JPS6190810A - Rotary chuck - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To improve the efficiency of click section replacing work and to automate the machine tool by fixing/releasing a jaw assembly having plural click members through locking device to the chuck body. CONSTITUTION:A rotary chuck 10 includes a chuck body 14, a jaw assembly 16 to be coupled dismountably to the chuck body 14 and a locking device 18 for securing the assembly 16 dismountably to the body 14. Upon function of sliding shaft 78 toward the retracting position, each sleeve 62 will move to the retracting position thus to secure the assembly 16 firmly to the body 14 by means of a locking member 58. Upon function of the sliding shaft 78 to advancing position, said member 58 will function toward the releasing position thus to mount/dismount the assembly 16 against the body 14. Said operations can be executed by a robot.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Technical Field) The present invention relates to a rotary chuck for releasably holding an object to be fixed, and particularly to a rotary chuck suitable for a four-automatic system.

(Prior Art) Machine tools such as lathes generally use a rotary chuck as a means for fixing a workpiece. With a rotary chuck like this.

Depending on the diameter of the workpiece, that is, the object to be fixed, it is necessary to replace each of the 59 jaws provided on the chuck body with one of an appropriate size.

In conventional rotary chucks, this jaw replacement work requires manual labor to remove and retighten multiple fixing bolts provided for each jaw, and in addition, replacement work for each jaw is required. Is required. Therefore, the conventional rotary chunk has the disadvantage that it causes a decrease in work efficiency and is not suitable for the overall automation of machine tools. To eliminate the need for replacement work for each jaw.

The rotary chunk is divided into a chuck main body connected to a drive shaft and a base member provided with a plurality of holes. It is conceivable to connect it to the chuck main body and to the removable portion. According to this, the replacement of each jaw can be performed collectively by the operation of handling the base member provided with a plurality of jaws, so that the replacement of each jaw individually is not necessary.

However, if fixing steps such as bolts are used to connect the base member and the chuck body, manual work is required to remove a plurality of fixing bolts and retighten the bolts.

Therefore, even if a transfer σ pot for the base is used to place the base provided with the jaws or claw members on the chuck body and to remove the base from the chuck body, each of the fixing Manual work is required to remove and retighten the bolts, which reduces work efficiency and is not suitable for total automation of machine tools.

(Objective) An object of the present invention is to streamline the replacement work of the claw members by eliminating the need for replacing each claw member individually,
Moreover, the object is to provide a row chuck suitable for automation of machine tools.

(Structure) The present invention includes a chuck body connected to a drive shaft, a base member disposed so as to be able to come into contact with the chuck body, and a plurality of base members provided on the base member for releasably holding an object to be fixed. a jaw assembly having a pawl member; and a locking device for releasably fixing the jaw assembly to the chuck body; A slot y) provided through the chuck body and f! provided in the chuck body and arranged parallel to the axis of the chuck body. 11 and a head provided at the tip of the shaft; the head protrudes from the slot of the base member and engages with the base member; i) J mechanism for linear and rotational movement of the jaw member between a tightened position in which the jaw assembly is fixed to the chuck body and a released position in which the head protrudes from the slot and allows removal of the jaw assembly from the chuck body; It is characterized by comprising:

(Operation and Effect) In the chuck chuck No. n11 according to the present invention, the J assembly provided with the plurality of pawl members is fixed to the chuck main body No. J by controlling the operation of the actuating mechanism No. The locking member can be actuated between a tightened position and a released position that allows removal of the jaw assembly from the chuck body;
The jaw assembly can be fixed to the chuck body and the jaw assembly can be released from the chuck body by activating the actuating mechanism.

Therefore, according to the present invention, the jaw assembly can be fixed to and removed from the chuck body by controlling the operation of the actuation mechanism, so that the claw member, that is, the jaw can be fixed to the object to be fixed. It is now possible to replace them all at once without having to replace them individually depending on the size of the jaw assembly, and when fixing the jaw assembly to the chuck body and releasing it from the chuck body, there is no need to use conventional fixing bolts. This eliminates the need for manual work to remove and retighten each time, and this makes the work of replacing the claw member (4) an IIT function. Achieving full automation will become the A7 function.

(Example) The features of the present invention will become clearer from the following description of the illustrated embodiment. Drive shaft 1 of a machine tool such as a lathe
a chuck body 14 axially and fixedly connected to the chuck body 2; a jaw assembly 16 removably coupled to the chuck body; and a jaw assembly 16 releasably connected to the chuck body 14. and a locking device 18 for fixing.

The chuck body 14, as clearly shown in FIG. A groove 20 extending in the direction is provided. A master jaw driving member 22 movable in the radial direction of the chuck body 14 is provided in each groove 20.
A kotta 24 protrudes from it. In addition, the chuck body 14
A guide pin 2.6 for guiding the jaw assembly 16 is provided on the end face of the jaw assembly 16.

As is clear from FIG. 1(a), which is a cross-sectional view of the chuck body 14 taken along line 1a-1a shown in FIG. Also, the drive shaft 1 has a surface 22a formed thereon.
A tubular first slide shaft 28 extending coaxially with the drive shaft at a distance from the drive shaft is disposed within the drive shaft so as to be movable in the axial direction thereof. A screw member 30 is fixed to the tip of the first slide shaft 28 to be screwed into the tip. A shifter 32 is fixed to the screw member 30,
The shifter is formed with a tapered surface 32a corresponding to the tapered surface 22a of the drive member 22; in the illustrated example,
The shifter 32 is fixed to the screw member by tightening the port 34 by sandwiching the flange portion 30a of the screw member 30 between the shifter 32 and the backing plate 36, and between the screw member 30 and the shifter 32. is provided with anti-rotation means 38 consisting of a pawl and a spring. Therefore, when the slide shaft 28 of tJtjl is moved in its axial direction, the shifter 32 moves integrally with it in the axial direction of the chuck body 14, and the movement of the shifter 32 causes the master jaw driving members 22 to move respectively. The chuck body 14 is simultaneously moved in the radial direction.

The jaw assembly 16 includes a generally circular base member 42 having a central opening 40 for receiving an object therein, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 3; A plurality of master jaw members, ie, claw members 44, are provided which are movable in the radial direction of the base member 42 so as to cooperate with each other to clamp the object to be fixed disposed within the portion 40. Grooves 46 corresponding to the grooves 20 of the chuck body 14 are formed in the base member 42, and support members 48 are disposed within each groove 46 so as to be movable in the radial direction of the base member 42. The claw members 44 are fixed to each support member 48 via a port 50, and the claw members 44 fixed to the support members 48 are designed to interlock with the corresponding master jaw drive member 22. A receiving hole 52 is formed for receiving the corresponding socket 24. Furthermore, the base member 42 has a.

A guide hole 54 for receiving the guide pin 26 is formed.

The jaw assembly 16 is attached to the guide hole 5 of the base member 42.
4 and the support member 48 are fixed to the chuck body so that the insertion holes 52 receive the corresponding guide pins 26 and the pushers 24, respectively, and the base member 42 can come into contact with the chuck body 14. When the first slide shaft 28 is moved in its axial direction, each claw member 44 is moved to fix or release the object.

a locking device 18 is provided for releasably securing the jaw assembly 16 to the chuck body 14;
The locking device includes a plurality of slots 5 formed in the base member 42 and passing through the base member in the axial direction of the base member.
6, a plurality of lock members 58 provided on the chuck body 14, and an actuation mechanism 60 for the lock members.

Each locking member 58 has a shaft portion 58 having a circular cross-sectional shape.
The head 58c includes a base 58b formed at one end of the shaft, and a head 58c formed at the other end of the shaft 58a. It has a rectangular planar shape (see FIG. 2) that projects in the direction.

The actuating device 60 includes a generally cylindrical sleeve 62 provided corresponding to each locking member 58 and disposed around the shaft portion 58a of the locking member. Each sleeve 62
The receiver is placed in a guide hole 64 formed in the chuck body 14 and extending parallel to the axial direction of the chuck body so as to be movable in the axial direction of the guide hole and around the axis. An annular oil rule 66 is provided at the end of each guide hole 64 . Each sleeve 62 consists of a main body portion 62a and a threaded portion 62b that is screwed and fixed to the main body portion.
A recess 62c is formed to receive a finger member 68 for integrally moving the finger member 68 in the axial direction. nrl
The finger member 68 fits into the corresponding recess 62c of each sleeve 62 at its arming portion 68a. A corresponding locking member 58 is provided on the inner circumferential surface of the sleeve main body portion 62a.
A key groove 7o (ffi5) for receiving a key 68° provided on the shaft 58a and extending in the axial direction of the shaft.
(see figure), and the sleeve 62 and the locking member 58 are spline-fitted to each other via the key 68° and the keyway 70.

Between the chuck body 14 and the sleeve 62,
Cam means 72 for imparting rotational movement to the sleeve about its axis when movement is imparted to the sleeve 62 in the direction of its axis via said finger member 68, thereby causing the sleeve 62 to move helically. It is provided.

As shown in FIG. 4, the cam means 72 includes a cam groove 74 formed on the outer circumferential surface of each sleeve 62 so as to be inclined in the circumferential direction of the sleeve, and a corresponding cam groove 74 formed on the outer peripheral surface of each sleeve 62 from the circumferential wall of each guide hole. A protrusion 76 that protrudes into the groove 74 is provided. Cam groove 7
Extension portions 74a and 74b extending outward in the axial direction of the sleeve 62 are provided at each end of the cam groove 74, and both ends 74a and 74b of the cam groove 74 are provided at each end of the sleeve 62.
They are separated in the circumferential direction by the length of 4 circumferences (π radians).

Therefore, for example, the sleeve 62 moves from a position where the protrusion 76 engages with one end 74a of the groove 74 to the other end 74b.
When the sleeve 62 is retarded axially into a position that engages the protrusion 76, the sleeve 62 is rotated 90 degrees about its axis.

When the sleeve 62 is in the advanced position shown in FIG.
@Protrusion 76 engages with one end 74a of cam n74,
A locking member 58 spline-fitted to the sleeve 62
is held in a state where its head 58c is aligned substantially in the circumferential direction of the chuck body, as shown in FIG. 2, and is prevented from rotating. Also, sleeve 62: JSS
When each locking member 58 is moved toward a retracted position (not shown), each locking member 58 spirally moves integrally with the sleeve 62 toward an attitude rotated 90 degrees from the rotated position shown in FIG. The other end 74b of the cam groove 74 allows the locking member 58 to reliably tighten the base member 42, which will be described later.

A second annular slide shaft 7 is disposed inside the drive shaft 12 for imparting movement to the sleeve 62 in its axial direction.
8 is provided. The second slide shaft 78 is located between the drive shaft 12 and the first annular slide shaft 28 and is movable in the axial direction. This second annular slide shaft 7
The finger member 68 is coupled to the tip of the slide shaft 8 to form an arm portion of the slide shaft. In the example shown in FIG.
In order to allow for gentle pivoting, the finger member has a disc spring 84 and a spherical surface between a threaded member 80 fixed to the tip of the slide shaft 78 and a threaded member 82 that is threadedly engaged with the threaded member. It is clamped via a washer 86. Further, a rotation preventing means 88 consisting of a pawl and a spring is provided between the finger member 68 and the screw member 82 to prevent rotation of the screw member.

Therefore, when the slide shaft 7B at tJ2 is moved in the axial direction, the arm portion of the slide shaft, that is, the finger member 68 is moved in the axial direction, and the finger member 68 is moved in the axial direction. Via 68, the sleeves 62 are each simultaneously moved between the forward and retracted positions described above.

On the surface of the base member 42 of the jaw assembly 16 opposite to the chuck body 14, there are fan-shaped recesses 90 (90
a, 90b and 90c) are formed, and the slot 56 is formed through the bottom of the recess.

Each slot 56 is connected to the corresponding lock member 58 when the lock member 58 is in the posture shown in Fig. fJS1 and Fig. i2.
It has a rectangular shape that is similar to the planar shape of the head 58c of No. 8 and is much larger than the head 58c. In connection with the slot 56, it is preferable to provide a holding plate 9'2 for receiving the head 58c of the locking member 58 passing through the slot, and in the example shown, a cover 94 for closing the recess. ing. In Figure 3,
In order to clarify the internal structure, the portion related to the recess 90a is shown with the presser plate 92 and cover 94 removed, and the portion related to the recess 90b is shown with the cover 94 removed. .

Since each sleeve 62 is in its forward position when the second slide shaft 78 is in the forward position shown in FIG. It is held at the protruding position, that is, the release position shown in the attitude shown in FIG. Therefore, for example, by using a conventionally well-known robot, the holes 52 and 54 and the slot 56 of the jaw assembly 16 are placed in a position corresponding to the locking member 26, the guide pin 26, and the locking member 58 of the chuck body 14, respectively. The base member 42 can be brought into contact with the end surface of the chuck main body 14 indicated by the arrow I. In this abutting state 7g, the head 58 of the locking member 58 passing through the slot 56 is located in the recess 90 (90a, 90b) from which the slot 56 opens.

90C), the top is brought into contact with the presser plate in a state that it is slightly lifted from the bottom.

Thereafter, when the second slide shaft 78 is operated toward the retracted position shown in FIG. The lock member 58 provided in the recess 9
3 and is actuated toward a retracted or tightened position in which it engages the edge of slot 56 at 0 and forms a 90 degree angular relationship with slot 56 shown in phantom in FIG.

The backward movement of each sleeve 62 causes the protrusion 76 to
enters the other end 74b of the corresponding cam groove 74, the sleeve 62 locks its threaded portion 62b into the locking member 58.
a into contact with the base 58b of a. The other end 74b, which is an extension of the cam groove 76, allows the locking member 58 to move in the axial direction, so when the sleeve 62 comes into contact with the base 58b of the locking member 58a, the sleeve 62
The axial force acting on the head 5 of the locking member 58
8c directly acts as a tightening force on the base member 42. Therefore, the jaw assembly 16 is attached to the chuck body 1.
4 is securely fixed.

When the jaw assembly 16 is completely fixed to the chuck body 14, the jaw assembly 16 is released from the robot;
Subsequently, the first slide shaft 28 is operated to grip the object to be fixed by the claw member 44 of the jaw assembly 16,
After the processing of the object to be fixed is completed, the first slide shaft 28 is operated to release the object to be fixed.

Thereafter, if it becomes necessary to replace the jaw assembly 16 with a jaw assembly similar to the one described above in which the claw members 44 of the jaw assembly 16 are of a different size for clamping a workpiece of a different size, the chuck body is fixed jaw assembly 16
is held by the robot 2, the second slide shaft 78 is operated toward the forward position shown in FIG.
As a result, each locking member 58 is operated toward the above-mentioned release position. When the locking member 58 is actuated to the released position, the jaw assembly can be removed from the chuck body 14 and a new jaw assembly can be attached to the chuck body, as will be apparent from the foregoing. The jaw assembly is replaced by the use of a robot. Thereafter, the second slide shaft 78 is operated toward the retracted position to fix the jaw assembly to the chuck body, and the jaw assembly is fixed to the chuck body 14 by tightening each locking member 58 in the same manner as described above. be done.

When the show assembly 16 is attached to the chuck body 14, whether the base member 42 is in close contact with the chuck body or not, and when the jaw assembly 16 is fixed to the chuck body 14, a predetermined tightening force is applied by the locking member 58. It is preferable that the jaw assembly is provided with a detection means for confirming whether or not the base member 42 is being acted on, or whether the clamping and release of the clamping of the fixed object by the claw members 44 has been completed. The three-dimensional object can be attached and detached from the chuck body manually by an operator.

As a drive source for moving the slide shafts 28 and 78 in their axial directions, a hydraulic piston-cylinder arrangement 96 as shown in FIG. 6 can be used. The piston/cylinder device 96 includes a cylinder member 98 fixed to the rear end of the drive shaft 12 and a pressure liquid distributor lO.
and O. Cylinder member 98 has first and second chambers 102 and 104 arranged in series with each other.
It has a partition wall 106 for partitioning. A piston 108a is slidably housed in the first chamber 102, with an inner piston loft 1 to which the piston is fixed.
08 is fixedly coupled to the slide shaft 28 of the fiSl. Further, the second chamber 104 has a piston 1
10a is slidably housed, and the outer piston rod 11O to which the piston is fixed is connected to the second slide 7.
8.

The pressure liquid distributor 100 selectively supplies pressure liquid to the compartment 102a on one side and the compartment 102b on the other side of the piston portion 108a in the first cylinder chamber 102, and also to the compartment 102b on the other side of the piston portion 108a in the first cylinder chamber 102. Piston part 11
It functions to selectively supply pressurized liquid to the compartment 104a on one side of Oa and the compartment 104b on the other side, and its configuration itself is well known in the art. The pressure liquid distributor 10
0 is supported by the cylinder member 98, which rotates integrally with the drive shaft 12, via a thrust bearing 112, so that it is held statically.

When the pressure liquid is supplied to the compartment 102a through the pressure liquid distributor 100, the first slide shaft 28 moves to the right in FIG. 6, and is thereby fixed to the chuck body 14. When each pawl member 44 of the jaw assembly 16 is actuated to release the object, and when pressurized fluid is delivered to the compartment 102b, the first slide shaft 28 moves to the position F in the figure. As a result, the claw member 44 is operated to clamp the object to be fixed. Further, when the pressure liquid is supplied to the compartment chamber 104a through the pressure liquid distributor 100, the second slide shaft 78 moves to the right as seen in FIG.
8 is actuated to the release position and pressurized fluid enters the compartment 104.
b, the second slide shaft 78 moves to the left in the figure, thereby operating each locking member 58 to the tightening position.

A cam mechanism is used instead of the piston/cylinder device 196 described above as a drive source for operating the slide shafts 28 and 78 in their axial directions.

Various actuation devices can be applied, such as electromagnetic devices.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing a rotary chuck according to the present invention separated into a chuck body and a jaw assembly, FIG. 2 is an end view of the chuck body shown in FIG. 1, and FIG. is an end view of the jaw assembly shown in FIG. i1; FIG. 4 is a partially exploded view of the sleeve shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 5 is a view similar to FIG. 1 showing the chuck body and jaw assembly according to the present invention in a coupled state, and FIG. 6 is a longitudinal sectional view showing the driving device according to the present invention. 12: Drive shaft, 14: Chuck body. 16: Jaw assembly, 18 two-lock device, 42: Base member, 44: Claw member, 56: Slot, ), 5B
: Lock member, 58a biaxial part, 58c: Head. 60: Actuation mechanism, 62 sleeve, 68', key, 70: Keyway, 7z: Cam means, 74
: Cam groove. 74a, 74b: Extension part, 76: Projection part, 78 Ni slide shaft, 96: Drive source, 102.104: Chamber, 108.110: Piston rod, 10g'a', 1loa: Piston. Agent Patent Attorney Nobuyuki MatsunagaFigure 2Figure 4Figure 3

Claims (9)

[Claims] (1) A chuck body connected to a drive shaft, a base member disposed so as to be able to come into contact with the chuck body, and a plurality of claw members provided on the base member for releasably holding an object to be fixed. a jaw assembly; and a locking device for releasably fixing the jaw assembly to the chuck body, the locking device being provided on the base member and extending through the base member in an axial direction. a lock member provided in the chuck body and having a shaft portion arranged parallel to the axis of the chuck body and a head provided at the tip of the shaft portion; a tightening position in which the head protrudes from the slot and engages the base member to secure the jaw assembly to the chuck body; and a release in which the head protrudes from the slot to permit removal of the jaw assembly from the chuck body. and an actuation mechanism that linearly and rotationally moves the locking member between positions. (2) the shaft portion of the locking member has a circular cross section;
The rotary chuck according to claim 1, wherein the head extends in a diametrical direction of the shaft at a distal end of the shaft. (3) The operating mechanism is disposed surrounding the shaft portion of the locking member, and is movable in the direction of an axis parallel to the axis of the chuck body and around the axis, and is movable in the direction of the axis of the locking member. a sleeve that is spline-fitted to the shaft and can abut against a locking portion formed at the rear end of the shaft; and when the sleeve moves in the axial direction, the sleeve Claim 1, comprising: cam means provided between the sleeve and the chuck body to provide rotational movement about an axis; and actuating means for moving the sleeve in the axial direction.
) rotary chuck as described in section. (4) The cam means is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the sleeve and includes a cam groove that is inclined with respect to the circumferential direction of the sleeve, and a protrusion that projects from the chuck body into the cam groove. The rotary chuck according to item (3). (5) The cam groove includes an extension portion extending outward in the axial direction of the sleeve at each end.
The rotary chuck described in section 4). (6) One end and the other end of the cam groove are connected to one end of the sleeve.
The rotary chuck according to claim 5, wherein the rotary chuck is spaced apart in the circumferential direction by a length of /4 circumference. (7) The actuation means includes a tubular slide shaft that is disposed coaxially with the drive shaft inside the drive shaft and has an arm portion at its tip that engages with the sleeve; The rotary chuck according to claim 3, further comprising a drive source for operating the slide shaft in the axial direction to move the sleeve in the axial direction. (8) The drive source is a hydraulic piston-cylinder device including a piston connected to the slide shaft having the arm portion, and a cylinder that accommodates the piston so as to be movable in the axial direction of the drive shaft. Claim No. 7
) rotary chuck as described in section. (9) The drive source includes a piston disposed in each of two adjacent chambers, and a pair of coaxially disposed inner and outer piston rods, one end of which is connected to the slide shaft. The rotary chuck according to claim (7).