JPS6198978A - Method of transporting liquid and head machine for executingsaid method - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a method for transporting liquid substances by means of a working fluid having potential energy, and to a hydraulic head machine for carrying out this method.

[Conventional technology]

The exchange of energy required for the transport of a liquid substance between two fluids by successive alternating intake and transfer (exhaust) strokes of a metered amount of liquid sealed from the atmosphere and in an alternating motion mechanism. The methods and head machines carried out in container closure mechanisms that include two pressure transmission mechanisms are known.

Such a system is described, for example, in Hungarian Patent Specification No. 16
No. 8430. The mechanisms described in the patent specifications have very high efficiencies (90% in some cases).
% or more), but in some applications it is necessary to compensate for the loss of energy during the transport route. An example of this is
For example, cooling mechanisms in deep mines.

This means that these machines, which operate on the principle of liquid movement,
This is because these machines, also called hydraulic head machines, must be constructed with a pump to compensate for the loss of energy in at least one of the two liquids. Such pumps for compensating losses make an otherwise simple mechanism complex and expensive, and which would otherwise have very substantial advantages in the above-mentioned applications. Certain uses are limited to a limited range.

Various types of pumps are known that operate on the principle of liquid displacement (piston and membrane pumps, etc.), which are capable of producing a single pressure with alternating movements within a closed space (e.g. within a cylinder). has a transmission mechanism (e.g. piston),
A drive is then connected to this assembly via a mechanical element (for example a piston rod). These pumps are powered by their own prime mover and utilize electrical current or heat rather than the energy of the working fluid.

[Problems to be solved by the invention and means for solving the problems]

The basic idea of the invention lies in the discovery that compensating losses occurring during fluid transport can be solved by the simplest means within the head machine itself. For this purpose, it is sufficient to apply a certain force by a mechanical method based on a pressure transmission mechanism which acts on the exchange of energy between the two fluids during alternating movements. This makes the use of a pump to compensate for losses unnecessary, since it is suitable for transferring the potential energy of the working fluid and at the same time transmitting auxiliary energy to compensate for losses. This is because it is a water head machine. This further simplifies the mechanism, the advantages of which are also substantially increased and best realized in the fields of application mentioned in the preamble above.

As a result of this discovery, the present invention relates to a method for transporting fluids by means of a working fluid, in which:
The energy exchange required between two fluids for transport is carried out by successive uptake and transfer of volumes of fluid in an alternating motion mechanism within one closure mechanism in a container sealed from the atmosphere. auxiliary energy is supplied to at least one of the fluids in order to compensate for losses occurring in the fluid transport mechanism, and according to the invention auxiliary energy is supplied to at least one of the fluids in order to compensate for losses occurring in the fluid transport mechanism; In the meantime, by the energy effect of one mechanical device,
At least a portion of the auxiliary energy is supplied to the container mechanism. Another feature of the invention is to have one container mechanism constituted by a closed cylinder sealed from the atmosphere.

Such hydraulic head machines for carrying out this method are provided, the cylinders of which contain a pressure transmission device suitable for effecting the alternating movement, and according to the invention the mechanical actuation mechanism is It is connected to a pressure transmission device which is connected to one drive device.

One of the preferred embodiments of the head machine of the invention has a separate drive for each cylinder. One more
In one preferred embodiment, the mechanical actuating elements of at least two cylinders have one common drive. Yet another preferred embodiment comprises cylinders arranged in pairs, in each pair one cylinder having intake and transfer connections for only the working fluid, whereas the other cylinder has It has a similar connection only for the liquid to be transported, and the mechanical actuation mechanisms of the pair of cylinders are connected to one common drive. In yet another preferred embodiment of the hydraulic head machine of the invention, a mechanism for converting rotary movement into linear reciprocating movement is coupled between this drive and the actuating mechanism. In some cases, one of the actuating cylinders is used as the drive, or even one cylinder forming part of the container mechanism may be preferred for such applications. Yet another embodiment is where the drive device is a motor. 6 EXAMPLES The invention will now be explained by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: FIG.

In the known arrangement shown in FIG. 1, the cooling tower T and cooling machine HG are set at ground level.

Through upward and downward conduits forming one vertical circuit a cooling machine HG is connected to one hydraulic head machine V operating at depth.
It is connected to one of both sides of G. The other side of the hydraulic head machine VG is connected to a horizontal circuit containing a suction sump M and a water-air heat exchanger V-L. 1
A first pump Pv adapted to compensate for loss of power is inserted into the vertical circuit and a second compensation pump ph is arranged in the horizontal circuit. This first pump operates above ground and the second pump operates at depth.

This water head machine VC discharges the cooling water cooled in the cooling machine HG to the suction water reservoir M of the pump PH. pump p
h drives this cooling water to flow toward the suction side of the hydraulic head machine VC via the water-air heat exchanger jQ device V-L. The head machine VC supplies the water warmed in the water-air heat exchanger used for cooling the deep workshop through the lift pipes of the vertical circuit and again to the cooling machine HG. However, complete recirculation is not possible without pumps Pv and ph supplying auxiliary energy to the head machine VC.

The known mechanism shown in FIG. 2 further differs from the FJ'! of FIG. 1 in that the horizontal circuit is closed and sealed. It is different from +7X. This mechanism can be constructed, for example, by using a hydraulic head machine with a differential piston, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 of Austrian Patent Specification No. 344,512. Such water head machine VC
This means that the cooling water can be distributed directly into the front conduit of the horizontal circuit under the required reduced pressure. Although this scheme does not require the use of a separate pump PH in the horizontal circuit, full recirculation is not possible without compensating for the losses incurred in both the horizontal and vertical circuits, i.e. sufficiently increased. A pump Pv with a certain output must be installed at ground level to assist the hydraulic head machine VC. The advantage gained by the omission of this pump ph, however, only appears in the cost of making some other expensive mechanical modifications, i.e. the pressure in the horizontal conduit of this mechanism is sometimes 4.
Above ground pump ph as it can reach a height of 0 bar.
+■, the downward conduit of the vertical pair of conduits, 1-2 Km long, and also the head machine itself, all have to be at significantly higher operating pressures.

FIG. 3 shows an example showing that the present invention can make the pump Pv, which was essential in the arrangement shown in FIG. 1, unnecessary.

In the apparatus of FIG. 3, the downward conduit 1 of the vertical circuit is the first
It is connected to a space defined below a pressure transmission device 12 formed by a piston of a cylinder 11 via a shutoff device 7 . This space is connected to a second isolation device 9 via a conduit 3 with a suction water reservoir 5, which is connected to the suction side of a pump Ph inserted into the front conduit of the horizontal circuit. . The delivery side of the pump ph is connected to the suction side of a deeply installed water-air heat exchanger V-L. The discharge side of the water-air heat exchanger V-L is connected via the return conduit 4 of the horizontal circuit and the third disconnection device 10.
It is connected to another space defined above the pressure transmission device 12 of the cylinder 11 . This space is the fourth barrier.
It is connected to the upward conduit 2 of the vertical circuit via an Igr device 8 and preferably in this space a pressure compensating and non-venting container 6 (for example a dashbot with a non-venting valve) is provided. The pressure transmission device 12 has an actuating device 12' extending sealed out of the cylinder 11 and connected to a drive device 13. This actuating element 12' is formed in the embodiment of FIG. 3 by a piston rod, and the drive 13 is constituted by an air-actuated cylinder, the piston 14 of which is connected to an air line 15 from a compressor (not shown) or from a pressure system. It is operated by compressed air taken in through a directional valve 16.

The apparatus shown in FIG. 3 operates as follows. When the pressure transmitting device 12 and the piston 14 are both in the bottom position, the space above the device 12 is filled with the hot water pumped out by the pump ph during its previous stroke, while the valve 16 is free Open to the atmosphere. The isolation devices 9 and 10 are then closed and the devices 7 and 8 are opened. Air conduit 15 is valve 1
6 to a compressed air supply (not shown).

At this moment, cooling water under high pressure flows from the conduit 1 through the shutoff device 7 into the space below the device 12, and the hot water present above the device 12 flows through the shutoff device 8 into the conduit 2. push it towards you. This process is maintained by the drive device 13 in such a way that the compressed air introduced via the conduit 15 below the piston 14 exerts a force on the pressure transmission device 12 via the actuating device 12'. Figure 3 shows the device in this phase). In the case of the known mine cooling system shown in FIG. A completely different proportion can be imagined.

When the device 12 and the piston 14 reach their top positions, the isolation devices 7 and 8 are closed, the devices 9 and 10 are opened, and the space below the piston 14 is opened to the atmosphere via the valve 16. It goes through. Hot water then flows through the isolation device 10 into the space above the device 12, and this water pushes the interconnected alternating motion assemblies 12-12'-14 downward4.
Cooling water from the space below the device 12 is thereby transferred via the isolation device 9 into the suction water reservoir 5, and the compressed air contained in the device 13 is discharged into the atmosphere. The fruiting device 12 and the piston 14 are again moved to their bottom positions and the cycle outlined above is started again.

In FIG. 3, for simplicity, a single cylinder 11 is shown.
and a drive device 13 are shown. It goes without saying that in practical applications several cylinders and cooperating drives should be used to obtain a continuous and uniform flow. This will be obvious to those skilled in the art from the above description and will not be described in detail.

FIG. 4 shows details of a modified embodiment of the scheme of FIG. Here, instead of cylinder 11, a pair of cylinders l
la and llb are used, these cylinders respectively cooperating with the working fluid and the fluid to be conveyed. Both of these cylinders are provided with pressure transmission devices 12a and 12b, respectively.

A drive device I3 is provided between these two cylinders, in coaxial arrangement therewith, in the form of a pneumatically actuated cylinder, which pneumatically actuated cylinder has a piston I4.
and is connected from both sides to a common actuating device 12' which enters this device 13 via a bottom seal. Conduits 1 and 3 as above
, to which a shutoff device is fixed, enters the cylinder and means 11a cooperating therewith via the bottom, while the conduits 2 and 4 enter the cylinder 11 via the top. A system of this type with two cylinders serves, for example, to prevent yarn propagation together with the commonly used outer insulation.

The central part of the device 13 shown here - by way of example,
It is shown that the relative position of the drive and the cylinder can be freely selected as deemed most convenient.

The operation of the mechanism of FIG. 4 is the same as that shown in FIG. 3 and requires no further explanation.

FIG. 5 shows an example of how to supply auxiliary energy to compensate for losses by one common drive 13 in the case of a hydraulic head machine with three cylinders 11 connected in parallel. .

In this device, the pressure transmitting devices 12 (pistons) of the three cylinders 1 are connected to the crankshaft 17 via each actuating device 12', each comprising a piston rod and a drive bar connected thereto. , a reduction gear 18 and an electric motor 19 .

The pressure transmission device 12 of each cylinder 11 is connected to the isolation device 7.8.
9.10, it operates out of phase as in a three-cylinder, two-stroke engine, and the crankshut 17 is configured as in this engine. Despite this difference, the operation of this embodiment is similar to that described in FIG. V
- The difference is that they are connected to each other. The opening/closing logic of the disconnection device will not be described in detail since it follows logically from the principles already explained. The same reference numerals refer to the same elements in the drawings.

Regarding the basic idea of the invention, it is further worth mentioning that in the manner shown in FIG. is distributed by the motor 19 of the drive device 13 by applying it to the pressure transmission device 12 . The motor 19 is preferably equipped with a conventional Cyrisk continuous speed control (as shown in the figures), forming an economical means for controlling the amount of fluid flowing. The shutoff device for cylinder 11 - or less (both devices 7 and 9 -
Preferably the crankshaft is controlled automatically (in such a way that it is widely applied and operated in internal combustion engines).
(not shown here).

FIG. 6 shows details of a variant of the device of FIG. 5 with three cylinders, in which the crankshut is located on the side of the central cylinder and its connections from which the fluid is conveyed Uα. Similar to the system shown in FIG. 4, the difference is that separate cylinders are provided to receive and receive the working fluid and the fluid to be transported, respectively.

Since the numbers used in FIG. 6 are the same as in FIGS. 4 and 5, and the operation is the same as one of the cylinders shown in FIG. 5, no further explanation is necessary.

However, in the apparatus of FIG.
' is directly connected to the pressure device 12b in a manner known in the art of single-acting internal combustion engines, and, as in such engines, the actuating device 12' It should be noted that it can be inserted deep into the cylinder llb, reducing the weight and simplifying its construction.

For the avoidance of doubt, the application of auxiliary energy is referred to in Section 3.
The same could be done for devices using actuating cylinders similar to those shown in either of Figures 4 or 5 and 6 and using a motor-driven auxiliary energy supply, so that It should be emphasized that horizontal, vertical and bi-directional pump drive energy supplies can also be replaced. With regard to mechanical actuation by cylinders, this possibility depends solely on the correct selection of the appropriate cylinder type, i.e. whether it is single-acting or reciprocating, and its assembly, and, in the case of motor-driven separate machines, on the energy The method of supply requires no further explanation.

The device referred to as the "actuating device" and designated by the reference numeral 12' can consist of a single part (piston rod or connecting rod) or several parts (for example a connecting rod connected to a piston rod). It should be noted that the piston head can have other guides of the cross. The guide mechanism for this piston is not shown to simplify the figure.

In the case shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, cylinder 1
Similar to the cylinders lla, llb, the crankshaft 17 provides auxiliary energy to each other as well. In some applications, the motor 19 and the transmission 18
may be temporarily unnecessary or even omitted completely.

In such a case, the operation of each cylinder 11 or hydraulic head machine 11a, 11a-11b or auxiliary energy supply device can be distinguished only by the instantaneous operating phase position, and these phases form the respective sequence. do. It is a general feature of the present invention that the arrangement and spatial assembly of the plurality of cylinders of the hydraulic head machine relative to each other and the mechanism for converting rotational motion into reciprocating motion can be freely selected as required.

Another general feature is that the head machine of the invention can be constructed with any type of single-acting or double-acting cylinder. The addition of the structure of the conduits and connections, the application of the shut-off device and its necessary positioning do not require any extra skill for the average professional.

The important point is that this device and its components should be provided with a device for ventilation, in particular for continuous ventilation. Such accessories are not shown in the drawings.

Likewise, it is necessary to provide the device with a known replenishment device that equalizes the pressure between the fluid spaces, sufficient to eliminate water impingement before each change of the isolation device. Such a device is, for example, a coupling device that allows only a very low liquid flow between the two sides of the working fluid, and this coupling device can even be permanent. .

In addition to the advantages described above, the present invention provides the following additional advantages.

In the mine cooling system, the head machine of the invention becomes the center of the cooling water circulation, with the result that - there is no need for maintenance or attendance at the pump station, which is assembled at ground level, far from the depths; No staff required.

- Spare parts and cooling storage with water head r1. Unlike partial centralization, as shown in Figure 2, which can be concentrated evenly in the vicinity of the machine, complete centralization allows for additional pressure to be concentrated evenly in a vertical pair of conduits. making unnecessary the structure of the downward conduit and the structure of the head machine, where the head machine can automatically keep the pressure in the horizontal circuit always lower than the pressure in the vertical circuit, and in fact this machine provides this pressure, at least in part, without any increase in the pressure in the vertical circuit, and this property provides a straightforward and convenient method for simple modifications to the machine of the present invention.

- In the hydraulic head machine of the invention, a crank mechanism is provided, especially in the multi-cylinder embodiment, the cooperative action of these cylinders forming a highly effective means for preventing the occurrence of water shocks. This situation is further improved by the constant rate of energy supply provided by the electric motor.

- In conclusion, the centralized cooling water circulation mechanism of the present invention:
It requires more modest investment costs and operates at a very high overall efficiency, resulting in a substantial reduction in energy costs.

It goes without saying that the present invention is by no means limited to handling only water or other specific fluids. The only requirement is that the working fluid must be free from air and other gaseous substances. In view of this, pulp or hydraulic material conveyance would represent a highly valuable new field of application for the present invention.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a known mine cooling system with two pumps for compensating losses occurring during operation and due to head machinery; FIG. , a schematic diagram of a known mine cooling system with a single pump for compensation, FIG. 3 is one of the pumps for compensating losses and the pump shown in FIG. FIG. 4 is a detailed view of one embodiment of the device shown in FIG.
Separate cylinders carry the working fluid and the fluid to be conveyed,
5 shows an embodiment of the present invention in which only the pump compensating for losses in the device of FIG. 2 is omitted, and FIG. 6 shows the device shown in FIG. FIG. 3 is a detailed view of an embodiment of the invention in which each cylinder is used to process the working fluid and take up the fluid to be transported. 7.8.9, 10-Shutoff device, 11, 11 a, 11 b-cylinder, 12-pressure transmission device, 12'-actuating device, 13--driving device,
14'-piston, 17-crankshaft, 18-transmission, 19-motor.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A method of transporting a liquid by using a working fluid having potential energy, wherein the energy exchange between the fluids required for said transport occurs during alternating reciprocating movements. The resulting uptake and discharge of said fluid quantity is then carried out in a closed vessel arrangement sealed from the atmosphere and containing a pressure transmission device, and further provided with auxiliary energy.
A method in which at least a portion of said auxiliary energy is supplied to at least one of said fluids to compensate for losses occurring during the process of fluid transport, wherein at least a portion of said auxiliary energy is A method for transporting a liquid, characterized in that the method comprises the step of: applying a force to the pressure transmitting device into the container mechanism itself. 2. A hydraulic head machine for implementing a liquid transport method using a working fluid having potential energy, which is sealed from the atmosphere and performs each step of taking in and moving both the fluid to be transported and the working fluid. In a hydraulic head machine comprising a closed vessel mechanism having a plurality of cylinders, a connection provided with a shutoff means, and a pressure transmission device for alternating reciprocation of said cylinders. , a hydraulic head machine, characterized in that it comprises a mechanical actuation device (12') connected to said pressure transmission device (12) and extending outside the cylinder (11) and connected to a drive device (13). 3. A hydraulic head machine according to claim 2, characterized in that it comprises a separate drive (13) for each of said cylinders (11). 4. Claim characterized in that the actuating elements (12') of at least two of the cylinders (11, 11a, 11b) are connected to one common drive (13). The water head machine described in paragraph 2. 5. Having cylinders arranged in a plurality of pairs (11a, 11b), in each of these pairs one of the cylinders has a connection for the intake and transfer of only the working fluid, the other cylinder is transported The cylinders (11a,
5. Hydraulic head machine according to claim 4, characterized in that the mechanical actuating elements (12') of 11b) are each connected to a common drive (13). 6. The rotation is caused by the drive device (13) and the actuating element (1).
2'), this mechanism preferably comprises one crankshaft (17) and one transmission (18). A hydraulic head machine according to one of claims 2 to 5, comprising: 7. Claims 2 to 6, in which the drive device (13) is constituted by one or more actuating cylinders.
The hydraulic head machine described in item 1 of this section. 8. Hydraulic head machine according to claim 7, characterized in that the drive device (13) consists of a cylinder of several cylinders forming part of the container mechanism. 9. The hydraulic head machine according to claim 1, wherein the drive device (19) is a motor.