JPS6191616A - Method and device for digital display of right ascension and celestial declination of quatorial - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To attain an easy-to-see display, to eliminate variation in right ascension accompanying diurnal motion, and to reduce a device in weight and size by storing a right ascension value which is increased to the east corresponding to a unit time, calculating the right ascension value, celestial declination value, and said displacement value by a microcomputer, and displaying them digitally. CONSTITUTION:The right ascension and celestial declination values of an optional star put in the visual field of a telescope are inputted to a digital setter 5 and a right ascension axis is rotated to the west according to the diurnal motion of the star, so that a right ascension axis rotary encoder 1 outputs two pulse train signals CW and CCW. The microcomputer 13 converts the number of pulses into the quantity of deviation in right ascension value and subtracts this from a right ascension value stored in a RAM10 previously, so that the right ascension value on a digital display device 6 is constant even when the right ascension axis is rotated according to the diurnal motion. Then, the right ascension and declination axes are rotated to catch a desired star. Therefore, the display of the right ascension value is constant regardless of diurnal motion to facilitate astronomic observation, the right ascension and celestial declination are made easy to see and have high precision; and the device is reduced in weight and size.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention detects the rotation of the right ascension axis and the declination axis of an equatorial mount for an astronomical telescope, converts it into right ascension and declination values, and converts this into right ascension and declination values. The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for digital display.

[Prior Art] In the conventional equatorial mount X of this kind shown in Fig. 4, right ascension and declination are determined by right ascension scale ring C and declination scale ring d, which are arranged around the right ascension axis a and the declination axis. Is displayed.

The right ascension scale ring C and the declination scale ring d are used when searching for stars that cannot be seen with the naked eye with an astronomical telescope e based on the right ascension and declination on the celestial sphere.For example, M2O3, which is famous for the Sombrero Nebula, If you are looking for Spica in the constellation Virgo, which is a bright star that is easy to find, as your guide star, the difference in right ascension and declination of both stars will be the right ascension and declination, so first place Spica in the center of the field of view of the astronomical telescope e. Once you have captured it, all you have to do is turn the right ascension axis a by a longitude difference of 45 (45 minutes) to match the scale of the right ascension scale ring C. still,
When the right ascension scale point fixing screw (not shown) is tightened, the right ascension scale ring C rotates with the right ascension axis a, and when it is loosened, the right ascension scale ring C is released from the right ascension axis a and the right ascension scale ring C When the spica is captured in the center of the field of view, loosen the right ascension scale point fixing screw, quickly turn the right ascension scale ring C to set it at O, and fix it again. Afterwards, you can turn the right ascension difference by 451 (minutes) according to the scale, or if calculating the longitude difference is troublesome, loosen the right ascension scale point fixing screw as soon as you capture Subika in the center of the field of view and quickly turn the red ascension point. Turn the scale ring C to set it to Spica's right ascension of 13h22m, then follow the scale instructions to set M2O3's right ascension to 12".
All you have to do is turn it up to 37Il', and either method will turn M2O
3 can be captured in the visual field.

As described above, for the equatorial mount X, the right ascension scale ring C and the declination scale ring d have extremely important functions.

However, the right ascension scale ring C and the declination scale ring d are circular rings with finely carved scales, and the right ascension and declination are not very easy to see, and on medium-sized and smaller equatorial mounts The accuracy is poor (one scale is about 10 minutes in right ascension or hour angle, and about 2 degrees in declination), and even if the above-mentioned longitude difference of 45 (minutes) is combined with right ascension scale ring C, it will not be accurate. The reality is that M2O3 cannot be captured in the center of the field of view and adjustments are made while looking through the astronomical telescope e, which is inconvenient. Furthermore, stars move from east to west in a circle around Polaris at a rate of one rotation per sidereal day due to diurnal motion, so when observing a star, once you have captured the star you are aiming for, you should follow the right ascension axis a. This is done while rotating the
At this time, the right ascension scale ring C also rotates.In other words, in the above example, the astronomical telescope e is always moving toward M2O3, so even though its right ascension is 12h371, the right ascension axis a Since the right ascension scale ring C also rotates at the same time, it is inconvenient that it is impossible to determine from the indications on the right ascension scale ring C what time and minute of right ascension the astronomical telescope is facing.

Of the above inconveniences, it is difficult to read the instructions, but there are devices that digitally display the right ascension and declination of equatorial mounts, but these are exclusively composed of hardware such as up-down counters and full adders. It had a large number of parts, was large, and was expensive.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] However, the present invention provides an equatorial system that displays right ascension and declination in an easy-to-see manner, has high accuracy, does not change right ascension due to diurnal movement, is light and small, and can be incorporated into an equatorial mount. The present invention aims to provide a method and device for digitally displaying the right ascension and declination of a given area.

Means for Solving Problem E] The method of the present invention replaces the rotation direction and rotation ω of the right ascension axis and the declination axis with electric signals and inputs them into a microcomputer (hereinafter referred to as microcomputer), and the microcomputer converts the electric signals. While converting the signal into the displacement amount of the right ascension value and declination value, the right ascension value of the separately input right ascension value and declination value is stored as a value that increases eastward by the unit time for each unit time. Then, the right ascension value, the declination value, the right ascension axis and the red 1i! which are sent as the electric signal. The rotation amount of the axis, that is, the displacement amount of the right ascension value and the declination value is calculated and displayed digitally.

The apparatus directly used for carrying out the method of the present invention is shown in FIGS. 1 to 3.
This will be explained with reference to the diagram.

The device A of the present invention has a right ascension scale ring C and a declination scale ring C, which are provided on the right ascension axis a and the red ascension axis, respectively. An incremental type right ascension axis rotary encoder 1 and a declination axis rotary encoder 2 are installed as shown in the imaginary line in place of the first ring d, and the signals sent from the right ascension axis rotary encoder 1 and the declination axis rotary encoder 2 are installed as shown in the imaginary lines instead of the first ring d. coming signal cw, ccw
A right ascension axis gate 3 and a declination axis gate 4 for controlling the opening and closing of passage of any one of the above, a digital setting device 6 and a digital display 5 on the outside, and a digital interface 7 on the inside.
CPU8. It consists of a microcomputer 13 in which a ROM 9° RAM 10 and a crystal oscillator 11 which emits a signal every unit time are installed in a system via a bus 12.

The right ascension axis rotary encoder 1 and the declination axis rotary encoder 2 have slits 20 at equal intervals in the circumferential direction on the periphery.
' group is placed on the disk plate 20 and the disk plate 20
A slit plate 23 facing a position corresponding to one side and having slits 21 and 21' groups placed at two locations separated by a predetermined interval.
The slit plate 23 and the disk plate 20 are sandwiched between a light emitting diode 24.24' and a photodiode 25.25', which are arranged opposite to each other. When rotates, light is emitted from the light emitting diode 24, 24' and the slit 21 of the slit plate 23
The light passing through the ゜21' group passes through the slit 20 of the disk plate 20.
′ group, it is transmitted. This light is slit 20'
The current is converted into a current by photodiodes 25 and 25' facing the respective slits 21 and 21', and outputted as two rectangular wave train signals cw and ccw by waveform shaping.

(See FIG. 3) Since these two outputs have a phase difference of 90° (electrical angle), the direction of rotation of the disk plate 20 can be determined from the pulse that comes first, and the amount of rotation can be measured from the number of pulses.

The right ascension axis gate 3 and the declination axis gate 4 each have two A
Consists of ND element 30.31, and the AND element 30.3
One of the input sides of 1 is connected to the right ascension axis rotary encoder 1 and the declination axis rotary encoder 2, and the other side is connected to the digital interface 7 that outputs the timing of the open command signal, and the output side is connected to the digital interface 7.
and the respective 2 signals sent from the right ascension axis rotary encoder 1 and the declination axis rotary encoder 2.
Either one of the two pulse signal trains Cw and ccw is A
The open command signal from the digital interface 7 continues at the time it is input to the ND elements 30 and 31, and the remaining A
The ND elements 30 and 31 are configured so that the input of the open command signal from the digital interface 7 is interrupted and the ND elements 30 and 31 are closed to prevent pulse train signals cw and ccw in the opposite direction from being input to the digital interface 7. Incidentally, when the pulse train signals cw and ccw are not sent for a certain period of time, an open command signal is sent again from the digital interface 7 to one AND element 30.31 that was closed until then, and both AND elements 30.31 are closed in the same manner. state and waits for the next pulse train signals Cw and ccw.

The microcomputer 13 inputs arbitrary right ascension values and declination values through the digital setting device 5, and stores them in the RAM 10.
The right ascension value is stored at a predetermined designated address, and the crystal transmission t! A signal is sent from R11 to CPtJ8 every unit time (for example, 1 second of sidereal time), and the signal is incremented by the unit time in the east direction and stored at a predetermined address in RAM10. Either the pulse train signal cw or ccw sent via the encoder 2, right ascension axis gate 3, and declination axis gate 4 is stored in the ROM 9 in advance, and the right ascension value is determined by the arithmetic processing of the CPU 8 according to a program. and the right ascension value and red I converted into the displacement amount of the declination value and stored in the RAM 10.
The Q value is incremented or subtracted, respectively, and this is displayed on the digital display 6.

[Function] To explain the operation of the device A of the present invention, first, an arbitrary star is introduced into the center of the field of view of the telescope e, and its right ascension value and declination value are inputted from the digital setting device 5. 13
The CPLJ8 stores this field at a predetermined designated address in the RAM10 and displays it on the digital display 6. If the right ascension axis a is then rotated westward in accordance with the diurnal motion of the star, the disk plate 20 of the right ascension rotary encoder 1 will also rotate and two pulse train signals cw and ccw will be output. At gate 3, either one of the pulse train signals c is generated depending on the rotation direction.
Only w and ccw are input to the microcomputer 13. The microcomputer 13 converts this number of pulses into the amount of displacement of the right ascension value,
The right ascension value stored in the RAM 10 is subtracted from the right ascension value stored in the RAM 10, but the right ascension value stored in the RAM 10 is subtracted in the east direction (that is, in the opposite direction to the diurnal movement) every unit time from the time it is input from the digital setting device 5. ) is stored at a predetermined designated address in the RAM 10, the result of the subtraction is the initially input right ascension value, and this value is displayed on the digital display 6. In other words, even if the right ascension axis a is rotated with the diurnal movement, the right ascension value on the digital display 6 remains constant.

In addition, when capturing other stars, by rotating the right ascension axis a and the declination axis a, the right ascension axis rotary encoder 1. The direction and amount of rotation are detected by the declination axis rotary encoder 2, right ascension axis gate 3, and declination axis gate 4, and input to the microcomputer 13, which is then processed by the internal CPLJ 8 and sequentially outputs the right ascension value and the red ascension value. Since the latitude value is displayed digitally, all you have to do is turn the right ascension axis a and the declination @b until you reach the right ascension and declination values of the star you are aiming for. Since the longitude value is constant and always displayed, when capturing another star, there is no need to readjust the right ascension scale ring C to the right ascension value of the star currently captured in the field of view, as in the conventional method. longitudinal axis a
All you have to do is rotate it.

To explain the accuracy of the right ascension and declination values displayed by the device A of the present invention, for example, the right ascension Oha and the declination axis are 144:
Using worm f and worm gear Q of 1 in mesh
When using encoder 1.2 with 100 pulses per rotation, the angle of one encoder pulse is ○all around the declination axis 360 @ (21600').The angle of one encoder pulse is ○all around the right ascension axis 24:00 (86400 seconds). is displayed with precision.

[Effects] As described above, since the method and device of the present invention digitally display the right ascension and declination of the equatorial mount, it is extremely easy to detect children, and the accuracy of the displayed right ascension and declination values is higher than that of the conventional scale. It is extremely convenient for astronomical observation because it is much taller than the ring and always displays a constant right ascension value despite the rotation of its right ascension axis due to diurnal motion. Furthermore, since the number of component parts is small, the manufacturing cost is low, the size can be reduced, and it can be integrated into an equatorial mount, which has excellent effects.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figure 1 is a block diagram of the device of the present invention, Figures 2 and 3 are schematic diagrams of the incremental rotary encoder constituting the device of the present invention and their output waveforms, and Figure 4 is a diagram of the conventional equatorial mount. FIG. X...Equatorial mount A...Equatorial mount's right ascension and declination digital display device a...Right ascension axis b...Declination axis C...Right ascension scale ring d...
- Declination scale ring e... Astronomical telescope 1... Right ascension axis rotary encoder 2... Declination axis rotary encoder 3... Right ascension axis gate 4... Declination axis gate 5.
...Digital setting device 6...Digital display 7...
・Digital interface 8...CPU9...
ROM 10...RAM 11...Crystal oscillator 12...Bus 13...Microcomputer-2
0...Disc plate 21.21'...Slit 2
3...Slit plate 24.24'...Light emitting diode 25.25'...Photodiode 30.31...
・AND element Figure 2 2υ Figure 3 Procedural amendment January 21, 1985 Manabu Shiga, Commissioner of the Patent Office 1, Indication of the case 1981 Patent Application No. 211469 2, Title of invention Red equatorial mount Longitudinal/declination digital display method and device 3, relationship with the case of the person making the amendment Patent applicant address: 2-7-7 Nishiazabu, Minato-ku, Tokyo Name
Otake Manufacturing Co., Ltd. 4, Agent 105 Address 6, Peninsula Building, 1-12-8 Toranomon, Minato-ku, Tokyo
, Detailed Description of the Invention Column 7 of the Specification Subject to Amendment, Contents of the Amendment (1) Page 13 of the Specification, Lines 1 to 16, “Device of the Invention A
It is displayed as ~. ” [To explain the accuracy of the right ascension and declination values displayed by the device A of the present invention, for example, the conventional German type red a shown in FIG.
In IRX, worm f, 1 rotation 100 on the f side axis
If you install pulse encoder 1.2, the worm f
, when the ratio of f and worm gears c+, q is 144:1,
The number of pulses generated in one rotation of the right ascension axis a and the declination axis is 14.
4X 100 = 14400 pulses. Therefore, the angle of one encoder pulse (360 degrees (21,600') around the entire circumference of the declination axis is 24 o'clock (86,400 seconds) around the entire right ascension axis.The angle of one encoder pulse is displayed with the accuracy of. If the encoder 1°2 is directly attached to each part of the right ascension axis a and the declination axis shown in Fig. 4, the encoder 1. The angle per pulse can be found by dividing the entire circumference (360 degrees, 24 o'clock) of the right ascension axis a and the declination axis a by the number of pulses generated in one rotation of 2. Therefore, if you use encoder 1.2 with 14,400 pulses per rotation, 1
Similarly, the pulses are 1.5 (minutes) in declination and 6 (seconds) in right ascension. Correct it with J.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. When observing the diurnal motion of a celestial body, the direction and amount of rotation of the right ascension axis and the declination axis are each replaced with electric signals and input into a microcomputer, and the microcomputer converts the electric signals into electric signals. While converting the right ascension value and declination value into displacement amounts respectively, the right ascension value of the separately input right ascension value and declination value is stored as a value that increases eastward by the unit time for each unit time. and calculate the right ascension value and declination value and the displacement amount,
Digital display method 2 of right ascension and declination on an equatorial mount that sequentially displays this digitally. Two electric lights are installed on the right ascension and declination axes, respectively, and that have different phases as the right ascension and declination axes rotate. a right ascension axis rotary encoder and a declination axis rotary encoder that output signals, a right ascension axis gate each consisting of two AND elements, the remaining one of which is closed when one of the two electrical signals is input; The electric signals sent through the declination axis gate and the right ascension axis gate and the declination axis gate are respectively converted into displacement amounts of right ascension values and declination values, while separately input right ascension values and The equator comprises a microcomputer that stores the right ascension value of the declination value by incrementing it eastward by a unit time every unit time, calculates the right ascension value, the declination value, and the displacement amount, and sequentially displays it digitally. Right Ascension, Declination Digital Display Device 3 The microcomputer has an external digital setting device and a digital display, and an internal digital interface, CPU, ROM, RAM, and a crystal oscillator that emits a signal every unit time. The right ascension and declination digital display device for an equatorial mount according to claim 2, which is systemically implemented via a bus.