HU190476B - Method for delivering fluid to be transported by means of operating liquid having potential energy and water column machine for carrying out the method - Google Patents

Abstract

Energy exchanges between fluids are produced in a system of vessels containing a pressure transmission piston (12) and cylinders (11) sealed from the atmosphere, in a succession of cycles in which liquid to be moved and pressurised operating liquid are alternately fed to individual chambers above and below the piston (12) respectively. In order to make up for the energy losses incurred in the course of the liquid transporting process in a mine cooling system, forces are applied via an actuating device (12') to the pressure transmission piston (12). To render this possible the actuating devices (12') of the particular cylinders (11) are interconnected by a common drive system (13), preferably composed of a crankshaft (17), a transmission gear (16) and an electric motor (19). <IMAGE>

Description

The present invention relates to a method for conveying a fluid to be conveyed by means of an operating fluid having a location energy and a water column machine for carrying out the process.

Methods and water column machines are known in which the energy exchange for fluid transfer is accomplished in a system of pressurized container containing a fluid-transferring fluid between the fluids in a series of fluid inlet and outlet as alternate movement.

Such solutions are described, for example, in U.S. Patent No. 168,430. Hungarian patent specification. Although the systems described in this form utilize the operating fluid in situ with very good (sometimes above 90%) efficiency, losses in the fluid transport process need to be compensated in some applications (such as underground cooling systems).

Therefore, these so-called liquid energy columns utilize the positional energy of the fluid column. water column machines shall be supplemented by loss-making pumps which supply at least one fluid with additional energy. These loss-making pumps make the otherwise simple and inexpensive system complicated and costly, and provide only a limited amount of its otherwise very significant benefits in these applications.

Various pumps (piston, diaphragm, etc.) operating on the principle of liquid displacement are known, which have a pressure releasing means (e.g., a piston) for alternating movement in a closed space (cylinder) and a drive unit connected thereto by a mechanical actuator (eg piston rod). These pumps do not operate on the energy of a control fluid with positional energy, but are connected to a motor and utilize electricity or heat.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide a solution for the use of operating fluid with positional energy for conveying fluid that does not require the use of replacement pumps. The invention is based on the discovery that loss compensation can be accomplished in a very simple manner in the water column machine itself. All that is required is to mechanically exert a force on the alternating motion pressure transducer for the exchange of energy between the fluids. This makes it unnecessary to use separate loss-replacement pumps because the water column machine itself is capable of simultaneously transferring the positional energy of the operating fluid as well as the additional energy for the loss of fluid to the fluid to be transported. In this way we can once again make our system very simple, fully reap the benefits of the application mentioned in the introduction, and even increase it considerably. Thus, based on this discovery, our solution is to provide a method for conveying a fluid to be conveyed using an operating fluid having a positional energy, wherein the exchange of energy required for fluid transfer between the fluids occurs in a series of pressurized wherein, in order to compensate for the losses in the fluid conveying process, at least one fluid is provided with additional energy and wherein at least a portion of the additional energy is supplied to the vessel system itself by mechanical movement of the pressure transducer element in at least one direction. by force.

Our solution, on the other hand, is a water column machine for carrying out the above process, which has a vessel system consisting of closed atmosphere cylinders with closures for transporting and discharging the operating fluid, and having a pressure transducer, according to the invention, a pressure actuator is coupled to a mechanical actuator out of the cylinders which is connected to a drive unit.

A preferred embodiment of the water column machine according to the invention has a separate drive unit per cylinder. In another preferred embodiment, the mechanical actuators of the at least two cylinders are connected to a common drive unit.

Another preferred embodiment has pairs of rollers, within one pair one cylinder has only fluid inlet and outlet connections, the other cylinder has only fluid fluid inlet and outlet ports and a pair of mechanical actuators of a pair of cylinders are connected to a unit.

In a further preferred embodiment of the water column machine according to the invention, a mechanism for converting rotational movement into a linear motion is provided between the drive unit and the actuators.

Optionally, the drive unit is preferably a cylinder, even a cylinder forming part of the vessel system itself. Alternatively, a preferred embodiment of the embodiment wherein the drive unit is a motor.

The invention will now be described, by way of example only, with reference to the accompanying drawings. The

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a conventional mine cooling system based on a water column machine incorporating two replacement pumps; the

Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a conventional mine cooling system based on a water column machine incorporating a replacement pump; the

Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention which does not

1 is a loss replacement pump for the system of Figure 1; the

Figure 4 is a detail of a modified form of the solution of Figure 3 using a separate cylinder for receiving the operating fluid or the fluid to be conveyed; the

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention which does not have a

Fig. 2 also includes a single loss replacement pump; and the

190,476

Figure 6 is a detail of a modified form of the solution of Figure 5, wherein a separate cylinder is used to receive the operating fluid and the fluid to be conveyed.

In the conventional system of Fig. 1, a cooling tower T and a refrigerator HG are arranged on the outside. The HG refrigerator is connected to one side of a VG water column machine located deep down through vertical and descending lines. The other side of the VG water column machine is connected to a horizontal circle containing an M sump and a VL water-air heat exchanger. In the vertical circle, a first loss-relieving pump P _v , in the horizontal circle a second loss-relieving pump P _h , the former on the outside and the latter on the deep level, are inserted.

The water cooled in the HG refrigerator is discharged by the VG water column machine into the suction basin M of pump P _h . The P _h pump forces the cold water through the VL water-air heat exchanger. Towards the suction side of the VG water column machine. The water heated in the VL water-to-air heat exchanger, which provides cooling of the deep workplace air, is fed back into the HG refrigerator by the VG water column through the vertical line ascending line.

Full recirculation, can be ensured only by using the water column machine VG auxiliary energy P _v, P _h pumps.

The conventional system of Figure 2 differs from that of Figure I in that the horizontal circle is closed. This is e.g. No. 168,430; 1 or 2 of the Hungarian Patent Application. In fact, such a VG water column machine can push cold water directly into the horizontal circuit flow line at the desired reduced pressure. Although this solution does not require the use of a separate P _h pump in the horizontal circuit, full recirculation can only be achieved by compensating for losses in both the horizontal and vertical circuits, ie using a P _{v + h} pump with a sufficiently increased output on the outside. water column machine. However, the benefits of leaving the P _h pump can only be realized through other costly modifications to the system: the outdoor P _{h + V} pump, the downstream branch of the 1-2 km long vertical pipeline, and the water column itself for significantly higher pressures. as the horizontal conductors of such systems often operate under 40 bar!

Figure 3 illustrates an example of how the present invention eliminates the need for a pump P _{v for} the system of Figure 1.

In the system of Fig. 3, the downstream conduit 1 of the vertical circuit is connected via a first stop member 7 to a space underneath the piston 12 of the cylinder which acts as a pressure releasing member. The same compartment is connected via a second closure 9 and a conduit 3 to a suction basin 5 to which the suction side of a pump P _h , which is connected to a horizontal circuit flow conduit, is connected. The pressure side of the P _h pump is connected to the inlet side of a VL water-air heat exchanger located in a deep workstation.

The outlet side of the water-to-air heat exchanger V-L is connected via a return line 4 and a third shut-off member 10 on the horizontal circuit to the space above the pressure-releasing member 12 of the cylinder 11. The same space is connected via a fourth closing member 8 to the ascending line 2 of the vertical circuit, and is preferably provided with a vessel 6 (for example, an air valve with a vent valve) for equalizing and venting. The pressure transducer 12 has an actuator 12 'which is sealed out of the cylinder 11 and is connected to a drive unit 13. The actuator 12 'in this case is a piston rod and the drive unit 13 is a pneumatic cylinder whose piston 14 is driven by compressed air supplied from a compressor or network (not shown) via an air line 15 and a three-way valve 16.

The system of Fig. 3 operates as follows: When the pressure transducer 12 and the piston 14 are in the lower end position, the space above the organ 12 is filled with hot water supplied by the pump P _h during the previous stroke and the valve 16 towards the atmosphere. is open. At this point, the closures 9, 10 are closed, the closures 7, 8 are opened, and the air line 15 is connected via valve 16 to a source of compressed air (not shown). At this point, high pressure cold water from conduit I is pushed into the space below organ 12 and displaces hot water from organ 12 through conduit 8 into conduit 2. This process is supported by the drive unit 13 in that the compressed air supplied through the line 15 to the piston 14 mechanically exerts a force on the pressure transducer 12 through the actuator 12 '(the system is shown in this figure). In the case of the mining cooling systems of Fig. 1, mentioned in the introduction, the drive unit 13 should provide only about 5 to 10% of the total energy required for the fluid conveyance, but in other applications substantially different proportions are possible.

When the organ 12 and piston 14 reach the upper end position, the closures 7, 8 are closed, the closures 9, 10 are opened and the space below the piston 14 is connected to the atmosphere by means of valve 16. At this point, hot water flows through the closure 10 into the space above the organ 12, which

The alternating device 12-12 '14 is pushed downwards so that the cold water from the space below the organ 12 is discharged through the closure 9 into the suction tank 5 and the compressed air from unit 13 is discharged into the atmosphere. As a result, the organ 12 and the piston 14 return to the lower end position and the described cycle is restarted.

Figure 3 shows, for the sake of simplicity, a roller 11 and a drive unit 13. Of course, in practice, it is desirable to employ a plurality of rollers and drive units attached thereto to make the fluid flow continuous and uniform. As the implementation of this, together with the necessary collaboration and control, is only a design and editing task based on the existing knowledge, we do not go into details.

Figure 4 is a detail of a modified form of the solution of Figure 3. Here is the 11 rollers

Instead of 190 476, the cylinders 1a and 1b are shown separately for receiving the actuator and the fluid to be conveyed, both of which are provided with 12a and 1b respectively. 12b with pressure transducer. Between the two cylinders is located a single-axis drive unit 13 formed as a pneumatic cylinder, the piston 14 of which is joined by a common actuator 12 ', which enters the unit 13 sealed below. Accordingly, the conductors 1 and 3 are connected to the cylinder 11a with their closures at the bottom, and the conductors 2 and 4 to the cylinder 11b at the top with the closures arranged on them. Such a two-cylinder solution is e.g. it can prevent heat transfer, along with the external insulation that is often used in cooling systems.

The central positioning of the unit 13 here serves, for example, to allow the drive unit and the relative position of the cylinder (s) to be freely selected, in each case in the most favorable manner.

The mode of operation of the apparatus of Figure 4, which fits into the system of Figure 3, does not require special explanation.

Figure 5 illustrates an example of how to perform loss relief assistance with a single common drive unit 13 for three water column machines with three parallel cylinders 11. In this system, the pressure transducers 12 (pistons) of the three cylinders 11 are connected to a common drive unit 13 consisting of a crankshaft 17, a speed reducer 18 and an electric motor 19 via an actuator 12 '(piston rod connected crank).

The pressure transmitting members 12 and the locking members 7, 8, 9, 10 of each cylinder 11 are displaced in phase relative to one another, similarly to the three-cylinder two-stroke engines, and the crankshaft 17 is similar thereto. The operation of the apparatus is otherwise analogous to that described with reference to Fig. 3, except that the suction tank 5 and the pump P _h are omitted and the line 3 is connected to the VL water-air heat exchanger. We will not go into the question of opening the individual closures, as this naturally follows from the previous ones. Otherwise, like reference numerals denote elements having the same function in both figures.

For purposes of the present invention, it is important to note that in the embodiment of FIG. 5, the motor 19 of the drive unit 13 provides the auxiliary power to the pressure transducer 12 through mechanical action through actuators 12 ', crankshaft 17 and transmission 18. The motor 19 is preferably provided with a stepless thyristor speed controller known per se (not shown), which is the most economical means of controlling the mass flow. The locking means of the cylinders 11 - at least the locking means 7 and 9 (not shown) - are automatically controlled, optionally by means of the conventional use and operation of a camshaft in internal combustion engines.

Figure 6 shows a detail of the modified form of the three-cylinder unit shown in Figure 5, the middle cylinder and its connections, except that the crankshaft here is vand and, similar to the solution shown in Figure 4, two a separate cylinder for receiving the operating fluid and the fluid transported.

Since the symbols of the figure are the same as those of figures 5 and 4 and the mode of operation is the same as that of one of the cylinders of figure 5, no further description is required.

Note, however, that in the embodiment of FIG. 6, the actuator 12 'is connected directly to the pressure transducer 12b in a manner known per se for single-action internal combustion engines and, similarly, to penetrate deep into the 1lb cylinder, reducing the perpendicular to the crankshaft. , while its structure is simpler.

For the sake of clarity, it should be noted that both the vertical, horizontal, horizontal and bi-directional pump systems can be used with any of the auxiliary power transmissions shown in Figures 3 and 4 or the motor auxiliary power transmission shown in Figures 5 and 6. replacement of energy. This only depends on the correct choice - single or double-acting - and possibly the layout of the cylindrical solutions; however, it is self-evident in motorized solutions per unit.

It is stated explicitly that a component designated 12 'in the drawings and designated as an "actuator" may consist of a single member (piston rod; crank) or multiple members (e.g. crank connected to the piston rod, with or without guiding the piston rod, etc.). ); for the sake of clarity, the piston rod guide is not shown in the drawings.

In the examples shown in Figures 5 and 6, Figs. The cylinders Ua-IIb assist each other through the crankshaft 17, so that they are in fact also acting as drive units with respect to each other. In some applications, it is conceivable that the engine 19 and transmission 18 may be temporarily bypassed or even abandoned. In this case, each of the eleven and the eleven respectively. The functions of the 1-pound-1-pound cylinders water column machine and power-assisted drive unit can only be separated in a momentary operating position, intertwined in overall operation. It is a general statement of the invention that the arrangement of the cylinders of the water column machine may be arbitrary with respect to each other and to the mechanism that alternates the rotary motion, and thus to their spatial location.

Similarly, the water column machine of the present invention may be made of any type of single or double acting rollers. In the latter case, the development of the required additional wiring connections, closure applications and layouts is a task that does not require any skilled person.

It is important that the equipment and its parts be 'de

190 476 tosan - with enabling bodies. These are also not shown in the figures.

The same applies to the need to supply the equipment with known organs at high pressures which, prior to switching each closure member ⁵ , allow the pressures to be compensated between internal fluid compartments of different pressures sufficient to prevent water shocks. Such means may include providing connecting the actuating liquid side closures of two sides of a very small flow ^{of 10} or also permanent.

In addition to the above, the present invention has the following significant advantages:

Bányahűtö system the water column machine according to the invention is at the same time point of the cooling water ¹⁵ flows public. This way

- there is no need for separate handling and maintenance personnel at pumping stations located off-site and at deep level;

- Spare parts and ²⁰ cold storage may also be concentrated near the water column machine;

- the total concentration - unlike partial concentration shown in Figure 2 - makes ²⁵ sizing of the vertical wire pair descendent branch and water column machine for superimposed pressures superfluous, as here the horizontal circle smaller vertikálisnál pressure of the water column machine already tolerates or even - at least partially - also provides it without increasing pressure in the vertical circle; this circumstance provides a direct, favorable opportunity for a simple transition to the system of the invention;

the mode of cooperation of the cylinders of the water column machines according to the invention with the crank system, especially in the multicylinder 35, is a very effective means of ensuring a waterproof operation, which is further facilitated by the constant speed electric power transmission;

and last but not least, with a significantly lower cost of ownership for the concentrated cooling water conveying system ^{40 of the present} invention, the overall efficiency is greatly reduced, resulting in a significant reduction in energy costs.

The invention is not limited to the case ⁴ 5 Water or other homogenous liquid. Our only requirement is that the operating fluid should not contain air or gas in a gaseous state. In this way, deep slurry or hydraulic material conveyance can also be a valuable area of the invention.

Claims (9)

Claims I. A method for conveying a fluid to be transported by means of an operating fluid having a positional energy, wherein the exchange of energy for fluid transfer between the fluids is performed in a pressurized container system closed to the atmosphere, in a series of fluid inputs and outputs; to compensate for losses in the fluid transfer process, at least one of the fluids is provided with additional energy, characterized in that at least a portion of the additional energy is supplied to the vessel system itself by mechanical force exerted by the pressure transducer during at least one movement thereof. A water column machine for carrying out the process according to claim 1, comprising a vessel system comprising atmospheric-closed cylinders with closures having inlet means for transporting and discharging the operating fluid, and having a pressure transducer for alternating movement in the cylinders, characterized in that a mechanical actuator (12 '), which is disengaged from the rollers (11) and is connected to the drive unit (13), is connected to the pressure relay members (12). Water column machine according to claim 2, characterized in that it has a separate drive unit (13) per cylinder (11). Water column machine according to claim 2, characterized in that the mechanical actuators (12 ') of at least two cylinders (11, 11a, 11b) are connected to a common drive unit (13). Water column machine according to claim 4, characterized in that it has pairs of cylinders (IIa, 11b), one cylinder (IIa) within each pair having only the inlet and outlet of the operating fluid, and the other cylinder being conveyed only for transport. The fluid has connections for inlet and outlet of the fluid, and mechanical actuators (12 ') of a pair of rollers (11a, 11b) are connected to a common drive unit (13). 6 A 2-5. Water column machine according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that a mechanism comprises a crankshaft (17) and a transmission (18) for converting the movement between the drive unit (13) and the actuators (12 ') into a linear alternating motion. 7. Water column machine according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the drive unit (13) is a cylinder. Water column machine according to claim 7, characterized in that the drive unit (13) is a cylinder (11, 11a, 11b) forming part of the vessel system. 9. Water column machine according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the drive unit (19) is a motor.