JPS6189112A - Two wheel automobile - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To enable a vehicle to make a small turn, by supporting a vehicle body by means of right and left drive wheels alone to reduce the running resistance of the vehicle. CONSTITUTION:Upon stopping or low speed running of a vehicle auxiliary wheels 26 are grounded so that the vehicle body is supported by four wheels. When the running speed of the vehicle exceeds a predetermined speed, the auxiliary wheels 26 are moved toward a position where the wheels 26 are lifted from the ground, so that the vehicle body 1 is supported only by right and left drive wheels 3. In such a running condition, the attitude of the vehicle body 1 is always detected by left and right vehicle body detecting devices 40. In accordance with the result of the detection, the balance-weight is moved back and forth to hold the horizontal attitude of the vehicle body.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION OBJECTS OF THE INVENTION The present invention provides a novel two-wheeled vehicle that can run while supporting the vehicle body only by a pair of driving wheels, and can also raise and lower the vehicle body.

Structure of the Invention In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention includes a pair of drive wheels that are coaxially driven to rotate forward and backward independently of each other, a vehicle body supported on the shaft, and a vehicle body that prevents the vehicle body from touching the ground. A two-wheeled vehicle is equipped with a vehicle body posture control means for controlling the vehicle's posture, a vehicle body raising and lowering means for raising and lowering the vehicle body, and a vehicle body supporting means for supporting the vehicle body by touching the ground when stopped. did.

In other words, when the vehicle is stopped, auxiliary wheels or sleds serving as vehicle body support means are brought into contact with the ground and support the vehicle body together with the pair of driving wheels. During high-speed driving, the vehicle body is no longer supported by the vehicle body support means, and the vehicle body is supported only by the pair of drive wheels, and the vehicle body posture is detected by, for example, a gyro-type attitude detection device, and based on the detection result, the vehicle body does not touch the ground. The posture is controlled as follows.

Furthermore, right turns and left turns are performed by independently controlling the rotational speeds of the pair of drive wheels, and turning on the spot is possible by rotating both drive wheels in opposite directions.

Further, the vehicle body is raised and lowered relative to the drive wheels by a vehicle body lifting means such as a hydraulic cylinder mechanism, a parallel four-bar linkage mechanism, or a table lifter mechanism.

Embodiment Hereinafter, an embodiment embodying the present invention will be described based on the drawings.

Reference numeral 1 denotes a vehicle body, and a pair of drive wheels 2 and 3 are disposed on the left and right at slightly rearward and lower portions of the center in the front-rear direction (left-right direction in FIG. 1).

The wheel axles 4, 5 of both drive wheels 2, 3 are operatively connected to a pair of drive transmission path sections 7.8, which are each operatively connected to the engine 6, by a drive path conversion section 9. Hydraulic cylinders 10 are provided in the vertical direction before and after both wheel axles 4, 5 on the drive wheel part side, which is composed of the drive wheels 2, 3, the wheel axles 4.5, the drive transmission path parts 7, 8, and the engine 6. These piston rods 10
The tip of a is connected and fixed to the lower surface side of the floor of the vehicle body 1. That is, the vehicle body 1 is supported by the drive wheel portion via the hydraulic cylinder 10 so as to be relatively rotatable.

A rotation direction switching mechanism 11A for switching the rotation direction of the right drive wheel 2 and a continuously variable transmission 112A for controlling the rotation speed of the left drive wheel 2 are interposed in the drive transmission path portion 7. A similar rotational direction switching mechanism 11B and continuously variable transmission [12B] are also provided in the drive transmission path section 8 on the right drive wheel 3 side.

The rotational direction switching mechanisms 11A and 11B are shown in FIG. 6(a).

As shown in (b), the gear gM structure and the electromagnetic solenoid 1
3, bevel gears 1714.15 are integrally switched and disposed as the electromagnetic solenoid 13 is excited and demagnetized, and the engagement with the bevel gear 16 is switched, thereby driving the drive wheels 2, 3.
The direction of rotation can be changed.

The electromagnetic solenoids 13 in both rotational direction switching mechanisms 11A and 11B are energized by switching an operating lever 19 provided between a driver's seat 17 and a passenger seat 18. That is, as shown in FIG. 7, when one operating lever is placed at position F, which indicates forward travel, the electromagnetic solenoids 13 of both switching mechanisms 11A and 11B are demagnetized, and as shown in FIG. ), when the bevel gear 14 and the hevel gear 16 mesh with each other, both the left and right drive wheels 2.3 are rotated forward, and the vehicle body 1 travels forward.The operating lever 19 is placed at position B, which indicates backward travel. Then, the electromagnetic solenoids 13 of both switching mechanisms 11A and 11B are energized, and as shown in FIG. The vehicle body 1 moves backward.

When the operating lever 19 is switched to the R position shown in FIG. 7, only the electromagnetic solenoid 13 of the rotation direction switching mechanism 11B is energized, the right drive wheel 2 is rotated forward, and the right drive wheel 3 is rotated backward. The vehicle body 1 turns to the right on the spot.

When the operating lever 19 is switched to the L position shown in the figure, the electromagnetic solenoid 13 of the rotation direction switching mechanism 11A
Only the right drive wheel 3 is energized, and the right drive wheel 3 is rotated forward.
The left drive wheel 4 is rotated backwards, and the vehicle body 1 turns left on the spot.

Further, the gear ratios of the continuously variable transmissions 12A and 12B are controlled by rotating and sweeping an operating handle 20 provided in front of the driver's seat J-cover 17. When in a predetermined rotational position, both continuously variable transmissions 12
The gear ratios of A and 12B are set to the same reference gear ratio, and both the left and right drive wheels 2 and 3 are rotated at the same speed. That is, the vehicle body 1 moves forward or backward. When the operating handle 20 is rotated to the right from the predetermined position, the gear ratio of the other continuously variable transmission 12B changes while the continuously variable transmission 12A is supported by the reference gear ratio. (2), and the rotation speed of the right drive wheel 30 becomes smaller than the rotation speed of the left drive wheel 2.

Therefore, the vehicle body 1 turns right.

Conversely, when the operating handle 20 is rotated to the left from the predetermined position, the gear ratio of the other continuously variable transmission 12A is changed to the operating handle while the continuously variable transmission 12B is maintained at the reference gear ratio. 20, and the left drive wheel 2
The rotation speed of the right drive wheel 3 becomes smaller than the rotation speed of the right drive wheel 3. Therefore, the vehicle body 1 turns left.

An auxiliary shaft 24 is installed between the tips of a pair of legs 22 and 23 that are rotatably supported on both left and right ends of a shaft 21 at the lower front side of the vehicle body 1, and auxiliary wheels 25 are installed at both ends of the same shaft 24.
．． 26 are rotatably supported. both legs 22
．． Hydraulic cylinders 27 and 28 are interposed between 23 and the vehicle body 1, and the expansion and contraction of both cylinders 27 and 28 moves the auxiliary wheels 25 and 26 between the grounding position shown by the solid line in FIG. 3 and the chain line. It is designed to be moved and placed between non-grounded positions. Two hydraulic cylinders are provided below and in front of the operating lever 19 in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle body 1, and a balance weight 30 is fixed to the tip of the piston rod 29a of the cylinder 29.

The balance weight 30 can be moved back and forth through the wheel shaft 4.5 based on the expansion and contraction operation of the piston rod 29a.

The operation of both hydraulic cylinders 27 and 28 is controlled by a first hydraulic pump 31 which is capable of forward and reverse rotation and a pair of electromagnetic valves 32 and 33, and the hydraulic cylinder 29 is controlled by a second hydraulic pump which is also capable of forward and reverse rotation. The operation is controlled by a pump 34 and a pair of electromagnetic valves 35 and 36.

These hydraulic pumps 31.34 and electromagnetic valves 32.33
．． 35 and 36 are operated based on instructions from the microcomputer 37. The computer 37 operates the first hydraulic pump 31 and the electromagnetic valve 32. based on the detection signal from the rotational speed detection device 38. It is designed to send commands to 33.

In this embodiment, when both the left and right drive wheels 2, 3 are rotating forward at a predetermined speed or higher, the control lever 19 is placed at the position where it instructs to turn on the spot, that is, at the R and L positions shown in FIG. 3, the auxiliary shafts 25, 26 are arranged and held in the non-ground position shown by the chain lines in FIG.

Further, the microcomputer 37 is configured to send commands to the second hydraulic pump 34 and electromagnetic valves 35 and 36 based on the detection signal from the gyro-type vehicle body attitude detection device 40, and in response to this, the balance By moving the eight 30 back and forth, the vehicle body 1 is kept horizontal.

A third hydraulic pump 41 is provided on the opposite side of both hydraulic pumps 31 and 34 with the hydraulic cylinder 29 as a boundary, and includes an electromagnetic valve 42 that controls the inflow and outflow of hydraulic oil in the hydraulic pump 41 and the pump 41. According to the hydraulic cylinder 1
The expansion and contraction operation of 0 is controlled. The operation of the hydraulic pump 41 and the electromagnetic valve 42 is controlled by a switch (not shown) provided near the operating handle 10.

As shown in FIG. 5, the rotation speed of the engine 6 is controlled by an accelerator pedal 43 placed on the floor in front of the driver's seat 17, and the brake pedal 44 can brake the two-wheel drive vehicles 2 and 3. It becomes.

Now, in the two-wheeled vehicle having the grooves as described above, the auxiliary shafts 25 and 26 are in contact with the ground when the vehicle is stopped or traveling at low speed, and the vehicle body 1 is supported by the four wheels. When the operating lever 19 is in the forward/reverse travel positions F and B and the travel speed exceeds a predetermined speed, the auxiliary wheels 25 and 26 move as shown in the solid line in FIG. It is moved from the grounded position shown by to the non-grounded position jd shown by the chain line,
The middle body 1 is supported only by the left and right drive wheels 2 and 3, and two-wheel running is performed. Then, when the operating lever 19 is disposed at the forward traveling position F, rotating the operating handle 20 to the right reduces the gear ratio of the continuously variable transmission 12B from the reference gear ratio, and the right drive wheel 3 The rotation speed of the left drive wheel 2 becomes smaller than the rotation speed of the left drive wheel 2, and the car turns right.

If the operating handle 20 is rotated to the left, the rotation speed of the left drive wheel 2 will similarly become smaller than that of the right drive wheel 3, and the vehicle will turn left. Even when the operating lever 19 is in the backward traveling position, the automobile turns left or right while moving backward according to the rotation of the operating handle 20.

When the operating lever 19 is placed in the spot rotation positions R and L, the rotation direction switching mechanism 11A.

11B are switched in mutually opposite directions, and the left and right drive wheels 2, 3 are rotated in mutually opposite directions.

Therefore, the car can turn to the left or right on the spot, making it possible to make tight turns.

In such a running state, the attitude of the vehicle body 1 is constantly detected by the vehicle attitude detection device 40, and the balance weight 30 is moved back and forth based on the detection result, so that the attitude of the vehicle body 1 is always maintained horizontally.

If sudden braking is applied for some reason while the vehicle is running at high speed, the vehicle body 1 rotates forward about the wheel axles 4 and 5 due to inertia. However, such tilting of the vehicle body 1 due to inertia is immediately detected by the vehicle body posture detection device 40, and as a result, the balance weight 30
is immediately moved rearward, and the posture of the vehicle body 1 is maintained horizontally. Moreover, when the traveling speed becomes lower than a predetermined speed due to sudden braking, the auxiliary wheels 25 and 26 touch the ground, and the vehicle body 1 is reliably prevented from coming into contact with the ground.

Also, in high-speed running conditions, the wheels that touch the ground are the drive wheels 2.
, 3, there is an advantage that the running resistance is lower than that of a three-wheeled vehicle or a four-wheeled vehicle.

Furthermore, in this embodiment, the vehicle body 1 can be raised and lowered by operating a switch (not shown) provided near the operating handle 20. That is, by operating the switch to operate the third hydraulic pump 41 and the electromagnetic valve 42, the piston rod 10a of the hydraulic cylinder 10
is moved upward, and the vehicle body 1 is raised as shown in FIG.

By raising the vehicle body 1 in this manner, the field of view from the driver's seat 17 is expanded, and the road situation can be grasped more quickly and reliably. Therefore, safety in driving the vehicle is improved. Further, by driving with the vehicle body 1 raised, it is possible to obtain a flight-like driving sensation that cannot be obtained by simply driving at high speed, and it is possible to enjoy a comfortable drive.

Even when driving with the vehicle body 1 raised, the vehicle body 1
The attitude of the vehicle body 1 is constantly detected by the vehicle body attitude detection device 40, and the balance weight 30 is moved back and forth based on the detection result, so that the attitude of the vehicle body 1 is always stably maintained in a horizontal state.

In order to avoid the vehicle body 1 from falling into the open air, the switch is operated to open the electromagnetic valve 42, and the piston rod 10a is moved downward by the weight of the vehicle body 1, and the vehicle body 1 is lowered again to the state shown in FIG. 3. .

The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments; for example, a gyroscope may be used instead of a balance weight as a means for controlling the vehicle body attitude, or a auxiliary wheel 25 may be used when the engine is driven.
It is also possible to hold 26 in a non-ground position and support the vehicle body 1 only by the left and right drive wheels 2 and 3, or to use sleds or the like instead of the auxiliary wheels 25 and 26. Furthermore, instead of the hydraulic cylinder, a parallel four-bar mechanism, a table lifter mechanism, etc. may be used as the means for raising and lowering the vehicle body.

Furthermore, it is also possible to embody the invention in an industrial vehicle.

Effects of the Invention As detailed above, the two-wheeled vehicle of the present invention has the effect of having low running resistance and being able to make tight turns, and is also superior to conventional automobiles in that it can run on two wheels and run with the vehicle body elevated. It has a new driving style.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The drawings show an embodiment embodying the present invention; FIG. 1 is a side view, FIG. 2 is a front view, FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line A-A in FIG. 5th longitudinal sectional view showing the state
6 is a plan view of the road body, FIG. 6 is a plan view of the road body of the rotational direction switching mechanism, and FIG. 7 is a 8.1 congratulatory view showing the vicinity of the operating lever. Vehicle body 1, drive wheels 2.3, hydraulic cylinder 10 as vehicle body lifting means, third hydraulic pump 41, auxiliary wheels 25, 26 as vehicle body support means, and hydraulic cylinder 27.
．． 28, a cylinder 29 as a vehicle attitude control means, a balance weight 30, a second hydraulic pump 34,
Similarly, vehicle body attitude control means 40°

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A pair of driving wheels that are coaxially driven to rotate forward and backward independently of each other, a vehicle body supported on the shaft, and the posture of the vehicle body is controlled so that the vehicle body does not touch the ground. A two-wheeled vehicle comprising: a vehicle body attitude control means for raising and lowering the vehicle body; a vehicle body lifting means for raising and lowering the vehicle body; and a vehicle body supporting means for supporting the vehicle body by touching the ground when the vehicle is stopped. 2. A patent claim in which the vehicle body lifting means is comprised of a hydraulic pump operated by a manual switch, an electromagnetic valve that controls the inflow and outflow of hydraulic oil from the pump, and a plurality of hydraulic cylinders connected to the pump. The two-wheeled vehicle described in item 1. 3. The vehicle body attitude control means includes a vehicle body attitude detection device, a microcomputer that issues a command based on a detection signal from the detection device, a hydraulic pump that is operated based on a command from the computer, and a hydraulic pump that extends and contracts by the pump. The two-wheeled vehicle according to claim 2, comprising an actuated hydraulic cylinder and a balance weight fixed to the tip of a piston rod of the cylinder and moved in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle body. 4. The two-wheeled vehicle according to claim 2, wherein the vehicle body support means is a pair of auxiliary wheels that are moved between a ground contact position and a non-ground contact position by a hydraulic cylinder.