JPS62102570A - Automotive photoelectric converter - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To ventilate a room by an electric generation in a rear window, to charge a battery and to prevent the room temp. from rising by providing a light transmission photoelectric converter at the rear window of an automobile. CONSTITUTION:A photoelectric converter 5 is adhered with an organic mounting material to a glass of a back surface. A first transparent conductive film 11 is formed by tin oxide on a bendable substrate. Thereafter, a P-type semiconductor 7 and an I-type semiconductor 8 are laminated, and an N-type fine crystal semiconductor 9 is further laminated. Thereafter, tin indium oxide is laminated as a second transparent conductive film 12 thereon. Thus, a rear window becomes translucent to prevent the compartment from being observed from the rear by the outside light and to prevent headlight glare from the rear at night. The compartment can be ventilated and a battery can be charged by the lights.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Field of Application of the Invention] This invention provides a translucent photoelectric conversion device in the rear window of an automobile, and generates electricity at this window to ventilate the room,
In addition to charging the vehicle, its appropriate light shielding properties prevent the interior of the vehicle from heating up more than necessary, and it also allows you to check what's behind you when driving.

"Prior Art" Conventionally, photoelectric conversion devices have been widely used for power generation and consumer calculators.

Further, as these photoelectric conversion devices, photoelectric conversion devices having a so-called non-single crystal semiconductor thin film structure using an amorphous semiconductor instead of a single crystal are known.

This photoelectric conversion device is mounted on the roof of a car, and the power generated by the photoelectric conversion device on the roof is used to ventilate the company and charge the battery, thereby making effective use of unnecessary parts that have not been used effectively and saving energy. It is known to be completely dry.

"Problems to be Solved by the Invention" However, when these photoelectric conversion devices are mounted on a roof, there are various drawbacks.

The first point is that existing automobiles must be newly sealed to prevent rain leaks. In addition, if the vehicle is simply used as a roof, consideration must be given to preventing damage caused by wind while driving. Furthermore, the curved surface of the roof differs depending on the type of automobile, and it is not necessarily suitable for constant mass production. In addition, the roof does not have a very large area in the area of the automobile that is irradiated with sunlight, considering the future direction of streamlining.

For these reasons, it was found that the area was not necessarily an effective location for power generation.

"Means for Solving the Problem" For this reason, the present invention provides a light-transmitting system for the rear window of an automobile (also referred to as a window provided behind the seat for the driver's confirmation of the rear view, or a rear window). This device is equipped with a translucent (including semi-transparent) photoelectric conversion device.

This photoelectric conversion device includes a first light-transmitting conductive film, a light-transmitting thin film semiconductor made of a non-single crystal semiconductor, and a second light-transmitting conductive film on a flexible organic resin substrate or inorganic thin film substrate. The structure used is as follows.

Furthermore, in addition to this photoelectric conversion device, the present invention provides a heating element that is energized on the photoelectric conversion device side or the opposite side of the transparent substrate to prevent fogging of the rear window during dual-support operation.

"Operation" With such a structure, the driver can check the rear of the vehicle through the translucent photoelectric conversion device.

Furthermore, since the ultraviolet light and some infrared light of this photoelectric conversion device are blocked, the person sitting in the rear seat is not heated more than necessary in the summer.

In addition, when the device is not in operation, the electricity generated by this photoelectric conversion device is used to start a small ventilation fan to ventilate indoor air and outdoor air. Therefore, if the driver closes the windows and doors for a long time,
When I open the door to start driving, I don't feel the uneven heat. Since the photoelectric conversion device has semi-transparent properties, the interior of the vehicle is not unnecessarily observed from outside. At night, it can prevent glare from the lights of cars behind you. When the board is placed in close contact with the rear window, it is less likely to fog up than conventional lead-free glass.

In addition, in the event that the rear window glass is broken, the organic resin used to attach the glass prevents the broken pieces from breaking and causing personal injury, among other features.

The present invention will be explained below according to examples.

"Example 1" FIG. 1(A) shows an example of a side view of an automobile (1).

Front glass (windshield) (3), rear glass (rear window) (2), side glass (4), (4')
has. Of these, the present invention relates to the rear glass (2).

Further, FIG. 1(B) is a perspective view of this rear glass.

The surrounding area is connected to the car body and has rubber to prevent rain leakage (15)
It is sealed by. The inside of this rubber ((15),
The rear glass (2) has a width of 10 to 20 mm in the horizontal direction.
For example, a plurality of cells (20-1), (20-2), ... (20
-n) are connected in series. The connecting part (14)
Shown below.

This laser processing is disclosed in the patent application No. 57-2 filed by the present inventor.
06806 (Photoelectric conversion device), 57-201807 (
Photoelectric conversion device manufacturing method), 57-206808 (
Photoelectric conversion device), No. 57-206809 (Photoelectric conversion device) (both filed on November 24, 1982).

FIG. 2 shows a longitudinal section of a portion of each cell in FIG. 1. In FIG. 2, external light (30) is replaced by a photoelectric conversion device (4
0) and a portion of it (30") is transmitted into the vehicle interior. This allows the driver to check the rear view.

The photoelectric conversion device (5) is on the back glass (5) (inside the car)
It is adhered to the surface using an organic mounting material. Flexible substrates for photoelectric conversion devices include organic resins such as PAN (polyacrylic nitrile), PE5 (polyether sulfone), or PEEK (polyether ether sulfone).
Ketone) was used here. A first transparent conductive film (11) was formed on this flexible substrate using tin oxide or indium tin oxide to a thickness of 1,000 to 1 μm. After this step 2, the P-type semiconductor (7) is 5ixC+ by a known method.
-x (0 <
00 to 5000 people, typically 3000 people, and further N type microcrystalline semi-thick body (9) 50 to 300 people, typically 15
0 persons were laminated by plasma CVD method or photo CVD method. Thus, a non-single crystal semiconductor (10
) was created. This structure has NI from the light (30) incident side.
It may also be a P-junction structure, a Schottky structure, an MI
It may be an S structure or a tandem structure.

Thereafter, indium tin oxide was laminated on the upper surface as a second transparent conductive film (12) to a thickness of 1,000 to 3,000 layers. Using this photoelectric conversion device, the first electrode and the second electrode are made translucent, which was filed by the present inventor in Japanese Patent Application No. 55-181464 (Photoelectric conversion device) December 1983.
The application was filed on the 22nd of May.

A semiconductor device having such a structure has these films (11), (
10).

Laser processing is performed each time (12) is formed, so that each cell is connected in series, and the required voltage for automotive use, for example, 12
It was designed to generate V or 24V.

Since the organic resin substrate (6) of the photoelectric conversion device having such a structure has flexibility, the photoelectric conversion device is placed inside the rear window having the curved surface shown in FIG. 1(B) as shown in FIG. 2(A). The device can be placed inside and brought into close contact. As such a close contact method, the glass substrate (5) and the photoelectric conversion device (4) are bonded to each other.
0) was carried out using the lamination method.

That is, EVA (ethylene vinyl alcohol) (13
), apply vacuum and heat. Furthermore, the photoelectric conversion device (40) and the glass window (3) were brought into close contact with each other by pressurizing them at atmospheric pressure.

Thus, the organic resin substrate (6) becomes the surface on the inside of the automobile (Fig. 1 (A)), and the rear glass (5), which exhibits the same mechanical strength as before, forms the outer surface on the outside air side. be able to.

In this way, the translucent photoelectric conversion device could be brought into close contact with the inside of the rear window of an automobile. Furthermore, the external lead electrode of this photoelectric conversion device is (15') in FIG. 1(B).
, (15”°) and can be inserted into the rubber and taken out.

Furthermore, in the present invention, the first electrode (11) and the second electrode (12) are made translucent, and in the non-single crystal semiconductor containing amorphous silicon formed between the first electrode (11) and the second electrode (12), the degree of translucency is determined. These are the thickness of the l-type semiconductor (8) and the thickness of the n-type semiconductor (9). In order to increase the photoelectric conversion efficiency, it is better to make the l-type semiconductor thicker within a range that allows light transmission, but it is better to make it thinner to the extent that it promotes light transmission. Therefore, in reality, when one layer of amorphous silicon was used, about 3,000 people could pass. The number of 2,000 to 4,000 people is doubly preferable because it can reduce the photodegradation effect caused by light irradiation that is characteristic of amorphous silicon films.

In addition, for the N-type semiconductor (9), in order to make it thinner and to reduce the light absorption loss under conditions of ohmic contact with the electrode, a microcrystalline silicon film or a silicon film with a fiber structure is used. was used to reduce its absorption loss.

Of course, 5ixC+□(0<X<l), 5iJ4-x(
It is effective to reduce optical absorption loss by satisfying 0<X<1).

Thus, for example, this panel has a line width of 40cl11 and a width of 13cm.
It was possible to obtain an output of about 30 W at 0 cm. This electricity can be used to power the car's interior ventilation fan during the summer to prevent unnecessary increases in temperature inside the car when the car is closed.

"Example 2" FIG. 2 shows another embodiment of the invention.

This embodiment has a mechanism for preventing water vapor from fogging during rainy weather inside the photoelectric conversion device (inside the vehicle). That is, a transparent conductive film (1) of tin oxide is placed on a transparent organic film substrate (6).
4) is formed to a thickness of 0.3μ by sputtering. This electrode is formed on the entire surface, and the side edge (1
5), (15") was provided with an external lead-out electrode.Furthermore, a translucent organic resin (15) with a thickness of 2 to 4 μm was formed on the upper surface of this by a laminating method or a coating method. With such an organic resin film, As a sandwich structure, electricity was applied during rain to raise the temperature and prevent fogging caused by water vapor inside the car.The photoelectric conversion device to be manufactured after this was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1.

In the present invention, the anti-fog electrode may be provided on the glass substrate side of the photoelectric conversion device. Furthermore, a flexible organic resin film was used as the substrate. However, it is effective to use a chemically strengthened glass substrate with a thickness of 0.3 to 0.7 mm and to bring the organic resin film into closer contact with the rear window.

``Effect'' With this structure, the rear window becomes semi-transparent, preventing outside light from seeing inside the car from the rear during the day, and preventing glare from headlights from the rear at night. can. The light emitted here also makes it possible to actively ventilate the inside of the car and use puff recharging.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 shows an outline of the automobile of the present invention and the rear window used therein. FIG. 2 shows a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the in-vehicle photoelectric conversion device used in the present invention. (A) CD) ,E/■

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A photoelectric conversion device in which a first transparent conductive film, a thin film type photoelectric conversion semiconductor, and a second transparent conductive film are laminated on a light-transmitting substrate is mounted on a rear window of an automobile. An in-vehicle photoelectric conversion device characterized by: 2. A photoelectric conversion device in which a first transparent conductive film, a thin film semiconductor for photoelectric conversion, and a second transparent conductive film are laminated on a transparent substrate, and a transparent conductive film that generates heat when energized. An in-vehicle photoelectric conversion device characterized in that a film is provided on a rear window of an automobile. 3. Claims 1 and 2 provide an in-vehicle photoelectric conversion device, characterized in that the photoelectric conversion device is interposed between a rear window and a transparent substrate made of organic resin. conversion device.