JPS6165731A - Multi shaft nut runner - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To enable the multiplicity to be obtained in a pattern arranging a socket, by the first pitch circle change mechanism rotating a gear case, connected with a driven shaft mounting the socket, about a driving shaft serving as the center and the second pitch circle change mechanism changing an opening angle mutually between three sheets or more of holding plates. CONSTITUTION:A nut runner, when five hub nuts are provided, aligns a distance from a center shaft 8 to each socket 15a-15c to the radius of a pitch circle when five hub nuts are provided, setting an angle from the socket 15a to 15b, 15c to each 144 deg. while an angle between the sockets 15b, 15c to 72 deg.. Accordingly, the nut runner sets the socket 15a corresponding to a hub nut A1, the socket 15b corresponding to a hub nut A3 and the socket 15c corresponding to a hub nut A4. And the nut runner, after it sets a position of each socket 15a-15c, feeds pressurized air to the rear end side of a cylinder tube 19a-19c and advances the socket 15a-15c with a hollow shaft 18a-18c to be rotated by each rotary driving gear 10a-10c, and the nut runner, if its whole unit is set to a wheel, enables each hub nut A1-A4 to be tightened while the multiplicity to be obtained in a pattern arranging the sockets.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of Industrial Application This invention relates to a multi-spindle nut runner for simultaneously tightening a plurality of nuts or bolts.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION This type of device is used, for example, to tighten hub nuts in the automobile manufacturing process, but recently it has been used to tighten hub nuts in automobile manufacturing processes. As mixed production of many types of cars is becoming more and more common, in which different types of cars are manufactured on the same line, it is desirable that the tools and equipment used for processing and assembly have the so-called flexibility to adapt to any type of car. ing. The present applicant has developed a nut runner that meets these demands in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 58-1324.
It was already proposed on 27@.

The nut runner according to the proposal has the same number of rotationally driven sockets as the maximum number of targeted hub nuts (for example, 5), and among those sockets, the same number of sockets as the minimum number of targeted hub nuts (for example, 4). is connected to the drive shaft via a gear housed in a gear box, and #T
The pitch circle radius is changed by rotating around the drive shaft integrally with the R box, and the sockets that are not used can be moved back from the other sockets.

Problems to be Solved by the Invention Recently, there has been a tendency for more and more car models to be produced on the same line, and as a result, the arrangement patterns of hub nuts that must be tightened have become more diverse. Various array patterns, such as cases where both radii are different, are being targeted. However, a multi-shaft nut runner used in a multi-vehicle mixed production line under such circumstances needs to have a configuration that allows the arrangement of the sockets to be varied in a variety of ways. Since the nut runner is configured to rotate together with the gear box around the nut runner, the movement stroke of the socket is short, and for this reason, the number of socket arrangement patterns in conventional nut runners has been limited to about two types. Therefore, if used in the recent multi-vehicle mixed production line mentioned above, it would be necessary to prepare nut runners with different numbers of sockets (number of axes) or dimensional specifications, and the original purpose of making the pitch circle radius variable was not possible. The fr of equipment by changing! There was a problem that could end up defeating the purpose of promoting A-grade students.

In view of the above-mentioned circumstances, it is an object of the present invention to provide a multi-shaft nut whose socket arrangement pattern can be varied in a variety of ways so as to be suitable for multiple buildings.

Means for Solving the Problems In order to achieve the above object, the present invention connects at least three retaining plates to each other so as to be able to rotate relative to each other about a single axis. Each holding plate has a drive shaft that is rotated by a rotary drive device provided on the back side, and a driven shaft that is connected to the tip of the drive shaft via a gear housed in a gear box and has a socket at one end. Axis and drive! l
The tooth 1 centered around the l axis! A first pitch circle changing mechanism for rotating the box is provided, and a second pitch circle changing mechanism is provided for changing the mutual opening angle of each holding plate around the axis, and each holding plate is integrated. The present invention is characterized in that a rotation device is provided for rotating the door around the axis.

In other words, in the multi-axis nut runner of the present invention, by operating the first pitch circle changing mechanism, the driven shaft to which the socket is attached rotates together with the gear box around the drive shaft. By appropriately setting the angle, each socket can be set in an arrangement pattern that matches a hub nut with a predetermined pitch circle radius. Furthermore, by operating the second pitch circle change m inertia, the opening angle between the respective retaining plates changes, in other words, each socket pivots around the axis passing through the connecting portion of the retaining plates, and therefore its Since the movement stroke of the socket is large in this case, the arrangement pattern of the socket can be set to suit a hub nut having a predetermined pitch circle radius different from that in the above case. In this way, the socket arrangement is modified according to the above-mentioned first pitch circle change and second pitch circle change! ! Since the two parts of the structure can be changed, the sockets can be arranged in various patterns.

Also, since there are cases where the number of hub nuts is larger than the number of sockets, in such cases, the entire socket can be rotated around the center of the pitch circle of the hub nuts by rotating each holding plate as a unit using a rotating device. Tighten and fit the unfinished hub nut.

Embodiment FIG. 1 is a schematic side view showing one embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a partially cutaway side view showing the main part thereof, and FIG. m-■ line arrow view,
The substrate 1 is configured as a frame having the shape shown in the figure and is open toward a target wheel 2, and a shaft 3 is provided at the center of the substrate 1 to protrude toward the wheel 2. The shaft 3 includes an outer cylinder 4 fixed to a substrate 1, an intermediate shaft 6 consisting of a cylindrical body coaxially inserted into the outer cylinder 4 via a bearing metal 5, and a bearing metal inside the intermediate shaft 6. 3111 consisting of a central shaft 8 which is a solid shaft inserted on the coaxial center via 7! ! In this structure, a first holding plate 9a is attached to the tip end (left end in FIG. 2) of the intermediate shaft 6 protruding from the outer cylinder 4 so as to face in the radial direction. Also intermediate l
! At the tip of the center shaft 8 protruding from the center shaft 8, a second holding plate 9b whose mouth cannot be expanded with respect to the center shaft 8 and an M3 holding plate tlZ9c which is rotatable with respect to the center @8 are oriented in the radial direction. installed. Therefore, each holding plate 9a
, 9b, 9C are fil around the axis of center @8
It is configured to rotate in 5J.

At a predetermined location on the back of each of the holding plates 9a, 9b, 9c,
Rotary drive devices 10a, 10b, 10C each consisting of an electric motor, an air rotary actuator, etc. are attached, and their drive shafts are attached to the holding plates 9a, 9b.
, 9c, and is connected via a gear to the M moving shaft which has a socket at its tip. An example of its configuration is shown in FIG.

That is, among the holding plates 9a, 9b, 9c, the drive shaft 11
The drive shaft 11 is located at the location where a, 11b, and 11c protrude.
A gear box 12 that can rotate around a, 11b, and 11c.
a, 12b, 12c are ffl 1. f L r a
11), inside the gear boxes 12a, 12b, 12c, drive vJ shafts 11a, 11b, 11c GC mounting beam gears 13a, 13b, 13c and other gears 14a, 14b, 114c, which mesh with these, are installed. -Power yield 6sh, 9
i [section 2 sockets 15a, 15b, 15c t
R crotch 1f, cutlet drive 1m 11a, Ilb, parallel to 11c? ! ? ! The moving axis 16a116b116c is the above-mentioned +7
1fiK [14a, 14b, integrated with i4C.

The IM 16a, 16b, 16c lt and the sockets 15a, 15b, 15c can be moved forward and backward, and the above-mentioned 1! II cars 14a, 14b, 14
Spline shafts 17a, 117b, 17C with C attached and hollow spaces @18a, 18b, 18c that fit freely therein
are accommodated in the cylinder tubes 19a, 19b, 19c, and the outer circumferential surfaces of the rear ends of the hollow shafts 18a, 18b, 1ac are in airtight contact with the inner circumferential surfaces of the cylinder tubes 19a, 19b, 19c. The rear end is a piston, so the cylinder tube 19
Supplying pressurized air to the rear end side of a119b and 19c,
! :1. : Yori, hollow? ! 118a, 18b, 18
Sockets 15a, 15b, 15C move forward, reverse & reverse with C.
19c) By supplying pressurized air to the front end side, the socket 15a together with the hollow shafts 18a, 118b, 18c
115b and 15c are designed to move backward.

Furthermore, on the front of each holding plate 9a, 9b, 9c, a
Air cylinder 20a 1 as a pitch circle changing mechanism
20b, 20c are installed parallel to the front thereof, and the rods are connected to the corresponding gear boxes 12a, 12b,
It is rotatably connected to 12c. Therefore, the rods of the air cylinders 20a, 20b, 20c are extended or pulled Rt, '), tFtTK
Covered with i-boxes 12a, 12b, and 12c! '[1-6a
, 16b, 16c and Hisocerato 15a, 15
b 115c is the corresponding through drive fJ! 111a,
Turning around 11b and 11c, So I) M'AV'y
y t15a, 15b, 15c I) position c.

In other words, the array pattern is configured to change.

A second pitch circle changing mechanism is also provided to roughly change the relative positions of the holding plates 9a, 9b, and 9c. This second pitch circle change Ifg is the first holding plate 9
A raid structure that allows relative movement limited to a and the second holding plate 9b, and a relative movement 7i limited to the second holding plate 9b and the third holding plate 9C! To explain each of them, the rear end portion (right end portion in FIG. 2) of the middle n-shaft 6 that is integrated with the second holding plate 9a
As shown in FIGS. 2 and 5, the servo motor 21
is attached via a bracket, the output shaft of the servo motor 21 is screwed into a ball screw 22, and a nut 23 that is screwed onto the central shaft 8 is integrated with the second holding plate 9b. Rear end (right end in Figure 2)
is attached via a bracket. That is, by driving the servo motor 21 to move the nut 23 back and forth, the central shaft 8 and the middle n-shaft 6 rotate relative to each other, and the P
As a result, the first and second holding plates 9a and 9b are configured to rotate relative to each other around the axis of the central shaft 8, and the gap angle between them changes. retention of 4f19
As shown in FIG. 6, a servo motor 24 is mounted on the back side of b, facing the third holder W9C, and its output shaft is a pole screw 25. It is attached to the back surface of the third holding plate 9C. That is, since the third holding plate 9C is rotatably attached to the center @8, by using the servo motor 24 to move the nut 26 back and forth, the third holding plate 9C can be moved to the center. The second and third holding plates 9b rotate around the axis of i'18.

1g is formed so that the opening angle between 9C and 9C changes.

By the way, since there are usually four or more hub nuts, in the above-mentioned nut runner, each socket 15a, 115b, 15C is integrated into a holding plate in order to tighten all the hub nuts twice for the same wheel. 9
A rotating device is provided for rotating together with a, 9b, 9c. That is, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 5, a third servo motor 27 is attached to the board 1, and the output shaft of the servo motor 27 and the rear end of the intermediate shaft 6 are connected to the chain 28 and the sprocket. 29.30. Therefore, the intermediate shaft 6 integral with the first retaining plate 9a and the central shaft 8 integral with the second retaining plate 9b,
The servo motor 21 is connected to the pole screw 22 and the nut 23, and the second holding plate 9b and the third holding plate tW9c are connected to the servo motor 24 and the pole screw 2.
5 and nuts 26, and as a result, the retaining plates 9a, 9b, 9c of M1 to M3 are interconnected, so by rotating the intermediate @6 by a servo motor 27 constituting a rotating device, Each holding plate 9a
, 9b, 9c together with sockets 15a, 15b, 15c
is designed to rotate around the axis at center @8.

Since the entire sockets 15a115b and 15c are configured to pivot in this way, the wheel 2 due to the pivoting action
A clamper 31 is provided to prevent any relative position deviation. The clamper 31 has a structure in which the axis of the central shaft 8 is aligned with the center of the wheel 2 by clamping the wheel 2 from the outer circumferential side with fingers 32. As shown in FIG. 1, an air cylinder 33 is attached to 85 of the shaped substrate 1 toward the inner flange, and a finger 32 is attached to the rond of the air cylinder 33.

Next, the operation of the nut runner configured as described above will be explained. FIG. 7 is a diagram showing three types of hub nut arrangement patterns, and in the case of 5f-jl)iU indicated by O, the sockets 15a, 15b, and 15c are set to the state shown in FIG. That is, each socket 1 from the axis of center @8
The distances to the centers of 5a, 15b, and 15c are made to match the pitch circle radius in the case of 5 axes, and the angles from the first socket 15a to the other sockets 15b and 15c are each 1.
44 and the second and third sockets 1
The angle between 51+ and 15c is set to 72°.

Therefore, in the state shown in No. 30, the first socket 15a corresponds to the hub nut shown as A1 in FIG. The socket 150 corresponds to this. Each socket 15a.

With the positions of 15b and 15c set in this way, each victim'
h@16a, 16b, 16* ic! t
7. ;p Shi! J datube 19a, 19b, 19
By supplying pressurized air to the rear end of 0, medium g! ? ! +18a
, 18b, 18c together with sockets 15a, 15b
, 15c, and each rotation ffl! , lJ device t
1Qa, 10b 110c by socket 15a
1151+, 15c, and set the whole nut runner against wheel 2 in that state, A
Each hub nut of I, A3, and A4 can be tightened. This kind of nut runner setting work is done manually, but after the setting is completed, the clamper 31
to fix the nut runner to the wheel 2. After tightening the above three hub nuts, each socket 1
5a, 15b, and 150 and remove them from the hub nuts. In that case, the wheel 2 is clamped by the clamper 31.
Since they are connected and integrated with each other, there will be no deviation in their relative positions. sockets 15a, 15b,
15c from the hub nut, if the servo motor 27 constituting the rotating device is rotated, the first holding plate 9
a rotates together with the intermediate shaft 6, and the first socket 15a moves to a position corresponding to the hub nut A2 shown in FIG. Also, intermediate axis 6 and center? ! 18 is the servo motor 21
and a second holding plate 9b which is connected via the ball screw 21 and the nut 23 and is integral with the center @8 of the servo motor 24, the ball screw 25 and the nut 26.
is connected to the third holding plate 9C via the intermediate shaft 6 and the third holding plate 9G.
With the above-mentioned movement of the socket 15a, the third holding plate 9
C is rotated and its socket 15c is A4 as shown in FIG.
to the position corresponding to the A5 hub nut. Therefore, by rotating the sockets 15a and 15c again and moving them forward, the remaining two hub nuts can be tightened.

Next, the case of four axes shown in the mouth in FIG. 7 will be explained. In this case, since the pitch circle radius is the same as the previous five-axis case, the arrangement of the sockets 15a, 15b, 15C is changed by operating the servo motors 21, 24 that constitute the second pitch circle change 'at14. change. That is, if the second servo motor 24 is operated to advance the nut 23 in the state shown in FIG.
Holding tfi<9b, along with 9c its socket 15b
, 15C revolves around the axis of the center @8, so
The second socket 15 in position A3 in FIG.
b is 4? The third socket 15c, which was in the position A4, is moved to the position corresponding to the hub nut 83 among the eight-pin nuts. Further, by operating another servo motor 21, the first holding plate 9a is rotated together with the intermediate shaft 6, and the socket 15a is moved from A1 to 8 in FIG.
Move it to the position corresponding to hub nut 1. By arranging the sockets 15a, 15b, and 15C in this manner, the three hub nuts indicated by 81, B2, and B3 of the four shafts are tightened, and the retaining plate 9a of the rear cylinder 1 is then moved by the servo motor 21, unlike the conventional method. Rotate in the opposite direction, move the first socket 15a to the position corresponding to the hub nut 84, and tighten the remaining hub nut.

When changing the pitch circle radius of the arrangement pattern of the rough sockets 15a, i5b, 15c, the air cylinders 20a, 20b, 2 constituting the first pitch circle changing tilt are used.
Perform by 0c. That is, each air cylinder 20a
, 20b, 20c, each tooth 1!11
2a, 12b, 12c゛ and ninket 15a,
1511 and 15C rotate around I gll @11a and 11, respectively, and Ilc. As a result, each socket 15a, 15b115c moves away from the axis of the center @8, so the sockets 15a, 15b, 15c1
PUJ pattern +7) t'y circle radius becomes larger. Therefore, if such an operation is performed in the state shown in FIG. 3, the arrangement of each socket 1-15a, 115b, 150 changes to the state shown in FIG. 8, and as a result, the pitch circle radius shown by the signature in FIG. For large four-wheel hub nuts, the second socket 15b matches 02, and the third socket 15
C matches 03, and the first socket 15a matches A1
Move from to the position indicated by P. Therefore, after tightening the hub nuts C2J5 and B3, if the holding plates 9a, 9b, and 9c are rotated as a unit using a rotating device, the sockets can be attached to the remaining two hub nuts C1 and C4. 1 and be able to attach the persimmon.

In each of the above-mentioned cases, by removing the clamper 31 after the tightening is completed, the screwdriver can be separated from the wheel 2.

In addition, in the above-mentioned NatsuTrunna, work is required to attach sleeves twice for January's wheel 2, but in the case of multi-vehicle mixed production, not only the production speed but also the number of cars that can be produced on the same line. Since the scale may need to be changed beforehand, the tightening for one wheel must be done twice even if the work is done twice.
Since the second tightening is self-tightening, there is no decrease in productivity.

Effects of the Invention As is clear from the above explanation, according to the multi-purpose nut runner of the present invention, the socket can be rotated separately around the joint point of each holding plate (the center of the wheel where Y is 9). The action of rotating the socket twice around its drive shaft, and the effort of rotating each socket as a unit around the connecting point of the holding plate! 'J fF is possible, so the socket arrangement pattern can be set to 5 punches more than before, so it can be applied to vehicles with multiple throws.
It is possible to minimize the number of nut runners required in 58 cases of multi-species mixed production, thereby reducing the required space and equipment cost. In addition, in this nut runner, the number of sockets, that is, the number of axes, may be less than the number of target hub nuts, so it is possible to make a nut runner that is small and has good composition.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a schematic top view showing one embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a partially cutaway side view showing the main parts, and FIG. 3 is a view of FIG. 40 is a sectional view specifically showing the configuration of the gear box and driven shaft, FIG. 5 is a view taken along the line v-v in FIG. 1, and FIG. 6 is a view taken along the line VI-V"I in FIG. 1. Figure 7 is a diagram showing the arrangement pattern of hub nuts, and Figure 8 is a diagram similar to Figure 3, showing the case where the pitch circle radius is changed. 6... Middle a 96, 8- Central axis, 9a , 9b
, 9c... Also holding plate, 10a, 10b, 10c
... Rotating fat ii, 11 a, 11 b, 1
1c--drive shaft, 12a, 12b, 12
cmmTam, 13a, 13b, 13c, 14a, 1
4b, 14c・-19, 15a, 15b115C...
Socket, 16a, 16b, 16c...Ring ring, 17a, 17b, 17c...Spline shaft, 18a, 18b, 18C...Hollow shaft, 1
9a, 19b, 19c... cylinder tube,
20a, 20b, 20G - air cylinder,
21.24.27... Servo motor, 22.25.
...Ball screw, 23.2G...Nut, 28...
Chain, 29.30... Sprocket. Figure 1 Figure 2

Claims (1)

[Claims] At least three retaining plates are interconnected for relative rotation about a single axis, each retaining plate having a drive rotatable by a rotary drive provided on the rear side of each retaining plate. A shaft is provided through the drive shaft, and a driven shaft is connected to the tip of each drive shaft via a gear housed in a gear box, and a socket that fits into a nut or bolt is provided at the tip of each driven shaft. A first pitch circle changing mechanism for rotating the gear box around the drive shaft is attached to each holding plate, and a second pitch circle changing mechanism for changing the opening angle between the holding plates about the axis. A multi-axis nutrunner characterized in that it is provided with a pitch circle changing mechanism and further provided with a rotation device that rotates each holding plate integrally about the axis.