mentioned component sounds. is 10
A method for synthesizing a start sound is provided, which is characterized in that the time is 0 ms to 300 ms and that the component sounds are stored using digital signals.

[Example] The start sound consists of a reverberation sound of a pistol sound having a much lower sound pressure than a pistol sound, a synthesized sound by a synthesizer, etc., and other random waveform sounds, and these are superimposed for a much longer time than the pistol sound. It is synthesized by The overlapping time is preferably looms to 300 ms. If the superimposition time is less than looms, the volume will be too low, and the sound will generally be heard as a "pan" sound, which will not approximate the sound of a pistol, and there will be a problem in that the size of the device will be required to amplify this sound. Furthermore, if the superimposition time exceeds 300 ms, the volume becomes too loud and is generally heard as a "gurn" sound, which is far from a pistol sound. The start sound synthesized in this way is
Although the sound pressure is much lower than the pistol sound, it is superimposed for a much longer time than the pistol sound, so
Due to the reverberation effect, it sounds louder to the human ear. - It is desirable that the component tones be stored using digital signals in order to obtain stable electronic sounds.

It is also possible to synthesize a recall sound in the same manner as the synthesis of a start sound (therefore, in this specification, including the claims, the term "start sound" includes "recall sound") . By changing the stored contents of the storage device, it is possible to change the start sound and recall sound to arbitrary sounds. In addition, the start sound and recall sound are
It may be the same sound or different sounds.

Next, an example of an electronic starter using the start sound synthesis method according to the present invention will be shown.

[First Usage Example] FIG. 1 shows a case where both a start sound and a recall sound can be output.

The electronic starter includes a main body device 1, a pistol-type input contact device 2, and a speaker 3, which will be described in detail below.

The start signal generating circuit 4 of the main unit 1 includes an input contact relay 5, a waveform shaping SR flip-flop 8, and a monostable multivibrator 7, and these circuits are connected in series. An input terminal 8 of the input contact relay 5 is connected to an input contact (not shown) of the pistol type input contact device 2. The output end of the monostable multivibrator 7 is connected to the input/output interface circuit 3.

The input/output interface circuit 9 is connected to a processing device 10 consisting of a microprocessor in a freely input/output manner. At the output end of the input/output interface circuit 9, a relay drive circuit 12 is connected in series with the output contact relay 11.
The other end of the branch line 13, one end of which is connected between the output contact relay 11 and the relay drive circuit 12, is connected to the input end of the input/output interface circuit 9. 1
4 is an output terminal of the output contact relay 11, which is connected to a measuring device (not shown) such as a photo discriminator. The input/output interface circuit 9 is further connected to a start optical signal drive circuit 15 at another output end. Reference numeral 16 denotes an output terminal of the start light signal drive circuit 15, which is connected to a start light generator (not shown) such as a strobe light emitter.

The processing device 10 is connected to a storage device 17 for input and output. The storage device 17 stores data of a start sound, a recall sound, and a control program.

The digital-to-analog converter 18 is connected to the output end of the input/output interface circuit 9. The output end of the digital-to-analog converter 18 is connected to a low-pass filter 13, a variable resistor 20, and a mixer 21, which are connected in series, respectively.

The output end of the mixer 21 is connected to a desired number of low frequency power amplifiers 2.
2 to a desired number of speakers 3.

The speakers 3 are installed at equal distances from each player.

The recall signal generation circuit n consists of an AND circuit 24 and a monostable multivibrator 25 connected to maintain stability of operation, and the input terminal of the AND circuit 24 is connected to the monostable multivibrator 7, The output end of the stable multivibrator 25 is connected to the input end of the processing device 10. 26 and 27 are input terminals of the recall signal generation circuit 25, the manual input terminal 26 is connected to the input contact (not shown) of the pistol-type input contact device 2, and the automatic input terminal 27 is connected to the flying detection device (not shown). (omitted).

If the recall signal output from the recall signal generating circuit 23 is output immediately after the start, it will be difficult to distinguish between the recall sound and the start sound. Generation circuit 23
The circuit is configured. In other words, a recall signal that is input within 0.3 seconds after the start is not output immediately but is output after 0.3 seconds have passed, and a recall signal that is input after 0.3 seconds is output when it is input. It has become. Also,
The recall signal is configured to be output only once.

28 is an input terminal for audible sound connected to a microphone or other audio device (not shown) that transmits voice, music, etc.
It is connected to mixer 21 via.

Therefore, the above circuit is configured to be initialized after a certain period of time has elapsed, in this example, after 5 seconds have elapsed.

[Operation principle and action 1] When the athlete arrives at the starting line, the voice of the starter [person] saying "Ready" is input from the audible sound input terminal 28, and the low frequency amplifier 29, variable resistor ■0, mixer 21 and The signal is output from the speaker 3 via the frequency power amplifier n.

When the input contact (not shown) is closed by the starter [person] pressing the trigger of the pistol-type input contact device 2, the input contact relay 5 operates, and the signal is sent to the waveform shaping SR flip-flop. 6, where the waveform is shaped, and further transmitted to a monostable multivibrator 7, which outputs a fixed time pulse as a start signal to the input/output interface circuit 9. The processing device 10 does not operate until a start signal is input to the input/output interface circuit 8. When the start signal is input, the processing device 10 checks the relay status of the output contact relay 11 through the input/output interface circuit 9, and if there is no abnormality, the relay drive circuit 12 and the start light signal drive circuit 15 are checked. Sends a drive signal as a start signal to. After sending this drive signal, the input/output interface circuit 8 further checks the relay state of the output contact relay 11. At this time, if the relay 11 is not driven in a normal state, the processing device 1
0, the input/output interface circuit 9
A warning lamp is displayed by the display circuit 31, and the main unit 1 does not operate.

If the drive signal is normally output, the processing device 10 operates and retrieves the pre-start data stored in the storage device 17 as a digital signal. This digital signal is sent from the processing device IO to the input/output interface circuit 9, and further outputted from the input/output interface circuit 9 to the digital/analog converter 18. At the same time, each drive signal is transmitted to the measuring instrument and the start light generator through the output terminals 14 and 18, and the digital signal sent to the digital-to-analog converter 18, which enables the operation of both devices, is converted into an analog signal here. After being converted and having unnecessary frequencies removed by a low-pass filter 18, it is sent to a low-frequency power amplifier η through a mixer 21. Here, after the output is further amplified, it is outputted from the speaker 3 as a signal before the start of the Ripston sound approximation. At this time, at the same time,
The drive signal causes the operable measuring instruments and start light generator to be activated.

When the pre-start signal is output, at the same time, the processing device 1O makes it possible to input the signal of the recall signal generation circuit 23, and also makes it possible to input the contact signal due to the suppression of the pistol-type input contact device 2 or the flying signal due to the operation of the flying detection device. shall be. If any of the above signals is present in the recall signal generation circuit 2
3, the AND circuit 24 generates a recall signal, and this recall signal is sent to the processing device 10 via the monostable multivibrator 25. Then, the processing device 10 retrieves the recall sound data stored in the storage device 17 and transfers it from the input/output interface circuit 9 to the digital-to-analog converter 18 as described above.
After the digital signal is converted into an analog signal, it is sent to a low-pass filter 19, a mixer 21 . The signal is output from the speaker 3 as a recall sound similar to a pistol via a low frequency power amplifier n.

In addition, in order to relieve the tension of the athletes before the start or after a flying recall and until the restart, the audible sound input terminal 28
It is also possible to input more music and output it from the speaker 3.

However, as shown in Figures 7 and 8, the waveform and frequency spectrum characteristics output from speaker 3 before the start are much smaller and longer than the pistol sound, resulting in poor rise characteristics. Moreover, even if the sound is output from the speaker 3, which has a small acoustic output, the reverberation effect makes it sound very similar to the sound of a pistol to the human ear. Since there is no difference in arrival time before the start depending on the distance from the starter (starter lying down), the start signal is fair.

Furthermore, since the pre-start signal is output from the speaker 3, the volume can be adjusted according to the usage situation.

[Second Usage Example] Next, the case of FIG. 5 in which only the start sound can be output will be shown.

The start signal generation circuit axis of the main unit 1d consists of an input contact relay 5a, a waveform shaping SR flip-flop 8a, and a monostable multivibrator 7a, and these circuits are connected in series in sequence. An input terminal 8a of the input contact relay 5a is connected to an input contact (not shown) of the pistol type input contact device 2a. The output end of the monostable multivibrator 7a is connected to the AND circuit axis.

The AND circuit 9a is activated by the start signal output from the monostable multivibrator 7a, and is connected to the other input terminal so as to output a clock pulse (CP) output from the pulse oscillator 10a to the OR circuit 11a. It is connected to the pulse oscillator 10a at the terminal, and connected to the OR circuit 11a at the output terminal.

The other AND circuit 12a is a monostable multivibrator 7
It is connected to the pulse oscillator 10a at one input end so that it is activated by the signal from the D flip-flop 13a regardless of the signal from the D flip-flop 13a, and outputs the pulse connected from the pulse oscillator 10a to the OR circuit 11a. Both are connected to the D flip-flop 13a at the other input end,
The output end is connected to the OR circuit 11a.

The OR circuit 11a is connected to the binary counter 14a at its output end, and outputs the CP input from the AND circuit axis to the binary counter 14a, and uses the pulse input from the AND circuit 12a as an input signal in binary form. - Binary output to counter 14a - counter 14
a is connected at its input end to the OR circuit 11a, and at the same time, one of its output ends is connected to the D flip-flop 13a, and the other end is connected to the reset pulse generator 15a.

The binary counter 14a changes its frequency from 0 [H] to 10oo [H], and when the value reaches 1, it sends a clock signal to the D flip-flop 13a, and the frequency changes from 0 [H] to 10oo [H].
The circuit is configured so that when it becomes [H], it is transmitted to the reset pulse generator 15a.

Further, the output terminal of the binary counter 14a is connected to the address of the storage device lea.

The D flip-flop 13a is connected at its input end to the binary counter 14a, and at its output end to the AND circuit 12a.
This signal is held and output to the AND circuit 12a.

A reset pulse generator 15a consisting of a monostable multivibrator is connected at its input end to a binary counter 14a, and at its output end to a D flip-flop 13.
a, and uses the pulse input from the binary counter 14a as a reset pulse to the binary counter 14.
The start sound data is sent to the A and D flip-flops 13a to reset the circuits of the two devices mentioned above, and is connected to the binary counter 14a at the input end, and to the digital-to-analog converter 17 at the output end. Since the connected storage device 18a uses the numerical value of the binary counter 14a as an address, the binary counter 14a counts and outputs start sound data to the digital-to-analog converter 17a.

The output end of the digital fist analog converter 17a is connected in series with a low-pass filter 18a and a low-frequency amplifier 19, respectively.
a, each is connected to a desired number of speakers via a variable resistor 20a and a low frequency power amplifier 21a. The speakers 3a are placed at equal distances from each player.

22a is an input terminal for audible sound connected to a microphone or other audio device (not shown) that sends voice, music, etc. Speaker 3a via voice signal 1a
connected to.

[Operation principle and function 1] When the athlete arrives at the starting line, the starter saying "Ready" [human voice is input from the audible sound input terminal 22a, the low frequency winding E%'3a, the variable resistance decoy 4d and the low Frequency power increase! The signal is output from the speaker via 21a.

When the input contact (not shown) is closed by the starter [person] pressing the trigger of the pistol-type input contact device 2a, the input contact relay lever operates, and the signal is sent to the waveform shaping SR flip-flop. 6a, where the waveform is shaped, and further transmitted to the monostable multivibrator 7a.
A pulse of a certain period of time is transmitted to the AND circuit axis as a start signal. When the pre-start signal from the monostable multivibrator 7a is input to the AND circuit, the AND circuit 8a receives the C output from the pulse oscillator 10a.
P is passed through the OR circuit 11a to the binary counter 14.
Output to a.

The binary counter 14a receives C from the OR circuit 11a.
When P is input, it changes from 0 [H] to 1000 [H]. When the value of the binary counter 14a becomes 1, the binary counter 14a sends a signal to the D flip-flop 13a. D flip-flop L3a
holds the signal from the binary counter 14a and outputs it to the AND circuit 12a. The AND circuit 12a sends the CP of the pulse oscillator IQa to the binary counter 14a as an input signal through the OR circuit 11a, regardless of the signal from the monostable multivibrator 7a. In this way, the value of the binary counter 14a increases over time, and the value of the binary counter 14a at this time becomes the address of the storage device 18a. That is, when the input signal is counted by the binary counter 14a, the numerical value becomes an address, and the data before the start stored in the storage device 16a as a digital signal is output to the digital-to-analog converter 17a. This digital signal output to the digital-to-analog converter 17a is converted to an analog signal here, and after removing unnecessary frequencies by a low-pass filter 18a, it is buffered by a low-frequency amplifier 19a, and is After being sent to Liu Changji 1a and amplified, it is output from the speaker 抛 as the pre-start signal for the pistol approximation.

On the other hand, the value of the binary counter 14a is 1000 [H]
, the signal output from the binary counter 14a is sent to the reset pulse generator 15a. The reset pulse generator 15a uses this signal as a reset pulse to control the binary counter 14a and the D flip-flop 1.
3a to reset the binary counter 14a and the D flip-flop 13a.

By repeating the above series of cycles, pre-start generation can be performed as many times as desired.

Note that before the start, in order to relieve the tension of the athletes, music may be input from the audible sound input terminal 22a and output from the speaker 3a.

However, as in the first usage example, the waveform and frequency spectrum characteristics before the start outputted from the speaker 3a are much smaller and longer than the pistol sound, so the rise characteristics are poor and the acoustic output is low. Even if you output from a small speaker, the reverberation effect will cause
To the human ear, it sounds very similar to the sound of a pistol.

Moreover, as in the first usage example, the speakers 3a are installed at equal distances from each athlete, and there is no difference in the arrival time before the start depending on the distance from the starter (as in the conventional case). The signal will be fair.

Further, as in the first usage example, since the pre-start sound is output from the speaker 3a, the volume can be adjusted according to the usage situation.

Vibrant Effect] As described above, according to the pre-start synthesis method according to the present invention, as shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, the waveform and frequency spectrum characteristics before the start are far superior to the pistol sound. Because it is small and much longer, even if it is output by a speaker with poor rise characteristics and low acoustic output,
Due to the reverberation effect, it sounds very similar to a pistol sound to the human ear. Therefore, there is an effect that it is easier for the athlete to start.

In addition, since the output is an electronic sound before the start, even if weather conditions such as temperature, humidity, atmospheric pressure, etc., or weather conditions such as rain change,
Since the volume and sound quality before the start are constant, this has the effect of making it easier for athletes to start than with conventional pistol sounds.

Furthermore, since the start sound is acoustically synthesized and does not use gunpowder, it is safe and eliminates the need for troublesome operations such as storing gunpowder and replacing paper detonators.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the configuration of an embodiment of an electronic starter using the start sound synthesis method according to the present invention, FIGS. 2 to 4 are wiring diagrams of the main unit, and FIG. Fig. 6 is a wiring diagram of the main unit, and Fig. 7 shows the waveform and frequency spectrum characteristics of the starting sound output from the electronic starter according to the embodiment shown in Fig. 1. Fig. 8 is a graph showing the same three-dimensional display frequency spectrum characteristics, Fig. 9 is a graph showing the waveform and frequency spectrum characteristics of the pistol sound, and Fig. 10 is a graph showing the isobaric dimensional display frequency spectrum characteristics. be. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1...Main device, 2...Pistol type input contact device, 3...Speaker, 4...Start signal generation circuit, 5...Relay for input contact, 6...S for waveform shaping
R flip-flop, 7... Monostable multivibrator, 8... Input terminal, 9... Interface circuit for input/output, 10... Processing device, 11... Relay for output contact, 12... Relay drive circuit, 13.
・Woke line, 14... Output terminal, 15... Start optical signal drive circuit, 16... Output terminal, 17...
Storage device, 18... Digital-to-analog converter, 19
...Low pass filter, 20...Variable resistor, 21
... mixer, 22 ... low frequency power amplifier, 23.
... Recall signal generation circuit, 24 ... AND circuit, 2
5... Monostable multivibrator, 26... Manual input terminal, 27... Upward motion input terminal, 28... Audible sound input terminal, 29... (Frequency amplifier, 30... Variable resistor) , 31...Bale display circuit 1a...Main device, 2a-...
・Pistol type input contact device, ah...speaker, 4a・
...Start signal generation circuit, h...Relay for input contact, 8a...SR flip-flop for waveform shaping, 7d.
・・Monostable multivibrator, 8a-・・Input terminal,
9a...AND circuit, 10a...Pulse oscillator, 1
1a...OR circuit, 12a...7 AND circuit, 1
3a...D flip-flop, 14a...pine saw counter, 15a...reset pulse generator, te
a...Storage device, 17a...Digital-to-analog converter, 18a...Low pass filter, 19a...(Frequency amplifier, 20a...Variable resistor, 21a...Low frequency power amplifier, 22a... ...Audible sound input terminal, 23a
...(Frequency amplifier, 24a...variable resistor

Claims (3)

[Claims] (1) In a method of synthesizing a start sound consisting of a pistol sound without reverberation, a component sound consisting of a reverberant sound of a pistol sound with a much lower sound pressure than the pistol sound, a synthesized sound by a synthesizer, etc., and other random waveform sounds A method of synthesizing a start sound characterized by superimposing and memorizing the sounds for a much longer time than the pistol sound. (2) The superposition time of the above component sounds is 100ms to 3
The method for synthesizing a start sound according to claim 1, wherein the start sound is 00ms. (3) The start sound synthesis method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the component sounds are stored using digital signals.